陕西省宝鸡市金台区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末检测英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1陕西省宝鸡市金台区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末检测英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whywasthewomanlate?A.Shelostherbike.B.Shewalkedtotheoffice.C.Shegotlost.2.Whatkindofmusicdoesthewomanlikethemost?A.Popmusic.B.Jazzmusic.C.Classicalmusic.3.Whatdoweknowabouttheweather?A.Itisabouttorain.B.Therainwillstopsoon.C.Ithasbeenrainingallday.4.Howmuchmoneywillthemanlendthewoman?A.$15.B.$25.C.$40.5.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Jackisthebossthere.B.Jackgivesorderslikeaboss.C.Jackdoesagoodjobintheoffice.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Chooseauniversity.B.Visitaschool.C.Studyabroad.7.Whatshouldn’tthemando?A.Writesomeletters.B.Sendsomee-mails.C.Contactsomestudents.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。8.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fatheranddaughter.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Colleagues(同事).9.Whatdoesthewomando?A.Anartist.B.Astudent.C.Ateacher.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。10.WhatisJuliedoing?A.Beinginterviewed.B.Attendingaclass.C.Takingpartinaquiz.11.Howmanymusclesdoesacathaveineachear?A.32.B.34.C.58.12.WhatprizedoesJulieget?A.Apackagetour(包价旅游)worth$30,000.B.$30,000andafreesix-daytrip.C.Afinesetofbooksonhomerepairs.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.HowmanymasterpiecesofChinahasthemanread?A.Onlyone.B.Three.C.Four.14.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.History.B.Language.C.Reading.15.Whatdotheythinkisabigproblem?A.Choosingclassicbooks.B.Listingallthebooks.C.Findingrecommended(推荐)books.16.Whatdotheythinkisnecessarytodo?A.LearnWesternculture.B.Predictthelifein1,000years.C.Keepthebestofhistory.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.HowdoesKatefeelaboutherjob?A.Hardbutinteresting.B.Easybuttiring.C.Difficultbuthappy.18.WhatwillKatedonextmonth?A.GotoAfrica.B.Visitanursinghome.C.Goonvacation.19.Whatisthephonenumber?A.242-395-8847.B.242-359-8874.C.242-359-8847.20.WhatdoesKateaskpeopletodo?A.Bekindtotheold.B.Donatesomemoney.C.Careaboutkids.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASinceteaspreadfromChinaworldwide,ithasbecomeoneofthemostpopulardrinksintheworld.Differentcountrieshavetheirownteacultures,likeafternoonteainEngland.ThetraditionofafternoonteaisaveryspecialpartofEnglishculture.ThecustomofdrinkingteabecamepopularinEnglandduringthe1660s.Itwasnotuntilthemid-19thcenturythattheideaof“afternoontea”firstappeared.Afternoonteaisservedinthemid-afternoon,betweenlunchandalatedinner.TheideacamefromAnna,theseventhDuchess(公爵夫人)ofBedford,in1840.Atthetime,manyfamilieswouldeatalatedinneratabout8p.m.,whichwasoneofonlytwomainmealseachday,andtheotherwasamid-morningmeal.Withalongtimebetweenbreakfastanddinner,Annawouldbecomehungryaround4o’clockintheafternoon.Sosheaskedsometea,bread,butterandcakestobebroughttoherroomduringthelateafternoon.Thisbecameahabitofhersandshebeganinvitingfriendstojoinher.Later,Annacontinuedit,sendingcardstoherfriendsaskingthemtojoinherfor“teaandawalkinginthefields”.Otherssoonpickedupontheidea.Bythe1880s,afternoonteabecameaneventformanyladies.Theywouldbedressedbeautifullytobeservedinthesittingroombetweenfourandfiveo’clock,talkingaboutthelatestnews,theirdailylifeandfashion.Today’safternoonteaissimplerthantraditionalafternoontea.Itisjustabiscuitorsmallcakeandacupoftea.However,thereisonethingthathasneverchanged-themeaningofafternoontea.1.Whendidtheideaof“afternoontea”firstappearinEngland?A.Inthe1660s. B.Inthe1880s.C.Inthemid-19thcentury. D.Inthe1840s.2.WhydidAnnaaskforteaandcakesintheafternoonatfirst?A.Becauseshefelthungry. B.Becausesheloveddrinkingtea.C.Becausesheneededtotreatfriends. D.Becauseshewantedtochangethemeaningofafternoontea.3.Whatcanweinfer(推断)fromthepassage?A.Afternoonteahasspreadallovertheworld.B.Peopleusedtodrinkteamoreoftenthannow.C.Afternoonteagivespeopleachancetocommunicate.D.Womenlikeafternoonteamuchmorethanmen.【答案】1.C2.A3.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要讲了英国的下午茶文化的起源于发展，文章指出，在历史的进程中，下午茶的意义从来没有改变。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“

Itwasnotuntilthemid-19thcenturythattheideaof“afternoontea”firstappeared.(直到19世纪中期，“下午茶”的概念才首次出现。)”可知，在英国，直到19世纪中期，“下午茶”的概念才首次出现。故选C。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Withalongtimebetweenbreakfastanddinner,Annawouldbecomehungryaround4o’clockintheafternoon.Sosheaskedsometea,bread,butterandcakestobebroughttoherroomduringthelateafternoon.Thisbecameahabitofhersandshebeganinvitingfriendstojoinher.(由于早餐和晚餐之间有很长一段时间，安娜在下午4点左右会感到饥饿。所以她要求在下午晚些时候把茶、面包、黄油和蛋糕送到她的房间。这成了她的一种习惯，她开始邀请朋友一起去。)”可知，安娜刚开始在下午吃蛋糕和喝茶是因为早餐和晚餐之间有很长一段时间，她在下午4点左右会感到饥饿。故选A。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Theywouldbedressedbeautifullytobeservedinthesittingroombetweenfourandfiveo’clock,talkingaboutthelatestnews,theirdailylifeandfashion.(她们会穿着漂亮的衣服，在4点到5点之间在客厅里被招待，谈论最新的新闻，她们的日常生活和时尚。)”可知，下午茶给人们一个交流的机会。故选C。BAucklandisNewZealand’slargesturbanareawithapopulationofjustoveramillion.Itisnot,however,thecapital,althoughitwasatonetime,untilthecapitalmovedtoWellington.Aucklandisthecentreofcommerceandindustry,andisperhapsthemostenergetic,prosperousandmulticulturalcityinNewZealand.Thecity’slandscapeisdecidedbyvolcanos,thetwinharbors,bays,beachesandislands.Itsnickname“thecityofsails”isverysuitable.Aucklandhasmoreboatsforeachpersonthananywhereelseintheworld.Aucklandhasmanyvolcanos,manyofwhichcurrentlyaffordgreatviewsofthecity.AndAuckland’sshinywatersseemtoattractpeoplefromeverypoint.Itisawater-lovers’bestplace,withsomeofthebestbeaches,forswimming,diving,fishing,sailing,windsurfingandwatersportsinthecountry.WellingtonisthecapitalcityofNewZealand.Itisalsothecultural,administrativeandpoliticalcentreofthecountry.Twoaspectsofthecitythatwillimmediatelystrikeanyvisitoraretheharborandhillylandscape.Everywhereyougo,thesoundsandthesmelloftheoceanhangintheair,andgreenhillsandvalleyswrapyouinabearhug.Atnight,Wellingtonoffersaspectacular,shimmeringcityscapethatisunlikealmostanywhereelseintheworld.Evenafterseeingitforahundredtimes,itstilltakesyourbreathaway.Wellingtonisascenic,windyanddiverseplace.Ithassomeofthebestmuseums,artgalleries,restaurantsandcoffeehousesinthecountry.Itisthestorehouseforthenation’shistoric,culturalandartistictreasures.BeingthefirstplacewhereEuropeansettlersarrived,italsoboastslotsofhistoricstreetsandbuildings.Wellingtonplayshosttoanexcellentfestivaloftheartseverytwoyears.4.Fromthepassage,weknowthatAucklandusedto________.A.hostafestivaloftheartsB.affordgreatviewsofthecityC.bethecapitalofNewZealandD.havemoreboatsthananyothercountryintheworld5.AucklandisthebestcityinNewZealandforpeopleto________.A.seegreenhillsB.dowatersportsC.studyNewZealandcultureD.visithistoricstreetsandbuildings6.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthecityscapeinWellington?A.Critical. B.Neutral.C.Favourable. D.Indifferent.7.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.AucklandandWellingtonB.WelcometoNewZealandC.TheCapitalofNewZealandD.TheLandscapeofNewZealand【答案】4.C5.B6.C7.A【语篇解读】文章为说明文。整篇文章介绍了新西兰曾经的首都Auckland和现在的首都Wellington的特点。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“AucklandisNewZealand’slargesturbanareawithapopulationofjustoveramillion.Itisnot,however,thecapital,althoughitwasatonetime,untilthecapitalmovedtoWellington.(奥克兰是新西兰最大的城市，人口只有100多万。然而，它不是首都，尽管它曾经是首都，直到首都迁至惠灵顿。)”可知，新西兰曾经以Auckland为首都。故选C项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“AndAuckland’sshinywatersseemtoattractpeoplefromeverypoint.Itisawater-lovers’bestplace,withsomeofthebestbeaches,forswimming,diving,fishing,sailing,windsurfingandwatersportsinthecountry.(奥克兰闪亮的海水似乎吸引着四面八方的人们。它是水上爱好者的最佳去处，拥有一些最好的海滩，适合游泳、潜水、钓鱼、帆船运动、帆板运动和水上运动。)”可知，Auckland是水上运动爱好者的最佳去处，周边海域适合多项水上运动。故选B项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Twoaspectsofthecitythatwillimmediatelystrikeanyvisitoraretheharborandhillylandscape.Everywhereyougo,thesoundsandthesmelloftheoceanhangintheair,andgreenhillsandvalleyswrapyouinabearhug.Atnight,Wellingtonoffersaspectacular,shimmeringcityscapethatisunlikealmostanywhereelseintheworld.Evenafterseeingitforahundredtimes,itstilltakesyourbreathaway.(这座城市有两个方面会立即打动任何游客，那就是港口和丘陵景观。无论你走到哪里，空气中都弥漫着海洋的声音和气味，绿色的山丘和山谷将你紧紧拥抱。晚上，惠灵顿呈现出一种壮观的、闪闪发光的城市景观，这与世界上几乎其他任何地方都不同。即使看了一百遍，它仍然美得让你窒息。)”可知，作者描述的惠灵顿极其美丽，作者很喜爱惠灵顿的城市风光。故选C项。【7题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，文章介绍了新西兰曾经的首都Auckland和现在的首都Wellington的特点。因此最佳标题是这两个城市，即A项“奥克兰和惠灵顿”。故选A项。CISYOURHOMESAFE?Yourhomecanbeadangerousplace,butbymakingitsaferyoucanpreventaccidents.Thekitchen,bathroom,andbedroomarewheremostaccidentshappen.Thesecanincludefalls,fires,poisoning,cuts,hotwaterburns,andelectricshocks.THEKITCHENPeoplemayslipwhentheflooriswet,somakesuretheflooriskeptdry.Alwayscutawayfromyourbodywhenyouuseaknife.Followinstructionsforallelectricalappliances.Unplugallappliancesafteruse.THEBEDROOM•Neversmokeinbed.