专题10 8BU2-牛津译林版初中英语第二学期单元知识点囊括及易错题分析（江苏专用）

专题108BU2-牛津译林版初中英语第二学期单元知识点囊括及易错题分析单元话题TravellingReading重点词汇、词组和句型Grammarhavebeento和havegoneto以及havebeenin的区分；现在完成时的延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换知识点囊括知识点囊括一、重点词组、句型1．CanIjoinyou?(P22)我能加入你吗？joinv.参加，加入例：Everyyoungmaninthevillagejoinedthefight.【拓展】join/joinin/takepartin对比.join+群体，组织例：HejoinedtheParty(党)lastyear.joinin+活动例：Ifyoucannotattend,youcanstilljoinintheconversation.takepartin+活动，比赛例：WestilldecidedtotakepartinanimportantraceacrosstheAtlantic.2．We’rehavingafantastictimehere.(P22)我们玩的很开心。haveafantastictime玩的开心相似的短语有：haveagoodtime;enjoyoneself;havefun，后面加doing3．Itmovedathighspeedandwasreallyexciting.(P22)它高速运行，十分令人激动。①athighspeed以很快的速度=quickly常用短语：athigh/top/fullspeed高/最高/全速ata/thespeedof...以...速度②excite--excitementn.兴奋4．Wewerescreamingandlaughingthroughtheride.(P22)我们全程又叫又笑。throughtheride全程ridev.骑马；乘n.骑；乘坐；（乘坐汽车等的）旅行；laughv.大笑laughatsb嘲笑某人例：Shegotonherbikeandrodequicklytoschool.Let’sgoforabusride.5．Wehurriedtoarestauranttohaveaquickmeal.(P22)我们匆忙去一家餐馆很快吃了一顿饭。hurryn.匆忙，急忙inahurry立即，匆忙innohurry不着急；不匆忙v.仓促（做某事）；催促；（朝某方向）迅速移动；迅速处理hurryup（使）赶快hurrytodo=dosthinahurry匆忙地去做某事例：Wemusthurryup,orwe'llbelate.Studentshurriedtotheplaygroundtoenjoytheexcitingmatch.6．Iranafterthemandcould’tstoptakingphotos.(P22)我跟在他们后面跑，忍不住一直拍照。①runv.行驶；奔跑；运转；经营n.奔跑；赛跑；趋向；奔跑的路程例：Hiscarrunsthroughthestreetsathighspeed.Doesyourwatchrunwell?【拓展】runaway逃跑runout用完；耗尽；跑出；runoutof跑出...用光...runafter追赶②can’tstopdoing停不住例：Theycan'tstoptalkingabouttheirlastnightouttogether.【批注】stopdoing停止做某事，指的是手头上正在进行的事情。stoptodo是指停止手上正在做的事情去做另一件事情。7．Iboughtacoupleofkeyringsforclassmates.(P23)我给我的同学买了一对钥匙环。couplen.对；夫妇；数个【拓展】acoupleof三两个…；一对…youngcouple青年夫妇incouples成对地例：Acoupleofoldwomenwerechattinginthecorner.Theoldcouplewillspendthewholewinterinthesouth.8．Attheendoftheday,wewatchedthefireworksinfrontoftheSleepingBeautyCastle.(P22)那天结束的时候，我们在睡美人城堡前看烟火。①endv.结束，终止n.结束，末端，终止endin以…为结果；以…告终endwith以...结束intheend终于，最后bytheendof到……结束时；到……时为止；在……之前attheendof在...结束的时候；在...的尽头frombeginningtoend自始至终例：Theyendedthediscussionat19:00intheevening.Ourteacherranoverthemainpointsattheendofeachlesson.Governmentdecidedtobringtheprogrammethroughtotheend.WallStreetisatthesouthernendoftheisland.9．Placeofnaturalbeauty(P29)自然美景placeofnaturalbeauty=naturalbeautifulplaceof+n.=adj.比如ofimportance=important类似的用法：placeofinterest=interestingplace例：Youcanenjoylotsofplacesofnaturalbeauty.10．Thebesttimetogothereisinspringorautumn.(P30)去那的最好时间是春天或秋天。thebesttimetodo…去做....最好的时间是……类似的用法：thefirsttimetodo第一次去做某事例：ThebesttimetovisittheUKisinspring.Itismyfirsttimetoseesuchaninterestingmovie.11．