黑龙江省哈尔滨市六校2023-2024学年高三上学期期末联考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1黑龙江省哈尔滨市六校2023-2024学年高三上学期期末联考英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAhugenumberofexchangeprogramsandsummerschoolprogramsareofferedtointernationalstudentsaroundforeignuniversitiesworldwide.Todayweexplainthetopstudentexchangeprogramsandsummerprogramsofferedtoforeignstudents.SUSIStudentLeadersProgramBachelor-levelstudentsinPakistanwhoareinterestedinthetopicofpublic,local,stateandfederalpolicy-makingareinvitedtostudyintheUSAthroughtheshort-termSUSIstudentprogram2023.ThisisanexchangeprogramforPakistanistudents.AllexpensesandaccommodationcostsattheUniversityofMassachusettswillbecoveredbySUSI.Sotheapplicationperiodisveryshort.ViennaSummerSchoolViennaSummerSchoolprovidesanincredibleopportunityfor30bachelor-levelstudentstoresearchsidebysidewithworldtopresearchersinthefieldofbioengineering.Thispaidsummerprogramaimstoattractinternationalstudentsandcreateanexcellentresearchenvironment.Thisisaperfectopportunityforthosestudentswhoareinterestedinthefieldoflifescience.ThedurationofViennaSummerSchoolisfromSaturday,July1toAugust28,2023.HansenLeadershipExchangeProgramTheHansenSummerInstituteforLeadershipisnowopenforthesummerexchangeprogram2023.TheHansensummerprogramofferstheopportunitytotheUSAandinternationalstudentstobuildbetterleadershipskillsandaculturalunderstandingenvironmentforthefuture.This3-weeksummerexchangeprogramisopenforundergraduate,graduate,anddoctoralstudentswithanyacademicbackground.IWPSummerExchangeProgramIWPSummerExchangeProgram2023isatwo-weekwritingandcultureexchangeprogramforPakistaniandIndianstudentsinIowaCity,USA.Theapplicantfrom18to22fromthesecountrieswithabackgroundinarthumanitiesiswelcometoapply.Thisprogramwillfocusoncreativityandisfreefortheselectedapplicants.Theselectedcandidateswillworktogetheronthecreationofpaintingsandsculptures.1.WhatcanwelearnfromSUSIStudentLeadersProgram?A.Itisfullyfunded. B.Itislimitedtopostgraduates.C.Itisalong-termprogram. D.Itissupportedbythegovernment.2.Whichprogramsuitsstudentswholikebiology?A.SUSIStudentLeadersProgram. B.HansenLeadershipExchangeProgram.C.ViennaSummerSchool. D.IWPSummerExchangeProgram.3.WhatwillstudentsinIWPSummerExchangeProgramdo?A.Offerpolicyadvice. B.Createartworks.C.Conductscientificresearch. D.Writeacademicpapers.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【语篇解读】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了四个国际交换生项目。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据SUSIStudentLeadersProgram中关键句“ThisisanexchangeprogramforPakistanistudents.AllexpensesandaccommodationcostsattheUniversityofMassachusettswillbecoveredbySUSI.(在马萨诸塞大学的所有费用和住宿费将由SUSI承担)”可知，SUSIStudentLeaders项目全力资助交换生费用。故选A项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据ViennaSummerSchool中关键句“ViennaSummerSchoolprovidesanincredibleopportunityfor30bachelor-levelstudentstoresearchsidebysidewithworldtopresearchersinthefieldofbioengineering.(维也纳暑期学校为30名本科水平的学生提供了与生物工程领域的世界顶级研究人员并肩研究的绝佳机会)”及“Thisisaperfectopportunityforthosestudentswhoareinterestedinthefieldoflifescience.