山东专用2024高考英语一轮复习课时作业20必修4Themeparks含解析

课时作业20ThemeparksⅠ.阅读理解AExpertsarewarningabouttherisksofextremepickyeatingafterateenagerdevelopedpermanentsightlossafterlivingonadietofchipsandcrisps.Sinceleavingprimaryschool,theteenhadbeeneatingonlyFrenchfries,whitebread,aswellasanoccasionalsliceofhamorasausage.Theadolescent,whocannotbenamed,hadseenhisdoctorattheageof14becausehehadbeenfeelingtiredandunwell.AtthattimehewasdiagnosedwithlackofVitaminB12andputonsupplements,buthedidnotstickwiththetreatmentorimprovehispoordiet.Threeyearslater,hewastakentotheBristolEyeHospitalbecauseofprogressivesightloss.DrDenizeAtan,whotreatedhimatthehospital,said：“Hisdietwasonlyaportionofchipsfromthelocalfishandchipshopeveryday.Healsousedtosnackonchips,whitebreadandsometimesslicesofhamorsausage,andnotreallyanyfruitandvegetables.”Theteenexplainedthisasadisliketocertainkindsoffoodthathereallycouldnottolerate,andsochipsandcrispswerereallytheonlytypesoffoodthathewantedandfeltthathecouldeat.DrAtanrecheckedtheyoungman'svitaminlevelsandsaid“hewaslowinB12aswellassomeotherimportantvitaminsandminerals—copper,seleniumandVitaminD.Hewasnotoverorunderweight,butwasseverelymalnutritionalfromhiseatingdisorder.Hehadlostmineralsfromhisbone,whichwasreallyquiteshockingforaboyofhisage.”“Hehadblindspotsrightinthemiddleofhisvision，”saidDrAtan'sassistant.“Thatmeanshecan'tdriveandwouldfinditreallydifficulttoread,watchTVorrecognizefaces,buthecanwalkaroundonhisownbecausehehasgotperipheral(周边的)vision.”Theconditiontheyoungmanhasistreatableifdiagnosedearly.Lefttoolong,however,thenervefibresintheopticnerve(视神经)dieandthedamagebecomespermanent.Nowhehasbeenputonvitaminsupplementsandsenttoadietitianandaspecialistmentalhealthteam.本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了最近英国一名少年由于常年只吃薯条、薯片和其他垃圾食品，最终导致双目失明。这给挑食的人们提了个醒。1．Whatcanweknowabouttheboy?A．Hedidn'tseeadoctor.B．Hecannotseeanythingnow.C．Hehasanormalbodyshape.D．Heinsistedontakingsupplements.答案：C解析：细微环节理解题。依据第一段中teenagerdevelopedpermanentsightloss可知，男孩并没完全失明，只是视力减退；依据第三段中．..hadseenhisdoctorattheageof14可知男孩去看过医生；依据AtthattimehewasdiagnosedwithlackofVitaminB12andputonsupplements,buthedidnotstickwiththetreatmentorimprovehispoordiet.可知，男孩没有坚持吃这些养分剂；依据第六段中Hewasnotoverorunderweight.可知，这个少年并没有超重或体重过轻，所以少年的体型正常，故选C项。2．Whatkindoffooddoestheboyrefusetoeat?A．Crispsandchips. B．Whitebread.C．Hamandsausage. D．Fruitandvegetables.答案：D解析：细微环节理解题。依据第四段中Healsousedtosnackonchips,whitebreadandsometimesslicesofhamorsausage,andnotreallyanyfruitandvegetables.可知，他还常常吃薯片，有时吃几片白面包，间或吃几片火腿，不吃任何水果和蔬菜。所以小男孩拒绝吃水果和蔬菜，故选D项。3．WhatcanwelearnfromDrAtan'swords?A．Vegetablesandfruitaretheonlysourceofvitamins.B．Lackofvitaminsandmineralsmayleadtothelossofsigh.C．Themorevitaminswetake,thebetter.D．Lossofmineralsfrombonecausesblindness.答案：B解析：推理推断题。