2024年高考英语核心考点精讲精练（新高考专用）考点10 阅读理解推理判断之作者的目的和意图

考点10阅读理解

推理判断之作者的目的和意图（核心考点精讲精练）

考情探究

1.三年真题考点分布

（点

题纵、推理判断之目的和意图

2023试卷类型设问考点

阅读理解

[2023年1月.浙江28.WhydoestheauthormentionNoaOvadiainthe目的和意图

卷】firstparagraph?【2023年1月•浙江卷】C

34.Whatisthepurposeofthelawsmentionedin

paragraph4?[2023年1月・浙江卷】D

[2023・新高考全国I26.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinmentioning目的和意图

卷]Fuzhou?[2023•新高考全国I卷]B

28.Whatisthebookaimedat?[2023•新高考全国

I卷]C

⑵）23•新高考全国n31.Whatdoestheauthorwanttosaybymentioning目的和意图

卷]thee-reader?[2023・新高考全国II卷]C

[2023•全国甲卷]29.Whydoestheauthorlistgreatphilosophersin目的和意图

Paragraph4?[2023•全国甲卷]C

[2023•全国乙卷]33.Whatdoestheauthorindicatebymentioning目的和意图

CaptainCookinParagraph2?[2023•全国乙卷]D

20222022•新高考I卷阅读B24.Whatdocstheauthorwanttoshowby目的和意图

tellingthearugulastory?

20212021•英语全国甲卷C篇30.10.Whydidtheauthorliketospendtimein目的和意图

SouthbankwhenhereturnedtoLondon?

2021•全国高考乙卷C篇29.Whydoestheauthordiscussplasticstraws目的和意图

inparagraph3?

2021•全国新高考ID篇33.Whydocstheauthormention“doctor”and目的和意图

“cheater"inparagraph2?

2021•全国新高考IID篇34.WhydoesPeteBondsstillhirecowboysto目的和意图

卷watchcattle?

2.命题规律及备考策略

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【命题规律】近3年新高考卷对于阅读理解中写作目的和意图题考查了12次。主要考查：

根据阅读文章整体或某一段落的内容推断写作目的和意图。写作目的和意图的方法：1.通过分析文章内容，断定文

章中作者写某些事实或例子的目的是什么；2.因为要判断作者的写作目的和意图，所以我们一定要站在作者的角度

看问题，把自己当成作者，你这样写是为了什么。

【备考策略】系统归类写作目的和意图的方法；熟练掌握阅读技能。

【命题预测】

通过阅读理解中，推断写作B的和意图考查考生的基本的写作思路，在新高考命题中仍然是考查重点。因此,

推断写作目的和意图的推理判断题，有可能在2024年高考中将成为高考阅读理解的重点题型。

考点梳理

【2024年高考命题预测】

推理判断之目的和意图考点是高考中的必考点。一篇发表的文宣总有其作者的写作目的和用意，他一定是为了

说明和第述一个观点或说服读者同意某个立场或观点。做这类题时，我们一定要站在作者的角度上看问题，把自己

当成作者。预测在2024高考中，FI的和意图会继续在高考阅读理解中呈现。

【推理判断之目的和意图考点指南】

规律方法：

常见的设问方式：

Whatisthemainpurposeoftheauthorwritingthetext?

Thepurposeofthetextistogetmorepeopleto.

Thewriterofthestorywantstotellusthat.

Thefact...ismentionedbytheauthortoshow.

Theauthorwritersthelastparagraphinorderto.

写作意图推断题要求考生根据文章的论述，揣测作者的写作意图及作者运用某种写作手法的目的。作者一般不

直接表明自己的意图，而是通过文章所提供的事实，客观地使读者信服某种想法或观点。这种题型要求考生不但能

理解文章的大意，同时还要具备对作者阐述问题的方法进行分析和归纳总结的能力。

一般来说，我们可以通过分析文章的文体特点，理解作者的词句选择和识别文章的语气来推断出作者的写作意

图。

☆典例弓I领

1.【2023年1月・浙江卷】C

Amachinecannownotonlybeatyouatchess,itcanalsooutperformyouindebate.Lastweek,inapublicdebatein

SanFrancisco,asoftwareprogramcalledProjectDebaterbeatitshumanopponents,includingNoaOvadia,Israel'sformer

nationaldebatingchampion.

