湖南省娄底市新化县2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省娄底市新化县2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwillthemandonext?A.TurnofftheTV.B.Studywiththewoman.C.Watchamovie.2.Howoldisthewomannow?A.20yearsold.B.45yearsold.C.65yearsold.3.Howwilltheboytreathissisternexttime?A.Talktoherpolitely.B.Shoutatherrudely.C.Playwithherquietly.4.Whatarethespeakerspossiblytalkingabout?A.Asofa.B.Abed.C.Atable.5.Howdidthemanfeelabouthisjumpintheend?A.Terrified.B．Disappointed.C．Excited.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6~7题。6.Howdoesthegirlfeelaboutmakingaspeech?A.Nervous.B.Confident.C.Excited.7.Whatdidtheboydotoprepareforhisspeech?A.Hekepteverywordinmind.B.Hewrotean800-wordpassage.C.Hewrotedownthemainpoints.听第7段材料，回答第8~10题。8.Howlonghasthewomanworkedonthefarm?A.Aboutfouryears.B.Aboutfiveyears.C.Abouteightyears.9.Whoassiststhewomanwiththefarmwork?A.Herfriends.B.Herrelatives.C.Thelocalfarmers.听第8段材料，回答第10~12题。10.WhatwillthemandoonMonday?A.Startanewposition.B.Packhisbelongings.C.Attendameeting.11.Whatisthemanbusydoingnow?A.Movingtohisnewoffice.B.Checkingoffofficesupplies.C.Preparingforapromotioncampaign.12.Whatdoesthewomanoffertodo?A.Reviewanexpensereport.B.Providethemanwithsupplies.C.Arrangeacompanycelebration.听第9段材料，回答第13~16题。13.Wherewilltheeventtakeplace?A.Atacoffeeshop.B.Atamusichall.C.Atapark.14.Whydidthewomanchoosethelocation?A.It’sprivate.B.It’sfamilyfriendly.C.It’srequestedbythecharity.15.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Organizesomeactivities.B.Contributesomemoney.C.Contactsomebands.16.Whatistheevent’spurpose?A.Tohearsomelivemusic.B.Tohelpananimalshelter.C.Tohavesomefamilyfun.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whyhasthelakebecomefamousinrecentyears?A.It’sintroducedinbooks.B.Asportsgameisheldthere.C.Asingersingsasongaboutit.18.Wheredidthejourneystart?A.Ontheeasternshore.B.Onthefrozensurface.C.Fromabovethelake.19.Whatattractsrunnerstothelake?A.Thewidespace.B.Thebeautifullandscape.C.Thecoldweather.20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.ExtremeweatherinSiberia.B.ThebesttimetovisitLakeBaikal.C.Theloneliestmarathonintheworld.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项。AFourMostFamousPaintingsintheWorldTheStarryNightArtist:VincentWillemvanGoghWheretoseeit:theMuseumofModernArt(NewYork,US)Beingtreatedformentalillnessinhospitalandinspiredbytheviewfromthewindowofhisroom,VanGoghpaintedTheStarryNight.ThepaintingisfamousforVanGogh’screativeuseofthickbrushstrokes(笔画).Thepainting’sstrikingbluesandyellowsandthedreamyatmospherehaveattractedartloversfordecades.TheScreamArtist:EdvardMunchWheretoseeit:theNationalMuseumandtheMunchMuseum(Oslo,Norway)TheScreamisnotasingleworkofart.AccordingtoaBritishmuseum’sblog,therearetwopaintings,twopastels(彩粉画)andanumberofprints,ThepaintingsareintheNationalMuseumandtheMunchMuseum,andin2012,oneofthepastelswassoldforalmost120million.MonaLisaArtist:LeonardodaVinciWheretoseeit:theLouvreMuseum(Paris.France)Itshouldcomeasnosurprisethatoneofthemostfamouspaintingsintheworldisawomanwithamysterioussmile.ItistheearliestknownItalianpaintingtofocuscloselyonthesitterinahalf-lengthportrait(像),accordingtotheLouvre,whereitwasfirstexhibitedin1804.TheLastSupperArtist:LeonardodaVinciWheretoseeit:SantaMariadelleGrazie(Milan,Italy)Leonardoistheonlyartisttoappearonthislisttwice.TheLastSupperisaboutthelasttimeJesushaddinnerwithhisfollowers.Thepaintingisactuallyahugewallpainting-4.6metershighand8.8meterswide,whichmakesforamemorableviewingexperience.1.WhereisTheStarryNightexhibited?A.IntheLouvreMuseum.B.IntheMunchMuseum.C.IntheMuseumofModernArt.D.InSantaMariadelleGrazie.2.WhatisspecialaboutTheScream?A.Itisexhibitedinthreemuseums.B.Itincludesaseriesofworksofart.C.Itisfamousforasmileinthepainting.D.Itwaspaintedinamentalhospital.3.WhatdoMonaLisaandTheLastSupperhaveincommon?A.Theyfeaturereligiousfigures.B.Theybothbelongtowallpaintings.C.TheyareexhibitedintheNationalMuseum.D.TheywerepaintedbyLeonardodaVinci.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【语篇解读】本文为应用文。文章主要介绍了世界上最著名的四幅画作。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据TheStarryNight部分的第二段“Wheretoseeit:theMuseumofModernArt(NewYork,US)(在哪里看：现代艺术博物馆（美国纽约）)”可知，星夜可以在美国纽约的现代艺术博物馆看到。故选C项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据TheScream部分的第三段“TheScreamisnotasingleworkofart.AccordingtoaBritishmuseum’sblog,therearetwopaintings,twopastelsandanumberofprints,ThepaintingsareintheNationalMuseumandtheMunchMuseum,andin2012,oneofthepastelswassoldforalmost120million.(尖叫不是一件艺术品。根据英国博物馆的博客，有两幅画，两幅彩粉画和一些印刷品，这些画在国家博物馆和蒙克博物馆，2012年，其中一幅粉彩以近1.2亿美元的价格售出。)”可知，尖叫的特别之处在于，它不是一部作品，而是两幅画，两幅粉彩画等构成的。故选B项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据MonaLisa部分的第一段Artist:LeonardodaVinci和TheLastSupper部分的第一段Artist:LeonardodaVinci可知，这两幅作品的共同点在于作者相同，都是达·芬奇的画作。故选D项。BManypeoplecannotlivewithoutmoderntechnologyproducts,especiallytheirsmartphones.Theyusedevicestostayincontactwithfamilyandfriendswhiledriving.Themostcommonmethodofcommunicationisbysendingwrittenmessages,acustomknownastexting.AnewstudysuggeststhatmorethanhalfofU.S.parentsbelievetextingwhiledrivingacarorothervehiclesisunsafe.Yetmostofthosequestionedsaidtheydoitanyway.Thefindingwasreportedearlierthismonthinascientificpublication.Researchersquestioned435parentsfromacrosstheUnitedStates.ReganBergmark,wholedthesurvey,saidthatmanypeoplebelievetextingwhiledrivingisunsafebuthavealsolikelydoneit.Infact,thesurveyfoundthat52percentofmillennial(千禧年的)parentssaidtheythoughtitwas“never”safetotextanddrive.Thesamegoesfor58percentofolderparents.Butalmosttwo-thirdsofparentsreportedreadingtextswhiledriving,andmorethanhalfofthemhavealsowrittentexts.Millennialparentsweremorelikelytouseemailwhiledrivinganddrivefasterthanthespeedlimit.“Theproblemwithsmartphonesisthattheyhavebecomeanunavoidablepartofdailylifeformostpeople,”Regansaid.