高三英语一轮复习宾语从句课件

NounClauses

Object

Clauses宾语从句Learningobjectives:1.learnthestructureofobjectclause

.knowhowtojudgetheobjectclause.mastertheconjunctionsofobjectclause.Whatdothesentenceshaveincommonintheirstructures?object宾语表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词（短语）和介词的后面，常由名词、代词、数词、动词的-ing形式、不定式和从句等来充当。Iboughtabook.Iwentshoppingyesterday.Itakecareofhim.Ihope

(that)hewillbefinesoon.S+V+OConclusion总结：思考：宾语从句的结构：表语从句的构成:宾语从句是指在复合句中做________的从句。它位于主句的____________之后，动作的对象或承受者。宾语动词/介词+Ihope

(that)hewillbefinesoon.引导词简单句Howtojudgewhetheritisaobjectclause?动词/介词1.简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成

Ihope

(that)hewillbefinesoon.2.复合谓语：(1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。Youmayrememberwhathesaidyesterday.(2)由系动词+表语构成。这类形容词多表示感情，如happy，glad，pleased，sad，sure，afraid等。I’mafraid

(that)hecan’tcome．可以接宾语从句动词有：ALLOFTHEM!!!可以接宾语从句动词有：1.Iamtalkingaboutwhetherweshouldgo.2.Hewasinterestedinwhatshedid.3.Weareproudofwhathedid.宾从连词引导词___

___在从句中不作成分that/whether/if无含义/是否___

___在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语what,who,whom,which,whatever,whoever,whomever,whicheverwhose___

___在从句中作状语when,where,how,why从属连词连接代词连接副词II:Connectivewords从属连词一、从属连词：that1.Hesays(that)hewillcomehereatfive.2.Iknow(that)theyhavereadthenovel.3.Histeachertoldhim(that)hemadeamistake.4.IamsurethatIwillrealizemydreamoneday!用法归纳：a.that引导宾语从句时，只起______作用，作/不作句子成分，有/没

有意义。b.that引导的宾语从句，表示陈述一件事情，即由陈述句转化而来。故，要求主句谓语动词是think，hear，hope，wish，remember，forget，know，say，guess等词，或者谓语动词是“连系动词＋形容词”构成的“系表”结构√连接√特殊用法1：用法归纳：表示___________________(advise,suggest,request,

propose,demand,order)等名词后面的表语从句要用虚拟语气,即谓语动词用“should

+动词原形”,should可省略。Isuggestthatyou(should)thinkitoverbeforeyoumakeadecision.Ourteacheradvisethatweall___________(take)anactivepartinthecomingsportsmeeting.建议，要求，命令(should)take特定动词＋that+（should）do结构特殊用法2：①Shesaid(that)shecouldn’ttellmeandthatIcouldn’tunderstand.②Hesaid(that)hewasgoodatEnglishandthathewouldgoabroadforfurtherstudy.宾语从句并列时,只省略第一个that特殊用法3：谓语动词为think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy（喜欢，想要）,guess等，如果宾从是否定句，则否定前移。①Idon’tthinkthatyoureallydidit.二、从属连词（一般疑问词）：whether/if1.HewillbehappywhetherIgetthejobornot.2.IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelings.3.Wegavehersomeadvice,butIdon’tknowifshe’llacceptit．用法归纳：a.whether/if引导宾语从句时，只起______作用，作/不作句子成分，有/没

有意义:是否。b.if和whether均可表示“是否”，引导宾语从句，一般情况下二者可以互换。连接√√但在下列情况下，只能用whether而不能用if：1.介词后面用whether不用if。

Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughmoney.2.whether和ornot连用时不用if。

Idon’tknowwhetherhewillhelpmeornot.3.某些动词(如discuss)后的宾语从句,用whether而不用if。Theydiscussedwhethertheyshouldhelpher.4.宾语从句置于句首表强调时,用whether,不用if。Whetheritistrueornot,Icantsay.这是不是真的,我不敢说5.whether+不定式，用whether不用if。Ijustwonderingwhethertostayforanotherhour.不借首饰，不讨论但在下列情况下，只能用if而不能用whether：1.宾语从句为否定形式时,通常用if,而不用whether。Iaskedherifhewouldnotcome.我问她他是不是不会来。注意：

if只有在宾从中才作“是否”理解，在常见的条件状语从句中翻译为“如果”.

IfIpasstheexam,Iwillgetapresentfrommymom.如果通过考试，我将从妈妈那里得到个礼物。选用whether或if完成句子。1.Idon’tknow____________heisfreeornot.2.Maryhasn'tdecided________ornotsheshouldagreewithhim.3.We’reworriedabout____________heissafe.4.Idon’tknow___________togo.5.Theyarediscussing________theyshouldputoffthemeeting.whether/ifwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether连接代词由特殊疑问词引导的宾从：

我不知道你喜欢做什么。 疑问语序变成陈述语序Idon'tknow

Whatdoyouliketodo?Idon'tknow

whatyouliketodo.what做宾语，意为"什么"who/whom/whose/which/what等

本身具有词义。四、连接代词（特殊疑问词）：连接代词在宾语从句中可充当主语、宾语、表语或定语，。“缺什么补什么”：根据从句句意与所缺成分确定连接词如果句子中缺主语，指人用

，指物用

。如缺宾语，指人用

，指物用

。如缺定语用

或

。①Doyouknow______willteachusEnglish?②Tellme_____bookyouareinterestedin.③Dadcannotremember

______MomwantsforChristmas.whowhatwhomwhosewhatwhichwhowhichwhatwho/whom/whose/which/what等

本身具有词义。四、连接代词（特殊疑问词）：特殊用法1：（1）how+完整句子“如何，

怎样”