Brilliantthoughitis.ProjectDebaterhassomeweaknesses.Ittakessentencesfromitslibraryofdocumentsand

prebuiltargumentsandstringsthemtogether.Thiscanleadtothekindsoferrorsnohumanwouldmake.Suchwrinkleswill

nodoubtbeironedout,yettheyalsopointtoafundamentalproblem.AsKristianHammond,professorofelectrical

engineeringandcomputerscienceatNorthwesternUniversity,putit:"There'sneverastageatwhichthesystemknows

2

whatit'stalkingabout.”

WhatHammondisreferringtoisthequestionofmeaning,andmeaningiscentraltowhatdistinguishestheleast

intelligenlofhumansfromthemostintelligentofmachines.Acomputerworkswithsymbols.Itsprogramspecifiesasetof

rulestotransformonestringofsymbolsintoanother.Butitdocsnotspecifywhatthosesymbolsmean.Indeed,toa

computer,meaningisirrelevant.Humans,inthinking,talking,readingandwriting,alsoworkwithsymbols.Butforhumans,

meaningiseverything.Whenwecommunicate,wecommunicatemeaning.Whatmattersisnotjusttheoutsideofastringof

symbols,buttheinsidetoo,notjusthowtheyarearrangedbutwhat(heymean.

Meaningemergesthroughaprocessofsocialinteraction,notofcomputation,interactionthatshapesthecontentofthe

symbolsinourheads.Therulesthatassignmeaninglienotjustinsideourheads,butalsooutside,insocie:y,insocial

memory,socialconventionsandsocialrelations.Itisthisthatdistinguisheshumansfrommachines.Andihal'swhy,

howeverastonishingProjectDebatermayseem,thetraditionthatbeganv/ithSocratesandConfuciuswillnotendwith

artificialintelligence.

28.WhydoestheauthormentionNoaOvadiainthefirstparagraph?

A.Toexplain(heuseofasoftwareprogram.

B.ToshowtheclevernessofProjectDebater.

C.TointroducethedesignerofProjectDebater.

D.Toemphasize(hefairnessof(hecompetition

【答案】28.B

【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍的是在辩论中战胜人类的名为ProjectDebater的软件程序。

28.推理判断题。根据第一段的“Lastweek,inapublicdebateinSanFrancisco,asoftwareprogramcalledProjectDebater

beatitshumanopponents,includingNoaOvadia,Israel'sformernationaldebatingchampion.(上周，在I日金山的——场公开

辩论中，一个名为ProjectDebater的软件程序击败了它的人类对手，其中包括以色列前全国辩论冠军NoaOvadia。r

可知，作者在第一段提到NoaOvadia的目的是展示ProjectDebater的聪明。故选B。

2.【2023年1月・浙江卷】D

AccordingtotheSolarEnergyIndustryAssociation,thenumberofsolarpanelsinstalled(安装)hasgrownrapidlyinthe

pastdecade,andithastogrowevenfastertomeetclimategoals.Butallofthatgrowthwilltakeupalotofspace,and

thoughmoreandmorepeopleaccepttheconceptofsolarenergy,fewlikelargesolarpanelstobeinstallednearthem.

Solardeveloperswanttoputuppanelsasquicklyandcheaplyaspossible,sotheyhaven'tgivenmuchthoughttowhat

theyputunderthem.Often,they'llendupfillingtheareawithsmallstonesandusingchemicalstocontrolweeds.The

resultisthatmanycommunities,especiallyinfarmingregions,seesolarfarmsasdestroyersofthesoil.

“Solarprojectsneedtobegoodneighbors,MsaysJordanMacknick,theheadoftheInnovativeSitePreparationand

ImpactReductionsontheEnvironment(lnSPIRE)project.4tTheyneedtobeprotectorsofthelandandcontributetothe

agriculturaleconomy."InSPIREisinvestigatingpracticalapproachesto“low-impact”solardevelopment,whichfocuseson

establishingandoperatingsolarfarmsinawaythatiskindertotheland.Oneoftheeasiestlow-impactsolarstrategiesis

providinghabitatforpollinators(传粉昆虫).