•Keepalampnearthebed.•Haveatelephonenearthebed,especiallywhenyou’refeelingill.•Don’trunelectricalwiresundercarpets.THEBATHROOM•Don’tpluginanelectricalapplianceoruseonewhilestandinginwater.•Don’tuseahairdryernearabathcontainingwater.•Keepthebathroomfloordry.•Makesurethatyourhotwaterheaterissetatalowtemperature.PREVENTINGFIRESFirescancauseterribledamagetoyourhomeandterribleinjuriestopeople.Ifthereisafire,yourfirstpriorityisgettingeveryoneoutofthehousesafely,andthencallingforhelp.Nevergobackintoaburningbuildingtosaveyourthings.•Buyclothes,curtains,andtoysthatdonotburneasily.•Useheatersverycarefully,astheycansetobjectsonfire.•Placethemawayfromfurniture.•Whencooking,donotletoiltouchthefireorothersourcesofheat.•Checkelectricalwiresanumberoftimeseachyeartomakesuretheyareingoodcondition.•Switchoffyourgasandelectricitywhenyouwillbeawayfromhomeforalongtime.•Makesureyourhomeisequippedwithfireextinguishers.CHILDRENANDHOMESAFETYHomesarenotalwayssafeplacesforyoungchildren.Beingcurious,theymaysticktheirfingersorobjectsintodangerousplacesandendupsufferingfromelectricshocksorgettingburnt.Inaddition,theymaytrytoeatordrinkanythingtheycanfind,whetheritisfoodornot.Forthesereasons,itisimportanttomakeyourhomesafeifyouhaveyoungchildrenabout.•Keepmatchesoutofthereachofchildren.•Storeallcleaningmaterialsinalockedcupboard.•Neverleaveasmallchildaloneinthebath.•Putcoversoverelectricaloutlets.•Keepallmedicinesoutofthereachofchildren.MAKINGYOURHOMESAFEFORTHEELDERLYTheelderlypresentspecialchallenges,astheymayhavetroublemovingaboutandcanbeseriouslyhurtinfalls.Ifyouhaveanelderlypersoninyourhome,youmayneedtotakesomeextrameasurestomakeyourhomesafer.•Makesurethatpassageswithinthehomearekeptclear.•Putnon-slipbathmatsinandnexttothebathandshower.•Puthandrailsalongpassagewallsandinthebathroom.8.Whichisnotincludedinthecommonaccidentsaroundthehouse?A.Smoking. B.Falls. C.Electricshocks. D.Poisoning.9.Wecanmakeourhomesaferfortheelderlyby____.A.storingallcleaningmaterialsinalockedcupboard.B.puttinghandrailsalongpassagewallsandinthebathroom.C.followinginstructionsforallelectricalappliances.D.keepingthebathroomfloordry.10.Accordingtothepassage,whichstatementisnottrue?A.Youshouldmakesurethatyourhotwaterissetatalowtemperature.B.Youshouldn’trunelectricalwiresundercarpets.C.Youshouldkeepallmedicinesoutofthereachofchildren.D.Youdon’thavetohaveyourhomeequippedwithfireextinguisher.11.Wheredoyouthinkthetextcomes?A.Newspaper. B.Anadvertisement.C.Ahome-safetymanual(使用手册). D.TheInternet.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了家中常见的安全隐患以及避免这些危险的方法。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Thesecanincludefalls,fires,poisoning,cuts,hotwaterburns,andelectricshocks.(这些可能包括跌倒、火灾、中毒、割伤、热水烧伤和触电。)”可知，吸烟不包括在家里常见的事故中。故选A。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据MAKINGYOURHOMESAFEFORTHEELDERLY部分的“Ifyouhaveanelderlypersoninyourhome,youmayneedtotakesomeextrameasurestomakeyourhomesafer.(如果你家里有老人，你可能需要采取一些额外的措施来使你的家更安全。)”和“Puthandrailsalongpassagewallsandinthebathroom.