2022届高三英语培优外刊阅读学案：仇恨话题

高三英语培优外刊阅读外刊精选｜枪击案背后：亚文化论坛如何沦为仇恨温床？上周末，美国在13小时内连续发生两起大规模枪击案，造成至少29人丧生，引起全美震动。其中一起案件的凶手，案发前曾在一个叫8chan的论坛上发布“袭击宣言”。而在此之前，还有两起大型枪杀案的凶手，都在该网站上发表过类似言论。美国枪杀案频发与哪些社会现象有关？这个网站又是怎么回事？8chanBecomesHavenforMurderersDevastatingnewsshooktheAmericanpublicovertheweekend,asstoriesemergedofback-to-backmassshootings.Thefirst,inElPaso,saw20killed;thesecond,amatterofhourslaterinDayton,left9dead.Whiletheseappallingincidentswerepromptingwidespreadcondemnation,adifferentnarrativebegantomaterializeonline:theElPasokillerhadpublicizedtheattackinadvanceviadigitalforum8chan,incitinghis“brothers”tocelebratethis“heroicact”.8chanoriginallystartedoutasautopiaforfreespeechandsub-culture,butithasrecentlybeenassociatedwithhatecrimesandevolvedintoasoapboxforwhitesupremacists.Inthisyearalone,perpetratorsofatleastthreeshootings,includingtheNewZealandMosquekillings,postedbeforehanddeclarationsofhatredandracistvitriolonthewebsite.Thesecarefullycraftedstatementsstayedupontheforumwithoutcensorship,andwentviralsoonaftertheshockingevents.What’sworse,serversof8chanarespreadaroundtheglobe,whichmakesithardforauthoritiestoknockthesitedown.【词汇过关】请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。1.haven[ˈheɪvən]n._______________________2.murderer[ˈmɜːdərə]n._______________________3.devastating[ˈdevəsteɪtɪŋ]adj._______________________4.devastate/ˈdevəsteɪt/vt._______________________5.shake[ʃeɪk]vt._______________________6.story[ˈstɔːri]n._______________________7.emerge[ɪˈmɜːdʒ]vi._______________________8.appalling[əˈpɔːlɪŋ]adj._______________________9.incident[ˈɪnsɪdənt]n._______________________10.prompt[prɒmpt]vt._______________________11.narrative[ˈnærətɪv]n._______________________12.materialize[məˈtɪəriəlaɪz]vi._______________________13.publicize[ˈpʌblɪsaɪz]vt._______________________14.via[ˈvaɪə]prep._______________________15.originally[əˈrɪdʒənəli]adv._______________________16.utopia[juːˈtəʊpiə]n._______________________17.sub-culture[ˈsʌbˌkʌltʃə]n._______________________18.soapbox[ˈsəʊpbɒks]n._______________________19.alone[əˈləʊn]adv._______________________20.perpetrator[ˈpɜːpətreɪtə]n._______________________21.including[ɪnˈkluːdɪŋ]prep._______________________22.killing[ˈkɪlɪŋ]n._______________________23.post[pəʊst]vt._______________________n._______________________24.beforehand[bɪˈfɔːhænd]adv._______________________25.declaration[ˌdekləˈreɪʃən]n._______________________26.hatred[ˈheɪtrɪd]n._______________________27.crafted/krɑːftɪd,kræftɪd/adj._______________________28.craft/krɑːft,kræft/vt._______________________n._______________________29.statement[ˈsteɪtmənt]n._______________________30.censorship[ˈsensəʃɪp]n._______________________31.shocking[ˈʃɒkɪŋ]adj._______________________32.authorities[ɔːˈθɒrətiz]n._______________________33.server[ˈsɜːvə]n._______________________【词块学习】请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。1.在周末___________________________________2.接连发生的大规模枪击案___________________________________3.仅数小时___________________________________4.广泛的谴责___________________________________5.预先；事先；提前___________________________________6.网络论坛___________________________________7.最初是……；以……开始___________________________________8.言论自由___________________________________9.和……有关联___________________________________10.仇恨犯罪___________________________________11.逐渐发展成……___________________________________12.白人至上主义者___________________________________13.种族主义言论（批评）___________________________________14精心炮制的___________________________________15.保留在论坛上___________________________________16.病毒式传播；疯传___________________________________17.更糟糕的是___________________________________18.遍布全球___________________________________19.