Habitatloss,pesticideuse,andclimatechangehavecauseddramaticdeclinesinpollinatorpopulationsoverthepast

coupleofdecades,whichhasdamagedtheU.S.agriculturaleconomy.Over28stateshavepassedlawsrelatedtopollinator

habitatprotectionandpesticideuse.Conservationorganizationsputoutpollinator-friendlinessguidelinesforhomegardens,

businesses,schools,cities—andnowthereareguidelinesforsolarfarms.

Overthepastfewyears,manysolarfarmdevelopershavetransformedthespaceundertheirsolarpanelsintoashelter

3

thattreatedsewage（污水）fromL600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterin

Fuzhou.acityinsoutheastChina.”可知，多年来,约翰做了许多重要的T作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理南

伯灵顿1600个家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水,由此可知，作者提及福

州的FI为是展示约翰的想法的应用。

4.［2023・新高考全国［卷］

C

Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksand

whyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecideit'srightfbryou.

Todoso.Idividedthebookintotwoparts.Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,

startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthatarcmakingsomanypeople'sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,before

movingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.

Partoneconcludesbyintroducingmysuggestedmethodforadoptingthisphilosophy:thedigitaldccluttcr.This

processrequiresyoutostepawayfromoptionalonlineactivitiesforthirtydays.Attheendofthethirtydays,youwillthen

addbackasmallnumberofcarefullychosenonlineactivitiesthatyoubelievewillprovidemassivebenefitstothethings

youvalue.

Inthefinalchapterofpartone,1'Hguideyouthroughcarryingoutyourowndigitaldeclutter.Indoingso,Tildrawon

anexperimentIranin2018inwhichover1,600peopleagreedtoperformadigitaldeclutter.You'llheartheseparticipants'

storiesandlearnwhatstrategiesworkedwellfbrthem,andwhattrapstheyencounteredthatyoushouldavoid.

Thesecondpartofthisbooktakesacloserlookatsomeideasthatwillhelpyoucultivate（培养）asustainabledigital

minimalismlifestyle.Inthesechapters,Iexamineissuessuchastheimportanceofsolitude（独处）andthenecessityof

cultivatinghigh-qualityleisuretoreplacethetimemostnowspendonmindlessdeviceuse.Eachchapterconcludeswitha

collectionofpractices,whicharcdesignedtohelpyouactonthebigideasofthechapter.Youcanviewthesepracticesasa

toolboxmeanttoaidyoureffortstobuildaminimalistlifestylethatworksfbryourparticularcircumstances.

（）28.Whatisthebookaimedat?

A.Teachingcriticalthinkingskills.

B.Advocatingasimpledigitallifestyle.

C.Solvingphilosophicalproblems.

□.Promotingtheuseofadigitaldevice.

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一本有关数字极简主义的书的具体内容。

28.B布理判断题。根据第一段"Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefbrdigitalininimalism,includingadetailed

explorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecideit'srightfbr

you”可知，这本书的目标是为数字极简主义辩护，包拈详细探索它的要求和为什么有效，然后如果你认为它适合你，教

你如何采用这种哲学，即这本书旨在倡导一种数字极简生活方式。

542023•新高考全国II卷］

C

ReadingArt:AnforBookLoversisacelebrationofaneverydayobject-thebook,representedhereinalmostthree

hundredartworksfrommuseumsaroundtheworld.Theimageofthereaderappearsthroughouthistory,inartmadelong

beforebooksaswcnowknowthemcameintobeing.Inartists'representationsofbooksandreading,weseemomentsof

sharedhumanitythatgobeyondcultureandtime.

Inthis“bookofbooks”,artworksareselectedandarrangedinawaythatemphasizestheseconnectionsbetween

5

differenterasandcultures.Weseescenesofchildrenlearningtoreadalhomeoratschool,withthebookasafocusfor

relationsbetweenthegenerations.Adultsareportrayed（描绘）aloneinmanysettingsandposes—absorbedinavolume,

deepinthoughtorlostinamomentofleisure.Thesescenesmayhavebsenpaintedhundredsofyearsago,buttheyrecord

momentswecanallrelateto.

Booksthemselvesmaybeusedsymbolicallyinpaintingstodemonstratetheintellect（才智），wealthorfaithofthe

subject.Beforethewideuseoftheprintingpress,booksweretreasuredobjectsandcouldbeworksofartintheirownright.