Theviewsthereinwintermaybewonderful.(P30)冬天那的景色非常精彩。viewn.视阈，视野；景物，景色，风景；看法，观点v.观看，眺望；看见：例：Wewillgoandviewthehousebeforewebuyit.Theviewfromourwindowwasoneofbeautifulgreencountryside.Inmyviewthingswon'tchange.Hestooduptogetabetterviewoftheblackboard.二、语法Grammar一、have/hasbeento与have/hasgoneto的用法比较结构意义例句have/hasbeento表示“曾经去过某地（但现在已不在那儿）”I’vebeentoBeijingthreetimes.我去过北京三次。have/hasgoneto表示“某人去了某地（还未回来）”，说明所提及的对象不在说话地点RickyhasgonetoBeijingandwillcomebacknextweek.二、for与since的用法区别词汇具体用法例句for说明动作延续时间的长度，后面接时间，且只能是”一段”时间，即“for+一段时间”HehaslearnedEnglishfortwoyears.他已学了两年英语。since说明动作起始时间，后面接时间只能是“点”时间，即“since+表示过去一个时间点”，如1980，lastmonth,halfpastsix

等Ihavestudiedheresince2006.自从2006年以来，我一直在这儿学习。since+一段时间+agoMilliehaswaitedtheresincehalfanhourago.米莉半小时前就在那儿等了。since+从句（从句用一般过去时）Ihaveknownhersinceshewasachild.她还是个孩子的时候，我就认识她了。Itis/hasbeen+一段时间+since从句ItisamonthsinceSimoncameback.西蒙已经回来一个月了。三、延续性动词与非延续性动词在现在完成时中的用法1.延续性动词可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。常见的延续性动词有be,have,know,live,work,study,learn,teach,speak,talk,draw,wait,wear,walk,sleep等。WehavealreadylearnedEnglishforaboutfiveyears.我们已经学了大约五年的英语了。Mr.Wanghastaughtinthisschoolsince1985.自从1985年以来王先生就在这所学校教书。2.非延续性动词又称为终止性动词或瞬间动词，即动作一旦发生就立即结束，并产生某种结果。非延续性动词可以用于现在完成时中，但是不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。常见的非延续性动词有come,go,arrive,reach,accept,become,break,catch,see,hear,close,leave,begin,start,stop,end,finish,lose,buy,borrow,receive,fall,get,join,die,put等。用法例句可直接用来表示某一动作的完成TheyhavereachedShanghai.他们已经到达了上海。HasDanielgonetoLondon?丹尼尔已经去了伦敦了吗？不能与for和since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用那个老人已经死了一周了。Theoldmanhasdiedforaweek.(误)Theoldmanhasbeendeadforaweek.(正)他三天前就已经来这儿了。Hehascomeheresincethreedaysago.(误)Hehasbeenheresincethreedaysago.(正)某些非延续性动词可以与since连用，表示重复的动作或状态Theyhavegonefishingfivetimessincelastspring.自去年春天以来，他们去钓过五次鱼。有些非延续性动词在现在完成时否定结构中可与since或for短语连用Ihaven’tboughtanythingforayear.一年来，我没有买过任何东西。3.非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换非延续性动词延续性动词例句buyhaveIboughtthedictionarythedaybeforeyesterday.=Ihavehadthedictionarysincethedaybeforeyesterday.=Ihavehadthedictionaryforthreedays.我前天买了这本字典。borrowkeepMybrotherborrowedthebooktwoweeksago.=Mybrotherhaskeptthebooksincetwoweeksago.=Mybrotherhaskeptthebookfortwoweeks.我弟弟两周前借了这本书。arrive/come/gobein/atMilliearrivedinHongKonghalfamonthago.=MilliehasbeeninHongKongsincehalfamonthago.=MilliehasbeeninHongKongforhalfamonth.米莉半个月之前到达香港。LiPingcametotheschoolthreemonthsago.=LiPinghasbeenintheschoolsincethreemonthsago.=LiPinghasbeenintheschoolforthreemonths.李平三个月之前来到这所学校。leavebeawayIleftmyhometownlastyear.