击倒；打倒；关闭___________________________________拓展练习阅读理解AgathaChristie,thecreatorofoneofthemostenduringfiguresincrimeliterature-HerculePoirot,isthebest-sellingauthorofalltime.Shewasbornon15September,1890inTorquay,SouthWestEngland,intoacomfortablywelloffmiddle-classfamily.Althoughhermother,Clara,anexcellentstoryteller,didnotwanthertolearntoreadtooearly,shetaughtherselftoreadbytheageoffive.Agathareadthechildren’sstoriesofthetime,inventedimaginaryfriendsandbeganwritingpoemswhenshewasveryyoung.Attheageofeleventherewasashock.Herfather,notwellaftersufferingfinancialdifficulties,diedafteraseriesofheartattacks.Thereweremoremoneyworriesandtalksofsellingtheirhouse,butClaraandherdaughtersmanagedtofindawayforward.Bytheageof18Agathawasamusingherselfwithwritingshortstories.ButitwasduringtheFirstWorldWarthatAgathaturnedtowritingdetectivestories.HerdebutdetectivenovelTheMysteriousAffairatStylestooksometimetofinishandevenlongertofindapublisher.ShestartedwritingpartlyinresponsetoabetfromhersisterMadgethatshecouldn’twriteagooddetectivestoryandpartlytoeasethetirednessofworkinginaRedCrossHospitalinTorquay.Hernewknowledgeinpoisonswasalsoputtogooduse.Themurderer’suseofpoisonwassowelldescribedthatwhenthebookwaseventuallypublishedAgathareceivedaspecialhonourforawriteroffiction-areviewinPharmaceutical(药学)Journal.TheinspirationforHerculePoirotcamefromAgatha’sownlifeexperience.DuringtheFirstWorldWartherewereBelgianrefugees(难民)inmostpartsoftheEnglishcountryside,Torquaybeingnoexception.Althoughhewasnotbasedonanyparticularperson,AgathathoughtthataBelgianrefugee,aformergreatBelgianpoliceman,wouldmakeanexcellentdetectiveforTheMysteriousAffairatStyles.HerculePoirotwasborn.1.WhatcanweknowaboutAgatha’syoungage?A.Hermotherencouragedhertoread. B.Hertalentforlanguagewasshown.C.Herfatherdiedinamedicalaccident. D.Herfamilyalwayshadfinancialproblems.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“debut”probablymean?A.Thefirstknown. B.Themostthrilling.C.Thebestpraised. D.Thelastpublished.3.WhatisoneofthereasonswhyAgathabegantowritedetectivestories?A.Shewantedtoprovesomethingtohersister. B.Shehadnothingelsetododuringthewar.C.Shecoulduseherknowledgeofpoisons. D.ShemetaformergreatBelgiumpoliceman.4.WhathappensinTheMysteriousAffairatStyles?A.ThemurdertakesplaceinBelgium. B.ThedetectiveisnamedHerculePoirot.C.HerculePoirotisborninarefugee’sfamily. D.ATorquaypolicemancommitsthemurder.外刊精选答案【词汇过关】请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。1.haven[ˈheɪvən]n.安全的地方；避风港2.murderer[ˈmɜːdərə]n.杀人犯；凶手3.devastating[ˈdevəsteɪtɪŋ]adj.引起极度震惊／悲痛／忧伤的；毁灭性的，破坏性极大的4.devastate/ˈdevəsteɪt/vt.使极为震惊，使极为烦乱；摧毁，毁灭5.shake[ʃeɪk]vt.使震惊；使烦恼6.story[ˈstɔːri]n.新闻报道；故事，小说7.emerge[ɪˈmɜːdʒ]vi.出现；浮现8.appalling[əˈpɔːlɪŋ]adj.骇人听闻的，令人震惊的；极为恶劣的9.incident[ˈɪnsɪdənt]n.（不愉快或不寻常的）事件10.prompt[prɒmpt]vt.引起；激起；导致11.narrative[ˈnærətɪv]n.陈述；讲述；叙述12.materialize[məˈtɪəriəlaɪz]vi.发生；实现，成为现实13.publicize[ˈpʌblɪsaɪz]vt.公布；宣传14.via[ˈvaɪə]prep.通过，凭借；经由，通过15.originally[əˈrɪdʒənəli]adv.起初；原先16.utopia[juːˈtəʊpiə]n.乌托邦；理想中的完美世界17.sub-culture[ˈsʌbˌkʌltʃə]n.亚文化18.soapbox[ˈsəʊpbɒks]n.给人们提供公开发表言论机会的事物；公共演说者做临时演讲台的箱子19.alone[əˈləʊn]adv.仅仅；只20.perpetrator[ˈpɜːpətreɪtə]n.犯罪者；行凶者；作恶者21.including[ɪnˈkluːdɪŋ]prep.包括……在内22.killing[ˈkɪlɪŋ]n.谋杀23.post[pəʊst]vt.（在网站上）公布，发布（信息）n.网站上公布的信息；帖子24.beforehand[bɪˈfɔːhænd]adv.提前地；预先地25.declaration[ˌdekləˈreɪʃən]n.宣言；声明；公告26.hatred[ˈheɪtrɪd]n.憎恨；憎恶27.crafted/krɑːftɪd,kræftɪd/adj.精心制作的28.craft/krɑːft,kræft/vt.精心制作n.工艺，手艺29.statement[ˈsteɪtmənt]n.声明；说明30.censorship[ˈsensəʃɪp]n.审查；审查制度31.shocking[ˈʃɒkɪŋ]adj.骇人听闻的；令人震惊的32.authorities[ɔːˈθɒrətiz]n.（复数）当局；当权者／机构33.server[ˈsɜːvə]n.服务器【词块学习】请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。1.over