(对于那些对生命科学领域感兴趣的学生来说，这是一个绝佳的机会)”可知，ViennaSummerSchool项目适合喜欢生物的学生。故选C项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据IWPSummerExchangeProgram中关键句“Thisprogramwillfocusoncreativityandisfreefortheselectedapplicants.Theselectedcandidateswillworktogetheronthecreationofpaintingsandsculptures.(这个项目将注重创造力，对入选的申请者免费开放。被选中的候选人将共同创作绘画和雕塑)”可知，IWPSummerExchange项目中，学生可以创造艺术作品。故选B项。BThinkoftheMississippiDelta.Maybeyouimaginecottonfieldsandbluesmusic.Ithasbeenallthat.Butformorethanacentury,theDeltahasalsobeenapopulardestinationforimmigrants.Recently,Iwasassignedtolearnmoreaboutoneimmigrantgroupinparticular:theChineseinGreenville,asmallcityalongtheMississippiRiver.ThereImetRaymondWong,whosefamilyhaslongbeenpartofthecommunity.ThefirstwaveofChineseimmigrantscametotheMississippiDeltasoonaftertheCivilWar,andthepacepickedupbytheearly1900s.TheChineseoriginallycametopickcotton,buttheyquicklystartedopeninggrocerystores,mostlyintheAfrican-Americancommunitieswheretheylived.Thestoressoldmeat,freshvegetables,cannedgoods,anythingyoumightneed.NothingChineseaboutthem,excepttheowners.“Onmystreetalone,therewereatleastfourgrocerystores.I’mtalkingaboutasmallstreet,”Wongrecalls.“Iwasraisedinagrocerystore.Allmyfamily—sixofus—livedinacoupleofroomsatthebackofourstore.AssoonasIcouldcountmoneyIhadtoworkinthestore.”In1968,Wong’sfatheropenedaChineserestaurantcalledHowJoyinGreenville,oneofthefirstinthetown.Atthetime,nobodyknewwhatChinesefoodwas.“Buttherestaurantexistedfor40years.Iworkedthere,too,”Wongsays.Wongremembersatimeofbigexcitementwhenhewasyoung:Thefamilyfinallycouldaffordtobuyahouseinawhiteneighborhood.Thensuddenly,thatconversationstopped.“Whenpeoplefoundoutthatweweremovingin,theystartedthrowingbottlesinthedriveway,”Wongsays.“Weendedupbuildingahousedirectlybehindthegrocery.”Andthefuture?It’sprobablynotintheDelta.Wongremembersthequestionhissonaskedwhenhewasstillinhighschool:“Dad,doyouwantmetotakeoverthestorewhenyouretire?”Wong’sresponsewasimmediate:“No.Iwantyoutodobetterthanme.”That’sthestoryofthetypicalDeltaChinese.4.WhatdidtheDeltaChineseoriginallydoshortlyaftertheCivilWar?A.Workingincottonfields. B.Runningrestaurants.C.ImportingChinesefood. D.Openinggrocerystores.5.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?A.RaymondWonghadafunandcarefreechildhood.B.Thestoreowners’childrenwereverytalentedinmath.C.Therewasintensecompetitionamongthegrocerystores.D.TheWongswasthemostsuccessfulfamilyinGreenville.6.TheWongsstoppedbuyingthehousebecause______.A.thehouseownerraisedtheprice B.theirbusinessfailedunexpectedlyC.theydidnothaveenoughmoney D.thewhitepeopledidnotacceptthem7.HowdothetypicalChinesefeelabouttheirlifeintheDelta?A.Excited. B.Insecure. C.Unconcerned. D.Optimistic.【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.B【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。雷蒙德·王是很典型的格林维尔华人，文章讲述了这家人的移民经历和生活。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“TheChineseoriginallycametopickcotton,buttheyquicklystartedopeninggrocerystores,mostlyintheAfrican-Americancommunitieswheretheylived.(中国人最初是来摘棉花的，但他们很快就开始开杂货店，主要是在他们居住的非洲裔美国人社区。)”可知，内战后不久，德尔塔华人最初在棉花田里工作。故选A。