02 雅万高铁以实力彰显“中国名片”魅力-2023年中考英语热点材料题型专练

02雅万高铁以实力彰显“中国名片”魅力2023年中考英语热点材料题型专练背景材料：雅万高铁以实力彰显“中国名片”魅力来源：西安网

时间：2022/12/0116:43

阅读量：1269211月16日，在G20峰会上，印尼政府向全世界展示了雅万高铁的建设成果。之后，中印尼两国元首共同视频观摩了雅万高铁的成功试验运行。雅万高铁是“一带一路”倡议和中印尼两国务实合作的标志性项目，也是中国高铁在海外落地的首个典范工程。(央视新闻客户端11月28日)雅万高铁是印度尼西亚乃至整个东南亚地区首条设计时速350公里的高速铁路，连接首都雅加达和印尼第四大城市万隆，线路全长142.3公里。雅万高铁的建成将极大改善印尼交通，推动印尼经济加速发展，更将向世界展现中国高铁技术“硬核实力”和“一带一路”倡议强大吸引力。雅万高铁助力印尼经济加速发展。印尼是世界第四人口大国，全世界最大的群岛国家，因地形因素限制，交通基础建设缺口较大，雅万高铁建成通车后，雅加达到万隆的出行时间将由现在的3个多小时缩短至40分钟，将极大改善两地交通，方便两地人员的流动往来和货物流通，为沿线的经济发展带来新机遇，更为沿线地区创造出更多就业机会，它的建成将有力助推印尼经济的加速发展，提升老百姓的幸福感和获得感。雅万高铁展现中国高铁技术“硬核实力”。雅万高铁是我国高铁全系统、全要素、全生产链海外“第一单”，中国建设者们面对地形复杂，且多火山、多地震等极大不利地理条件，深入勘测、调研，不断攻克技术难题，为雅万高铁“量身定制”建设方案。在建设过程中，中国建设者们不畏艰难，先后有效解决了山川沟壑纵横，岩层地质复杂、抗震防下沉、爬坡提速等一系列施工难题，保障雅万高铁建设高质量高效率稳步推进，如期成功试验运行，向世界展现了中国建设者攻坚克难、勇往直前的宝贵品质，以及中国高铁先进的建造技术和“走出去”的硬实力。雅万高铁尽显“一带一路”倡议强大吸引力。雅万高铁是“一带一路”倡议和中印尼两国务实合作的标志性项目，对深化中印尼两国经贸合作和人文交流、促进“一带一路”合作具有十分重要的意义。雅万高铁高质量体现了“一带一路”项目的效果，体现了“一带一路”所倡导的“共商、共建、共享”理念，以及和平合作、开放包容、互学互鉴、互利共赢为核心的丝路精神。它的建成将在国际范围内起到极佳的示范作用，打造出互利共赢的典范和共同发展的样板，向世界彰显了“一带一路”倡议的强大吸引力。雅万高铁雅的建设再次擦亮了中国这张金光闪闪的“中国名片”。相信在新时代新征程上，中国高铁将不断地续写华章，成为各国信任的“世界高铁”，更将让“一带一路”的朋友圈越扩越大。(曾繁鲲)中国基建狂魔，中国高铁热点材料题型专练题目内容题型篇目内容阅读理解A中美之间交通方式，特别是铁路运输的差别阅读理解B介绍拉萨—林芝铁路阅读理解C中国高铁上的一些高科技阅读理解D中老铁路正式通车的新闻以及它给老挝带来的发展阅读理解E了21世纪伟大的工程奇迹之一——青藏铁路阅读理解F京张高铁阅读理解G讲述青藏铁路的修建历程和对人们交通出行的影响阅读理解H从四川省会成都火车站出发，开往毗邻的贵州省遵义市的旅游列车“熊猫列车”。阅读填表高铁让安家庄从过去一个安静的小村庄变成了现在的现代都市多任务混合阅读介绍重庆的穿城轻轨一、阅读理解AInChina,travelingbytrainisacommonwaytovisitnewplacesandgobacktoone’shometownduringholidays.ButintheUS,travelingbytrainisalmostanancienttradition,thoughitwasn’talwaysthatway.

TheUSrailwaysystem(系统)startedtogrowin1828,withmanyrailwaycompanies(公司)startingupandcompeting(竞争)witheachothertobuildnewrailwayroutes(路线).Trainsbecameasymbolofprogress,withNewYorkCity’sGrandCentralStationbecominganimportantculturallandmark(地标).Musiciansevenwrotesongsabouttrains,suchasJohnnyCash’s“FolsomPrisonBlues”.

