福建省百所重点校2025届高三下学期联考英语试题含解析

福建省百所重点校2025届高三下学期联考英语试题注意事项1．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回．2．答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0．5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置．3．请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符．4．作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案．作答非选择题，必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效．5．如需作图，须用2B铅笔绘、写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗．第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Wildswans’________intheareaisagoodindicationofabetterenvironment.A．exhibition B．escapeC．absence D．appearance2．Hisadvicemademehappy,but____othersangry.A．making B．tomake C．/ D．make3．Usuallydoctorsareunderstandably________aboutnewmedicinesbecauseoftheuncertaintyoftheireffects.A．considerateB．logicalC．optimisticD．cautious4．Hehasmadelittlepreparationfortheinterview,sothechanceofhimsucceedinginitis.A．slimB．fantasticC．obviousD．gentle5．Billwasdoingalotofphysicalexercisetobuilduphis.A．abilityB．forceC．mindD．strength6．Theresearcherswhostudyjokeswanttofindout_______peoplefromdifferentnationsandculturesfindfunny.A．why B．thatC．what D．whether7．—WhatisyourimpressionofyourformercolleagueNick?—He’shelpful,andhe________giveusahandatwork.A．must B．wouldC．may D．should8．Theproblemwiththecurrentsystemallowsanyonetocommitasimilarcrimewithout.Itneedstobefixed.A．beingpunishedB．punishedC．topunishD．punishing9．Onlywhen_________hard__________makeyourdreamcometrue.A．doyouwork;youcan B．youwork;youcanC．doyouwork;canyou D．youwork;canyou10．________onlinepaymentissafe,peoplewillbemorelikelytolinktheirbankcardstoWeChat.A．EventhoughB．AsthoughC．EversinceD．Aslongas11．ThepossibilitythatFrankwaslying______throughmymind.A．swallowed B．masked C．flashed12．Whydoyouwantanewjob______you’vegotsuchagoodonealready?A．that B．whereC．which D．when13．ThoughthestoryofLiYunlongintheTVdrama“BrightSword”isafiction,muchof__________happenedishistoricallytrue.A．that B．what C．which D．it14．—WherewasI?—You________youdidn’tlikeyourjob.A．hadsaidB．saidC．weresayingD．hassaid15．Please________yourashesbeforeitfailsonthecarpet.A．cutoff B．knockoffC．getoff D．dropoff16．Variousefforts________inthepastdecadestoprotecttheenvironment.A．hadmadeB．havemadeC．weremadeD．havebeenmade17．—Penny’sbabydaughternarrowlyescapeddrinkingthefurniturepolishonthecoffeetable.—Luckilyforher.She________sickorevendied.A．couldhavegot B．shouldhavegotC．musthavegot D．willhavegot18．IwillbesurprisedifyoucangetCalvin,whoisaclose-fistedman,thesedonationdrawticketsfromyou.A．buy B．buyingC．buys D．tobuy19．We’llhavetofinishit,_____________.A．howeverittakeslong B．howeverlongittakesC．nomatterhowittakes D．nomatterhowlongdoesittake20．—What’sup?Youlookdown.—Ihavepilesofpapers________,butItypesoslowly.A．tobetypedB．typedC．totypeD．beingtyped第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Onedayin1995,alarge,heavymiddle-agedmanrobbedtwoPittsburghbanksinbroaddaylight.Hedidn'twearamaskandhesmiledatsurveillancecamerasbeforewalkingoutofeachbank.Laterthatnight,policearrestedasurprisedMcArthurWheeler.Whentheyshowedhimthesurveillancetapes,Wheelerstaredindisbelief.