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段第一句中的“Onmystreetalone,therewereatleastfourgrocerystores.I’mtalkingaboutasmallstreet(仅在我住的那条街上，就至少有四家杂货店。我说的是一条小街道)”可知，杂货店之间的竞争很激烈。故选C。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第六段第一句““Whenpeoplefoundoutthatweweremovingin,theystartedthrowingbottlesinthedriveway,”Wongsays.(“当人们发现我们要搬进来的时候，他们开始往车道上扔瓶子。”王说。)”可知，由于白人不接受他们，王家不再买房子了。故选D。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句“Andthefuture?It’sprobablynotintheDelta.(未来呢？可能不在德尔塔。)”和倒第二段““Whenpeoplefoundoutthatweweremovingin,theystartedthrowingbottlesinthedriveway,”Wongsays.“Weendedupbuildingahousedirectlybehindthegrocery.”(“当人们发现我们要搬进来的时候，他们开始往车道上扔瓶子。”王说。“我们最后在杂货店后面盖了一栋房子。”)”可知，典型的中国人对在德尔塔的生活感到不安全。故选B。CAJapanesecompanytriedtolandthefirstM1privatespacevehicleonMoon.However,on25April,2023,theM1spacecraftbecamethelatestinalonglineofMoonmissionsthatdidn’tquitemakeit.Untilnow,onlythreegovernment-fundedspaceagencieshavesoft-landedonMoonandonlyChinaissuccessfulinitsfirstattempt.WhyisitsohardtotouchdownsafelyonMoon?GettingamissiontoMoon,around384,000kilometresfromEarth,ismuchmorechallengingthansendingasatelliteintolow-Earthorbit—andfailurescanoccurearlyon,evenformissionsthatdon’tplantoland.ThishappenedwithNASA’sLunarFlashlightmission,asmallspacecraftthatwaslaunchedinDecember,2022andwassupposedtomapMoon’sice.Itsenginesstoppedworkingsoonafterlaunch.EvenifalandermakesittotheneighborhoodofMoon,itstillhastofinditswaydowntothesurfacewithnoglobal-positioningsatellitesforguidanceandvirtuallynoatmospheretohelptoslowitdown.Onceitgetswithinthecriticallastfewkilometres,itssoftwarehastodealquicklyandautonomouslywithanylast-minutechallenges,suchasitssensorspotentiallybecomingconfusedbylargeamountsofdustkickedupbytheengines.Topulloffasuccessfullandinginsuchachallengingenvironment,thegovernment-fundedspaceagencieshavespenthugeamountofmoneyonrepeatedtestsandhavelearnedalotfromeachfailedandsuccessfulattempt.“Inthe1960s,whentheUnitedStatesandtheSovietUnionwereracingtolandthere,theycrashedspacecraftafterspacecraftbeforeeachfinallysucceededin1966,”saysStephenIndyk,directorofspacesystemsatHoneybeeRoboticsinGreenbelt,Maryland.“Withoutlessonslearnedfromthesetbacksandsuccesses,it’salottoaskofaprivatecompanytogetitrightinthefirstattempt.”8.WhatcanbelearnedaboutM1spacecraft?A.ItbecamethelatestunsuccessfulMarsmission. B.ItwaslaunchedbyaChineseprivatecompany.C.ItwasJapan’sfirstpublic-fundedspacevehicle. D.Itfailedtosoft-landonthesurfaceofMoon.9.WhatledtothefailureoftheLunarFlashlightmission?A.Thecomputers. B.Theengines. C.Thesensors. D.Thesatellites.10.Whatisparagraph4ofthetextmainlyabout?A.Thelandingchallenges. B.Thenecessityofcooperation.C.ThestepstolandonMoon. D.Thecostsofspaceexploration.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“setbacks”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Difficulties. B.Benefits. C.Failures. D.Attempts.【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。一家日本公司试图将第一艘M1私人宇宙飞船送上月球，以失败告终，文章就此对为什么安全着陆月球这么难进行了分析和说明。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“However,on25April,2023,theM1spacecraftbecamethelatestinalonglineofMoonmissionsthatdidn’tquitemakeit.

