2024届高考英语 定语从句重难点复习性讲练 讲义

定语从句重难点复习性讲练

关系代词

主语动宾介宾定语

Awhowhowhomwhomwhose（某人的）

thatthat=ofwhomthe

物whichthatwhichwhose（某物的）

=ofwhichthe

whose在定语从句中作定语，表示引导词与whose后的名词为所属关

系。whose多指人，也可指物，可分别与ofwhich/whomthe互换使

用。

Thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.

Thisisthebookofwhichthecoverisblue.

Thisisthebookthecoverofwhichisblue.

关系副词

表示从句动作发生在某时：when=at/on/in+which

表示从句动作发生在某地：where=at/on/in+which

表示从句动作发生的原因：why=for+which

一、何时用关系副词when,where,why引导定语从句？

when引导定语从句:先行词是表示时间的名词而且是从句动作发生的时间

时,用when引导定语从句。

FIIneverforgetthedaywhen(=onwhich)Imetyou.

Thiswasthetimewhen(=atwhich)heleftforBeijing.

Wewillputofftheoutinguntilnextweek,when(=inwhich)wewon'

tbebusy.

where引导定语从句:先行词是表示地点的名词或含有地点意义的抽象名

词而且是从句动作发生的地点时，用where引导定语从句。

Thisisthetownwhere(=inwhich)Ispentmychildhood.

Thetableatwhichsheissittingisanewone.

I*IIshowyouthepointwhereyoufailed.

why引导定语从句:先行词是reason并且从句是表示结果时，用why引

导定语从句。

Thisisthereasonwhy(=forwhich)Ididn'tcomehere.

Thereasonshegavewasnottrue.

特别注意当定语从句缺主语或宾语才直接用which或that引导定语从句。

Thelibrarystudentsoftenstudywasonfire

lastnight.

Thelibrary,wasbuiltinthe1930s,needsrepairing.

Thelibraryyouvisitedyesterdaywasbuiltin1990.

FIIneverforgetthedaywefirstmetinthepark.

rIIneverforgetthetimeIspentoncampus.

rIIneverforgetthetimewasspentwithyou.

二、介词+关系代词应注意的情况：

1.who,that不能用与介词之后

Themanwho/whomyouspoketowasascientist.Themanto

whomyouspokewasascientist.

Thecitythat/whichshelivesinisfaraway.Thecityinwhichshe

livesisfaraway.

2.在固定短语中介词不能提前

Isthisthewatchthatyouarelookingfor?TheoldmanwhomI

amlookingafterisbetter.

三、如何确定介词？把先行词接到从句谓语后面去，看需要什么介词。

L看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配

HeisthemanwhomIthinkyoucandepend.

Thehousewhichhepaid100,000yuanisverybeautiful.

2、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配

HereferredmetosomereferencebookswhichIamnotvery

familiar.

Thisistheherowhomweareproud.

3、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词搭配

TheschoolwhichIstudyistheNo.11highschool.

Therate/speedwhichwildanimalsarebeingdestroyedhas

increased.

Theagewhichchildrencangotoschoolisseven.

4.根据从句中动词与先行词搭配来选用介词，这时是两者兼顾。

Hehaslostthekeytotheboxthepapersarekept.

Myglasses,Iwaslikeablindman,felltotheground

andbroke.

Hisbikehewenttoworkwasstolenlastnight.

5.名词/代词/数词+of+which/whom

Thecommitteeconsistsof20members,5ofarewomen.

Thebookcontains50poems,mostofwaswrittenin1930s.

Therearetwoleft,oneofisalmostfinishedzandtheotherof

isnotquite.

Ihaveasentence,themeaningofIdon'tunderstand.

四、非限制性定语从句和单句的比较

1.1amreadingHarryPorter,isaninterestingbook.

IamreadingHarryPorter;isaninterestingbook.

2.Hefailedintheexam;madehisparentsangry.

Hefailedintheexam,madehisparentsangry.

3.Hehastwosons;bothofareteachers.

