2024-2025学年新教材高中英语UNIT5LANGUAGESAROUNDTHEORLDSectionⅡDiscoveringUsefulStructures课时作业含解析新人教版必修第一册VIP

PAGEPAGE7课时作业22[基础检测]eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ.单词拼法)1．Everyonehasadifferentopinion(看法)onthesubject.2．ThePresident(总统)oftheUnitedStatesvisitedChinalastyear.3．Herfriendsandrelatives(亲戚)attendedthewedding.4．Sheputasoftblanket(毛毯)overthelittlechild.5．Shestartedsingingtothebabyandwasrewarded(回报)withasmile.6．Thecruelty(残忍)ofhiswordscutherlikeaknife.7．Themurdererwassentenced(判决)todeath.8．Shelivesinterror(恐惊)oflosingherjob.9．Hewaseducated(教化)intheUSandthenatOxford.10．Shebegged(恳求)thatsheshouldbeallowedtogo.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ.单句语法填空)1．Mariahaswrittentwonovels,bothofwhichhavebeenmadeintotelevisionseries.2．Abankistheplacewheretheylendyouanumbrellainfairweatherandaskforitbackwhenitbeginstorain.3．ItwasApril29,2001whenPrinceWilliamandKateMiddletonwalkedintothepalacehalloftheweddingceremony.4．Thedaysaregonewhenphysicalstrengthwasallyouneededtomakealiving.5．JuliewasgoodatGerman,FrenchandRussian,allofwhichshespokefluently.6．Wedon'tknowthereasonwhyhedidn'tshowup.7．Thegirlarrangedtohavepianolessonsatthetrainingcentrewithhersisterwhereshewouldstayforanhour.8．—CanyoubelieveIhadtopay30dollarsforahaircut?—Youshouldtrythebarber'swhereIgo.It'sonly15.9．Thenewlybuiltcafé，thewallsofwhicharepaintedlightgreen,isreallyapeacefulplaceforus,speciallyafterhardwork.10．Thesettlementishometonearly1,000people,manyofwhomlefttheirvillagehomesforabetterlifeinthecity.11．Shedidn'ttellmethereasonwhysherefusedtheoffer.12．Mozart'sbirthplaceandthehousewherehecomposed“TheMagicFlute”arebothmuseumsnow.13．It'shelpfultoputchildreninasituationwheretheycanseethemselvesdifferently.14．Isthisthereasonwhyherefusedtodiscussthematterwithus?15．StephenHawkingbelievesthatearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanetwherelifehasdevelopedgradually.[实力提升]eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ.阅读理解)Amothergoatisabletopickoutherownbabyfromitsvoicealonebythetimethekidisjustfivedaysold.ResearchersfromUniversityofLondonplayedkids'“Amotherandthekidrelyalotonsmelltorecognizeoneanotherand，inthewild，duringthefirstweekoftheirlives，theanimalshideingrassanddon'tcallmuch.It'sastrategytheyusetoavoidenemies，”DrElodieBriefer，wholedtheresearch，explainedtoBBCNews.“Themothercallstothekidswhenshewantsthemtocomeandfeed，soweexpectedthatkidswouldrecognizethemothers'voices.”Infact，thiswasthecasefordeer，whichalsousethishidingstrategy，althoughtheydonotbelongtothesamefamilyofspeciesasgoats.Sheandherteamrecordedandplayedbackyoungkids'callstothefemalegoatsandrecordedtheirresponses.Sheexplained，“Evenwhenthecallscamefromkidsthatarefivetosixdaysold，wecouldseethemothersrespondingmoretothevoicesoftheirownbabies.”Hearingthevoiceoftheirownkids，thefemaleswouldlooktowardsthespeakerthatthesoundwascomingfrom，movingaroundandcallinginresponse.Thescientistssaythatunderstandinghowgoatsbehaveandcommunicateisveryimportant.