依据第六段、第七段中hewaslowinB12aswellassomeotherimportantvitaminsandminerals—copper,seleniumandVitaminD.“Hehadblindspotsrightinthemiddleofhisvision，”saidDrAtan'sassistant.可知，少年体内的维生素B12以及其他一些重要的维生素和矿物质——铜、硒和维生素D含量都很低。DrAtan医生说这个少年的视力正中间有盲点。所以通过DrAtan的话可以推断出，缺乏维生素和矿物质可能导致失明，故选B项。BSomeyearsago,MichelAndréfoundhimselfstaringatthebodyofadeadwhaleonabeachintheCanaryIslands.Itwasobviousthattheanimalhadbeenstruckviolentlybyaship—butwhy?Onlylater,aftersurveyingthewhaleswhichlivedintheareaandmeasuringtheincreaseofsoundpollutionfromshipsdiditbecomeclearthattherewasalink.Thewhaleshadbecomedesensitisedtothenoiseofapproachingboatsandwerebeingstruckbythem,oftenseriously.“Weneverthoughtthatthiscouldbesomethingthatcouldkill，”recalls(回忆起)André，whoisthedirectoroftheLaboratoryofAppliedBioacousticsattheTechnicalUniversityofCatalonia,Barcelona.Andréhasspent20yearsdevelopinganadvancedsystemtobetterunderstandwhyincidentslikethishappen.Hisunderwatermicrophoneshaveexposedaworldofdeafeningsoundandanimalcommunicationneverobservedwithsuchclarity(清楚)before.Itwasnotaneasytask.Soundwavesdon'ttravelthroughwaterintheuniform,predictablewaytheydothroughtheair.Instead,thetemperature,salinity(盐度)andflowofwaterhavegreateffectsontheirpath.Whatcanbedone?Onesolutionistochangeshippingroutestocoursewhereshipsarestatisticallylesslikelytomeetanimals.It'salsopossibletoslowshipsdownto18km/horless,whichislesslikelytoseriouslyinjureawhale.Asfordealingwiththerootcauseoftheproblem,theUN'sInternationalMaritimeOrganisationhasalreadypublishedguidelinesonhowtoquietenships,butitwillbeawhilebeforetheeffectsofsuchchangesmightbeobserved.“Theoceanisnotourworld，”commentsAndré.Butitisourstolookafter.Andthankstohiswork,wecanbetterunderstandtheeffectsofsubseasoundpollution.本文是一篇说明文，文章通过介绍MichelAndré的发觉，讲解并描述了海底声污染对于鲸鱼的影响以及相应的应对措施。4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“desensitised”inParagraph2mean?A．Stubborn. B．Flexible.C．Dull. D．Friendly.答案：C解析：词义揣测题。依据原文画线词的描述对象是船只噪音，再依据“andwerebeingstruckbythem,oftenseriously”可知，鲸鱼被靠近的船只碰撞，因为它们对靠近的船只所产生的噪音比较“迟钝”，故C项正确。5．What'sonewaytosolvetheproblemaccordingtothetext?A．Tolowerthespeedofships.B．Toreducethenumberofships.C．Tosetupapreserveunderthesea.D．Togivetheinjuredanimalstimelytreatment.答案：A解析：细微环节理解题。依据第五段中的“It'salsopossibletoshowshipsdownto18km/horless,whichislesslikelytoseriouslyinjureawhale”可知，文中提及可以降低船只速度以解决这个问题，故A项正确。6．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardswhatMichelAndréhasdone?A．Doubtful. B．Disapproving.C．Positive. D．Uncaring.答案：C解析：观点看法题。依据最终一段第三句中的“thankstohiswork,wecanbetterunderstandtheeffectsofsubseasoundpollution”可知，作者对MichelAndré所做的工作持主动看法，故C项正确。thanksto意为“多亏，由于”。7．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Agreatexpert.B．Noiseinthesea.C．Animalsinthesea.D．Seaexplorationtechnology.