Idon’tknowhowthiscompanyremainsprofitable.（2）how+adj./adv表示程度Somepeopledonotrealizehowimportantthespendingoneducationis.Somestudentsdonotknowhowwelltheyperforminthistest.how引导名词性从句连接副词五.连接副词:连接副词在宾语从句中充当状语，可表时间、地点、原因、方式等，不可省。依据“缺什么补什么”原则确定正确的连词。如缺时间状语用

；地点状语用

。

原因状语用

；方式状语用

。whenwherewhyhowwhen/where/why/how等本身具有词义①

Iaskedhim

_______he'dbebacktopickmeup.②

Theoldmanknew

_______thetreasurewaskept.③Tellme

______youdidit.④I'llshowyou

_____toloadthesoftware.whenwherewhyhow表语从句的引导词从属连词在从句中不作句子成分连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语连接副词在从句中作状语whenwherewhyhowwhat/whateverwhich/whicheverwho/whoeverwhom,whose...that,whether/ifSummarySummary做题步骤：1、分析从句成分，如果缺成分（主宾表），

——what（ever）、who（ever）/whom

注意：whose/which+名词+主语+宾从谓语动词2、如果不缺成分，看主句谓语动词是否是疑问语气，如果不是——that（肯定事实语气）

如果是——whether、why、how、when、where3、意思带入翻译，是否合适流畅。(1)Heasked_____couldanswerthisquestion.(2)Doyouknow_______youarewaitingfor?(3)Wewantedtoknow________writingwasthebestinourclass.(4)Hewantedtoknow______hadhappenedtothem.(5)Idon’tknow_______schoolheisin.用恰当的连接词填空whowhomwhosewhatwhich

注意判断各连接词的含义(6)Iwantedtoknow_______hewaslate.(7)Canyoutellme______thenearesthospitalis?(8)Doyouknow_____hewillleaveforHongKong?(9)Wouldyoupleasetellme_____wecanfinish

theworkontime?

whywherewhenhow填空练习：1)Willyoutellme_______Icankeephealthy?2)Hetoldme_______hisfatherhaddiedand_______hehadtomakealivingalone.3)Idon’tknow_________therewillbeabusornot.4)Hismotherissatisfiedwith______hehasdone.5)Iwanttoknow_______sheislookingafter.6)Wethinkitnecessary_____wetakeplentyofhotwatereveryday.howthatthatwhetherwhatwhothatSUMMARY连接词意义功能从属连词that无意义不充当成分whether/if是否不充当成分连接代词who(ever)谁主语、宾语、表语whom谁宾语whose谁的定语what（ever）（无论）什么，所...的主语、宾语、表语、定语which（ever）（无论）哪一个主语、宾语、定语连接副词when何时时间状语where哪里地点状语why为什么原因状语how如何/怎么方式状语时

态Ihear(that)Jim

(be)aworkertwoyearsago..Jim(cook)dinnertomorrow.Jim(sing)apopularsongnow.Jim(play)basketballwhenhisfathercameback.waswillcookissingingwasplaying1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。（主现从任意）一般过去式一般将来时正在进行时过去进行时2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态。（主过从过）1)Hewill

gotoHongKong.2)He

is

sick.3)He

isreading

abook.1)He__________toHongKong.2)He______sick.3)He____________abook.He

said辨一辨waswasreadingwouldgo3.当宾语从句指客观真理，用一般现在时态。（特殊性原则）ATTENTIONHe

told

me(that)SummerafterSpring.isI

wastold

(that)thesunmuchbiggerthanthemoon.

isnonewsgoodnews.Myparents

toldme(that)is语

态句子的两种语序:1.陈述句结构叫陈述语序:主+谓

（即：正序）

2疑问句结构叫疑问语序：谓+主（即：倒序）

宾语从句必须用________陈述语序Hegoesgotoschoolbybus.Doeshegotoschoolbybus?

练习：将下列句子改成陈述句语序：

1.Isthereabanknearhere?

2.IsitonFifthAvenue?

3.Aretheydoinghomework?

Thereisabanknearhere.ItisonFifthAvenue.

Theyaredoinghomework.重

难

点It作形式宾语宾语补足语:

在英语中有些及物动词，接了宾语意义仍不完整，还需要有一个其他的句子成分，来补充说明宾语的意义、状态等，称为宾语补足语，简称宾补。接宾补的谓语动词：find、make、consider、feel、think等。Hefoundhisroominacompletemess.他发现他的房间一团糟。Wemadehimourmonitor.我们使他做班长。think，believe，make，find，consider，feelS++it+adj./n.+that从句+todosthWethinkitimportanttodoexerciseeveryday.Wethinkituselessdoingexerciseeveryday.IthinkitnogoodspendingtoomuchtimewatchingTV.IfounditdifficulttolearnEnglishwell.+nouse/nogood/useless+doingsththink，believe，make，find，consider，feelS++itWethink

itimportantthatwedoexerciseeveryday.1）有些动词后的宾语从句，常放在宾语补足语之后，且用it作形式宾语。Ifeel

itcomfortablethatwelivewitharobot.Iconsider

itusefulthatwereadaloudinthemorning.Hefinds

itdifficultthathecanfinishtheworkontime.2）有些表示喜好，憎恶的动词，如appreciate,enjoy,dislike,hate,like,love等，后面不能直接接宾语从句，需要加it,再加if/when引导的宾从。I'dappreciate

ifyoucanteachmehowtousethecomputer.Ihate___

whentheroomisnotclean.Idislike_____whenhetalkswithhismouthfull.ititit3)有些动词（短语），如dependon，relyon，seeto，owe(归功于)等后面不