被动语态 课件-高三上学期英语一轮复习专项

被动语态Somebodycleansthisroomeveryday.Thisroomiscleanedeveryday.basicinformationcompare主动语态被动语态英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态中主语是动作的执行者，被动语态中主语是动作的承受者。PART-ONEWhenweusepassivevoice?Howtousepassivevoice?usage1.使用被动语态的几种情况(1).不知道或不必提及动作的执行者这类被动句的特点是不用by引出动作的执行者。PrintingwasintroducedintoEuropefromChina

（bysb）.(2).强调、突出动作的承受者时强调动作的承受者，把承受者作为谈话的中心时，用被动语态。这类被动句可以用by引出动作的执行者，也可以不用。Manybuildingsweredestroyedinthebigfire.usage1.使用被动语态的几种情况(3).出于礼貌或某种原因，避免说出动作的执行者时Youwillbecontacted.

我们会和你联系的。(4).公告、通知、新闻报道、报纸标题、科技文章中-客观/礼貌Rubbishisstrictlyprohibited

here.

此处严禁倒垃圾。(公告)SatisfactionGuaranteed/Manwanted.usage2.常见时态的被动语态basicstructure：主语+be+done(动词过去分词)+其他！在“be+动词过去分词”结构中，助动词be有时态、人称和数的变化，变化规则与系动词be相同。双宾语情况：give,send,take,bring,teach,tell,offer,sing,buy,promise,make,write,ask,lend,show,pay被动句时：

一般把“人”提前作主语；将“物”提前则要在“人”的前面加to

或for。givesbsth--sbbegivensth/sthbegiventosb时态语态：bedone时态主动语态被动语态一般现在时do/does一般过去时did一般将来时willdo过去将来时woulddo现在完成时have/hasdone过去完成时haddone现在进行时am/is/aredoing过去进行时was/weredoing含情态动词的被动should/can/must/mightdostham/is/aredonewas/weredonewillbedonewouldbedonehave/hasbeendonehadbeendoneam/is/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdoneshould/can/mustbedone2.一般过去时:1.一般现在时:3.一般将来时:4.现在进行时:5.现在完成时:was/were+doneThestreetiscleaned(clean)bythedustmeneverymorning.

Thesebookswerewritten(write)in1969.Somepinetreeswillbeplanted(plant)intheparktomorrow.Anewbridgeisbeingbuilt(build)overtherivernow.Allthelettershavebeenposted(post)sofar.willbe+doneam/is/arebeing+donehave

/hasbeen+done

小试牛刀am/is/are+done判断是否被动-时态-具体结构

小试牛刀Theroadswerebeingwidened(widen)lastweekatthistime.Shehadsaidthatthebridgehadbeenwashed(wash)awaybytheflood.Thebabymustbelooked(look)afterwell.6.过去进行时:7.过去完成时:

8.含有情态动词:

was/werebeing+donehadbeen+done

must/can/may…+bedone1.Thatplay_______________(put)onagainsometimenextmonth.2.Thebook________________(print)nowandwillcomeout

soon.3.Planes,carsandtrains_____________(use)bybusinesspeoplefortravelling.4.

A

beautifulhorse______________(draw)

byJohntheotherday.5.Theoldmanisill.

He__________(mustsend)to

hospitalatonce.6.Whatisdonecannot_________.(undo)willbeputareusedwasdrawnisbeingprintedmustbesent

小试牛刀beundone木已成舟。PART-TWO被动语态的要点！不能用于被动语态的情况

要点1（1）有些及物动词/短语不能用于被动，常见的有：have有,cost花费,lack缺少,own拥有,belongto属于,takepartin参加（2）不及物动词和短语不能用于被动语态，常见的有：happen/takeplace/occur发生,remain剩下,breakout爆发,last持续,comeout出版,comeup被提出,loseheart失去信心,datefrom/datebackto追溯到,runout用完主动形式表被动意义的情况

要点21.