“Manypeopleareexpectedtobereachablebyphoneoremailimmediately,tobereachablefortheirchildrenorwork.Beingaresponsibleadultthereforeoftenmeansalwaysbeingreachable-yetwealsoknowthatwhiledriving.Beingreachablecarrieswithittheriskofacrash.”Ingeneral,itisneversafetouseasmartphonewhiledriving.ThereareanumberofAPPsthatcanhelptolimitdistracted(分心的)drivingbydisablingphonefeatures,whenthevehicleisinmotion.Thesimplestthingtodoisputthephoneoutofsightandoutofreachtoreducethetemptation(诱惑)todrivedistractedly.4.WhatisthemainproblemdescribedinParagraph2?A.Peopleusesmartphonestokeepintouchwithothers.B.Peopletendtodrivefasterthanthespeedlimit.C.Peopletendtowritetextmessagesratherthanuseemail.D.Peopleusesmartphoneswhiledrivingdespitethedanger.5.WhatcanweinferfromRegan’swords?A.Peopleinmodernsocietycan’tlivewithoutsmartphones.B.Peopleareexpectedtobereachableeverysecond.C.It’sunwisetobealwaysreachablewhiledriving.D.It’sdangeroustodrivebecauseoftheriskofacrash.6.Inthelastparagraph,theauthormeansto.A.summarizethepreviousparagraphs B.providesomeadviceforthereadersC.addsomebackgroundinformation D.introduceanewtopicfordiscussion7.Whereisthetextmostlikelyfrom?A.Anovel. B.Aguidebook.C.Ascientificreport. D.Amedicalmagazine.【答案】4.D5.C6.B7.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一项研究，表明大多数美国家长曾在开车时用手机发过消息，这一行为是很危险的。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“AnewstudysuggeststhatmorethanhalfofU.S.parentsbelievetextingwhiledrivingacarorothervehiclesisunsafe.Yetmostofthosequestionedsaidtheydoitanyway.(一项新研究表明，美国超过一半的父母认为在驾驶汽车或其他载具时发消息是不安全的。然而参加调查的人中大多数都表示他们还是这样做过)”可知，第二段描述的主要问题就是人们会不顾危险在开车时使用手机。故选D项。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段引述Regan的原话“Manypeopleareexpectedtobereachablebyphoneoremailimmediately,tobereachablefortheirchildrenorwork.Beingaresponsibleadultthereforeoftenmeansalwaysbeingreachable-yetwealsoknowthatwhiledriving.Beingreachablecarrieswithittheriskofacrash.(许多人都希望能通过电话或电子邮件立即联系到他们，他们的孩子或工作上的事也可以联系到他们。因此，作为一个负责任的成年人，通常意味着总是可以联系到，哪怕是在开车时。时刻保持联系就带来了车祸的风险。)”可知，尽管时刻与外界保持联系是现代社会的要求，但在进行开车这样需要高度专注的活动时还要这样是很不明智、很不安全的。故选C项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ingeneral,itisneversafetouseasmartphonewhiledriving.ThereareanumberofAPPsthatcanhelptolimitdistracted(分心的)drivingbydisablingphonefeatures,whenthevehicleisinmotion.Thesimplestthingtodoisputthephoneoutofsightandoutofreachtoreducethetemptation(诱惑)todrivedistractedly.(总的来说，开车时用手机是绝对不安全的。有很多的APP能在车辆运转时通过禁用手机功能来帮助限制开车时分心的情况。最简单的做法就是把手机放在眼睛看不到、手碰不着的地方，从而减少因此而分心的诱惑)”可知，作者在最后一段提供了一些关于开车时使用手机的建议。故选B项。【7题详析】推理判断题。总览全文可知，本文内容是关于开车时使用手机的一项调查的结果说明与分析，调查研究最可能出自科学报道。故选C项。CMy88-year-oldgrandfatherandIarebothstarting2022asnewcollegegraduates.Hewasunabletocontinueschoolbecausehegotmarriedandstartedafamilyinthe1950s.Overthenextfewdecades,hemanagedtobalancehisrolesasahusband,afatheroffive,workingatalocalbankandtakingacollegeclasshereandthere.OurhighereducationjourneytogetheratPaloAltoCollegebeganin2016.Ihadjustgraduatedfromhighschoolthenandmygrandfather,82,wasdeterminedtotakeclassestomakehislifelongdreamofearninghisbachelor’sdegreebecomeareality.In2017,wewerebothadmittedintotheUniversityofTexasatSanAntonio.Imajoredinengineeringwhilemygrandfathermajoredinliterature.Wewouldhavelunchtogetherandworksilentlyside-by-sideinthelibrary.TherewerealsomanytimeswhenIdrovehimtoschoolinmycar.ThatwasreallyspecialbecauseIcouldalwaysshowoffhimandshoutoutmygrandpawashere.WhenCOVID-19brokeoutsuddenly,mygrandfatheraskedforleavefromschool.Ioftenassistedhimwithhisschoolworkonline.Overthepastyear,hishealthhascontinuedtodeclineandhenowhasdifficultyspeaking.AsgraduationdayapproachedinDecember,myfamilyandIpersuadeduniversityofficialstoapproveofmygrandfatherhavingadegreeofrecognition.Wehadtheexpectationthathecouldhavethatmemorybeforehisdeath.MygrandfatherwasworriedhewouldstealtheshowfrommygraduationmomentwhenItoldhimweweregraduatingtogether.ItoldhimthisisourmomentandthatIwanttoshareitwithhim.I’msogratefulandproudthatIwasabletohavethismomentwithhim.Applauserunthroughthehallwhenmygrandfatherwasawardedtohisbachelor’sdegreeatthecommencement(毕业典礼).Iappreciatemygrandfather’slifelongpassionoflearningandhisstrongwills.8.Whatcanweknowabouttheauthor’sgrandfather?A.Hewasunabletocontinuehisstudybecauseofhisfamily.B.In2016,hewasadmittedintotheUniversityofTexas.C.HewasaskedtoleavefromschoolbecauseofCOVID-19.D.Hewasunwillingtopresenthimselfforthegraduationday.9.Inparagraph2,whydidtheauthorshoutouthisgrandpawasthere?A.Becausetheysharedthesamemajor.B.Becausehefeltproudofhisgrandfather.C.Becausetheteacherwaslookingforhisgrandfather.D.Becausehelearnttodrivehisgrandfathertoschool.10.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheauthor’sgrandfatheraccordingtotheunderlinedsentence?A.Hecaredabouthisfamilyverymuch.B.Hedidn’tattendthegraduationceremony.C.Hewasafraidofattendingthecommencement.D.Hewouldstealsomethingfromthegraduationmoment.11.Whatcanwelearnfromthegrandfather’sstory?A.Hardworkpaysoff. B.Timeismoney.C.It’snevertoolatetolearn. D.Educationisthekeytosuccess.【答案】8.A9.B10.A11.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者的爷爷年轻时因为各种原因未能实现获得学士学位的梦想，终于在82岁时重新追逐梦想，顺利和作者成为大学校友，并最终圆梦的故事。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“My88-year-oldgrandfatherandIarebothstarting2022asnewcollegegraduates.Hewasunabletocontinueschoolbecausehegotmarriedandstartedafamilyinthe1950s.(我88岁的爷爷和我都是2022年的应届大学毕业生。因为他在20世纪50年代结婚生子，这导致他无法继续上学。)”可知，爷爷年轻时是因为家庭原因未能继续上学。故选A。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“TherewerealsomanytimeswhenIdrovehimtoschoolinmycar.ThatwasreallyspecialbecauseIcouldalwaysshowoffhimandshoutoutmygrandpawashere.(也有很多次，我开车送他去学校。这真的很特别，因为我总是可以炫耀他，大声说我爷爷在这里。)”可推断，作者大声说他爷爷在那里是因为作者为自己的爷爷感到自豪，想要炫耀。故选B。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据划线句子“MygrandfatherwasworriedhewouldstealtheshowfrommygraduationmomentwhenItoldhimweweregraduatingtogether.(当我告诉爷爷我们将一起毕业时，他担心他会抢了我毕业典礼的风头。)”可知，爷爷获得学士学位的梦想最终实现，他本人也很开心和激动，但是他却在这样的时刻首先想到自己会不会抢了作者的风头，由此判断，爷爷很关爱自己的家人。故选A。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“My88-year-oldgrandfatherandIarebothstarting2022asnewcollegegraduates.Hewasunabletocontinueschoolbecausehegotmarriedandstartedafamilyinthe1950s.(我88岁的爷爷和我都是2022年的应届大学毕业生。因为他在20世纪50年代结婚生子，这导致他无法继续上学。)”