Untilnow,onlythreegovernment-fundedspaceagencieshavesoft-landedonMoonandonlyChinaissuccessfulinitsfirstattempt.(然而，在2023年4月25日，M1飞船成为一长串未能成功着陆的月球任务中最新的一个。到目前为止，只有三个政府资助的航天机构在月球上软着陆，只有中国首次尝试成功)”可知，M1宇宙飞船未能在月球表面软着陆。故选D。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Itsenginesstoppedworkingsoonafterlaunch.(它的引擎在发射后不久就停止了工作。)”可知，引擎导致了月球手电筒任务的失败。故选B。【10题详析】主旨大意题。根据第四段“EvenifalandermakesittotheneighborhoodofMoon,itstillhastofinditswaydowntothesurfacewithnoglobal-positioningsatellitesforguidanceandvirtuallynoatmospheretohelptoslowitdown.Onceitgetswithinthecriticallastfewkilometres,itssoftwarehastodealquicklyandautonomouslywithanylast-minutechallenges,suchasitssensorspotentiallybecomingconfusedbylargeamountsofdustkickedupbytheengines.(即使着陆器到达了月球附近，它仍然需要在没有全球定位卫星引导和几乎没有大气层帮助减速的情况下找到降落到月球表面的路。一旦进入关键的最后几公里，它的软件就必须迅速自主地应对任何最后时刻的挑战，比如它的传感器可能会被引擎扬起的大量灰尘弄糊涂。)”可知，第四段主要是讲成功着陆的挑战。故选A。【11题详析】词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Withoutlessonslearnedfromthe

setbacks andsuccesses,it’salottoaskofaprivatecompanytogetitrightinthefirstattempt.(如果没有从setbacks和成功中吸取教训，要求私营公司在第一次尝试时就把事情做好是很困难的)”可知，此处是指从失败和成功中学到的教训，所以setbacks意为“失败”。故选C。DThegreenrevolutioninthe1960swasoneofthegreatestachievementsinhumanhistory.Bypromotingmoreproductivevarietiesofwheatand,especially,rice,scientistsinIndia,Mexico,ChinaandthePhilippinesdoubledAsia’sriceyieldsfrom1965to1995.Buttheworldhasreachedacrossroadagain.Byoneestimate,theworldwillneedtoproducealmostathirdmorericeby2050.Yetriceproductionhasincreasedbylessthan1%ayearoverthepastdecade.Thishasmanyexplanations.Urbanizationandindustrializationhavemadelabourandfarmlandscarcer(稀缺的).Overuseofchemicalsandirrigationhavepoisonedsoilsanddriedupgroundwater.Butthebiggestreasonmaybeglobalwarmingthatoftenleadstoextremeconditions.HeavyrainsanddroughtslastyearinIndia,theworld’sbiggestriceexporter,ledtoareducedharvestandanexportban.FloodsinPakistan,thefourth-biggestexporter,wipedout15%ofitsriceharvest.Risingsea-levelsarecausingsalttoentertheMekongDelta,Vietnam’s“ricebowl”.Itisgettingworse.Riceisnotjustavictimofclimatechange,butalsoacontributortoit.Itisabiggersourceofgreenhousegasthananyfoodstuffexceptbeef.Ifyoucountthedestructionofforestlandforricefields,thatfootprintisevenbigger.Therefore,governmentsneedtoattractproducersandconsumersawayfromrice.IndiaandIndonesiaarepromotingmillet,whichismorenutritiousandusesmuchlesswater.Cancelingsubsidies(补贴)thatfavourriceoverothercropswouldmakesucheffortsmoreeffective.India,forexample,purchasesricefromfarmers,oftenatabove-marketrates,thendistributesitasfoodaidtothepoor.Itshouldmakeitsinterventionsmorerice-unfriendly,byreplacingsubsidiesandfreericewithincomesupportforfarmersandthepoor.Thatwouldencouragefarmerstochoosethebestcropfortheirlocalconditions—muchofIndia’sagriculturalnorth-westwouldswitchfromricetowheatovernight.PoorIndianswouldbefreetochooseamorebalanceddiet.Asaresult,itwouldcorrectamarketunfavorabletoenvironmentandhealth.12.WhatcanweknowaboutthegreenrevolutioninAsia?A.Ithasremarkablyreducedtheuseofwaterandchemicals.B.Itonceincreasedriceproductionbymorethan3%ayear.C.Ithaspopularizedmoreproductivecrops’especiallywheat.D.IthasbeenmainlyledbyscientistsfromAmericaandEurope.13.Whatisthemostseriousthreattoriceproductionaccordingtothetext?A.Worseningglobalwarming. B.Unnecessarybansonriceexport.C.Loweringpricesforthecrop. D.Urbanizationandindustrialization.14.WhatdoestheauthorsuggesttheIndiangovernmentdo?A.Expandtheplantingofrice. B.Givericefarmersmoresubsidies.C.Replacericewithbetterlocalcrops. D.Distributericeasfoodaidtothepoor.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AchievementsoftheGreenRevolution B.EffortstoPromoteMoreSuitableCropsC.ConsequencesoftheGreenRevolution D.IdeastoFixtheCurrentGlobalRiceCrisis【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.D【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了全球大米危机这一现象，并给出了合理建议。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Thegreenrevolutioninthe1960swasoneofthegreatestachievementsinhumanhistory.Bypromotingmoreproductivevarietiesofwheatand,especially,rice,scientistsinIndia,Mexico,ChinaandthePhilippinesdoubledAsia’sriceyieldsfrom1965to1995.(20世纪60年代的绿色革命是人类历史上最伟大的成就之一。通过推广更高产的小麦品种，特别是水稻品种，印度、墨西哥、中国和菲律宾的科学家从1965年到1995年将亚洲的水稻产量提高了一倍)”可知，30年中，水稻的产量增加了一倍，计算下来，亚洲的绿色革命曾使水稻产量每年增加3%以上。故选B项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Butthebiggestreasonmaybeglobalwarmingthatoftenleadstoextremeconditions.(但最大的原因可能是全球变暖，它经常导致极端情况)”可知，全球变暖加剧是水稻产量的严重威胁。故选A项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Therefore,governmentsneedtoattractproducersandconsumersawayfromrice.IndiaandIndonesiaarepromotingmillet,whichismorenutritiousandusesmuchlesswater.Cancelingsubsidies(补贴)thatfavourriceoverothercropswouldmakesucheffortsmoreeffective.India,forexample,purchasesricefromfarmers,oftenatabove-marketrates,thendistributesitasfoodaidtothepoor.Itshouldmakeitsinterventionsmorerice-unfriendly,byreplacingsubsidiesandfreericewithincomesupportforfarmersandthepoor.Thatwouldencouragefarmerstochoosethebestcropfortheirlocalconditions—muchofIndia’sagriculturalnorth-westwouldswitchfromricetowheatovernight.(因此，政府需要吸引生产者和消费者远离大米。印度和印度尼西亚正在推广谷子，因为谷子更有营养，而且耗水量少得多。取消对大米的补贴将使这些努力更加有效。例如，印度通常以高于市场的价格从农民手中购买大米，然后将其作为粮食援助分发给穷人。它应该通过对农民和穷人的收入支持取代补贴和免费大米，使其干预措施对大米更加不友好。这将鼓励农民根据当地情况选择最好的作物——印度西北部的大部分农业将在一夜之间从水稻转向小麦)”可推知，作者建议印度政府用更好的当地作物代替大米，尽力吸引生产者和消费者远离大米。故选C项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段提出的绿色革命对于人类大米生产的成就，第二段提出世界大米的产量有所下降，第三段讲解了这背后的原因，第四段“Riceisnotjustavictimofclimatechange,butalsoacontributortoit.Itisabiggersourceofgreenhousegasthananyfoodstuffexceptbeef.(水稻不仅是气候变化的受害者，也是气候变化的推动者。它是除牛肉以外最大的温室气体来源)”表明大米的生产会导致温室气体的进一步加剧造成恶性循环，最后一段建议印度和印度尼西亚政府应该采取的措施可知，本文介绍了全球大米危机这一现象，并给出了合理建议，D选项“解决当前全球大米危机的思路”适合作为最佳标题。故选D项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Vegetablesarefilledwithnutrients.However,kidsusuallyhateeatingthem.Herearefiveofthemostcommonreasonswhymostkidsdon’treallyenjoythem.Kidslackinexposure.Thebestwaytogetkidstoeattheirvegetablesistoensurethattheyareexposedtothemearlyon.