Butfinally,intheUS,railwayswerereplacedbyhighways(公路).Chinawouldgoontoadopt(采用)trainsevenmorequicklyandwidelythantheUS.China’srailwaynetwork(铁路网)connects(连接)thewholecountry,allowingpeopletotraveleasily.ThisisespeciallyobviousduringchunyunwhenChina’strainstationsarecrowdedwiththousandsofpeoplewhoaretryingtogethome.

IhadnevertraveledbytrainuntilImovedtoChina.MyfirsttripbytrainwasfromBeijingtoTianjinbyhigh-speedtrain.ItwasamazinghowquicklyIcouldgetthere—justhalfanhour.Sincethen,I’vetakenthetraintolotsofothercities—Shanghai,ChongqingandShenzhen,tonameafew.It’salwaysagoodtime.Peopleonthetrainusuallyarefriendlyandhappytochat.Andforsomereasons,instantnoodles(方便面)tastebetteronthetrainthantheydoanywhereelse.1．WhendidtherailwaysystembegintogrowintheUS?A．About20yearsago. B．About90yearsago.C．About190yearsago. D．About260yearsago.2．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutChina’srailwaysystem?A．Railwayshavebeenreplacedbyhighways.B．Thereisnoneedtoaddnewroutestotherailwaynetwork.C．PeoplecantraveleasilybytraininChina.D．It’simpossibleforpeopletotravelbytrainduringchunyun.3．Theauthor’sfirsttripbytrainwas________.A．fromBeijingtoTianjin B．fromBeijingtoShanghaiC．fromBeijingtoChongqing D．fromBeijingtoShenzhen4．Whatdoestheword“obvious”mean?A．明显的 B．乏味的 C．明白的 D．平淡无奇的5．Whatcanweinfer(推断)fromthestory?A．MusiciansintheUSprefertotravelbytrain.B．TrainsdevelopedmorequicklyinChinathanintheUS.C．Peopleseldomtalktoeachotherontrains.D．Theauthor’sfavoritefoodisinstantnoodles.【短文大意】本文主要讲述了中美之间交通方式，特别是铁路运输的差别。【答案解析】1．【答案】C【理解】细节理解题。根据“TheUSrailwaysystem(系统)startedtogrowin1828”可知美国铁路系统在1828年开始发展，也就是大约190年前，故选C。2．【答案】C【理解】细节理解题。根据“MyfirsttripbytrainwasfromBeijingtoTianjinbyhigh-speedtrain.ItwasamazinghowquicklyIcouldgetthere—justhalfanhour.”可知在中国人们乘火车旅行很方便。故选C。3．【答案】A【理解】细节理解题。根据“MyfirsttripbytrainwasfromBeijingtoTianjinbyhigh-speedtrain.”可知作者的第一次火车旅行是从北京到天津，故选A。4．【答案】A【理解】词义猜测题。根据“China’srailwaynetwork(铁路网)connects(连接)thewholecountry,allowingpeopletotraveleasily.”（中国的铁路网连接全国，使人们旅行方便。）可推知此句表示“这在春运期间尤为明显”，故选A。5．【答案】B【理解】细节理解题。根据“Chinawouldgoontoadopt(采用)trainsevenmorequicklyandwidelythantheUS.”可知中国的火车发展比美国快。故选B。BTheFuxingtrainhasstartedrunninginsouthwestChina’sTibetalongtheLhasa—NyingchiRailway(拉萨—林芝铁路).The435-kilometerrailwaylinksLhasaandNyingchi.ItisChina’sfirstelectrified(电气化的)railroadonthe“RoofoftheWorld”.ItshortensthejourneybetweenLhasaandNyingchifromoverfivehourstoabout3.5hours.Thenewrailwaycoversanareaof226,000squarekilometers.Itgoesthrough47tunnels(隧道)andcrosses121bridges.Thetrainhasatopspeedof160kilometersperhour.Itisthefastesttrainonthehighland,butit’sabitslowerthansomeotherFuxingtrainsinourcountrybecauseofthespecialenvironment.Therailwaynotonlymakeslocalpeople’slifeeasier,butalsobringsmoretouriststothearea.“Therailwaytripissorelaxingandfast.Thenewtrainhasbroughtourfamilymemberscloserthaneverbefore,”saidateacherwholivesinNyingchi.SheusedtodrivemorethanfivehoursfromNyingchitoLhasatovisitherparentsduringthesummervacation.Besidescarryingpassengers,therailwayalsoprovidesgoodchancesforfarmerstoselllocalproductstomoreplaces.It’ssuretoputnewenergyintoTibet’seconomic(经济的)development.1．