以及第二段“OurhighereducationjourneytogetheratPaloAltoCollegebeganin2016.Ihadjustgraduatedfromhighschoolthenandmygrandfather,82,wasdeterminedtotakeclassestomakehislifelongdreamofearninghisbachelor’sdegreebecomeareality.(我们在帕洛阿尔托学院的高等教育之旅始于2016年。那时我刚从高中毕业，我82岁的爷爷决心去上课，以实现他获得学士学位的毕生梦想。)”以及最后一段“Iappreciatemygrandfather’slifelongpassionoflearningandhisstrongwills.(我欣赏爷爷毕生对学习的热情和他坚强的意志。)”可推断，作者的爷爷用一生诠释了何谓活到老学到老。故选C。DInOctober,2019,BeijingDailywarnedtheyouththattheyshouldn’tletInternetslang（俚语）deepenthegenerationgap（代沟），afterPeopleDailystartedadiscussiononChinesemicroblogWeiboonhowto"explain"theyouth’sInternetslangtermstoparents.Thepostgot40,000likes.Peoplewerecommentingthattheycouldn’tkeepupwiththerapidlydevelopingInternetlingo（术语）inChina.PeoplealsofearthatChineseInternetslangwillnegativelyinfluencebroaderlinguistic（语言的）trendsofMandarinChinese,inparticular,thegradualtakingoverofpinyin,theromanizationoftraditionalChinesecharactersusingtheWesternalphabet.Aspinyingetswidelyusedwhenpeopletextorwriteonmobilephonesorcomputers,whilelessandlesspeoplewritecharactersbyhand,peoplegraduallyforgethowtowritethem,whichiscalled"characteramnesia"inChina.2019’slatestslangtermsaddafurthersimplification:theuseofpinyinacronyms."Awsl"inpinyin,forinstance,meansAh,wosile(Oh,I’mgonnadie),andisusedifsomethingistoocuteoradorable."Nsdd"standsfornishuodedui(you’reright).Certainly,asanage-oldwrittenlanguage,Chinesehasbeenevolvinganddevelopingovertheyears.ButtheChineseInternetlingoisunlikelytoreplacetheexistinguseofMandarinChinese,butwillratherbeenrichingitbyaddinganotherlayer.Acronymsaren’tnew.Theyhaveappearedwiththelimitedspaceavailableinearly-generationcellphonemessaging.SomeofthemhavebecomeapartoftheEnglishlanguage,suchasBTW(bytheway)andLOL(laughoutloud),whileothershadarathershortlifetime.That’slikelytobewhat’sgoingtohappenwithChina’sInternetslangterms.Somearegoingtobeoldinafewweeks,whileothersmightmakeitintomainstreamuse,andastheydo,youngnetusersarecomingupwithnewslangwordstodifferentiatethemselves.InChina,usingInternetslangmeansbelongingtoacertaingenerationthatlikestowatchthesametalkshows,playthesamegames,etc.,andtherefore,createsunity.Oldergenerationsdon’thavetofeelleftout,andcertainlydon’thavetofearadegradation(没落)oftheChineselanguage.Whilelanguagedevelopmentisunavoidable,Internetslangisnotgoingtolet6,000yearsofChinesewrittenlanguagecompletelychangeovernight.12.ThepublicareworriedaboutChineseInternetslangabusebecauseA.It’susedbychildrentokeepsecretsfromparents.B.Itcancauseconfusionevenamongyoungpeople.C.Itwasinventedinresponsetothelimitedmessagingspace.D.ItwillrarelyhaveapositiveeffectonlinguistictrendsofChinese.13.HowdoChineseInternetslangtermsaffecttheChineselanguage?A.Theyaddvarietytothelanguage.B.Theyarereplacingitstraditionalvocabulary.C.Theymakethelanguagemoreglobal.D.TheyonlyhavetemporaryeffectsonChinese.14.ByusingInternetslanginChina,peoplemayget.A.asenseofpurposeB.asenseofgroupidentityC.asenseofculturalprideD.asenseofsafety15.Whichcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.IsMediaHelpingOlderGenerationUnderstandInternetSlang?B.IsChineseLanguageTooPowerfultoBeLargelyAffected?C.IsMandarinChineseUsefultoBridgetheGenerationGap?D.IsInternetSlangDeepeningtheGenerationGap,RuiningChinese?