Morerecently,asbookshavebecomeinexpensiveoreventhrowaway,artistshaveusedthemastherawmaterialfor

artworks—transformingcovers,pagesorevencompletevolumesintopaintingsandsculptures.

Continueddevelopmentsincommunicationtechnologieswereoncebelievedtomaketheprintedpageoutdated.From

a21st-centurypointofview,theprintedbookiscertainlyancient,butitremainsasinteractiveasanybattery-powered

e-reader.Toserveitsfunction,abookmustbeactivatedbyauser:thecoveropened,thepagesparted,thecontentsreviewed,

perhapsnoteswrittendownorwordsunderlined.Andincontrasttoourincreasinglynetworkedliveswheretheinformation

weconsumeismonitoredandtracked,aprintedbookstilloffersthechanceofawhollyprivate,“ofMine“activity.

（）31.Whatdoestheauthorwanttosaybymentioningthee-reader?

A.Theprimedbookisnottotallyoutofdate.

B.Technologyhaschangedthewayweread.

C.Ourlivesinthe21stcenturyarenetworked.

D.Peoplenowrarelyhavethepatiencetoread.

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一本关于书本的书，该书通过来自世界各地博物馆的艺术作品展现了读书场

景在历史中的呈现和超越文化和时间的人性共同点。

31.A推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Continueddevelopmentsincominunicationtechnologieswereoncebelievedto

makeIkeprintedpageoutdated.Froma21sl-centurypointofview,theprintedbookiscertainlyancient,butitremainsas

interactiveasanybattery-powerede-reader."（过去曾经认为持续发展的通讯技术将使印刷页面过时。从21世纪的角度

来看，印刷书籍确实是古老的，但它仍然像任何电池供电的电子阅读器一样具有互动性。）可推知，作者提到电子阅读器

是为了说明印刷的书并没有完全过时。故选A项。

6.[2023•全国甲卷]

C

Iwasabout13whenanunclegavemeacopyofJosteinGaardersSophiesWorld.Ilwasfullofideasthatwerenew

tome,soIspentthesummerwithmyheadinandoutofthatbook.Itspoketomeandbroughtmeintoaworldof

philosophy（哲学）.

ThatloveforphilosophylasteduntilIgottocollege.Nothingkillstheloveforphilosophyfasterthanpeoplewhothink

theyunderstandFoucault,Baudrillard.orConfuciusbelterthanyou—and（hentrytoexplainthem.

EricWcincrLsTheSocratesExpress:InSearchofLifeLessonsfromDeadPhilosophersreawakenedmylovefor

philosophy.Itisnotanexplanation,butaninvitationtothinkandexperiencephilosophy.

Weinerstartseachchapterwithasceneonatrainridebetweencitiesandthenframeseachphilosophersworkinthe

context（背景）ofonethingtheycanhelpusdobetter.TheendresultisareadinwhichwelearntowonderlikeSocrates,see

likeThoreau,listenlikeSchopenhauer,andhavenoregretslikeNietzsche.This,morethanabookaboutunderstanding

philosophy,isabookaboutlearningtousephilosophytoimprovealife.

Hemakesphilosophicalthoughtanappealingexercisethatimprovesthequalityofourexperiences,andhedoesso

withplentyofhumour.Weinerentersintoconversationwithsomeofthemostimportantphilosophersinhistory,andhe

6

becomespartofthatcrowdintheprocessbydecoding（解读）theirmessagesandaddinghisowninterpretation.

TheSocratesExpressisafun,sharpbookthatdrawsreadersinwithitsapparentsimplicityandgraduallypullsthemin

deeperthoughtsondesire,loneliness,andaging.Theinvitationisclear:Weinerwantsyoutopickupacoffeeorteaandsit

downwiththisbook.Iencourageyoutotakehisoffer.Itsworthyourtime,eveniftimeissomethingwedonUthavealot

of.

（）29.WhydoestheauthorlistgreatphilosophersinParagraph4?

A.TocompareWeinerwiththem.

B.Togiveexamplesofgreatworks.

C.Topraisetheirwritingskills.

D.TohelpreadersunderstandWeiner：sbook.