Hehastwosons,bothofareteachers.

五、as引导定语从句

1.as引导的限定性定语从句

(1)ThisisthesamebookasIlostyesterday.这本书和我昨天丢的那

本一模一样。

ThisisthesamebookthatIlostyesteday.这本书就是我昨天丢的那

本。

注意：当先行词被thesame修饰时，引导词用as和that时意义不同。

(2)Thisissuchaninterestingbookwealllike.Thisisso

interestingabookwealllike.

这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。(定语从句)

Thisissuchaninterestingbookwealllikeit.Thisis

sointerestingabookwealllikeit.

这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句)

2.as引导的非限制性定语从句

isknowntousall,theearthisround.Theearthis

round,weallknow.

isknowntousallthatXheearthisround.Theearthis

round;isknowntousall.

isknowntousallisthattheearthisround.

注意：非限定性定语从句在句首时只能用as,另外，as有"正如”之意，

而which只有“这一点，这件事”的意思。

3.as与which的区别：只能用as的情况：

(1).酶句型：

thesame.....as;such....as;so...as

即:当先行词有such/so修饰时关系代词常用as.as充当宾语或表语.

Ishalldoitinthesamewayasyoudid.Iwanttobuysuchabookas

youhave.

Heissogoodateacheraswealllike.Heisnotthesamemanashe

was.

比较:Heisnotthemanthatheusedtobe.

(2).代替整个句子，意为〃正如“时，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如：

asweallknow=asisknowntoall,asissaidabove,…

asisoftenthecase,....;asisreportedinthenewspaper,.....

asweexpected/planned;asyouknow/see

六、难点解析：易混情况之含有定语从句的疑问句

Isthishouseyoulivedinlastyear?

A.whereB.thatCwhichD.theone

Thishouseistheone(that)...

Isthisthehouseyoulivedinlastyear?

A.whereB.thatC.inwhichD.theone

Thisisthehouse(that)...

难点解析：易混情况关系代词和关系副词的选用

1.rIIneverforgetthedaysweworkedtogether.不及

物动词。

2.TIIneverforgetthedayswespenttogether.及物动词,

缺宾语

3.1wentbacktotheplaceIspendmychildhood.

及物动词，不缺宾语

4.1wenttotheplaceIvisitedtenyearsago.及物动词，

缺宾语

5.Thisisthereasonhewaslate.

6.Thisisthereasonhegave.及物动词,缺宾语

七、怎样区分where引导的定语从句和状语从句

where前面有被修饰的地点名词时，是定语从句，否则是状语从句。

Whenyoureadbooks,youhadbettermakeamarkatthespot

whereyouhaveanyquestions.定语从句

Whenyoureadbooks,youhadbettermakeamarkwhereyouhave

anyquestions.地点状语从句

区别于其它从句：

Putthenotewhereitcaneasilybefound.地点状语从句

Putthenoteattheplacewhereitcaneasilybefound.定语从句

ThisiswhereIwasborn.表语从句ThisistheplacewhereIwasborn.

定语从句

八、定语从句和名词性从句的转换：先行词和关系词合二为一。

®Anyonewho(=Whoever)leavestheroomlastshouldturnoff

thelights.

®Iwilldoallthat(=what)Icantohelpyou.

®Iwilldowhatever(=anythingthat或everythingthat)Icanto

helpyou.

@

九、关系词的使用规定(参见“高频考点〃)

十、特殊情况

®Idon'tlikethewayhespeakstome.

®ThisisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere.

十一、定语从句与强调句的结合。考查定语从句引导词与强调句引导词that

的位置.在对话中往往省略that部分，如：

—Ican'tfindMr.Brown.Wheredidyoumeethimthismorning?

—Itwasinthehotelhestayed(thatImethimthismorning).

A.thatB.thereC.whichD.where

—Wheredidyougettoknowher?——Itwasonthefarmwe

worked.

A.thatB.thereC.whichD.where

Itwasinthevillageheoncelivedhegothisjunior

education.