HowmanyhoursdoesthejourneytakebetweenLhasaandNyingchibyFuxingtrain?A．About5hours. B．About4hours. C．About3.5hours. D．About1.5hours.2．What’sthetopspeedofFuxingtrainfromLhasatoNyingchi?A．160kilometersperhour. B．121kilometersperhour.C．47kilometersperhour. D．160metersperhour.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“shortens”meaninChinese?A．克扣 B．下降 C．缩短 D．缺少4．What’sspecialabouttheLhasa—NyingchiRailway?A．Itcoversalargearea.B．Itcancarrypassengers.C．Thetraingoesthroughlotsoftunnelsandbridges.D．It’sChina’sfirstelectrifiedrailwayonthe“RoofoftheWorld”.5．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Therailwaytripisnotrelaxingorfast.B．Therailwaydoesnotbringmoretouriststothearea.C．Thetraingoesthrough121tunnelsand47bridges.D．It’sabitslowerthansomeotherFuxingtrainsinourcountry.【短文大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍拉萨—林芝铁路的相关信息。【答案解析】1．【答案】C【理解】细节理解题。根据“ItshortensthejourneybetweenLhasaandNyingchifromoverfivehourstoabout3.5hours.”可知，它将拉萨和林芝之间的路程从5个多小时缩短到约3.5小时。所以是3.5小时，故选C。2．【答案】A【理解】细节理解题。根据“Thetrainhasatopspeedof160kilometersperhour.”可知，这列火车的最高时速为160公里。故选A。3．【答案】C【理解】词句猜测题。分析“ItshortensthejourneybetweenLhasaandNyingchifromoverfivehourstoabout3.5hours.”可知，它将拉萨和林芝之间的路程从5个多小时缩短到约3.5小时。所以shortens的意思是“缩短”，故选C。4．【答案】D【理解】细节理解题。根据“ItisChina’sfirstelectrified(电气化的)railroadonthe‘RoofoftheWorld’.”可知，它是中国第一条在“世界屋脊”上的电气化铁路。故选D。5．【答案】D【理解】细节理解题。根据“Itisthefastesttrainonthehighland,butit’sabitslowerthansomeotherFuxingtrainsinourcountrybecauseofthespecialenvironment.”可知，它是高原上最快的火车，但由于特殊的环境，它比我们国家的一些其他复兴列车要慢一些。故选D。CHaveyouheardoftheBeijing-Zhangjiakouhigh-speedrailway,whichplayedanimportantpartinservingBeijingWinterOlympicGames?ItconnectsBeijing,YanqingandChongli,thethreemainhostingplacestogether.ItshortensthetraveltimebetweenBeijingandChongli,frommorethanthreehourstojustonehour.YanqingandChonglihostallski-related(相关的)events.Duringpeakseason,thousandsofpassengerstaketherailwayeverydaytoskiinChongli.Ifyoulike,trytoexperiencethehi-techtrainandenjoyatravelinstyle.SmartoperationsSomeofthetrainsalongtheBeijing-Zhangjiakourailwaylinearesmartenoughtodrivebythemselves!Theycanalsoopenandclosethedoorsautomatically(自动地).Thereareover2,700sensorscheckingifthetrainisrunningsmoothly.Mostimportantly,thetrainscanrunintemperaturesaslowas-40℃.WatchonthewaySomecarriageshavelargescreens.5Gtechnologyisusedtobroadcast

(播送)gameslive.Soifyoudon’twanttomissanyofthegamesduringyourtrip,noneedtoworry!Mediaworkerscanalsowritenewsreportsbasedonthelivebroadcastwhentheyareonthetrain.NolostbagsAsmallsmartcardwillbetiedtoyourluggage