“ButIworethejuice，”hesaid.Apparently,Wheelerthoughtthatrubbinglemonjuiceonhisskinwouldmakehiminvisibletovideotapecameras.Afterall,lemonjuiceisusedasinvisibleink,so,aslongashedidn'tcomenearaheatsource,heshouldhavebeencompletelyinvisible.ThecasecaughttheeyeofthepsychologistDavidDunningatCornellUniversity,whoenlistedhisgraduatestudent,JustinKruger,toseewhatwasgoingon.Theyreasonedthat,whilealmosteveryoneholdsfavourableviewsoftheirabilitiesinvarioussocialandintellectualfields,somepeoplemistakenlyassesstheirabilitiesasbeingmuchhigherthantheyactuallyare.This“illusionofconfidence”isnowcalledthe“Dunning-Krugereffect”，anddescribesthecognitivebiastoinflateself-assessment.Toinvestigatethisphenomenoninthelab,DunningandKrugerdesignedsomecleverexperiments.Inonestudy,theyaskedundergraduatestudentsaseriesofquestionsaboutgrammar,logicandjokes,andthenaskedeachstudenttoestimatehisorherscoreoverall,aswellastheirrelativerankingscomparedtotheotherstudents.Interestingly,studentswhoscoredthelowestinthesecognitivetasksalwaysoverestimatedhowwelltheydid—byalot.Studentswhoscoredinthebottomestimatedthattheyhadperformedbetterthantwo-thirdsoftheotherstudents!Sure,it'stypicalforpeopletooverestimatetheirabilities.Theproblemisthatwhenpeopleareincompetent,notonlydotheyreachwrongconclusionsandmakeunfortunatechoices,butalsotheyarerobbedoftheabilitytorealizetheirmistakes.Inasemester-longstudyofcollegestudents,goodstudentscouldbetterpredicttheirperformanceonfutureexamsifgivenfeedbackabouttheirscoresandrankings.However,thepoorestperformersshowednorecognition,despiteclearandrepeatedfeedbackthattheyweredoingbadly.Insteadofbeingconfusedorthoughtfulabouttheirincorrectways,incompetentpeopleinsistthattheirwaysarecorrect.AsCharlesDarwinwroteinTheDescentofMan(1871):“Ignorancemorefrequentlybegetsconfidencethandoesknowledge.”Interestingly,reallysmartpeoplealsofailtoaccuratelyself-assesstheirabilities.AsmuchasD-andF-gradestudentsoverestimatetheirabilities,A-gradestudentsunderestimatetheirs.Thedifferenceisthatcompetentpeoplecananddoadjusttheirself-assessmentifgivenappropriatefeedback,whileincompetentindividualscannot.1、WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheDunning-KrugereffectisTRUE?A．Theeffectistrueforeveryoneindailylife.B．Itsuggeststhatmostpeoplelackcognitiveabilities.C．Somepeopleareoverconfidentabouttheirabilities.D．Theconclusionisdrawnbasedonaseriesofbankrobberies.2、Whatdothecollegestudents'behaviorsmentionedintheexperimentsprove?A．Feedbackplaysasignificantroleinestimatingone'sability.B．Incompetentpeoplehavearatherfixedattitudetowardstheirchoice.C．Goodstudentsalwayspredicttheirfutureperformanceaccurately.D．Peoplecan'trelyontheirpreviousbehaviortomakeadjustments.3、Theunderlinedword“begets”inParagraph4canbereplacedby“________”.A．givesriseto B．takesadvantageofC．makesupfor D．breaksawayfrom4、Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Realknowledgeisknowingtheextentofone'signorance.B．Itisimpossibleforpeopletoevaluatetheirrealcompetence.C．Illusionofconfidenceisthemajorsourceofpeople'sfailure.D．Thosewithgreatabilitiesoftenhavealowopinionofthemselves.22．（8分）Weallthinkbestwhenwe'rewellrested．Aclear，alertbrainallowsustofocus，learnandrememberinformation，andtobecreative．Ontheotherhand，whenwe'resleepy，wemakemoremistakesandarelessproductiveinschoolandatwork．InareportfromPsychologicalScience，researchersattheUniversityofParisreportsleepingbetweentwolearningsessionsimproveyourlearning．Inthisstudy，60Frenchadultswererandomlydividedintoa"sleep"or"wake"group．Theyallweregiven16French-Swahiliwordsinpairsinrandomorder．Afterstudyingapairforsevenseconds，theSwahiliwordappearedonascreenandtheparticipantswereaskedtotypetheFrenchtranslation．Iftheymadeamistake，thewordsappearedagainuntileveryword-pairwascorrectlytranslated．Twelvehourslater，theydiditagain．Thewakegroupdidtheirtestsfirstinthemorningandthenintheeveningsotheyhadnotimetosleepinbetween．Thesleepgroupmembersdidtheirfirstsessionintheeveningandthesecondcamethenextmorning，afteragoodnight'ssleep．Thesleepgroupmembersdidmuchbetteratrecallingthecorrecttranslationsandwerequickertolearnwhentheymakeamistake．