(在走廊墙壁和浴室内设置扶手。)”可知，我们可以在走廊墙壁和浴室里安装扶手，使我们的家对老年人更安全。故选B。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据PREVENTINGFIRES部分的“Makesureyourhomeisequippedwithfireextinguishers.(确保你的家里配备了灭火器。)”可知，D项：Youdon’thavetohaveyourhomeequippedwithfireextinguisher.(你不必在家里安装灭火器。)表述错误。故选D。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Yourhomecanbeadangerousplace,butbymakingitsaferyoucanpreventaccidents.Thekitchen,bathroom,andbedroomarewheremostaccidentshappen.Thesecanincludefalls,fires,poisoning,cuts,hotwaterburns,andelectricshocks.(你的家可能是一个危险的地方，但通过使它更安全，你可以防止事故的发生。厨房、浴室和卧室是发生事故最多的地方。这些可能包括跌倒、火灾、中毒、割伤、热水烧伤和触电。)”及下文内容可知，文章主要介绍了家中常见的安全隐患以及避免这些危险的方法。由此可推知，文章最有可能出自一个家庭安全使用手册。故选C。DJOHNSNOWDEFEATS“KINGCHOLERA”Cholerausedtobeoneofthemostfeareddiseasesintheworld,untilaBritishdoctor,JohnSnow,showedhowitcouldbeovercome.Thisillnesscausesseverediarrhoea,dehydration,andevendeath.Intheearly19thcentury,whenanoutbreakofcholerahitEurope,millionsofpeoplediedfromthedisease.Asayoungdoctor,JohnSnowbecamefrustratedbecausenooneknewhowtopreventortreatcholera.Intime,herosetobecomeafamousdoctor,andevenattendedtoQueenVictoriawhenshegavebirth.However,heneverlosthisdesiretodestroycholeraonceandforall.Ingeneral,doctorsinthosedayshadtwocontradictorytheoriestoexplainhowcholeraspread.Onetheorywasthatbadaircausedthedisease.Theotherwasthatcholerawascausedbyaninfectionfromgermsinfoodorwater.Snowsubscribedtothesecondtheory.Itwascorrect,buthestillneededproof.Consequently,whenanoutbreakofcholerahitLondonin1854,Snowbegantoinvestigate.Hediscoveredthatintwoparticularstreetsthecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethatmorethan500peoplediedintendays.Hewasdeterminedtofindoutwhy.Snowbeganbymarkingonamaptheexactplaceswhereallthosewhodiedhadlived.ThereweremultipledeathsnearthewaterpumpinBroadStreet(especiallyhousenumbers16,37,38,and40).However,somehouseholds(suchas20and21BroadStreet,and8and9CambridgeStreet)hadhadnodeaths.Thesepeopleworkedinthepubat7CambridgeStreet.Theyhadbeengivenfreebeer,andsohadnotdrunkthewaterfromthepump.Snowsuspectedthatthewaterpumpwastoblame.Whatismore,inanotherpartofLondon,awomanandherdaughterhaddiedofcholeraaftermovingawayfromBroadStreet.Itseemedthatthewomanlikedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehaditdeliveredtoherhouseeveryday.Asaresultofthisevidence,JohnSnowwasabletoannouncethatthepumpwatercarriedcholeragerms.Accordingly,hehadthehandleofthepumpremovedsothatitcouldnotbeused.Throughthisintervention,thediseasewasstoppedinitstracks.ThetruthwasthatthewaterfromtheBroadStreetpumphadbeeninfectedbywaste.Moreover,SnowwaslaterabletoshowalinkbetweenothercasesofcholeraandthedifferentwatercompaniesinLondon.SomecompaniessoldwaterfromtheRiverThamesthatwaspollutedbyrawwaste.Thepeoplewhodrankthiswaterweremuchmorelikelytogetcholerathanthosewhodrankpureorboiledwater.ThroughSnow’stirelessefforts,watercompaniesbegantosellcleanwater,andthethreatofcholeraaroundtheworldsawasubstantialdecrease.However,choleraisstillaproblem.Eachyear,millionsofpeoplearoundtheworldgetcholeraandmanydiefromit.Fortunately,wenowknowhowtopreventcholera,thankstotheworkofJohnSnow.Moreover,inhisuseofmapsandstatistics,Snowtransformedthewayscientistsstudydiseases.Forthisreason,Snowisconsideredthefatherofmodernepidemiology.12.WhatdidSnowthinkcholeracausedby?A.Germsinbadair. B.Germsinfood.C.Germsinfoodorwater. D.Germsinwater.13.WhatwasthemostimportanttoolSnowusedtodefeatcholera?A.Microscope. B.Mapsandstatistics. C.Pump. D.Beer.14.HowhasJohnSnow’sworkaffectedourdailylives?A.Snow’sworkhasprovidedreadilyavailablecleanwatertodrink,forexample,aswellasanemphasisonhygienesuchastheneedtowashhandsaftertheybecomedirty.B.Hisworkshowedhowtopreventcholeraepidemics.C.Hisworktransformedthewayscientistsstudydiseases,whichhasallowedformoreprotectionfromoncecommondiseasessuchascholera.D.Allabove.15.Atwhichstageisthat“Snowmarkedonamaptheplaceswherethepeoplewhodiedhadlived”inJohnSnow’sinvestigation?A.Process. B.Theories. C.Solution. D.Conclusion.【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了JohnSnow如何通过调查研究，发现霍乱的传播途径，并成功地阻止了一场霍乱疫情的爆发。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Theotherwasthatcholerawascausedbyaninfectionfromgermsinfoodorwater.Snowsubscribedtothesecondtheory.(另一种理论是霍乱是由食物或水中的细菌感染引起的。斯诺赞同第二种理论。)”可知，Snow认为霍乱是由食物或水中的细菌感染引起的。故选C。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Moreover,inhisuseofmapsandstatistics,Snowtransformedthewayscientistsstudydiseases.(此外，斯诺运用地图和统计数据，改变了科学家研究疾病的方式。)”可知，地图和数据是斯诺用来战胜霍乱的最重要的工具。故选B。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“ThroughSnow’stirelessefforts,watercompaniesbegantosellcleanwater,andthethreatofcholeraaroundtheworldsawasubstantialdecrease.(通过斯诺的不懈努力，自来水公司开始销售干净的水，世界各地的霍乱威胁大大减少。)”可知，例如，斯诺的工作提供了现成的干净饮用水，并强调了卫生问题，比如脏了手后要洗手；根据最后一段“Fortunately,wenowknowhowtopreventcholera,thankstotheworkofJohnSnow.(幸运的是，由于约翰·斯诺的工作，我们现在知道如何预防霍乱。)”可知，他的工作展示了如何预防霍乱流行；根据文章最后一段“Moreover,inhisuseofmapsandstatistics,Snowtransformedthewayscientistsstudydiseases.(此外，斯诺运用地图和统计数据，改变了科学家研究疾病的方式。)”可知，他的工作改变了科学家研究疾病的方式，使人们能够更好地预防霍乱等曾经常见的疾病。由此可知，斯诺的工作对我们日常生活的影响包含上面三个方面。故选D。【15题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Consequently,whenanoutbreakofcholerahitLondonin1854,Snowbegantoinvestigate.Hediscoveredthatintwoparticularstreetsthecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethatmorethan500peoplediedintendays.Hewasdeterminedtofindoutwhy.(因此，当1854年伦敦爆发霍乱时，斯诺开始调查。他发现，在两条特别的街道上，霍乱爆发得非常严重，10天内就有500多人死亡。他决心找出原因。)”和文章第三段“Snowbeganbymarkingonamaptheexactplaceswhereallthosewhodiedhadlived.(斯诺首先在地图上标出所有死者曾经居住过的确切地点。)”可知，在约翰·斯诺的调查中，“斯诺在地图上标出死者曾经居住过的地方”是在调查的过程当中。故选A。第二节(共5小题,每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Cultureshockisn’taclinicaltermormedicalconditions.It’ssimplyacommonwaytodescribetheconfusingandnervousfeelingsapersonmayhaveafterleavingafamiliarculturetoliveinadifferentculture.____16____Thatcanbeexciting,butitcanalsobeoverwhelming(不可抗拒的).Everyonefeelsthepressuretofitinatonetimeoranother—whetherthey’velivedintheareafordaysoryears.Butdon’tfeellikeyouneedtochangeeverythingaboutyourselfsoyoucanstandoutless.