____16____.Therefore,ifyouwantyourkidstolovevegetables,start,exposingthemearly.Thevegetablestastebitter.Kidsaresuperintothesweetandsaltyflavors,butsometimesvegetableshaveabittertaste.Thegoodnewsisthatthemoreyoueatvegetables,thelessunpleasantthey’lltaste.Ifyourkidsjustwon’teatthem,youcanmixthemwithotherfoodorcookthemdifferently.____17____.Kidsareallergic(过敏的).Vegetablescontainvitaminsandminerals.____18____.Somekidsareallergictocertainvegetables,makingithardtoeatthem.Soit’sbesttofindoutifyourkidsareallergictoanyvegetablesbeforeyoutrytogetthemtoeat.Kidsareforcedtoconsume.Ifyouhavenoideawhytheydon’teatthem,trygivingthemasnackwithsomevegetables.____19____.Instead,praiseyourkidsforeatingthem.Thenthey’remorelikelytotryandeat.____20____.Sometimeskidsgowiththeflowanddowhatothersdo.Theytendtocopythebehavioroftheirparents.Soifyou’renoteatingyourvegetables,yourkidswon’t,either.Thebottomlineisthatifyourkidsarepickyeaters,it’sprobablybecauseofyou.A.JustkeeptryingB.FamilyhatevegetablesC.However,thisdoesn’tmeanthey’reforeveryoneD.Don’ttrytoohardtogetyourkidstoeatvegetablesE.Somevegetablesarenotfreshanddon’tlookappealingF.Mostkidsdon’tstarteatingvegetablesuntilaboutage2or3G.Whattheyhearaboutvegetablesaffectstheirthoughtsaboutthem【答案】16.F17.A18.C19.D20.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了大多数孩子不喜欢吃蔬菜的原因及应对方法。【16题详析】下文“Therefore,ifyouwantyourkidstolovevegetables,start,exposingthemearly.(因此，如果你想让你的孩子喜欢蔬菜，那就早点让他们接触。)”建议让孩子早点儿接触蔬菜，选项F“大多数孩子直到2岁或3岁才开始吃蔬菜”和下文是因果关系，说明孩子开始接触蔬菜的年龄。故选F项。【17题详析】上文“Ifyourkidsjustwon’teatthem,youcanmixthemwithotherfoodorcookthemdifferently.(如果你的孩子不吃，你可以把它们和其他食物混合在一起，或者用不同的方法烹饪。)”建议如果孩子不吃，就要想办法，选项A“要不断去尝试(其他方法)”承接上文，建议继续去尝试新的办法。故选A项。【18题详析】上文“Vegetablescontainvitaminsandminerals.(蔬菜含有维生素和矿物质。)”说明蔬菜好处多，选项C“然而，这并不意味着它们适合所有人”承接上文，转折语义，蔬菜虽然好，但也不是适合所有人，引出下文“Somekidsareallergictocertainvegetables,makingithardtoeatthem.(有些孩子对某些蔬菜过敏，吃起来很困难。)”说明有些孩子就不能吃某些蔬菜。故选C项。【19题详析】下文“Instead,praiseyourkidsforeatingthem.Thenthey’remorelikelytotryandeat.(相反，赞美你的孩子吃了它们。然后他们更有可能尝试吃东西。)”建议用赞扬的方法鼓励孩子尝试吃东西，选项D“不要强迫让你的孩子吃蔬菜”引领下文，建议态度不要太强硬，不能强迫。强迫和赞扬意义相对。故选D项。【20题详析】下文“Sometimeskidsgowiththeflowanddowhatothersdo.Theytendtocopythebehavioroftheirparents.Soifyou’renoteatingyourvegetables,yourkidswon’t,either.Thebottomlineisthatifyourkidsarepickyeaters,it’sprobablybecauseofyou.(有时孩子们随大流，做别人做的事。他们倾向于模仿父母的行为。所以如果你不吃蔬菜，你的孩子也不会吃。最重要的是，如果你的孩子挑食，那可能是因为你。)”说明孩子不吃蔬菜的原因可能是模仿父母的行为，选项B“家人不喜欢蔬菜”概括本段主题，说明家人讨厌蔬菜是孩子不吃蔬菜的原因之一。故选B项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。KristinSchellturnedadeliverymistakeintoawaytoconnectwithneighbors.Tenyearsago,herfamily____21____toanewhomeinTexas.Oneday,Kristin____22____afewpicnictablesonlineforapartyinherbackyard.Thedeliverymansetonetabledowninherfrontyard____23____,andKristincouldn’tgetthe____24____outofherhead.“Aftertheparty,Ipaintedthetableturquoise(青绿色)—myfavoritecolor—andputitinthefrontyard,justafewfeetfromthesidewalk,”shesaid.ThatturquoisetablebecametheplacewhereKristinandherkids____25____.Theyusedtodoactivitiesatthekitchentable,buttheynowdidthemoutfrontatthepicnictable.“Wegot____26____aboutwherewespentourtime,”Kristinsaid.Neighborsbegantostopbytointroducethemselvesandsitdownforachat.Kristinaskedpeopleto____27____heratthetableforcoffee.