连系动词（如look,appear,

seem,

sound,taste,

smell,

feel；turn,stay,become,get,grow,keep,prove,turnouttobe等）+adj/n.构成系表结构时，用主动形式表示被动意义。道理是，“事物”作句子主语给人在感官上某种感觉,不用被动语态。Hissuggestionsoundsgreat.

他的建议听起来不错。Silkfeelssmooth.

丝绸摸起来光滑。Thenewsprovestobe/turnsouttobetrue.消息被证明时真的。主动形式表被动意义的情况(2)不及物动词：

sell,wash,cut,read,wear,write,run,burn,clean,shut,start,open等后带状语well,easily,smoothly等.用主动表达被动含义：表示主语内在品质或性能Thematerialhaswornthin.磨薄了。Theclothwashes/sellseasily.这布很耐洗/很畅销Thepoemreadssmoothly.这首诗读起来很顺畅。Thisovencleanseasily.这烤箱oven容易擦洗。Thedoorwon’tshutandthecarwon’tstart.门关不上，车发动不了。Thelibrarydoesn’topenonSundays.图书馆星期天不开门。

要点2(3).在need,

want,

require+V-ing表示被动，意为需要做;

deserve/beworth/bear+V-ing”表示被动，意为“值得/应当做...”。=need/wantrequiretobedone/=deserve/beworth/beartobedone主动形式表被动意义的情况

要点2Thehouseneedscleaning.→Thehouseneeds____________.Themovieisworthseeing.

→Themovieisworth____________.tobecleanedtobeseen主动形式表被动意义的情况

要点2Thequestionisdifficulttoanswer.Volleyballmatchisveryinterestingtowatch.(4).在“be+形容词+不定式”结构中，不定式表示的动作与句子主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系时，用主动形式表示被动意义。常见形容词有：cheap,easy,comfortable,difficult,hard,light,heavy,expensive,pleasant,interesting,fit等。

这个问题很难回答。

排球比赛很好看。(5).“get+过去分词”,也可以表示被动含义。此时get失去原有的意义，更接近be的功能：getmarried结婚;getpaid获得报酬;gethurt受伤;gettrapped/stuck/caught被困getlost迷路；

getdrunk喝醉了；getdressed穿好衣服；

getrunover被(车)轧主动形式表被动意义的情况

要点2Youshouldprotectyourskintoavoidgetting

(sunburn)whenyougooutinthehotsun.sunburnt(6)“it+be+过去分词+从句”式的被动结构--据v;人们都v.

e.g.It’ssaidthatshehassomesupernaturalpowers.

It’sreportedthattheyhavediscoveredanewstar.常见的结构还有：Itishopedthat…Itiswellknownthat…Itisbelievedthat…Itmustbepointedoutthat…表被动意义的结构

要点21.Theflightmust__________(book)bytomorrow.2.Thetwins________(looklike)theirmother.3.She__________(invite)toJack’s16thbirthdaypartyinNewJerseyyesterday.4.Thepizza________(taste)deliciouswithoutanycheeseatall.bebookedlooklikewasinvited

tastes5.Thecompanybelievestheproductswill________(sell)wellintherun-uptoChristmas.6.Thestory________(read)well.7.Wouldyoupleasekeepsilent?Theweatherreport________________(broadcast)andIwanttolisten.8.ProfessorWilliamskeepstellinghisstudentsthatthefuture_______(belong)tothewell-educated.

sellreadsisbeingbroadcast

belongs

要点3变被动时要还原to的情况Theymadehimgotherealone.Hewasmade

(go)therealone.TheysawLindagivetheperformance.Lindawasseen______(give)theperformance.togotogivemake,see,hear,watch,notice等感官动词或使役动词：在主动语态里，作宾补的动词不定式不带to，但变为被动语态时，to要还原。PART-THREEpractice[即时演练]单句语法填空1．Now，peoplecanlearnaboutthehistorythroughadocumentarycalledThe