“Thishelpsusunderstandjusthowsmarttheseanimalsare，”saidDrBriefer.“Farmersmightbeabletochangetheirwaytoraisegoatsconsideringthisnaturalbehaviour.”文章大意：这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了母山羊能够从小山羊宝宝发出的叫声中辨别出自己的孩子。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“bleats”mean?A．Habits. B．Voices.C．Responses. D．Videos.答案：B解析：词义揣测题。由其次段“ResearchersfromUniversityofLondonplayedkids'bleatstofemalegoatsandstudiedtheirresponses.Theyweresurprisedtofindthattheanimalswereabletopickouttheirownkids'voices.”可知，来自伦敦高校的探讨人员对母山羊播放小羊的叫声，并探讨它们的反应。他们惊异地发觉，这些动物能够辨别出自己孩子的声音。所以画线单词bleats是voices“声音”的意思。故B选项正确。2．Duringthefirstfewdaysofthebabydeer，themotherandthekidmainlydependon________torecognizeeachotherwhentheyarehidingingrass.A．voice B．touchC．videos D．smell答案：D解析：细微环节理解题。由第三段“Amotherandthekidrelyalotonsmelltorecognizeoneanotherand，inthewild，duringthefirstweekoftheirlives...Infact，thiswasthecasefordeer...”可知，在小羊诞生的第一周，在野外时，羊妈妈和小羊依靠气味来彼此识别对方……事实上鹿也是这种状况。所以在小鹿诞生的几天内，母鹿和小鹿躲在草丛里，主要靠气味来分辨对方。故D选项正确。3．Intheexperiment，whatdoesamothergoatdowhenhearingherkids'voice?A．Makingvoiceinresponse.B．Jumpingoverandover.C．Hidingherselfsomewhere.D．Behavingjustasusual.答案：A解析：细微环节理解题。由第四段“Hearingthevoiceoftheirownkids，thefemaleswouldlooktowardsthespeakerthatthesoundwascomingfrom，movingaroundandcallinginresponse.”可知，听到自己孩子的声音时，母羊会看着发出声音的扬声器，四处走动，并以叫声做出回应。所以在试验中，母羊听到自己孩子的声音时，会以声音回应。故A选项正确。4．Thepassageismainlywrittenfor________toread.A．teachers B．writersC．farmers D．lawyers答案：C解析：推理推断题。由最终一段“Farmersmightbeabletochangetheirwaytoraisegoatsconsideringthisnaturalbehaviour.”可知，考虑到羊的这种自然行为，农夫或许可以变更他们养羊的方式。所以推断出，这篇短文主要是写给农夫，供他们阅读的。故C选项正确。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ.完形填空)TheEnglishlanguageisdifferentfromanyotherlanguage.YetEnglishwordsdonotstaythe__1__.Theyarealways__2__.Peopleneed__3__wordsfornewinventionsandnew__4__.Differentwordscomeinto__5__，orolderwordsareusedinanew__6__.Englishcanchangeby__7__wordsfromotherlanguages.Tomatowasborrowed__8__MexicoandpajamasfromIndia.Thewordcoffee__9__fromTurkey,andteacamefromChina.Now，newspaceandsciencewordsarebeingborrowedfromothercountries,__10__.Newwordsarealsomade__11__addingtwowordstogether.Strawberry,popcorn,andgrandfatherarewordsmadeupof__12__parts.Sometimesnewwordsare__13__formsofolderwords.Thewordphotowasmadefromphotographbycuttingoffthe__14__ofthelongerword.Planewasmadebycuttingoffthe__15__partofairplane.Smogwasmadebyusingonlythefirsttwoandlasttwo__16__fromthewordssmokeandfog.The__17__ofpeopleandproducts__18__becomenewwords.Oursandwichwasnamed__19__amannamedSandwich.ScotchTape,Band­aid,andJellowerenamesmadeupbythecompaniesthatfirst__20__theproducts.