Bothgroupswereeventuallyabletolearnalltheword-pairsbutgettingsomesleepallowedthesleepgrouptolearninlesstimeandwithlesseffort，Afollow-upshowedthatthesleepgroupstilldidbetterthanthewakegroupaweeklaterandevensixmonthslater，So，ifyouhavetolearnsomething，studyandthengetagoodnight'ssleep．1、Whatisthedifferenceofthetwogroups'tasks？______A．Whotolearn．B．Whattolearn．C．Howtolearnthewords．D．Whentolearnthewords．2、Howdidtheparticipantsdealwithatypingmistaketheymade？______A．Translatingthesamewordagain．B．Leavingthewrongwordalone．C．Askingforacorrectanswer．D．Redoingthetypingtwelvehourslater．3、WhatdoestheunderlinedworditinPara．2referto？______A．Correctingthemistakes．B．TypingtheFrenchtranslation．C．TypingtheSwahiliwords．D．ShowingtheSwahiliwordonthescreen．4、Comparedtothewakegroup，thoseinthesleepgroup______．A．typedmorequicklyB．madefewertranslationmistakes．C．learnedwithmoreeffort．D．learnedalltheword-pairs．23．（8分）BusToursinWashingtonDCTheLightsNightTourinWashingtonDCDuration:3hours$56.33Highest-ratedNightTourinDC!TheONLYDCNightTourwheretheTourGuidesHOPOFFwithyouateachstopandtellyouabouteachmonumentandattraction.HopaboardtheTheLightsNightTour!ThebesttimetotakeatourofWashingtonDCisatnight.BestMountVernon&ArlingtonCemeteryTourfromWashingtonDCDuration:6hours$78.96SeeArlingtonCemetery,OldTownAlexandriaandGeorgeWashington’sMountVernonEstateonthissmallgroupbustourfromWashingtonDC．YourtourguidewillaccompanyyouthroughMountVernon,tellingyouaboutalloftheattractionsthereandthehistoryofGeorgeWashington’shomeonthePotomacRiver.TheBestMinibusTourinWashingtonDCDuration:3hours$46.92SeeallthekeyattractionsDChastoofferina3-hourformat.YouwilllearnallaboutthehistoryandtriviathatsurroundsWashingtonandvisitthemajormonumentsandattractionsDChastooffer.PleaseNote:Ratesforthistourvarybydayoftheweek.Whenyouchooseyourspecificdateontheavailabilitycalendar,theratesforthatdatewillbedisplayed.TheBlossomsTourinWashingtonDCDuration:3hours$56.99BESTWAYtoExperiencetheCherryBlossoms!EachyearfrommidMarchtomidApril,seethebeautifulCherryBlossomsinWashingtonDCandgetgreatphotosbecauseyou’llbeledtoallthebestspotsbythebestguides.TheannualspringbloominDCisamagicaltimeandthistourpromisestoprovidetheverybesttouropportunityforyou!1、Whichtourwouldprovideyouwithasightseeingboat?A．TheLightsNightTourB．BestMountVernon&ArlingtonCemeteryTourC．TheBestMinibusTourD．TheBlossomsTour2、WhatisspecialaboutTheBestMinibusTour?A．Itspriceisnotfixed.B．Thebesttimetotakeitisatnight.C．Thetourguideaccompaniesyou.D．Youcangetgreatphotosofcherry.3、WhichdatesuitsTheBlossomsTourmost?A．July4B．August15C．March27D．October824．（8分）Areyousometimesalittletiredandsleepyintheearlyafternoon?Manypeoplefeelthiswayafterlunch.Theymaythinkthateatinglunchisthecauseofthesleepiness.Or,insummer,theymaythinkitistheheat.However,therealreasonliesinsidetheirbodies.Atthattime–abouteighthoursafteryouwakeup–yourbodytemperaturegoesdown.Thisiswhatmakesyouslowdownandfeelsleepy.Scientistshavetestedsleephabitsinexperimentswheretherewasnonightorday.Thepeopleintheseexperimentsalmostalwaysfollowedasimilarsleepingpattern.Theysleptforonelongperiodandthenforoneshortperiodabouteighthourslater.Inmanypartsoftheworld,peopletakenaps(小睡)inthemiddleoftheday.Thisisespeciallytrueinwarmerclimates,wheretheheatmakesworkdifficultintheearlyafternoon.Researchersarenowsayingthatnapsaregoodforeveryoneinanyclimate.Adailynapgivesoneamorerestedbodyandmindandthereforeisgoodforhealthingeneral.Incountrieswherenapsaretraditional,peopleoftensufferlessfromproblemsuchasheartdisease.Manyworkingpeople,unfortunately,havenotimetotakenaps.Thoughdoctorsmayadvisetakingnaps,employersdonotallowit!Ifyoudohavethechance,however,hereareafewtipsaboutmakingthemostofyournap.Rememberthatthebesttimetotakeanapisabouteighthoursafteryougetup.Ashortsleeptoolateinthedaymayonlymakeyoufeelmoretiredandsleepyafterward.Thiscanalsohappenifyousleepfortoolong.Ifyoudonothaveenoughtime,tryashortnap—eventenminutesofsleepcanbehelpful.1、Whydopeoplefeelsleepyintheearlyafternoonaccordingtothetext?A．