“Itwasasimple____28____toslowdownandconnectwithothers,”shesaid.Theturquoisetablewas____29____andhadasharedfeeling.Peopleoften____30____toinviteothersintotheirhomes.Theythinktheirhouseisnotspacious,ortheydon’thaveenoughtime.Kristin’spicnictabletakesawaythepressureandtheexcuse.____31____bytheact,neighborsputapicnictableintheirfrontyardtoo.Amovementwas____32____.AdecadeaftertheirTexasbeginnings,thousandsofTurquoiseTables____33____inthecountry.Notallofthemareactuallyturquoise.TexasChristianUniversityinFortWorthhasseveralpurpletablesto____34____theirteamcolor.“Nomatterwhat____35____itis,it’safriendshiptable,”Kristinsaid.21.A.admitted B.related C.moved D.applied22.A.changed B.bought C.missed D.held23.A.bychoice B.byluck C.byheart D.bymistake24.A.image B.driver C.truck D.voice25.A.ranout B.calmeddown C.hungout D.sliddown26.A.careful B.worried C.curious D.happy27.A.join B.call C.thank D.save28.A.word B.way C.mind D.ability29.A.terrible B.endless C.familiar D.inviting30.A.expect B.learn C.hesitate D.offer31.A.Inspired B.Qualified C.Forced D.Trusted32.A.recorded B.registered C.born D.paid33.A.exist B.fall C.matter D.agree34.A.ignore B.mix C.hide D.match35.A.grade B.color C.honor D.model【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.A25.C26.D27.A28.B29.D30.C31.A32.C33.A34.D35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。克里斯汀·谢尔(KristinSchell)在前院放置了一张青绿色餐桌，与邻居和陌生人建立联系。在她的宣传和带动下，现已形成了一场全国性的运动。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：十年前，她的家人搬到了德克萨斯州的一个新家。A.admitted承认；B.related联系；C.moved移动，搬家；D.applied应用。由下文“anewhomeinTexas”可知，这里指“搬家”到新家。故选C项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，Kristin在网上买了几张野餐桌，准备在自家后院举办派对。A.changed改变；B.bought买；C.missed错过；D.held持有。由“afewpicnictablesonline”可知，这里指KristinSchell“买了”几张野餐桌。故选B项。【23题详析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：送货员错误地把一张桌子放在了她的前院，Kristin无法从脑海中抹掉这一图像。A.bychoice自愿；B.byluck幸运地是；C.byheart背得出，靠记忆；D.bymistake错误地。由上文“adeliverymistake”可知，这里指“错误地”把一张桌子放在了前院。故选D项。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：送货员错误地把一张桌子放在了她的前院，Kristin无法从脑海中抹掉这一图像。A.image图像，印象；B.driver驱动器；C.truck卡车；D.voice嗓音。由下文“outofherhead”以及语境可知，这里指Kristin无法把桌子放前院的“图像”从脑海里抹去。故选A项。【25题详析】考查动词词组辨析。句意：那张绿松石色的桌子成了Kristin和她的孩子们逗留的地方。A.ranout用完；B.calmeddown使...平静下来；C.hungout闲逛，逗留；D.sliddown滑下。由下文“Theyusedtodoactivitiesatthekitchentable,buttheynowdidthemoutfrontatthepicnictable.”以及语境可知，这里指Kristin和孩子们经常在前院这桌子旁“逗留”玩。故选C项。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们很高兴在那里度过了时光。A.careful小心的；B.worried忧心忡忡的；C.curious好奇的；D.happy快乐的。由上文“Theyusedtodoactivitiesatthekitchentable”可知，他们很“高兴”在那度过快乐的时光。故选D项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Kristin请人们和她一起到桌子旁喝咖啡。A.join加入；B.call呼叫；C.thank谢谢；D.save拯救。由下文“atthetableforcoffee”以及语境可知，Kristin邀请邻居“加入”自己喝咖啡。故选A项。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一种放慢速度并与他人建立联系的简单方法。A.word单词；B.way方式；C.mind心智；D.ability能力。由上文“Kristinaskedpeopletoheratthetableforcoffee.”以及语境可知，这样做是一种很好建立和别人沟通的“方法”。故选B项。【29题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：绿松石色的桌子很有吸引力，有一种共同的感觉。A.terrible糟糕的；B.endless无尽的；C.familiar熟悉的；D.inviting吸引人的。