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章说明英语不同于其他任何一种语言，它不是一成不变的。其中许多单词来自其他语言。1．A.oldB．placeC．past D．same答案：D解析：通过其次段的提示“Englishcanchange...”以及第三、四段的内容可知。英语词汇不是一成不变的。2．A.adding B．makingC．changing D．borrowing答案：C解析：由文章的其次、三、四段内容以及该空格前一句的提示可以看出，语言是始终在变更的。3．A.many B．newC．mixed D．difficult答案：B解析：由该句中的“newinventionsandnew...”可以看出，当新独创出现时，须要新的词汇对它进行命名。4．A.ideas B．clothesC．jobs D．years答案：A解析：该空与前面的inventions相对应。当新独创、新想法出现时，要有新的词汇与之相对应。5．A.books B．useC．life D．science答案：B解析：comeintouse为固定短语，意为“起先被运用”。6．A.way B．mannerC．grammar D．thought答案：A解析：语言的发展给予原有的词汇新的含义。inanewway“用一种新的方式”。7．A.borrowing B．lendingC．moving D．sucking答案：A解析：由下文的提示“Tomatowasborrowed...”可以看出，有的英语词汇是从其他语言借鉴而来的。8．A.in B．fromC．to D．between答案：B解析：由下文的“fromIndia”可以看出，“Tomato”借自墨西哥的语言。9．A.came B．borrowedC．went D．brought答案：A解析：由后文的“camefromChina”可以看出该空答案为efrom“来自”。10．A.either B．yetC．too D．already答案：C解析：由空格所在句可以看出，与太空和科学相关的新词汇也正在借鉴他国语言。too表示“也”时可用逗号将其与句子的其他部分隔开。11．A.with B．fromC．through D．by答案：D解析：by表示“通过某种方式”，符合该句语意。12．A.seven B．elevenC．two D．ten答案：C解析：依据该句中所给的合成词可以看出，这些词都是由两个词构成的。13．A.shorter B．simpleC．easier D．proper答案：A解析：由后文所举的例子photo是photograph的简写形式可以看出，有的新词汇是由旧词汇缩短而来的。14．A.beginning B．endC．middle D．bottom答案：B解析：photo是将photograph的后半部分去掉后形成的新词。theendof“……的末尾”。15．A.back B．behindC．front D．above答案：C解析：plane是将airplane的前半部分去掉后形成的。16．A.parts B．lettersC．words D．sounds答案：B解析：smog是由smoke的前两个字母和fog的后两个字母组合而成，故该空选letters。17．A.spelling B．charactersC．addresses D．names答案：D解析：后文讲解并描述的是各种产品的名称，故该空应选择names。18．A.can B．can'tC．should D．must答案：A解析：由后文sandwich这个名字来自人名Sandwich可以看出，人名也可以成为新词。19．A.to B．afterC．by D．on答案：B解析：benamedafter为固定搭配，表示“以……命名”。20．A.did B．gotC．made D．invented答案：C解析：that引导的定语从句修饰thecompanies，而公司与这些产品的关系应当是“生产”，即该句中所提到的产品的名字均来自首先制造这些产品的公司。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ.语法填空)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Eliaswasborninthe20thcenturywhentheblackpeoplewereputintoamiserableposition__1__theyhadnorightsatall.Elias，likemostblackpeopleinSouthAfrica，hadlittle__2__(educate)andwasworried__3__whetherhewouldbecomeoutofwork.Thiswastheveryreason__4__hemetMandela.Mandelaalwaysencouragedhimnottoloseheart.Atthattime，blackpeoplehadnorightsof__5__(vote)．Theycouldn'tgetjobstheywanted.Thepartsoftowninwhichtheyhadtoliveweredecidedbywhitepeople.Theyweresenttothepoorareas__6__noonecouldgrowfood.NelsonMandelaorganizedtheANCYouthLeaguetofightagainstthe__7__(govern)．Theyfirstbrokethelawina__8__(peace)way.Whenitwasnotallowed，theydecidedtoanswerviolencewithviolence.SoEliasjoinedtheANCYouthLeague，helpingNelsonMandelablowupsomegovernment__9__(build)．Elias__10__(strong)bel