____17____Hereareafewtipsformakingsureyournewculturedoesn’toverpowertheold:Educatepeopleaboutyourculture.Justbecauseyou’retheoneenteringthenewculturedoesn’tmeanyoushouldbetheonedoingallthelearning.____18____Theymayknowlittleaboutit.Itwillalsohelpthemtolearnmoreaboutyouintheprocess.Findasupportgroup.Findkidsinyourclassorneighborhoodwhorecentlymoved,too.Youcanshareexperiences.____19____Youprobablyleftbehindgoodfriendsandfamilywhenyoumoved.Ifit’sgoingtobealongtimeuntilyournextvisit,keepintouch.Youalsoleftbehindotherthings—likeyourfavouritespottohangout.Keeppicturesaroundtoremindyouofhome.Remember,it’simportanttobeyourself.____20____Youwillhaveyourownpaceofadjusting.Aslongasyoufindagoodcombinationbetweenoldandnew,you’llbefine.A.Keepintouchwithhome.B.Understandthenewculture.C.Butthegoodnewsisthatcultureshockistemporary.D.Whenyoumovetoanewplace,you’reboundtofacealotofchanges.E.Trynottoforceyourselftochangetoofastortoomanythingsallatonce.F.Allofyourexperiencesbeforeyoucametoyournewhomearepartofyou.G.Taketheopportunitytoteachclassmatesandnewfriendsaboutyourculture.【答案】16.D17.F18.G19.A20.E【语篇解读】本文是一篇选句填空。文章介绍了不同的社会背景和文化差异等会造成文化冲击，并给出了缓解文化冲击的方法。【16题详析】根据下文Thatcanbeexciting,butitcanalsobeoverwhelming.可知，这可能是令人兴奋的，但也可能是压倒性的。D项：Whenyoumovetoanewplace,you’reboundtofacealotofchanges.(当你搬到一个新的地方，你一定会面临很多变化。)符合文意，故选D项。【17题详析】根据前文Butdon’tfeellikeyouneedtochangeeverythingaboutyourselfsoyoucanstandoutless.可知，但不要觉得你需要改变你自己的一切，这样你就可以脱颖而出。F项：Allofyourexperiencesbeforeyoucametoyournewhomearepartofyou.(在你来到新家之前，你所有的经历都是你的一部分。)符合文意，故选F项。【18题详析】根据下文Theymayknowlittleaboutit.可知，他们对此知之甚少。G项：Taketheopportunitytoteachclassmatesandnewfriendsaboutyourculture.(利用这个机会向同学和新朋友介绍你们的文化。)与下文形成果因关系，故选G项。【19题详析】根据下文Youprobablyleftbehindgoodfriendsandfamilywhenyoumoved.Ifit'sgoingtobealongtimeuntilyournextvisit,keepintouch.可知，你搬家的时候可能会留下好朋友和家人，如果要很长时间才会再来，一定要保持联系。A项：Keepintouchwithhome.(和家里保持联系。)符合本段文意，故选A项。【20题详析】根据前文Remember,it’simportanttobeyourself.可知，做你自己很重要。E项：Trynottoforceyourselftochangetoofastortoomanythingsallatonce.(试着不要强迫自己一下子改变得太快或太多。)符合文意，故选E项。第三部分语言运用(共二节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题,每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ItwasthefirsttimeMohamhadgonetoarestaurantinhisnewneighborhood.Helookedupatthemenuboard,and____21____howhecouldunderstandwhatallofthesestrangenamesmeant.Mohamdecidedthathewould____22____askthewaitressforicecreaminacup.Shesmiledbrightly,wrotedownhis____23____anddisappearedbehindthebigglassdisplaycase(陈列柜).Amomentlater,shecamebackwithatallpapercup.____24____itwasalongstraw(吸管)andsomekindofdrink.Moham,quite____25____,tookthecupandthankedher,thinkingaboutthepossibilitythathehadusedwrongwords.