由上文“Theyusedtodoactivitiesatthekitchentable,buttheynowdidthemoutfrontatthepicnictable.”可知，这里指绿松石色的桌子“很有吸引力”。故选D项。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们常常在邀请别人到家里做客时犹豫不决。A.expect预期；B.learn学习；C.hesitate犹豫；D.offer提供。由下文“Theythinktheirhouseisnotspacious,ortheydon’thaveenoughtime.”可知，这里指人们存在担心，所以对邀请别人到家里做客时“犹豫不决”。故选C项。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：受此启发，邻居们也在自家前院放了一张野餐桌。A.Inspired启发；B.Qualified能胜任；C.Forced强迫；D.Trusted信任。由下文“neighborsputapicnictableintheirfrontyardtoo”可知，邻居受KristinSchell的行为有所“启发”。故选A项。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一场运动诞生了。A.recorded记录；B.registered注册；C.born出生，诞生；D.paid支付。由下文“AdecadeaftertheirTexasbeginnings,thousandsofTurquoiseTablesinthecountry”可知，前院放桌子的运动“诞生”了。故选C项。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在得克萨斯州成立十年后，该国已有数千张绿松石餐桌。A.exist存在；B.fall下降；C.matter要紧；D.agree同意。由上文“neighborsputapicnictableintheirfrontyardtoo”以及语境可知，该国已有数千张绿松石餐桌“存在”了。故选A项。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：位于沃思堡的得克萨斯基督教大学有几张紫色的桌子来搭配他们的球队颜色。A.ignore忽略；B.mix混合；C.hide隐藏；D.match搭配。由下文“theirteamcolor”以及语境可知，得克萨斯基督教大学把桌子弄成紫色是为了“搭配”他们的球队颜色故选D项。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不管它是什么颜色，它都是一张友谊桌。A.grade等级；B.color颜色；C.honor荣誉；D.model模型。由前文“purpletables”可知，这里指友谊桌应不在乎“颜色”。故选B项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。GanDewasanancientChineseastronomerbornintheStateofQi.AlongwithShiShen,heisbelievedtobethefirst____36____historyknownbynametoproduceastarcatalogue(星表).Hemade____37____(extreme)detailedobservationsofthefivemajorplanetsduringthe____38____(four)century.GanDemayhavebeenthefirsttodescribeoneofthe____39____(satellite)ofJupiter(木星),usuallyinvisiblewithouttheaidoftelescopes.Hegavethefollowing____40____(describe)ofJupiter’sjourney:Every12yearsJupiterreturnsto____41____samepositioninthesky;every370daysitdisappearsinthefireoftheSunintheeveningtothewest,30dayslateritreappearsinthemorningtotheeast...In1981,Gan’swork____42____(identify)byXiZezongasdescribinganaked-eyeobservationofeitherofthetwo____43____(large)andbrightestsatellitesinsummer365BC.GanwasoneoftheearliestpractitionersofChineseastronomy.Astheearliestattempt____44____(document)theskyduringtheWarringStatesperiod,GanDe’sworkpossesseshighscientificvalue.Hewrotetwobooks,theSuixingJingandtheTianwenXingzhan,____45____sadlybothtextshavebeenlost.Someofhisworks’titlesandfragments(片段)quotedfromthemareknownfromlatertexts.【答案】36.in37.extremely38.fourth39.satellites40.description/descriptions41.the42.wasidentified43.largest44.todocument45.but/yet【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了战国时期著名的天文学家甘德，他是中国天文学的先驱之一，著有《天文星占》，《岁星经》等著作。【36题详析】考查介词。句意：他和石珅被认为是历史上第一个制作星表的人。结合句意可知，表示“在历史上”为inhistory。故填in。【37题详析】考查副词。句意：他在公元四世纪对五大行星进行了极其详细的观测。空处作状语修饰detailed，用extreme对应的副词形式extremely。故填extremely。【38题详析】考查序数词。句意：他在公元四世纪对五大行星进行了极其详细的观测。根据the及century可知，此处为序数词，表示“第四”用fourth。故填fourth。【39题详析】考查名词的数。句意：甘德可能是第一个描述木星卫星的人，通常不借助望远镜是看不见的。oneof后面搭配可数名词复数satellites。故填satellites。【40题详析】考查名词。句意：他对木星的运行历程作了如下描述：每隔12年，木星会回到天空中的同一位置；每隔370天，它就会在太阳的火焰中消失在西边的晚上，30天后，它又会在东边的早晨出现……空处放在gave的后面作宾语，description“描述”可作不可数名词，也可作可数名词，当为