【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.D【语篇解读】本文是议论文，网络俚语是否会加剧代沟，毁灭汉语？文章展开了论述。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“PeoplealsofearthatChineseInternetslangwillnegativelyinfluencebroaderlinguistic（语言的）trendsofMandarinChinese”人们还担心，中国的网络俚语会对普通话更广泛的语言趋势产生负面影响。可知，公众担心网络俚语是因为它很少对汉语的语言发展趋势产生积极的影响，故选D项。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“ButtheChineseInternetlingoisunlikelytoreplacetheexistinguseofMandarinChinese,butwillratherbeenrichingitbyaddinganotherlayer.”但中文网络用语不太可能取代现有的普通话，而是会通过增加另一层来丰富它。可知，网络用语对中文的影响是增加了语言的多样性，故选A项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“InChina,usingInternetslangmeansbelongingtoacertaingenerationthatlikestowatchthesametalkshows,playthesamegames,etc.,andtherefore,createsunity.”在中国，使用网络俚语意味着属于某一代人，喜欢看同样的脱口秀，玩同样的游戏等等，因此，创造团结。可知，在中国使用网路俚语会使人们获得群体认同感，故选B项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“InOctober,2019,BeijingDailywarnedtheyouththattheyshouldn’tletInternetslangdeepenthegenerationgap”2019年10月，《北京日报》警告年轻人，他们不应该让网络俚语加深代沟。第一段提到了网络俚语可能加深人们之间的代沟。再根据最后一段“Whilelanguagedevelopmentisunavoidable,Internetslangisnotgoingtolet6,000yearsofChinesewrittenlanguagecompletelychangeovernight”虽然语言的发展是不可避免的，但网络俚语不会让6000年的中文书面语言在一夜之间完全改变。最后一段提出网络俚语不会毁灭汉语，所以文章主要围绕着网络俚语是否加剧代沟，毁灭汉语展开。这篇文章最好的题目是“网络俚语正在加剧代沟，毁灭汉语吗?”故选D项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。BestWaytoLoseWeight–DietingTipsHowdoyoueatrighttoloseweightfast?You’lldiscoverthereareagreatnumberofweightlossdietswhichpromisetohelpyoudropthepoundsfast.___16___Manyweightlossdietsareaimedatlosingweightfast,butaren’tnecessarilyhealthyandwon’tcreatealong-termchangeforthebetter.____17____Thatmeansyou’llchooseadietwhichdoesn’tcutoutanynecessarynutrients(营养物).Mostdietssuggestthatyoustopeatingfatorcarbs(含碳水化合物的食物).____18____You’llneedtomakeclearofyourownbodytypebeforemakingadietplan.Youmightalsoneedtotrydifferentwaysbeforefindingthebestway.Ifyoujustneedtoshakeafewpoundsoff,yourplanwon’tbethesameasonetoloseweightinthelongterm.Thebestshort-termweightlossplanwillbestrongerthanthebestlong-termweightlossplan,butitshouldn’tgetridofnecessarynutrition.____19____Yourbodywillgointo“starvationmode”andyourmetabolism(新陈代谢)willslowdown.Asaresultyourbodywillkeepmoreweight.___20___Spreadoutyourmealsevenlythroughouttheday.Anylargermealsshouldbeeatenearlierintheday.Thatgivesyourbodymoretimeandopportunitytoburncalories.Ifyoueatalotbeforebed,thosecalorieswon’tburnbutbecomefat.A.Infactmanypeoplefeelithardtoloseweight.B.Onceyoustartyourplan,youshouldn’tstop.C.Butdotheyreallywork?D.Ifyoutrytomakeyourselffeelhungry,youwon’tachievelong-termresults.E.Thebestwaytoloseweightshouldbeusefulinthelongterm.F.Whilethismayhelpsomepeople,thereisnoplanthatisperfectforall.G.Besidesimprovingyourmetabolism,youalsoshouldpayattentiontowhenyoueat.