“It’sthesodayouordered,”____26____said,“anicecreamdrinkinacup”.Hesmiledatthewaitress,pointedatoneofthe____27____inthedisplaycase,andsaid,“Thatone,please,"whichseemedto____28____better.Mohamtookthecakeandhisunexpectedsodatoatableandsatdowntoeat.WhywasitthatEnglishhadbeenso____29____forhiminhisclassesinTunisia,butwhenitcameto____30____speaking,hecouldn’tevengetwhathewantedtoeat?Justthen,agirl,whosatatthenexttableandhadwatchedthewhole____31____,smiledathimandsaid,“Hey,welcometoourbeautifulcity!Don’tfeel____32____aboutyourEnglish-you’llgetbetteratit____33____you’velivedhereforawhile.I’mfromSpain,andthefirsttimeItriedtoorderasaladhere,I____34____withaplateofpig’sfeet.Atleastyougotasoda!”Hearingthis,Mohamfeltmuchbetter.Hewasn’ttheonlyone____35____tocommunicate,andhisnewcitybegantofeeljustalittlemorelikehecouldcallithome.21.A.imagined B.remembered C.described D.wondered22.A.even B.just C.never D.also23.A.wish B.suggestion C.order D.dream24.A.Inside B.Under C.Above D.Near25.A.moved B.bored C.tired D.surprised26.A.he B.she C.I D.you27.A.cakes B.salads C.drinks D.strawberries28.A.spread B.work C.develop D.read29.A.special B.popular C.important D.easy30.A.slowly B.carefully C.actually D.honestly31.A.process B.discussion C.performance D.argument32.A.crazy B.hopeful C.bad D.excited33.A.although B.if C.because D.since34.A.cameup B.cheeredup C.showedup D.endedup35.A.fighting B.planning C.regretting D.refusing【答案】21.D22.B23.C24.A25.D26.B27.A28.B29.D30.C31.A32.C33.B34.D35.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Moham在一个陌生城市的饭店里点餐因为语言不通而发生的尴尬故事。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他抬头看了看菜单板，不知道自己怎么能理解这些奇怪的名字是什么意思。A.imagined想象；B.remembered记得；C.described描述；D.wondered想知道。根据上文的“ItwasthefirsttimeMohamwenttoarestaurantinhisnewneighborhood.”可知，Moham

第一次在这里点餐，看不懂菜单板。他想知道怎样才能明白所有这些奇怪名字的意思。故选D。【22题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Moham决定直接向女服务员要杯装的冰淇淋。A.even甚至；B.just只是；C.never从不；D.also也。根据上文的“ItwasthefirsttimeMohamwenttoarestaurantinhisnewneighborhood.”和空后的“askthewaitressforicecreaminacup”可知，他只是想点一杯冰激凌。故选B。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她灿烂地笑了笑，记下了他的点餐，然后消失在大玻璃陈列柜后面。A.wish希望；B.suggestion建议；C.order点餐；D.dream梦想。根据上文中的“askthewaitressforicecreaminacup”可知，女服务员写下了Moham点的餐。故选C。【24题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：过了一会儿，她拿着一个高高的纸杯回来了。A.Inside在内部；B.Under在下方；C.Above在上方；D.Near在附近。根据空前的“atallpapercup”和空后的“itwasalongstrawandsomekindofdrink”可知，在纸杯里面有根长吸管和一些饮品。故选A。【25题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Moham很惊讶，接过杯子向她道谢，想着自己可能说错话了。A.moved感动的；B.bored无聊的；C.tired疲倦的；D.surprised惊讶的。根据上文的“Mohamdecidedthathewould...askthewaitressforicecreaminacup.”可知，他点的是一杯冰激凌而非饮料，所以他应该感到惊讶。故选D。【26题详析】考查代词词义辨析。句意：“这是你点的苏打水，”她说，“一杯装在杯子里的冰淇淋。”A.he他；B.she她；C.I我；D.you你。根据上文的“Mohamdecidedthathewouldaskthewaitressforicecreaminacup.”和空前的“It’sthesodayouhaveordered”以及空后的“anicecreamdrinkinacup”可知，这是女服务员说的话，应用代词she。故选B。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他对女服务员笑了笑，指着展示柜里的一块蛋糕说：“请来一块。”这似乎更管用。A.cakes蛋糕；B.salads沙拉；C.drinks饮料；D.strawberries草莓。根据下文中的“Mohamtookthecake”可知，此处是他指着陈列柜里的一块蛋糕。故选A。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他对女服务员笑了笑，指着展示柜里的一块蛋糕说：“请来一块。”这似乎更管用。A.spread