(行李).ConnectedtoyourphonethroughBluetooth,itcantellyouwhereyourluggageis.Thiswayyoudon’tneedtoworryaboutlosingyourbags!SaferforbabiesSomecarriageshavebedsforbabies.Momsnolongerneedtoholdtheirbabiesintheirarms.Babiescanhaveasoundsleepduringthetrip.Thiswillalsogiveotherpassengersaquieterjourney.1．Fromtheinformationabove,weknow________.A．thetopspeedoftheBeijing-Zhangjiakoutrainis174km/hB．thetrainscanrunnormallyeveninatemperatureof-40℃C．ifyougoskiinginChongli,you’dbettergetoffthetrainatZhangjiakouStation2．Theover2,700sensorsareusedfor________.A．drivingthetrainbythemselvesB．openingthedoorsautomaticallyC．checkingifthetrainworkswell3．Peoplecanwatchthelivebroadcastonthetripmainlybecauseof________.A．largescreens B．5Gtechnology C．differentgames4．Youdon’tneedtoworryaboutyourluggagebecauseithas________.A．asmartcard B．Bluetooth C．aphone5．Theunderlinedphrase“asoundsleep”inthelastparagraphmeans“________”.A．adeepsleep B．asafesleep C．alightsleep【短文大意】本文主要讲述了中国高铁上的一些高科技。【答案解析】1．【答案】B【理解】细节理解题。根据“Mostimportantly,thetrainscanrunintemperaturesaslowas-40℃.”可知即使在零下40℃的气温下，列车也能正常运行，故选B。2．【答案】C【理解】细节理解题。根据“Thereareover2,700sensorscheckingifthetrainisrunningsmoothly.”可知超过2700个传感器用于检查列车是否运行良好，故选C。3．【答案】B【理解】细节理解题。根据“5Gtechnologyisusedtobroadcast(播送)gameslive.”可知人们可以在旅途中观看直播主要是因为5G技术。故选B。4．【答案】A【理解】细节理解题。根据“Asmallsmartcardwillbetiedtoyourluggage(行李).ConnectedtoyourphonethroughBluetooth,itcantellyouwhereyourluggageis.Thiswayyoudon’tneedtoworryaboutlosingyourbags!”可知你不需要担心你的行李，因为它有智能卡，故选A。5．【答案】A【理解】词义猜测题。根据“Somecarriageshavebedsforbabies.Momsnolongerneedtoholdtheirbabiesintheirarms.Babiescanhaveasoundsleepduringthetrip.Thiswillalsogiveotherpassengersaquieterjourney.”可知有些车厢有婴儿床。妈妈们不再需要把孩子抱在怀里。婴儿也会睡个好觉，A“一次深度的睡眠”符合，故选A。DOnDecember3rd,2021,theChina—LaosRailway（中老铁路）,startedrunning.Therailwayruns1,035kmlong,including422kminLaos.ItconnectsthecityofKunmingwithVientiane（万象）,largestcityandcapitalofLaos.TheChina—LaosRailwayisanotherexampleofthefriendlycooperation（合作）betweenChinaandothercountriesundertheBeltandRoadInitiative（一带一路）.Withoutdoubt,thisroadwillbeagoldenlinewhichhasgreatinfluenceonthepeopleofbothcontries.SouphanhKeomixay,aformergovernmentleaderinLaos,saidtheChina—LaosRailwaycouldgivenewchancesforLaos.TheWorldBankreportedin2020thatatotalof3.7milliontonsofgoods（货物）couldbetransported（运输）ontrainsby2030.Butinthepast,fewergoodsweretransported.TherailwaybringsgreatdevelopmentforLaos,too.Whentherailwaycomesintofullservice,itwillgreatlycutthecostoftransportationinthecountryandtherewillbemorevisitors,too.Andthepriceofgoodswhichcomesabroadcanbelower.For22-year-oldSida,aLaostaffmember,said,“Therailwayhasgivenmeagoodjob.NowIcansupportmyfamily.Atthesametime,itwillhelpLaosdevelopmorequickly.”Choosethebestchoiceaccordingtowhatyouread.1．TheChina—LaosRailwayconnectsthecityof________.A．VientianewithLaos B．ChinawithVientiane C．KunmingwithVientiane2．WhatdidSouphanhKeomixaysayabouttheChina—LaosRailway?________A．ItmadeLaopeopleupset.B．Itwasn’thelpfulatall.C．ItcouldgivenewchancesforLaos.3．Whentherailwaycomesintofullservice,therewillbemore________inLaos.A．doctors B．competitors C．visitors4．Accordingtothelastparagraph,Sidafelt________abouttheChina—LaosRailway.A．thankful B．awful C．careful5．Wherecanwefindthepassage?________A．Inanovel. B．Inanewspaper. C．Inafilmmagazine.【短文大意】本文主要介绍了中老铁路正式通车的新闻以及它给老挝带来的发展。【答案解析】1．【答案】C【理解】细节理解题。根据“ItconnectsthecityofKunmingwithVientiane（万象）,largestcityandcapitalofLaos.”