Theyeattoomuchforlunch.B．Theysleeptoolittleatnight.C．Theirbodytemperaturebecomeslower.D．Theweatherbecomesalotwarmer.2、Ifyougetupat6:30am,whatisthebesttimeforyoutotakeanap?A．About12:30pm. B．About1:30pm.C．About2:30pm. D．About3:30pm.3、Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．JustforaRest B．AllforaNapC．ASpecialSleepPattern. D．TakingNapsinWarmerClimate.25．（10分）Microplasticsaresmallplasticpiecesthathaveaccumulatedinthemarine(海洋的)environmentfollowingdecadesofpollution.Thesepiecescancausesignificantissuesformarinecreaturesthatingestthem,includinginflammation(炎症),reducedfeedingandweight-loss.Microplasticpollutionmayalsospreadfromorganismtoorganismwhenonecreatureiseatenbyothers.Sincethepiecescanbindtochemicalpollutants,theseassociatedpoisonscouldaccumulateinpredatorspecies.Mesopelagic(中层的)fishserveasafoodsourceforalargevarietyofmarineanimals,includingswordfish,dolphins,sealsandseabirds.Typicallylivingatdepthsof200—1,000meters,thesefishswimtothesurfaceatnighttofeedandthenreturntodeeperwatersduringtheday.Throughtheseuprightmovements,mesopelagicfishplayakeyroleinthecyclingofcarbonandnutrientsfromthesurfacetothedeepsea—aprocessknownasbiogeochemicalcycling.Thismeanstheycouldspreadmicroplasticpollutionthroughoutthemarineecosystem,bycarryingmicroplasticsfromthesurfacedowntodeeperwaters,affectingdeep-seaorganisms.Toinvestigatethisfurther,researcherssetouttocatchfishinaremoteareaoftheNorthwestAtlanticOcean.Theresearcherscaughtmesopelagicfishatvaryingdepths,andthenexaminedtheirstomachsformicroplasticsbackinthelab.Theyusedaparticularairfiltersoasnottointroduceplasticfibersintheairfromthelabenvironment.Theteamfoundalotofmicroplasticsinthefishstomachs.Astheresearcherswereextremelycarefultoclearpollutionwithfibersfromtheair,theywereconfidentthatthefishhadeatenthefibersintheseaallovertheworld.Theresearchersplanfurtherstudiestolearnmoreabouthowthesefishareingestingandspreadingmicroplastics.Itwillbeparticularlyinterestingtoseewhetherthefisheatthesemicroplasticsdirectlyasmistakenfoods,orwhethertheyeatthemthrougheatingotherspecies,whichhavepreviouslyeatenthemicroplastics.1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ingest”inparagraph1mean?A．Attack. B．Swallow.C．Ignore. D．Avoid.2、Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?A．Howdeep-seafishfeedthemselves.B．WhyMesopelagicfishareimportant.C．Howmicroplasticsspreadtodeepsea.D．Howdangerousmicroplasticsaretothesea.3、Whatconclusiondidtheresearchersdrawfromthestudyonmesopelagicfish?A．Fishintheremoteareaaresafetoeat.B．Plasticfibersintheairmayenterfish.C．Theyareallpollutedbymicroplastics.D．Mesopelagicfishliveatvaryingdepths.4、Whatwillfurtherstudiesfocuson?A．InwhatwaymicroplasticsenterMesopelagicfish.B．Howseriouslymicroplasticsaffectseacreatures.C．Whetherfishwithmicroplasticsharmhumans.D．Howmicroplasticsspreadinthedeepocean.