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。作者向读者介绍了EricWeiner的哲学书TheSocratesExpress。

29.D推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Weinerstartseachchapterwithasceneonatrainridebetweencitiesandthen

frameseachphilosopherQsworkinthecontexl（背景）ofonethingtheycanhelpusdobetter.Theendresultisareadin

whichv/elearn（owonderlikeSocrates,seelikeThoreau,listenlikeSchopenhauer,andhavenoregretslikeNietzsche.This,

morethanabookaboutunderstandingphilosophy,isabookaboutlearningtousephilosophytoimproveali电”可知，韦纳

书中的花一章都以城市之间的火车旅行场景开始，然后他介绍每个哲学家的作品和一件他们可以帮助我们做得更好

的事情，最终的结果是，我们学会了像苏格拉底•样思考,像梭罗•样看待事情，像叔本华一样倾听，像尼采那样没有遗

憾。这不仅仅是一本关于理解哲学的书，更是一本关于学习使用哲学来改善生活的书。由此可推知，作者列出伟大的

哲学家是为了帮助读者理解Weiner的书。故选D。

7.[2023全国乙卷]

D

Ifyouwanttotellthehistoryofthewholeworld,ahistorythatdoesnotprivilegeonepartofhumanity,youcannotdo

itthroughtextsalone,becauseonlysomeoftheworldhaseverhadtexts,whilemostoftheworld,formostofthetime,has

not.WritingisoneofhumanityIslaterachicvcmcnts.anduntilfairlyrecentlyevenmanyliterate（有文字的）societies

recordedtheirconcernsnotonlyinwritingbutinthings.

Ideallyahistorywouldbringtogethertextsandobjects,andsomechaptersofthisbookareabletodojustthat,butin

manycaseswesimplycanLt.Theclearestexampleofthisbetweenliterateandnon-literatehistoryisperhapsthefirst

conflict,atBotanyBay,betweenCaptainCooksvoyageandtheAustralianAboriginals.FromtheEnglishside,wehave

scientificreportsandthecaptainIsrecordofthatterribleday.FromtheAustralianside,wchaveonlyawoodenshield（盾）

droppedbyamaninflightafterhisfirstexperienceofgunshot.Ifwewanttoreconstructwhatwasactuallygoingonthat

day,theshieldmustbequestionedandinlerpreledasdeeplyandstrictlyasthewrittenreports.

Inadditiontotheproblemofmiscomprehensionfrombothsides,therearevictoriesaccidentallyordeliberatelytwisted,

especiallywhenonlythevictorsknowhowtowrite.ThosewhoareonthelosingsideoftenhaveonlyIheirthingstotell

theirstories.TheCaribbeanTaino,theAustralianAboriginals,theAfricanpeopleofBeninandtheIncas,allofwhom

appearinthisbook,canspeaktousnowoftheirpastachievementsmostpowerfullythroughtheobjectstheymade:ahistory

toldthroughthingsgivesthembackavoice.Whenweconsidercontact（联系）betweenliterateandnon-li（eratesocieties

suchasthese,allourfirst-handaccountsarenecessarilytwisted,onlyonehalfofadialogue.Ifwearetofindtheotherhalf

ofthatconversation,wchavetoreadnotjustthetcxts,buttheobjects.

（）33.Whaidoes（heauthorindicatebymentioningCaptainCookinParagraph2?

A.Hisreportwasscientific.

7

B.Herepresentedthelocalpeople.

C.HeruledoverBotanyBay.

D.Hisrecordwasone-sided.

【文章大意】本文出自一本书的节选，探讨了历史记录中文本与物品之间的关系,指出仅凭文本无法全面记录历史，

文章提到了物品记录历史的重要性，它在提供双方信息平衡方面具有重要意义。

33.D推理判断题。根据第二段中"FromtheEnglishside,wchavescientificreportsandthecaptainsrecordofthat

terribleday.FromtheAustralianside,wehaveonlyawoodenshield（盾）droppedbyamaninflightafterhisfirstexperience

ofgunshot.”可知，从英国方面，我们有科学报告和船长对那个可怕的日子的记录。从澳洲方面，我们只有一个被一个人

在初次经历了枪击后逃跑时扔下的木盾。由此可推知，作者在第二段提及库克船长是为了说明他的记录只是单方面的。

故选D项。

8.B【2022・新高考I卷】

Likemostofus,Itrytobemindfuloffoodthatgoestowaste.Thearugula（芝麻菜）wastomakeanicegreensalad,

roundingoutaroastchickendinner.ButIendedupworkinglate.Thenfriendscalledwithadinnerinvitation.Istuckthe

chickeninthefreezer.Butasdayspassed,thearugulawentbad.Evenworse,Ihadunthinkinglyboughtwaytoomuch;I

couldhavemadesixsaladswithwhatIthrewout.

Inaworldwherenearly800millionpeopleayeargohungry,44foodwastegoesagainstthemoralgrainJasElizabeth

Roytewritesinthismonth'scoverstory.It'sjaw-droppinghowmuchperfectlygoodfoodisthrownaway—fiom“ugly”

（butquiteeatable）vegetablesrejectedbygrocerstolargeamountsofuneatendishesthrownintorestaurantgarbagecans.

Producingfoodthatnooneeatswastesthewater,fuel,andotherresourcesusedtogrowit.Thatmakesfoodwastean

environmentalproblem.Infact,Roytewrites,“iffoodwastewereacountry,itwouldbethethirdlargestproducerof

greenhousegasesintheworld.”

Ifthat'shardtounderstand,let'skeepitassimpleasthearugulaatthebackofmyrefrigerator.MikeCurtinseesmy

arugulastoryallthetime—butforhim,it'smorelike12bonesofdonatedstrawberriesnearingtheirlastdays.Curtinis

CEOofDCCentralKitcheninWashington,D.C.,whichrecoversfo（xland（urnsitintohealthymeals.Lastyearit

recoveredmorethan807,500poundsoffoodbytakingdonationsandcollectingblemished（有瑕疵的）producethat

otherwisewouldhaverottedinfields.Andthestrawberries?Volunteerswillwash,cut,andfreezeordrythemfbrusein

mealsdowntheroad.

Suchmethodsseemobvious,yetsooftenwejustdon'tihink."Everyonecanplayapartinreducingwaste,whetherby

notpurchasingmorefoodthannecessaryinyourweeklyshoppingorbyaskingrestaurantstonotincludethesidedishyou

won'teat,“Curtinsays.

4.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytellingthearugulastory?

A.Wepaylittleattentiontofoodwaste.B.Wewastefoodunintentionallyattimes.

C.Wcv/astcmorevegetablesthanmeat.D.Wchavegoodreasonsforwastingfood.

【答案】4.B

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我们日常生活中的食物浪费现象以及华盛顿DC中央厨房的首席执行官科

廷为解决食物浪费而采取的努力。

4.B推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“Likemostofus,Itrytobemindfuloffoodthatgoestowasle.（像我们大多数人

一样，我努力关注那些被浪费的食物厂及"Butasdayspassed,theanigulawentbad.Evenworse,Ihadunthinkingly

boughtwaytoomuch;couldhavemadesixsaladswithwhat1threwout.（但随着时间的推移，芝麻菜变坏了。更糟糕的

是，我不假思索地买了太多东西；我扔掉的东西可以做六份沙拉厂可推知，作者想通过讲述芝麻菜的故事来表明我

8

们有时会无意间浪费食物。故选B。

9.C【2020・全国新高考I山东卷】

Inthemid-1990s,TomBisselltaughtEnglishasavolunteerinUzbekistan.Heleftaftersevenmonths,physically

brokenandhavinglosthismind.Afewyearslater,stillattractedtothecountry,hereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticle

aboutthedisappearanceoftheAralSea.

Hisvisit,however,endedupinvolvingalotmorethanthat.Hencethisbook.ChasingtheSea:LostAmongtheGhosts

ofEmpireinCentralAsia,whichtalksaboutaroadtripfromTashkenttoKarakalpakstan,wheremillionsofliveshavebeen

destroyedbytheslowdryingupofthesea.ItisthestoryofanAmericantravellingtoastrangeland,andofthepeoplehe

meetsonhisway:Rustam,histranslator,alovely24-year-oldwhopickeduphiscolorfulEnglishinCalifornia,Olegand

Natasha,hishostsinTashkent,andastringofforeignaidworkers.