可知，它连接昆明市和老挝最大的城市和首都万象。故选C。2．【答案】C【理解】细节理解题。根据“SouphanhKeomixay,aformergovernmentleaderinLaos,saidtheChina—LaosRailwaycouldgivenewchancesforLaos”可知，老挝前政府领导人SouphanhKeomixay表示，中老铁路可能会给老挝带来新的机会。故选C。3．【答案】C【理解】细节理解题。根据“Whentherailwaycomesintofullservice,itwillgreatlycutthecostoftransportationinthecountryandtherewillbemorevisitors,too.Andthepriceofgoodswhichcomesabroadcanbelower.”可知，当铁路全面投入使用时，将大大降低国内的运输成本，也会有更多的游客。出口到国外的商品价格可能更低。故选C。4．【答案】A【理解】推理判断题。根据“Therailwayhasgivenmeagoodjob.NowIcansupportmyfamily.Atthesametime,itwillhelpLaosdevelopmorequickly.”（铁路部门给了我一份好工作。现在我可以养家了。同时，也将帮助老挝更快发展）可知，Sida对“中老铁路”是非常感恩的。故选A。5．【答案】B【理解】推理判断题。通读全文“OnDecember3rd,2021,theChina—LaosRailway（中老铁路）,startedrunning.Therailwayruns1,035kmlong,including422kminLaos.”及全文可知，本文主要介绍了中老铁路正式通车的新闻以及它给老挝带来的发展，所以我们可以在报纸上看到这篇文章。故选B。EAllaboard!Let’stakearideontheworld’shighestrailway—theQinghai-TibetRailway（青藏铁路）.Sitbackandenjoythejourney.Getreadyforthetripofalifetime.We’releavingQinghaiStation.ThesceneryalongthewayissomeofthewildestinallofChina.Keepyoureyesopenasweracethroughthisbeautifulland.YoumightseearareTibetanantelope（藏羚羊）fromyourwindow.Beforewebeginourjourney,let’slearnaboutthisamazingrailway.It’strulyoneofthegreatengineeringwondersofthe21stcentury.WhenitwascompletedonJuly1,2006,theTibetRailwaysetnineworldrecords,includingtheworld’shighestrailwayat5,072metresabovesealevel,theworld’shighesttunnel（隧道）at4,905metres,andthelongesttunneleverbuiltonpermafrost（冻土）.Aswetravelhigher,theairgetsthinnerandthinner.Soontherewillonlybe50to60percentoftheoxygenwhichweareusedtobreathing.Butdon’tbeafraid.Eachrailcarhastwoseparateoxygensystems.Onesystemspreadsoxygenthroughoutthetrainatalltimes.Andeachpassengercanalsogetapersonaloxygenmaskjustlikethoseusedinplanes.Hereareafewmorethingstothinkaboutasourtrainleavesthestation.Thedesignerssolvedthreemainchallengeswhenbuildingthisgreatrailway.First,thehighaltitude（海拔）madethetaskdifficultbecausetherewasnoenoughoxygen.Second,muchoftherailwayrunsacrosspermafrost,atypeofgroundthatkeepschangingastheweatherwarmsandcools.Finally,therailwaygoesthroughsomeofthemostsensitiveecology（敏感的生态环境）inChina.Greatcarewasnecessarytomakesureofthesmallestpossibleinfluenceonnature.Allthreechallengesweremet,makingourtrippossible.Allaboard!ThetraintoTibetisleavinginfifteenminutes.1．Wherearethepassengers?A．Onabus. B．Onatrain. C．Onaship. D．Onaplane.2．Howdoesthetextshowtherailwayisamazinginparagraph3?A．Bytellingastory. B．Byusingadesigner’swords.C．Byintroducingitsworldrecords. D．Bycomparingthepresentwiththepast.3．Howmanyoxygensystemsarethereineachrailcar?A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.4．Whichofthefollowingincreasedthedifficultyofbuildingtherailway?A．Thechangingground.B．Thepollutedair. C．Thedangerousanimals. D．Thehotweather.【短文大意】本文主要介绍了21世纪伟大的工程奇迹之一——青藏铁路。【答案解析】1．【答案】B【理解】细节理解题。根据“We’releavingQinghaiStation.ThesceneryalongthewayissomeofthewildestinallofChina”可知，乘客现在在火车站，故选B。2．【答案】C【理解】推理判断题。