=Ihavebeenawayfrommyhometownsincelastyear.=Ihavebeenawayfrommyhometownforayear.去年我离开我的家乡。joinbein/amemberofShejoinedtheclubin2005.=Shehasbeenamemberoftheclubsince2005.=Shehasbeenintheclubfornineyears.她于2005年加入这个俱乐部。diebedeadHisgrandfatherdiedayearago.=Hisgrandfatherhasbeendeadsinceayearago.=Hisgrandfatherhasbeendeadforayear.他爷爷一年前去世了。marrybemarriedTheygotmarried/marriedtenyearsago.=Theyhavebeenmarriedsincetenyearsago.=Theyhavebeenmarriedfortenyears.他们结婚十年了。begin/startbeonTheclassbegantwominutesago.=Theclasshasbeenonsincetwominutesago.=Theclasshasbeenonfortwominutes.已经开始上课两分钟了。stop/finish/endbeoverThematchstoppedlastSunday.=ThematchhasbeenoversincelastSunday.=Thematchhasbeenoverforsevendays.那场比赛上个星期天就结束了。三、词组归纳1.gotospforaholiday 去某地度假2.have/hasbeentosp. 去过某地(常和次数连用)3.have/hasgonetosp. 去了某地（不在这儿）4.haveafantastic/good/great/nice/wonderfultime 玩得开心5.moveathigh/low/fullspeed 在高/低/全速运行6.atthespeedof… 以…的速度7.throughtheride 贯穿乘坐（游乐设施）的整个过程8.hurrytosp. /hurrytodosth. 匆匆去某地/匆忙做某事9.runaftersb. 跟在某人后面跑/追赶某人10.can’tstopdoingsth. 不停地做某事/忍不住一直做某事11.dosomeshopping/goshopping 购物12.acoupleofkeyrings 几个钥匙环13.attheendof…. 在……末尾/尽头14.watchthefireworks 观看烟火15.inviteAndytogoforapicnic 邀请Andy去野炊16.oncoldandsnowydays 在寒冷的下雪天17.onbusiness 出差18.takeadirectflightto… 乘直飞航班到…19.avisittoSouthHill 一次去南山的旅行20.leaveforsp=gotosp 动身去，出发去，奔赴某地21.intheearlymorning 在一大早，清晨22.threeandahalfhours=threehoursandahalf 三个半小时23.bytheway 顺便问一下，顺便说24.allyearround 全年，一年到头25.placesof(great)interest 名胜26.givesb.someadviceon… 在…方面给某人建议/忠告27.attendameeting 出席会议28.joinsb.indoingsth. 加入到某人做某事的行列中四、句型归纳1.Idon’tthinkit’llbeaholidayforme. 我认为对于我来说这不会是个假日。2.Wherehaveyoubeenonholiday? 你去哪里度假的？3.ItcomesfromthestorybyHansChristianAndersen. 它源自安徒生的（童话）故事。4.What’sspecialaboutit? 它有什么特别之处？5.Wehaven’tseeneachothersincelastweek. 自从上周我们彼此就没见过面。6.Iranafterthemandcouldn’tstoptakingphotos. 我追赶着他们并且无法停止拍照。7.Wecouldevensmelltheapplepieandfeelthewind. 我们甚至能闻到苹果派的味道，感觉到风在吹。8.Where’sJim?HehasgonetoHongKong. Jim在哪儿？他去香港了。9.KittyhasbeentoHongKongDisneylandtwice. Kitty已经去香港迪士尼乐园两次了。10.MyparentshasbeeninDenmarksincethreeyearsago/forthreeyears.我父母已在丹麦3年了。11.IseeAndyplayingonthesandtoo. 我看到Andy也正在沙滩上玩耍。12.WhodidyougotoHongKongwith? 你和谁一起去的香港？=WithwhomdidyougotoHongKong?13.DoyouhaveanyplansfortheMayDayholiday? 你五一节有打算吗？14.Theviewsthereinwintermaybewonderful. 那里冬天的景色可能很精彩。=Maybetheviewsthereinwinterarewonderful.15.ThebesttimetovisitChinesegardensisinspringorautumn.参观中国园林最好的时间是春天或秋天。=ItisbesttovisitChinesegardensinspringorautumn. 在春天或秋天参观中国园林最好。=SpringorautumnisthebesttimeforvisitingChinesegardens.16.Theremaybesomerain.=Itmayberainy.=Maybeit’srainy.