ThisisaquicklookatlifeinUzbekistan,madeoffriendlinessandwarmth,butalsoitsdarkersideofsociety.In

Samarkand,MrBisselladmiresthearchitecturalwonders,whileonhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolicemethods

whensuspectedofdrugdealing.InFerghana,heattendsamountainfuneral(葬礼)followedbyastrangedrinkingparty.And

inKarakalpakstan,heissaddenedbytheduststorms,diseasesandfishingboatsstuckmilesfromthesea.

MrBissellskillfullyorganizeshistoricalinsightsandculturalreferences,makinghistaleawell-roundedpictureof

Uzbekistan,seenfromWesterneyes.HisjudgmentandreferencesaredecidedlyAmerican,aswellashisdelicatestomach.

Astheauthorexplains,thisisneitheratravelnorahistorybook,orevenapieceofreportage.Whateveritis,theresultisa

fineandvividdescriptionofthepurestofCentralAsiantraditions.

11.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?

A.Tointroduceabook.B.Toexplainaculturalphenomenon.

C.Torememberawriter.D.lbrecommendatraveldestination.

【答案】11.A

【解析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了Bissell写的《追逐大海:迷失在中亚帝国的幽灵》这本书。这本书是Bissell在

乌兹别克斯坦做志愿者后写的，是对乌兹别克斯坦人生活的一个快速观察。

II.推理判断题。文章第一段提到书的作者的乌兹别克斯坦之行，引出他写的书，接下来三段讲述了他的书《追逐

大海:迷失在中亚帝国的幽灵》的故事内容，是乌兹别克斯坦生活的一个快速观察。因此推断本文的写作H的是介绍

一本书°故选A。

即时检测

1.12023届福建省福州市普通高中毕业班5月质量检测】

Duringthesummerof2021,BeverlyWaxhadanexperiencethatfilledherwithawe.Itwasthesightofherson,Justin,

dragginga36-kilogramportableairconditionerupstairs.Beverly'scentralairconditioninghadstoppedworkinginthe

middleofa32℃heatwave.Shehadmentionedtohersonandhe'dshownupasasurprise.Asshewatchedhimsweatand

strugglewhilefixingit,shefeltawaveofgratitudeandappreciation.

Aweisthatfeelingwegetwhensomethingissovastthatitstopsusinourtracks.Often,itchallengesorexpandsour

thinking.Researchshowsthataweexperiencesdecreasestressandincreaseoverallsatisfaction.Itcanalsohelpour

relationships,makingusfeelmoresympatheticandlessgreedy,moresupportedbyandmorelikelytohelpothers.

Mostofusassociateawewithsomethingrareandbeautiful:nature,musicoraspirilualexperience.Butpeoplecan

bringaboutawe,andnotjustpublicheroes.Often,thisinterpersonalaweisaresponsetolife'sbig,sweepingchanges.We

canbeawedbyournearestanddearest—(hepeoplesittingnexttousonthesofa,orchattingon(hephone.Butithappens

9

insmallermoments,loo.JohnBargh,apsychologist,saidhewastrulyawestruckbyhisthen-five-year-olddaughie匚When

sheheardanotherchildcrying,shegrabbedhertoy,walkedovertotheboyandhandedittohim.

Unfortunately,wecan'tmakesomeoneelsebehaveinawaythafsawesome.Butwecanprepareourselvestonoticeit

whentheydo—andtakestepstoboosttheemotion'spositiveeffects.

4.WhydoesthewritertellBeverly'sstory?

A.Toshowsympathyforher.B.Tociteanexampleofawe.

C.Toexpressappreciationtoherson.D.Tostartadiscussionaboutawe.

5.Whatisthebenefitofawe?

A.Itstopsouranxiety.B.simplifiesourthinking.

C.Itsatisfiesregularneeds.D.Itpromotespositiveemotions.

6.Inwhichsituationcanwefeelawedbetweenthenearest?

A.Admiringsceneryinanationalpark.

B.Enjoyingclassicmusicinaconcerthall.

C.Receivingacallfromalong-lostfriend.

D.Gettingthesignatureofafamousathlete.

7.Whatcanbeimpliedfromthelastparagraph?

A.Ariseinlimeoftrouble.

B.Behaveinanawesomeway.

C.Senseamazementindailylife.

D.Increasechanceoffindingawe.

【答案】4.B5.D6.C7