根据“WhenitwascompletedonJuly1,2006,theTibetRailwaysetnineworldrecords”以及“Thedesignerssolvedthreemainchallengeswhenbuildingthisgreatrailway.First...,Second,...Finally...”可知，第三段是通过介绍它的世界纪录来展示它的惊人之处的，故选C。3．【答案】B【理解】细节理解题。根据“Eachrailcarhastwoseparateoxygensystems”可知，每节车厢都有两个独立的氧气系统，故选B。4．【答案】A【理解】细节理解题。根据“First,thehighaltitude（海拔）madethetaskdifficultbecausetherewasnoenoughoxygen”可知，高海拔使任务变得困难，因为没有足够的氧气，故选A。FTheBeijing-Zhangjiakouhigh-speedrailwayTheBeijing-Zhangjiakouhigh-speedrailwayconnectsBeijing,YanqingandChongli,thethreemainhostingplaces,together.ItshortensthetraveltimebetweenBeijingandChongli,frommorethanthreehourstojustonehour.YanqingandChongliwillhostallski-relatedevents.Duringpeakseason,thousandsofpassengerstaketheBeijing-ZhangjiakourailwayeverydaytoskiinChongli.WhatisthetopspeedofthetrainfromBeijingtoZhangjiakou?A．High-speed. B．120km/h. C．350km/h. D．470km/h.2．HowmanystationsaretherebetweenBeijingNorthandZhangjiakouSouth?A．7. B．9. C．12. D．15.3．HowmanyhourshasitshortenedfromBeijingtoChongli?A．Morethanthreehours. B．Justonehour.C．Justtwohours. D．Morethantwohours.【短文大意】本文主要介绍了京张高铁的基本信息。【答案解析】1．【答案】C【理解】细节理解题。根据图片中的信息可知，京张高铁的时速是120km/h到350km/h之间，由此可知，京张高铁的最高时速是350km/h。故选C。2．【答案】A【理解】细节理解题。根据图片信息和常识可知，北京北站和张家口南站之间，共有七站，分别是清河站、昌平站、八达岭长城站、东花园北站、怀来站、下花园北站、宣化北站。故选A。3．【答案】D【理解】细节理解题。根据“ItshortensthetraveltimebetweenBeijingandChongli,frommorethanthreehourstojustonehour.”可知，京张高铁使北京和崇礼之间的旅行时间从三个多小时缩短到一个小时，故时间缩短了两个多小时。故选D。GTheQinghai-TibetRailwayisthefirstrailwayinTibet.Beforethen,peoplecouldhardlygetinandoutofTibet.TravelinginsideTibetwasdifficult,too.Peopleoftenwentfromonetowntoanotherbybus.Ittookalongtime.In1958,Chinabegantobuildtherailway.ItstartsinXiningofQinghaiandendsinLhasa.“It’samiracle（奇迹）tobuildarailwayabovetheclouds,”aFrenchnewspaperoncewroteabouttheQinghai-TibetRailway.Therailwayrunsacrossno-man’slandandclimbsupsnowymountains.FromQinghai’sGolmudtoLhasa,about550kilometersoftherailwayrunsonfrozenearth.Morethan100,000workersspentfiveyearsonbuildingthisrailway.In2006,therailwaywasfinallyready.NowmorepeoplevisitTibet.PeopleinTibetgetmorechancestotravel,too.ThetrainalsotakesthingsfromTibettotheworld.TherailwaybringspeopleinTibetahappierandricherlife.AnRongisatrainconductoronthisrailway.Shestartedtoworkonthetrainover10yearsago.IttakesherfourdaystofromXiningtoLhasaandback.“Thetripisniceandsafe.Theviewoutsidethewindowisbeautiful.Weprovideoxygen（氧气）ineverycarriage（车厢）.Wealsohavedoctorsonthetrain,”shesays.1．TheQinghai-TibetRailwayisthe________railwayinTibet.A．first B．second C．third2．HowdidpeopleinTibetoftentravelfromonetowntoanother?A．Onfoot. B．Bybus. C．Bybike.3．Howlongdidittaketobuildtherailway?A．550days. B．5years. C．15months.4．WhendidAnRongstartedtoworkonthetrain?A．Morethanoneyearago. B．Morethanfouryearsago. C．Morethantenyearsago.5．WhatcanweknowfromAnRong’swords?A．Thetriponthetrainisboring.B．Peoplelovetotravelwithdoctors. C．Itmaybedifficulttobreathe（呼吸）onthetrain.【短文大意】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述青藏铁路的修建历程和对人们交通出行的影响。【答案解析】1．【答案】A【理解】细节理解题。根据第一段“TheQinghai-TibetRailwayisthefirstrailwayinTibet”可知，青海到西藏铁路线是西藏的第一条铁路线。故选A。