Six：The

Untold

Story

of

Titanic's

Chinese

Passengers，which____________(release)onApril16，2021.2．(2024·江苏南通模拟)Breathingdirtyaircausestheprematuredeathofatleast1，200childrenacrossEuropeeachyear.Actually，manythousandsmore____________(trouble)withphysicalandmentalhealthproblemsthatcouldhavelifelongimpacts.wasreleasedaretroubled3．Sofar，throughtheremotevideomonitoringsystemandtheuseofBDSandotherequipment，theintelligentandinformation-basedthree-dimensionsystemofthe“skyandground”forbiodiversityprotection_____________________(establish)．4．Theyarelivingwiththeirparentsforthemomentbecausetheirownhouse__________________(decorate)．hasbeenestablishedisbeingdecorated选用括号内合适的内容完成下面句子或对话。1.Letters____________(sent)bythepostmanat8everyday.2.Thisbag________________(find)onthebusyesterday.3.Thedresscan’t________________(wash)inhotwater.4.Thistower__________________(not;rebuilt)sincethe1930’s.aresent

wasfoundbewashed

hasnotbeenrebuilt5.Themachine________________(teste)justwhenthemanagercame.6.Thenewplan________________(announce)intwodays.7.Look!Yourcar________________(lift)offtheground.

wasbeingtested

willbeannouncedisbeinglifted8.WhenIstopped,mycar___________(hit)frombehind.9.—Whatwerewedoingat11o’clock?—We____________________(interview)byareporter.washitwerebeinginterviewedTheartistwassurehewould____________(choose),butwhenhepresentedhismasterpiecetotheemperor’schiefminister,theoldmanlaughed.(2020全国III卷)And,asmorechildrenwereborn,morefood___________(need).(2020浙江)Mywashingmachine_________________(repair)thisweek,soIhavetowashmyclothesbyhand.(2018天津)Arescueworkerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswho_______________(trap)inthemountainsfortwodays.(2018北京)bechosenwasneededisbeingrepairedhadbeentrappedTheXi'anCityWallisthemostcompletecitywallthathassurvivedChina'slonghistory.It_________(build)originallytoprotectthecityduringtheTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored.(2021全国甲)wasbuilt“Thisreallyexcitesscientists,”CarlePieters,ascientistatBrownUniversity,says,“becauseitmeanswehavethechancetoobtaininformationabouthowthemoon______________(construct).”(2020全国卷I)isconstructed

Thepartsofamuseumopentothepublic__________(call)galleriesorrooms.Often,onlyasmallpartofamuseum'scollectionisondisplay.(2020新高考I)arecalled1.

这本小说花了他500美元。_____________________________________________________2.

她上个月出版的书买得很好。那本书是关于一个历史可以追溯到宋朝的花瓶展开。Herbook,which

_______________lastmonth___________well.Hisbookisaboutavast,whosehistory______________________________3.

我们的钱已经花光了。_____________________________________________________4.

电影的故事听起来很不错。那部电影值得一看。____________________________________________________________Thisnovelcosted/costshim500dollars.cameoutsoldcoulddatebacktoSongdynasty.Ourmoneyhasrunout.Thestoryofthemoviesoundsnice.Thatfilmisworthwatching.5.

幸运的是，那个在公园里迷路的小男孩，最后在警察局被找到。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6.

众所周知，互联网极大地改善了人们的生活。（被动）___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7.

由于对社会的巨大贡献，他在2017年被授予一枚金质奖章。__________________________________________________________Fortunately,theboy,whogotlostinthepark,wasfinallyfoundinthepoliceoffice.Asisknowntoall,people’sliveshavebeengreatlychangedbytheInternet.Hewasawardedagoldmedalforhisgreatcontributiontothesociety.Readtheintroductiontoasciencefictionnovelandcompletethepassageusingthecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.exploretranslatediscoverregardrepresentsetuprecruitwritegetcaughtupconnectSciencefiction_____________bymanypeopleasamirrorthroughwhichourfuturecanbefreelyimaginedand_______________________.TheThree-BodyProblem,_________byChinesewriterLiuCixin,isoneofthoseastonishingpredictionsaboutthefuture.isregardedexplored/represented