可能要下雨。17.HowlongdoesittaketoflytoChengdu? 飞到成都要多长时间？18.IhopeIcanvisititagainsomeday.=Ihopetovisititagainoneday.我希望有一天我能再次参观它19.IttookusaboutthreeandahalfhourstoflytoHongKong.我们大约花了三个半小时飞往香港。20.Theoldmandiedtwoyearsago.=Theoldmanhasbeendeadfortwoyears.=Itis/Ithasbeentwoyearssincetheoldmandied.=Twoyearshaspassedsincetheoldmandied.易错题分析易错题分析语法部分：用所给词的适当形式填空1.Theoldmanhasbeen_______(die)sincethreeyearsago.2.Linda_________(borrow)thesemagazinesformorethantwoweeks.3.______you______(buy)thecarsincetwomonthsago?4.I____________(notsee)yousincelastmonth.5.I____________(know)himsincelastyear.【答案】deadhaskeptHaveboughthaven’tseenhaveknown词汇句型部分：一、单项选择()1Myuncle________inBeijingforthreeyears.A.livesB.islivingC.haslivedD.willlive()2.The______newssaysthatHuJintaohasgonetoLondon________.A.recent;recentB.recently;recentC.recent;recentlyD.recently;recently()3.Ihave______readthatbookbefore,butI______wanttoreaditagain.A.yet;don’tB.ever;haven’tC.ago;haven’tD.already;don’t()4.Allthemembersoftheclubdecidedto______toBeijing.A.byplaneB.onaplaneC.takeaplaneD.takeplane()5.Somuchforthisclass,class.________,wherewilltheconferencebeheldtomorrow?A.BythewayB.InsomewaysC.OnthewayD.Noway()6.There_________somebeautifulswansonthelakeinsummer.Butnowit’shardforustoseethembecauseofpollutionproblems.A.usedtobeB.usedtohaveC.isusedtobeD.isusedtohave()7.Ihavelivedhere_______manyyears.A.sinceB.forC.whenD.from()8.----Doyoustillwritetoyourfriendsthesedays?----No.ButIused________thatwhenIwasatschool.A.doB.didC.doneD.todo()9.Tom________forfiveyears.A.marriedB.gotmarriedC.wasmarriedD.hasbeenmarried()10.Ihavejust________aninterview_______theradio.A.heard;onB.listenedto;onC.listened;inD.heard;with()11.Idon’tlikeplaying_____chess,butIlikeplaying_________piano.A./;/B.the;theC.the;/D./;the()12.----________haveyoulivedhere?----Sincelastyear.A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowsoonD.Howfar()13.Wehavestudiedatthisschool______twoyearsago.A.forB.sinceC.fromD.about()14.TheNanjingChangjiangBridgehas______forover50years.A.beeninuseB.inuseC.builtD.beenbuilt()15.Mygrandpalives_______,sohefeelsabit________fromtimetotime.A.lonely;aloneB.alone;aloneC.lonely;lonelyD.alone;lonely【答案】1~5CCDCA6~10ABDDA11~15DABAD二、根据中文提示写出单词。1．Doyoubelievethe________(最近的)newsaboutthetrafficaccident?HaveyoueverbeentoHongKong________(最近)?2．Finally，he________(意识到)thathefailedintheexam．3．Protectingour________(环境)isveryimportant．4．Myparentsbothworkinthe________(南方的)partofChina.5．Nowthereareanumberof__________(工厂)inourhometown.【答案】1．recent，recently2．realized3．environment4．southern5．factories三、用单词适当形式填空。1.—thetrain(arrive)yet?—Yes,it(arri