2．【答案】B【理解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Peopleoftenwentfromonetowntoanotherbybus”可知，人们经常坐汽车从一个镇到另一个镇。故选B。3．【答案】B【理解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Morethan100,000workersspentfiveyearsonbuildingthisrailway.In2006,therailwaywasfinallyready”可知，修建铁路花了5年时间。故选B。4．【答案】C【理解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“AnRongisatrainconductoronthisrailway.Shestartedtoworkonthetrainover10yearsago”可知，安荣10多年前开始在火车上工作。故选C。5．【答案】C【理解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Weprovideoxygenineverycarriage.Wealsohavedoctorsonthetrain”可知，火车上每节车厢提供了氧气，火车上也有医生。可推断在火车上呼吸可能很困难。C选项表述正确。故选C。HOnMarch28,China’sfirstpanda-themedtouristtrainleftChengduRailwayStationforZunyiinGuizhou.Passengersonitgettogoonathree-daytripintheneighboringprovince.Thepandatrainhas12carsanditcancarry252passengers(乘客).Unlikeothertrains,itcanbeahotel.Thecarshavebeentransformed(改造)intoroomsfortwoorfourpassengers.Thetrainalsohasarestaurant,akaraokebarandadancehallandeachroomhasawashroomwithatoiletandashower.ThebiggestinterestforpassengersfromChengdumightbeitsmahjong(麻将)room.Infact,Chengduisbetterknownforitsloveofmahjongthanitsotherthings,suchasthegiantpanda,SichuanOperaandSichuanfood.Chengdupeoplearcknownfortheirloveofnotonlymahjongbutalsothepanda.Itisnotsurprisingthatthepandatrainisdecorated(装饰)withpicturesofgiantpandas.▲Thethree-daytripcosts1,280yuanforeachpassenger.Ithasfood,abedandentranceticketstoplacesofinterestinGuizhou.“Ifitshowstobeasuccess,thetrainmaytraveltootherpartsofthecountry,”saidZhongShu,anofficialfromChengduRailwayInternationalBusinessTravelGroup.1．Theunderlineword“it”inParagraph1refersto“_______”.A．thestation B．Chengdu C．Guizhou D．thetrain2．Accordingtothepassage,themostinterestingthingonthepanda-themedtouristtrainforChengdupeoplemightbe________.A．amahjongroom B．agiantpanda C．SichuanOpera D．Sichuanfood3．Whichofthefollowingsentencescanbeputinthe▲?A．ThepicturesofpandaswanttoinvitepeopletovisitGuizhou.B．Passengerscaneventrypanda-shapedfoodattherestaurant.C．PassengerscanevencookSichuanfoodonthetrain.D．Thepicturesofpandascanbetheentrancetickets.4．Thepassagemainlywantstotellusthat________.A．passengersfromChengduwentonathree-daypandatraintripB．ChengduwasknownforitsloveformahjongandthegiantpandasC．China’sfirstpanda-themedtouristtrainleftChengduforGuizhouD．thepanda-themedtouristtraintravelledalloverChinasuccessfully【短文大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了从四川省会成都火车站出发，开往毗邻的贵州省遵义市的旅游列车“熊猫列车”。【答案解析】1．【答案】D【理解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“China’sfirstpanda-themedtouristtrainleftChengduRailwayStationforZunyiinGuizhou”和“Passengers”可推知，“it”指代的是“从成都开往遵义的火车”，故选D。2．【答案】A【理解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“ThebiggestinterestforpassengersfromChengdumightbeitsmahjong(麻将)room”可知，对于成都人来说“熊猫列车”最感兴趣的事是有麻将房，故选A。3．【答案】B【理解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Itisnotsurprisingthatthepandatrainisdecorated(装饰)withpicturesofgiantpandas”和“Thethree-daytripcosts1,280yuanforeachpassenger”可知，空缺处应该填的是和熊猫与乘客相关的内容，选项B“乘客甚至可以在餐厅品尝熊猫形状的食物”最符合语境，故选B。