【答案】16.C17.E18.F19.D20.G【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了如何减肥的饮食建议。【16题详析】根据下文Manyweightlossdietsareaimedatlosingweightfast,butaren’tnecessarilyhealthyandwon’tcreatealong-termchangeforthebetter.（许多减肥食谱旨在快速减肥，但不一定是健康的，也不会带来长期的改善。）可知是对上文You’lldiscoverthereareagreatnumberofweightlossdietswhichpromisetohelpyoudropthepoundsfast.（你会发现有很多减肥食谱可以帮助你快速减肥。）提到的许多饮食承诺提出质疑，故C选项“但是它们真的有用吗?”符合语境。故选C。【17题详析】根据上文Manyweightlossdietsareaimedatlosingweightfast,butaren’tnecessarilyhealthyandwon’tcreatealong-termchangeforthebetter.（许多减肥食谱旨在快速减肥，但不一定是健康的，也不会带来长期的改善。）可知以快速减肥为目标的减肥方法不一定健康，也不会带来长期的改善。故可知最好的减肥方法应当是长期有效的。故E选项“最好的减肥方法应该是长期有效的。”符合语境。故选E。【18题详析】根据下文You’llneedtomakeclearofyourownbodytypebeforemakingadietplan.Youmightalsoneedtotrydifferentwaysbeforefindingthebestway.（在制定饮食计划之前，你需要弄清自己的体型。在找到最好的方法之前，你可能还需要尝试不同的方法。）可知需要自身情况来找到适合自己的减肥方法，没有什么计划是完美的，适合每一个人的。故F选项“虽然这可能会帮助一些人，但没有一个计划是完美的。”符合上下文语境。故选F。【19题详析】根据下文Yourbodywillgointo“starvationmode”andyourmetabolismwillslowdown.（你的身体会进入“饥饿模式”，新陈代谢会减慢。）中starvationmode可对应到D选项中feelhungry，表示“除了改善你的新陈代谢，你还应该注意吃东西的时候。”符合语境。故选D。【20题详析】结合下文Spreadoutyourmealsevenlythroughouttheday.Anylargermealsshouldbeeatenearlierintheday.Thatgivesyourbodymoretimeandopportunitytoburncalories.Ifyoueatalotbeforebed,thosecalorieswon’tburnbutbecomefat.（把你的食物均匀地分布在一天中。任何大餐都应该在一天的早些时候吃。这给了你的身体更多的时间和机会来燃烧卡路里。如果你在睡觉前吃很多东西，这些热量不会燃烧，而是变成脂肪。）可知是在强调吃饭的时间，故G选项“除了改善你的新陈代谢，你还应该注意吃东西的时候。”符合上下文语境。故选G。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。IstartedcookingwhenIwasthirteen.Bothofmyparentsworked,soIwasusually____21____afterschool.Oneday,myparentsforgotto____22____dinnerbeforetheywenttowork.Aswewereshortofmoney,eatingoutwasbeyond____23____.SoIdecidedtobethe____24____oftheday.Afewmomentslater,I____25____tocookfriedrice,thebestoptionoutof____26____resources,includingmycookingknowledge.After____27____apanonthestoveandturningontheheat,itsoonbegantosizzle(咝咝作响).IwassohungrythatI____28____andthreweverythingintothepanalltogether.Inwentrice,piecesofmeatandvegetables.LittledidIknowthatthe____29____ofingredientswascrucialincooking.I____30____waitedforthemeattobethoroughlycooked,butotheringredientswere____31____.Atfirst,Imistookitassteamfromcooking,butIsoon____32____somethingwenthorriblywrongwhensmokecameoutto____33____thekitchen.Laterthatday,mymothertoldme,“Youcannotrushyourselfwhencooking.”Rather,Ishouldtakesteps,turningtothebasics,suchaslearningabouttheingredientsand____34____therecipe.I’velearnedthatthefirst____35____seemshardbutweshouldjuststartandletthejourneyteachus.21.A.alone B.energetic C.anxious D.excited22.A.enjoy B.prepare C.serve D.take23.A.expectation B.control C.description D.budget24.A.owner B.ruler C.chef D.researcher25.A.agreed B.decided C.failed D.switched26.A.various B.delicious C.pricey D.limited27.A.placing B.covering C.washing D.breaking28.A.quit B.slept C.rushed D.collapsed29.A.standard B.order C.quality D.amount30.A.proudly B.unconsciously C.fearfully D.eagerly31.A.burning B.exploding C.disappearing D.mixing32.A.insisted B.declared C.realized D.explained33.A.decorate B.destroy C.leave D.fill34.A.workingon B.fixingon C.referringto D.contributingto35.A.race B.try C.route D.ride【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.C25.B26.D27.A28.C29.B30.D31.A32.C33.D34.C35.B【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己第一次做饭时，将全部的食材一起放进去，结果肉还没熟，其它的已经烧焦了，导致厨房满是烟。