A.that;whereB.wherethatC.which;whereD.where;which

十二、分割性定语从句。

定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面，但有些时候也会被同位语、状语、谓语、

其它定语等成分分割。此时此时要能够理清句子结构，慧眼识别先行词及定

语从句。

1.Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome____Iwastakengoodcare

ofinthatfarawayvillage.

A.untilB.thatC.whenD.where

2.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhoawinnerof

scholarshipforthreeyears.A.isB.areC.have

beenD.hasbeen

3.Laterinthischaptercaseswillbeintroducedtoreaders

consumercomplaintshaveresultedinchangesinthelaw.

A.whereB.whenC.whoD.which

4.AfastfoodrestaurantistheplaceJustasthenamesuggests,

eatingisdonequickly.

A.whichB.v/hereC.thereD.what

巩固练习：

填空题：

1.ThisisthedayImethim.

2.ThisisthedayIwillneverforget.

3.Thisisthedaywespenttogether.

4.ThisistheplaceIlivedlastyear.

5.ThisistheplaceIwasborn.

6.ThisistheplaceIvisitedlastyear.

7.Thereasonhegaveforhisbeinglatewasthathis

motherwasill.

8.Thereasonhewaslatewasthathismother

wasill.

9.Thereasonhismotherwasillledtohisbeinglate.

10.1willneverforgetthedayIfirstwenttoschool.

11.1willneverforgetthedaywespentinBeijing.

12.Thehousewevisitedisbeingrepairednow.

13.ThehouseLuxunoncelivedisbeingrepairednow.

14.Isthisthefactorywevisitedlastweek?

15.Isthisfactorywevisitedlastweek?

16.Isthisthefactoryhisfatherworks?

17.Themanyoushookhandsjustnowisourheadmaster.

18.Theroommyfamilyliveusedtobeagarage.

19.DidyoufindthepenIwrotejustnow?

20.DidyoufindthepaperIwrotemyletter?

21.DidyoufindthecompositionIwrotejustnow?

22.1willneverforgettheday.Ifirstwenttoschoolon.

23.1willneverforgetthedayIfirstwenttoschool.

24.（比较）IwillneverforgettheyearIfirstwentto

school.

25.Thisisthegirl.walletislost.

26.Thisisthegirl=^==walletislost.

27.Givemethebook.Thecoverofisred.

28.Givemethebookcoverisred.

29.Givemethebook,thecoverisred.

30.Givemethebook,thecoverisred.

31.Lastweekwevisitedthefactory.Mybrotherworksin.

32.Lastweekwevisitedthefactorymybrotherworks.

33.Lastweekwevisitedthefactorymybrotherworksin.

34.Thereasonwasnotclear.Hedidn'tcomefor.

35.Thereasonhedidn'tcomewasnotclear.

36.FIIneverforgetthedayIjoinedthearmy.

37.TIIneverforgetthefactorymyfatherworked.

38.Tellmethereasonyoucamelate.

39.Thisistheroomtheyoncelived.

40.ThisisthereasonIfailed.

41.Thepencilhewrotewasbroken.

42.Shehasthreechildren,allareatschool.

43.1don'tknowthestudentTomquarreledyesterday.

44.Sheisthegirl=^=Iwentthere.

45.1don'tknowthethingTomandMaryquarreled

yesterday.

46.Thisisthehotelyouwillstay.

47.Thisisthehousemysisterlives

48.Thisisthefactory.1onceworked.

49.Thehousehespent100,000yuanisverybeautiful.

50.1can'tfindtheverypenIwrotethatletter.

51.Chinahasalotoffamouswriters,oneisLuXun.

52.Doyoulikethebookshespent$10?

53.Doyoulikethebookshepaid$10?

54.Doyoulikethebookshelearnedalot?

55.Doyoulikethebooksheoftentalks?

56.Hebuiltatelescopehecouldstudytheskies.

57.Thereisatalltreeoutside,standsourteacher.