4．【答案】C【理解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了从四川省会成都火车站出发，开往毗邻的贵州省遵义市的旅游列车“熊猫列车”。故选C。二、阅读填表Anjiazhuangusedtobeaquietvillage.Butnow,ithasturnedintoamoderntown.Thisisallbecauseoftherailwaystation.Fiveyearsago,aboutthreehundredpeoplelivedinthisplace.Therewasasmallhillintheeastofthevillage.Aroundthehill,thereweresmalllakesandfarmland.Peoplegrewcropsforaliving.Childrenwenttoasmallprimaryschoolwith3grades.Thereweredirt(泥土)roadsconnecting(连接)thevillagetothetownabout5kilometresaway.Now,thehillisnolongerthere.Attheplaceofthehill,peoplebuilttherailwaystation.Thegovernmentpulleddownmostofthelowhousesandbuiltsomeresidential(住宅的)buildingsforthevillagers.Somehighwayswerebuilttoo.Andtheprimaryschoolisnolongerthere.Sincetherailwaystationwasbuilt,moreandmorefactorieshaveappeared(出现).Andmoreandmorepeoplehavefloodedintothisarea.Now,mostvillagersmakealivingbyworkinginthefactories.Theylivearicherlife.Butthechangeshavealsobroughtmanyproblems.Somepeoplecan’tgetusedtolivingintallbuildings.Andmorepeopleandmorefactoriesbringmorepollution.Astherearefewertrees,morewildanimalshavebeenawayfromthisarea.___1___ofAnjiazhuangAnjiazhuang’spast*Therewasahillwithlakesandfarmland__2___*Peoplemadealivingby___3___crops.*Childrenwenttoasmall___4___schoolwiththreegrades.*Dirtroadsconnectedthevillagetothetown.Anjiazhuang’s___5___*The___6___hasbecomearailwaystation.*Peopleliveinresidentialbuildings.*Highwaysconnecttheareatotheoutsideworld.*Thesmallprimaryschoolisn’tthere__7___longer.The__8___.Anjiazhuangfaces*Somelocalpeoplearenot___9___tolivingintallbuildings.*Thereismore____10_____andfewerwildanimals.【短文大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了安家庄这个地方的变化，从过去一个安静的小村庄变成了现在的现代都市。【答案解析】1．【答案】Changes【理解】通读全文，尤其根据文中“Anjiazhuangusedtobeaquietvillage.Butnow,ithasturnedintoamoderntown.”可知，本文主要介绍了安家庄这个地方的变化；句首首字母大写。故填Changes。2．【答案】around【理解】根据文中“Therewasasmallhillintheeastofthevillage.Aroundthehill,thereweresmalllakesandfarmland.”可知，有一座小山，周围有湖泊和农田。故填around。3．【答案】growing【理解】根据文中“Peoplegrewcropsforaliving.”可知，人们以种植庄稼为生。故填growing。4．【答案】primary【理解】根据文中“Childrenwenttoasmallprimaryschoolwith3grades.”可知，孩子们上一所有三个年级的小学。故填primary。5．【答案】present【理解】根据文中“Now,thehillisnolongerthere.Attheplaceofthehill,peoplebuilttherailwaystation.Thegovernmentpulleddownmostofthelowhousesandbuiltsomeresidential(住宅的)buildingsforthevillagers.Somehighwayswerebuilttoo.Andtheprimaryschoolisnolongerthere.”可知，是介绍了安家庄的现在。故填present。6．【答案】hill【理解】根据文中“Attheplaceofthehill,peoplebuilttherailwaystation.”可知，这座山已成为火车站。故填hill。7．【答案】any【理解】根据文中“Andtheprimaryschoolisnolongerthere.”可知，那所小小学已经不在了；not…anylonger“不再”。故填any8．【答案】problems【理解】根据文中“Butthechangeshavealsobroughtmanyproblems.Somepeoplecan’tgetusedtolivingintallbuildings.Andmorepeopleandmorefactoriesbringmorepollution.Astherearefewertrees,morewildanimalshavebeenawayfromthisarea.”可知，是介绍安家庄面临的问题。故填problems。9．【答案】used【理解】根据文中“Somepeoplecan’tgetusedtolivingintallbuildings.”可知，一些当地人不习惯住在高楼里；beusedtodoingsth.“习惯干某事”。故填used。10．【答案】poll