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）Whenmywife,Jane,andIwere16,wewereinthesameclass.AboutaweekbeforeThanksgivingDay,wefoundoutthatourteacherEdwardwashavingsome1challenges.Wewantedtodosomethingtohelp,soasaclasswe2togatherfood,clothingandgiftsto3hisfamilyhadagoodThanksgivingDay.WhenJanetoldherfamilyaboutourplan,hermotherwas4.Togethertheysearchedtheirhouseforthingstheycould5.Hermotherwenttothekitchen,6abigturkeyandsaying,“ThanksgivingDaywon’tbe7withoutaturkeydinner.”Tothisday,Janeremembershowmovedshewasbyhermother's8.Beforemakingour9,wesaidaprayerofappreciationforthewonderful10tohelpothers.Iwillneverforgetthesurprised11ofourteacherandhiswifewhenthey12thedoor;theirfourchildrengatheredaroundthemaswehandedoutthegifts.Itwasacoldnight;weallfeltwarminside,13.LastmonthwhileIwasinameeting,mysecretaryinformedme,“YourhighschoolteacherMr.Edwardiswonderingifyoucould14himafewminutes.He’ssittinginyourofficerightnow!”Ileftmymeetingandwenttomyoffice15.MyteacherandIhuggedandbeganto16thelastyears.Hetoldmehe17rememberedthatcoldwinternightwhenwebroughtthe18ofThanksgivingDaytohisfamily.Thefoodandgiftswerecertainly19,butwhatwarmedhisheartthatnightwastoseeagroupofteenagerswhounderstoodthe20ofThanksgivingDay.1、A．financialB．personalC．academicD．typical2、A．appliedB．determinedC．attemptedD．preferred3、A．figureoutB．pointoutC．makesenseD．makesure4、A．satisfiedB．puzzledC．amazedD．touched5、A．separateB．donateC．distributeD．collect6、A．breakingupB．breakingdownC．pullingoutD．pullingdown7、A．traditionalB．usualC．completeD．basic8、A．honestyB．generosityC．pityD．curiosity9、A．decisionB．contactC．deliveryD．contribution10、A．opportunityB．giftC．dealD．memory11、A．expressionB．sorrowC．impressionD．laugh12、A．pushedB．reachedC．draggedD．answered13、A．againB．anyhowC．thoughD．enough14、A．waitB．spareC．spendD．save15、A．hurriedlyB．nervouslyC．proudlyD．worriedly16、A．comeupwithB．lookbackonC．keepupwithD．getholdof17、A．justB．stillC．evenD．already18、A．experienceB．excitementC．pleasureD．warmth19、A．appreciatedB．offeredC．acceptedD．consumed20、A．spiritB．symbolC．historyD．intention第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Beforeage3,mostchildrenlackthenecessaryskillstolie.Somewherebetweentheagesof3and8though,alotofchildrenbecomeshockinglyskillfulattellinglies.Agroupof3-year-olds1．(seat)inaroomandtoldnottopeekatatoyplacedoutofsightwhiletheadultlefttheroom.Whentheywerelateraskediftheyhadpeeked,onlyabouthalfofthekidsattemptedtolie.Thiswasrepeatedwith7-year-olds,andthemajorityofthekidsavoidedtellingthetruth.Atfirst,itisbecausetheycan2．childrenlie.Theyreachapointdevelopmentally3．theyrealizethattheycansaysomethingthatisnottrue.Theseliesarenotasignofmoralfailuresin4．theparentsorthechild.Byage7or8,mostchildrenliefortworeasons.Oneistoescapepunishmentandtoremaininyourgoodgraces.Childrenfigureoutthat5．theysaytheydidnotdosomething,theymaybeabletoavoidpunishment.Olderchildrenarealsobetterthantheyoungeronesatreadinghumanemotionandpredictingyourreaction.Sincemostofthechildrenwanttomaketheirparentshappy,theirliesmaybea6．(misguide)attempttoprovidetherightanswer.Thekidwhotellsyouthathedidnotbreakthevase,eveninthepresenceofabrokenvase,isjusttellingyouwhatyouwanttohear.Heknowsyouwouldbeupsetaboutthevase,sohemakesupalietomakeyouhappy.Ironically,kidsofstrictparentsareactuallymorelikelytoliethan7．fromamorelaid-backhome.Achildwhoknowsthathegetsspankedfordoingwrongmayfeelmotivatedtoliemoreoftenandhemaybecomemoreskilledatit,becauseheknows8．(catch)willleadtopunishment.Whenitcomestotellingthetruth,whenachildmaturesandagesyouwillseetheliesbecome9．(frequent).Thisisaresultofmorematurekidslearningresponsibilityandbeingaccountable10．theiractions.Ifyouryoungsteristellinglies,don’tpanic.Hewillmostlikelygrowoutofthisstagewiththehelpofhisparentssettingtherightmoralvalues.Theexperimentinthisarticlewasperformedbyparentsandchildren.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。WelcometoourEnglishCorner、ThisCornerwassetupthreeyearsbefore、EverySundaymorning,studentsfromdifferentschoolandsomeforeignersoftentookpart、G