答案：B解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章通过介绍MichelAndré的工作，讲解并描述了海底噪音对鲸鱼的影响以及降低海底噪音的措施，故B项最符合文章主旨。Ⅱ.七选五Ifyoufindyourselflosingthemotivationtodoyourhomework,youarenotalone.__1__Ifyouwanttogetgoodgrades,ofcourse,youmustdoyourhomework.Here'showtofindthemotivation：__2__Ifyouaretootired,you'lljustwanttowatchtelevisioninsteadofthinkingaboutyourhomework.Plusyou'llhaveamucheasiertimerememberingwhatyou'vereadifyouareenergetic.Turnoffthedistractions.Turnoffthemusicandtelevision.Ifyoudon'tneedyourcomputerortheInternetforyourhomework,turnitoffaswell.Makesureyourstudyareaisfreefromdistractions.__3__Startrightaway.Doingyourhomeworkrightafteryougethomecankeepyoufromfallingintothetrapofendlesshoursofdistractions.__4__AlthoughitmaynotbepopulartodoyourhomeworkonaFridaynight,you'llhavetherestoftheweekendfree.Createaschedule.__5__Planoutwhenyouwilldoeachpartoftheassignment.Splitthemintosmallparts,sothatyoucanfeelgoodaboutcompletingeachpart.Itcanbemucheasiertodealwithabigassignmentorprojectonceyou'vesplititintomanageablepieces.Homeworkcanbeboring,butit'snecessaryifyouwanttopassyourclasses.Onceyoumakeaplantofinishyourhomework,sticktoit.A．Getenoughrest.B．Gatheryourmaterials.C．Writeallofyourassignmentsonachecklist.D．Manystudentsdelayindoingtheirhomework.E．You'lleasilygetdistractedandavoidfinishingyourhomework.F．Plusthematerialyou'velearnedwillstillbefreshinyourmind.G．You'llbeabletofinishyourhomeworkmuchfasterifyoucanfocusonit.有不少学生缺乏做家庭作业的主动性，本文就如何提高学生做家庭作业的主动性给出了一些简洁但行之有效的应对策略。1．D解析：依据第一段“Ifyoufindyourselflosingthemotivationtodoyourhomework,youarenotalone”以及下文给出的几个方法可推知，该空应是说明很多学生做家庭作业缺乏主动性的状况，故选D项。2．A解析：分析文章结构和空处所在的位置可知，本空是该段的主题句。依据本段的两个假设“Ifyouaretootired”和“ifyouareenergetic”可推知，本段的建议是要休息好，故选A项。3．G解析：依据空前一句可知，要确保你的学习区域没有分散留意力的事物，由此可推知，没有了分散留意力的事物的干扰，你就会关注家庭作业，这样你将能更快地完成它，故选G项。4．F解析：承接前一句“Doingyourhomeworkrightafteryougethome...endlesshoursofdistractions”可知，该空应是进一步说明回家后立即做家庭作业的好处，故选F项。5．C解析：依据该段的主题句“Createaschedule”，并和后一句中的“Planout”和“assignment”形成呼应可知，此处表示在创建一个安排时，要把全部的任务写在一个清单上，故选C项。Ⅲ.语法填空NewYorkissamplingsomeofthedelicacies(佳肴)thatpopupintheoffice,eitherwhenstaffersreturnfromChina__1__whenthegoodiesarecookedrighthere.Therearetheannualholidayservingsofbaoziandjiaozianda__2__(various)oftreatscontainingbeanpaste.Theyallhaveuniquetastes.ThisweekIgottotrysomethingnew:gojiberries,also__3__(know)aswolfberries,alongwithcookie­typetreatsbasedonthebrightfruit.HuHe,oneofChinaDaily'swebsiteeditorscurrently__4__(work)inNewYork,gavemeandothercolleagueseachasupply__5__gojiberries.AndIenjoyedtheentirebottleinafewdays.Gojihasbeenregardedasa__6__(tradition)healthsupplementbyChinesepeople.Inrecentyears,thedemandforgojihasbeenrisingandwe__7__(see)increasingnumbersofbuyersfromoverseas.WhyamIgoingonaboutgojiberries?Itturnsoutthattheyhavemanyprettygoodhealth__8__(benefit):T