在妈妈的教导下，作者也明白了做事情要按步骤来；第一次虽然很难，但一定要开始。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我父母都工作，所以放学后我通常是一个人。A.alone独自的；单独的；B.energetic精力充沛的；C.anxious焦虑的；D.excited兴奋的。根据前文“Bothofmyparentsworked”可知父母都工作，所以放学后“我”总是独自在家。故选A项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我的父母上班前忘记准备晚饭了。A.enjoy享受；B.prepare准备；C.serve（为……）工作，服务，端上（食物）；D.take拿。根据下文“cookfriedrice”可知，“我”做了炒米饭，说明父母去上班前忘记准备晚饭了。故选B项。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于我们缺钱，外出吃饭超出了我们的预算。A.expectation期待；B.control控制；C.description描述；D.budget预算。根据前文“Aswewereshortofmoney”可知，我们缺钱，即外出吃饭超出我们的预算。故选D项。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我决定做今天的主厨。A.owner主人；B.ruler统治者，尺子；C.chef厨师；D.researcher研究者。根据后文“cookfriedrice”可知，今天我要做炒米饭，所以我今天做厨师。故选C项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：过了一会儿，我决定做炒饭，这是有限资源的最佳选择，包括我的烹饪知识。A.agreed同意；B.decided决定；C.failed失败；D.switched转变。根据后文“thebestoption”可知，做炒饭是我的决定。故选B。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：过了一会儿，我决定做炒饭，这是有限资源的最佳选择，包括我的烹饪知识。A.various各种各样的；B.delicious美味的；C.pricey昂贵的；D.limited有限的。根据后文“includingmycookingknowledge”可知，第一次做饭，我的烹饪知识和家里的食材一样有限。故选D项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：把平底锅放在炉子上，打开火，很快就开始发出咝咝声。A.placing放置；B.covering覆盖，包括；C.washing洗；D.breaking打破。根据后文“apanonthestoveandturningontheheat”可知，我先把锅放置在炉子上，然后打开火。故选A项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我太饿了，我快速地把所有的东西都扔进了锅里。A.quit停止；B.slept睡觉；C.rushed把（某人或某物）迅速送往，冲，奔，赶紧做；D.collapsed倒塌。根据前文“Iwassohungry”可知我太饿了，所以快速的把所有食材放进锅里，表示我急着吃饭，呼应下文妈妈教我的话“Youcannotrushyourselfwhencooking.”。故选C项。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一点也不知道配料的顺序在烹饪中是至关重要的。A.standard标准；B.order顺序；C.quality质量；D.amount（数）量。根据上文“threweverythingintothepanalltogether”和“Inwentrice,piecesofmeatandvegetables”可知，我一次性把所有食材——米、肉、菜，同时放进去，根本不知道食材的顺序很重要。故选B项。【30题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我急切地等着肉完全煮熟，但其他食材都烧焦了。A.proudly骄傲地；B.unconsciously不知不觉；无意识地；C.fearfully可怕地，非常地；D.eagerly急切地，渴望地。根据前文“Iwassohungry”和后文“waitedforthemeattobethoroughlycooked”可知，我很饿，急切等待着肉变熟。故选D项。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我急切地等着肉完全煮熟，但其他食材都烧焦了。A.burning燃烧，烧焦，晒伤；B.exploding爆炸；C.disappearing消失；D.mixing混合。根据前文“butotheringredients”可知，我等待的肉还没有熟，但是其他食材已经开始烧焦了，呼应下文“smoke”。故选A项。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，我把它误认为是烹饪时产生的蒸汽，但当烟冒出来充满厨房时，我很快意识到发生了可怕的事情。A.insisted坚持；B.declared宣布；C.realized意识到；D.explained解释。根据后文“somethingwenthorriblywrong”可知，我意识到出错了。故选C项。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，我把它误认为是烹饪时产生的蒸汽，但当烟冒出来充满厨房时，我很快意识到发生了可怕的事情。A.decorate装饰；B.destroy破坏；C.leave离开；D.fill充满。根据前文“smoke”和后文“thekitchen”可知，烟开始弥漫、充满了整个厨房。故选D项。【34题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：相反，我应该采取步骤，从基本的入手，比