58.Chinahasalotofrivers,thesecondlongestisthe

YellowRiver.

59.Thetowerpeoplecanhaveagoodviewisonthehill.

60.ThemanIspokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodat

wrestling.

61.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,mosthadn'

tbeencleanedforatleastayear.

62.Hedidall/everythinghecouldtohelpme.

63.Thisisthe蚱/ythingIamafter.

64.Wetalkedaboutthemenandthethingsweremembered

atschool.

65.Heistheon/yvr\ar\candothework.

66.Thisisthe力ZsfthingIwanttosay.

67.HeisthefinestmanIhaveeverworkedwith.

68.Whoisthemanspoketoyouatthegate.

69.Whichisthestarisnearesttotheearth.

70.Isthereanythingelseyouwanttosay?

71.Anypersonhasthemoneycanjointhegroup.

72.Heoftenspeakstheroleheplayedintheplay,made

othersupset.

73.Heopenedthedoor,infrontofsataboy.

74.ThemantoIspokeisafamousscientist.

75.Theboymotherisdeadwasbroughtupbyhisfather.

76.Thisistheteacherteachesusmaths.

77.SheisthegirlImetattheparty.

78.Themoneyisinthewalletismine.

79.Themoneymymothergavemeyesterdayhasbeen

stolen.

80.Thisisthehousemysisterlivesin.

81.Theriverbanksarecoveredwithtreesflowstothesea.

82.1don'tlikethewayyouspeaktoyourmother.

83.1donztlikethewayhesuggested.

84.Thisistheway______leadstothesmallvillage.

85.ThisisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere.

选择题：

1.Allisusefultousisgood.

A.whichB.whatC.thatD.whether

2.Isthisfactorytheforeignvisitorsvisitedlastweek?

A.whereB.thatC.whichD.theone

3.ShewillneverforgetthedaysshespentinBeijing.

A.whenB.whatC.whichD.why

4.Thisistheschoolmyfatherworkedthirtyyearsago.

A.thatB.whenC.whichD.where

5.Thetextisoneofthemostinterestingstorieslearnedinthe

pastthreeyears.

A.thathaveB.thathavebeen

C.whichhasD.whichhasbeen

6.Thecollegewon'ttakeonanyoneeyesightisweak.

A.whoB.whoseC.ofwhomD.which

7.Letmethinkofpropersituationthissentencecanbeused.

A.whereB.thatC.whichD.ofwhich

8.Themanyouaretalkingisinthenextroom.

A.towhomB.aboutwhomC.whoD.whom

9.Thisisthefactoryheusedtoworkat,manyworkersof

stillhaveagoodrelationshipwithhim.A.that;itB.which;

whom

C.that;whichD.which;that

10.Hereisthebicycleintheshop.

A.thatyousawitB.thatsawit

C.yousawD.yousawit

11.Thosetotakepartinthegamewritedownyournames,

please.

A.whoB.whowantC.thatwantsDwant

12.1,yourgoodfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouout.

A.whoisB.whatisC.whatamD.whoam

13.Hiswalking-sick,hecan'twalk,waslostyesterday.

A.thatB.withwhichC.whichD.withoutwhich

14.Therearethreelibrariesinourschool,werebuiltfiveyears

ago.

A.allofthemB.eitherofthem

C.allofwhichD.bothofthat

15.Thereasonhecan'tcomeisthathehastoworklate.

A.becauseB.thatC.whyD.for

16.Heisnotthemanheusedtobe.

A.whatB.thatC.whichD.as

17.ThisistheonlythingIcandonow.

A.whatB.whichC.thatD.all

18.1don'tlikethewayhespoketome.

A.bythatB.whatC.bywhichD./

19.Theyhavedecidedtofinishtheworkintime,,Ithink,isa

wisechoice.

A.thatB.whatC.whichD.whether

20.ThefamilyIstayedwithinNewYorkarecomingtoBeijing.

A.whichB.whomC.whatD.whose

21.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhoa