北京中考英语5年真题汇编-学生版-专题03 阅读理解之说明文

北京中考英语5年真题汇编——专题03阅读理解之说明文【五年考情回顾】年份体裁主题内容2024年说明文本文主要探讨了人们在辨识方向能力上的差异及其原因。研究表明，生活经验决定了人们的辨识方向能力，文化和经验比天生能力更重要。2023年说明文主要介绍了食物浪费的现状以及四个解决食物浪费问题的方法，并得出结论：如果我们每个人都做出努力，食物浪费问题一定会有所改善。2023年说明文本文主要讲述了快乐和享受的联系和对比。2022年说明文文章通过解释“Green”这个词，呼吁大家保护环境。2020年说明文本文讲述了技术进步给健康医疗领域带来的机遇和挑战。（2024·北京·中考真题）SamHillisreallybadatfindinghiswayfromplacetoplace.TheworldisfullofpeoplelikeHill—andtheiropposites,whoalwaysseemtoknowexactlywheretheyareandhowtogetwheretheywanttogo.Ithasprovedhardtoexplainwhy.However,withthedevelopmentoftechnology,there’snewexcitementhappeningintheresearchworld.Anexperimentwascarriedoutin2022tofindoutwhatmightinfluencewayfindingability.Researchersdevelopedanonlinegameinwhichplayerstravelbyboattofindwherealotofcheckpointslie.Thegameaskedplayerstoprovidebasicbackgroundinformation,andnearlyfourmillionpeopleworldwidedidso.Throughthegame,theresearcherswereabletojudgenavigational(辨识方向的)abilitybylookingathowfareachpersontraveledtoreachallthecheekpoints.Thentheycomparedplayers’performancewiththeirbackgroundinformation.TheresearchersfoundthatNorthernEuropeansseemedtobebetternavigations,perhapsbecausetheyloveorienteering(定向越野),asportwhichinvolvescross-countryrunningandnavigation.Andthosefromcitieswithmoredisorganizedstreetnetworks(网状系统)didbetterthanthosefromcitieswithorderlyones.Perhapspeopleofplannedcitiesdon’tneedtobuildcomplex(复杂的)mapsintheirminds.Researchresultslikethesesuggestthatpeople’slifeexperiencedecideshowwelltheyfindtheirway.Infact,experiencemayevenexplainapopularbeliefthatmenaremorelikelytoperformbetterthanwomen.Itturnsoutthatthisdifferenceismoreaquestionofcultureandexperiencethanofinbornability.NorthernEuropeans,forexample,showalmostnogender(性别)differenceinnavigation.However,mendomuchbetterthanwomeninplaceswherewomenfaceculturallimitsonexploringtheirenvironmentontheirown.ThatfindingisalsosupportedbystudiesontheTsimane,acommunitylivinginaforestinSouthAmerica.ResearchersputGPSunitson305Tsimanepeopletochecktheirdailymovementsoverathree-dayperiod,andfoundnodifferencebetweenmenandwomeninnavigationalability.Evenchildrenperformedverywell—aresult,researchersthink,ofgrowingupinanenvironmentthatencourageschildrentoexploretheforest.1．Whywasanexperimentcarriedoutin2022?A．Todevelopanonlinewayfindinggame.B．Toimprovetheplayers’wayfindingability.C．Topickoutpeoplewhoareweakinwayfinding.D．Tofindoutwhypeoplearedifferentinwayfindingability.2．Accordingtothepassage,whoisprobablythebestatfindingtheirway?A．Awomanwhooftenexploresnature.B．AgirlwhostudiesSouthAmericanculture.C．Amanwhorunsonasportsgroundeverymorning.D．Aboywholivesinacitywithanorderlystreetnetwork.3．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Goodnavigatorsaremostlymade,notborn.B．Navigationskillsdifferbetweenthegenders.C．Navigationskillsarepasseddown,neverlost.D．Goodnavigatorsbringdevelopmentsintechnology.（2023·北京·中考真题）Doyouknowthatover1/3ofallfoodproducedintheworldgoestowaste?AccordingtotheUnitedNations(UN),everyyeararoundtheworld,aboutonebillion(十亿)tonsoffoodiswasted.Atthesametime,therearenearlyonebillionpeoplewhogohungry.Simply1/4ofthefoodwastedisenoughtokeepthemoutofhunger.Inaddition,thewastedfoodproducesoverthreebilliontonsofcarbondioxide(CO2),whichspeedsupclimate(气候)change.Whatcanwedotosolvethisfoodwasteproblem?Oneeffectivesolutionisbalancingfoodproductionwithdemand(需求).Inhotelsandothersimilarplaces,specialinstrumentsshouldbeusedsothatcookingspecialistsjustprepareandcookfoodasitisordered.Anothereffectivesolutionisstartingprogramstoreduce(减少)foodwaste.Storesandbuyerscantrytheirbesttobecreativeinfoodwastereduction.Forexample,storescanprovidecustomerswithinstructionstellingthemhowtomakefulluseoffood.Buyerscantrynotfixingtheireyesonlyonfoodofthebestquality(质量).Sometimes,thefoodofnon-topqualityisalsogoodenoughtoeat,orcanbeboughtandthenusedtomakedeliciousdishes.Oneofthehardestsolutionstoachieveisforeachandeveryonetobuyandpreparefoodwithaplanoftheirownsothatlessfoodiswasted.Challengingasitis,theuseofmealplansinpreparingfoodcanplayanimportantroleinendingfoodwasteinthefamily.Foodrecyclingisoneoftheknownsolutions.Effortsarenowalreadyinprogress.Foodthatisnotsafeforhumanstoeatisrecycledintootherproductssuchasanimalfeedsandclothing.Yet,thereisstillalongwaytogoandmuchforimprovementinthisarea.Inaword,foodwastehasbeenoneofthebiggestproblemsintheworldthathaveinfluencedusgreatly.Manysolutionshavebeenfoundandmanymoreareyettobeworkedout.Ifeachofuscanputinmoreefforts,foodwasteissuretobereducedforthegoodofourfuture.4．Accordingtothepassage,whatisapossibleresultoffoodwaste?A．Theproblemofworldwidehunger. B．Abigincreaseinfoodproduction.C．Thespeed-upofclimatechange. D．Asuddendropinpopulation.5．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Foodrecyclinghasbeenhugelysuccessful. B．Buyersshouldgiveupnon-topqualityfood.C．Storesshouldtrainpeopletomakedeliciousdishes. D．Mealplansinthefamilyarehardtoputintopractice.6．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Benefitsofreducingfoodwaste. B．Solutionstothefoodwasteproblem.C．Theimportanceoffightingfoodwaste. D．Theattitudetothefoodwasteproblem.（2023·北京·中考真题）Whenconsideringthekindofexperiencethatmakeslifebetter,mostpeoplefirstthinkthathappinessdependsonexperiencingpleasure:goodfood,goodjobs,allthecomfortsthatmoneycanbuy.Ifwecouldn’thavethese,wemightaswellsitinfrontofthetelevisiononaquietevening.Pleasureisanimportantpartofthequalityoflife,butbyitselfitdoesn’tbringhappiness.Whenpeoplethinkfurtheraboutwhatmakesaworthylife,theytend(倾向于)tomovebeyondpleasantmemoriesandbegintorememberotherevents,otherexperiencesthatoverlap(有重叠)pleasurableonesbutfallintoagroupwithaseparatename:enjoyment.Enjoyableeventstakeplacewhenpeoplehavenotonlysatisfiedaneedormetsomeearlierexpectation,butalsoachievedsomethingunexpected.Enjoymentischaracterizedbyasenseofcuriosity,ofachievement.Playingatennisgamethatimprovesone’sabilityisenjoyable,asisreadingabookthatshowsthingsinanewlight,asishavingaconversationthatleadsustoexpressideaswedidn’tknowwehad.Noneoftheseexperiencesmaybeespeciallypleasurablewhentheyaretakingplace,butwhenwethinkbackonthemafterwards,wewouldsay,“Thatreallywasfun”andwishtheywouldhappenagain.Afteranenjoyableeventweknowthatwehavechanged,andgrown.Experiencesthatgivepleasurecanalsogiveenjoyment,butthetwofeelingsarequitedifferent.Forexample,everybodytakespleasureineating.However,toenjoysfoodismoredifficult—youhavetopayenoughattentiontoameal,soastosenseandtellitsvarioustastes.Asthisexamplesuggests,wecanexperiencepleasurewithoutanypsychicenergy,whileenjoymenthappensonlyasaresultoffullattention.Apersoncanfeelpleasurewithoutanyeffort,aslongascertainpartsinhisbrainarestimulated(刺激).Butit’simpossibletoenjoyatennisgameorabookwithoutfullattention.It’sforthisreasonthatpleasuredoesnotlastlong,nordoesitmakeusgrow.Growthrequiresfullattentiontogoalsthatarenew,thatarerelativelychallenging.Withoutenjoyment,lifewillgoon,anditcanevenbepleasant.Butitdependsheavilyonluckandtheexternal(外部的)environment.Toachievepersonalcontroloverthequalityofexperience,however,weneedtolearnhowtobuildenjoymentintowhathappensdayin,dayout.7．Youwillmostprobablyexperienceenjoymentwhenyou________.A．buyexpensiveshoes B．orderadeliciousmealC．talkwithfriendsfornewideas D．sitquietlyinfrontofatelevision8．Whatdoyouknowaboutpleasureandenjoymentfromthepassage?A．Enjoymentgrowsoutofpleasure.B．Pleasureandenjoymentcomehandinhand.C．Pleasurableexperiencesarepartofenjoyableones.D．Someexperiencesprovidebothpleasureandenjoyment.9．Thewords“psychicenergy”inParagraph4areclosestinmeaningto________.A．attention B．interest C．ability D．knowledge10．Thewriterprobablyagreesthat________.A．feelingpleasurestopspeoplefromachievinggrowthB．feelingenjoymentcomeswithachievinggrowthC．aworthylifedependsonluckandenvironmentD．pleasureisthekeytoahappyandworthylife（2022·北京·中考真题）Whatdoesitmeantobegreen?Greenismorethanjustacolor.Italsomeanstakingspecialstepstoprotecttheenvironment.Buyingagreenproductisasmallstepeveryonecantake.Decidingwhetheraproductisgreen,however,isn’talwayseasy.Weneedtoconsiderthewholelifecycleoftheproductevenafterit’sofnouse.Hereiswhatwemaykeepinmind.Thematerialsofaproductareusuallyourfirstfocus(关注).Whatisitmadeof?Arethereanyharmfulchemicalsinit?Greenproductsaremadeofmorenaturalmaterialswhicharefreefromharmfulchemicals,sotheycanbegoodforourphysicalhealth.Packagingisimportant.Howisaproductpackaged?Isitoverpackaged?We’dbetterchooseglass,metalandpaperpackaging,asthesecanbereusedormoreeasilyrecycled(回收利用).Wecanalsolookforlesspackagingorevenchooseunbaggedproductswheneverpossible.Location(地点)matters.Wherewasaproductproduced?Wherearewebuyingit?Thinkabouthowmuchenergywasusedtogetittoustrytochooselocalproducts.Whenitcomestofood,itisagoodideatoorderdirectlyfromlocalfarmer,shopatmarketsandbuyfruitsinseason.Buyingfromstoresnearourhousesisalsoagoodchoice,becausewecangotherewithoutdrivingacar.Lookintowhatthecompanytellsusabouttheirproduct.It’seasytosaythataproductis“green”or“allnatural”butthewordsmaybetoogoodtobetrue.So,muchoftheinformationaboutaproductshouldbetakenwithagrainofsalt.Afterall,companiestrytomakeusbelievethattheirproductsareenvironmentallyresponsible.Thegreenestthingiscertainlytheonewedon’tbuy.Thingslikefoodandclothingarenecessaryforlife.Butmanyothersarenot.Betterthanbuyingischoosingtoleaveanunnecessaryproductinthestoreanddoingwithout.Itsendsamessagetotheproducer,keepsmoneyinourpockets,reduces(减少)wasteandkeepstheplanethealthy.11．Thewriterwouldsuggestchoosingaproductthatis________.A．overpackaged B．deliveredfromabroadC．locallyproduced D．madeofunnaturalmaterials12．Thewords“betakenwithagrainofinsalt”Paragraph5probablymean“________”.A．beeasilyunderstood B．notbecompletelybelievedC．bewidelyspread D．notbequicklyforgotten13．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．BuyingGreen B．RecyclingWasteC．KeepingHealthy D．ReducingEnergyUse（2020·北京·中考真题）Todaywecandoeverythingwithapps:paybills,orderfoodandshopforanything.Mobiletechnologymeanswecanholdtheworldinourhands.However,whenitcomestotechnologyandhealthcare,opportunitiesandchallengescometogether.Let’sstartwiththewaystogethealthcare.Telemedicinecanallowapatienttousetechnologytoseethedoctoronlineandgetadiagnosis(诊断)andinstructionswithoutleavinghome.Inaddition,therearemanypatientwebsites.Theseallowfordifferentkindsofinteractionsaboutourhealthneedswithoutinvolvingthemedicalteam.Settingadatewithdoctorsandreadinglabresultsarereadilyachievedbytechnology.Awholenewageofmedicalcareseemslikely(可能的)tocomeinthefuture.Buteverycoinhastwosides.Whatmightbeontheothersideoftechno-healthcare?Firstly,weshouldthinkaboutthehealthcareexperienceasawhole.Ausualvisittoadoctorbeginswithareceptionist(接待员),whocanseeandtellhowapatientisdoing,Thismayinfluencethetreatmenteffect.It’sunlikelythatapatientwebsitewillhavesuchintuition.Next,sharingthedetailsofone'sliferequirestrust,whichtakestimetobuild.Thisiscertainlytrueinhealthcare,wheresomeoflife'sbestandworstmomentsinvolvedoctors.Thehumantouchshouldnotbeundervaluedandisunlikelytobethereoverthesmartphone.Lastly,testresultscanbedifficulttounderstand.Whensomeonewithoutamedicaldegreeseesaflaggedresultwithnoexplanationonthewebsite,there'sroomforallkindsofstoriestoformintheirminds—andalsogreatworry.Sohowdoesmedicineadapt(适应)tothenewtechnologyage?Verytalentedcompaniesareworkingonit.Thereismedicalequipment(设备)thatcanbeusedathometosendnecessarysignsandheartsoundsthroughtelemedicine.Itseemslikelythatsomecompanieswillfindawaytoexplaintestresults.Butwhatitwillnotachieveisthewarmthofhumaninteractionandtouch.Patientsoftenneedsomeonetolistento—andcareabout—theirjourneystory,whichwillneverberealizedthroughahuman-lesstechnology.Technologyshouldbeatool,butdependingonittotallywillmostcertainlyhaveunexpectedeffects.Let'snotallowourhumanitytobeoneofthem.14．Accordingtothepassage,howdoestechnologyhelphealthcare?A．ItencouragesdoctorstovoicetheirneedsonthewebsitesB．ItoffersthepatientaconvenientwaytogetadiagnosisC．Itimprovesrelationsbetweendoctorsandpatients.D．Itprovidesanopportunitytobuildamedicalteam15．Theword“intuition”inParagraph5probablymeans______.A．anabilitytounderstand B．aninterestingexperienceC．achancetowin D．afairdecision16．Whatdoyouknowabouttechno-healthcarefromthepassage?A．Patientwebsitesrequiretrustfromdoctors.B．Talentedcompaniescangivemedicaladvice.C．Flaggedresultsmaycauseworryforpatients.D．Medicalequipmentcollectspatients’stories.17．Thewriterprobablyagreesthat_____.A．technologycandealwithunexpectedeffects.B．telemedicinecantaketheplaceofusualhealthcare.C．itisdifficultforpatientstoadapttothenewtechnologyage.D．techno-healthcareshouldtakehumanityintoconsideration.（2024·北京朝阳·二模）Moffully-IIGettinghuggedbysomeoneyoucareaboutcanbeawonderfullyencouragingexperience.Researchhasshownthathugscanstrengthen(加强)oursocialconnections,improveouremotional(情感的)stateandreducefeelingsoflonelinessandsadness.Theycanevenhelptolowerstresslevelsandimproveourhealth.Unluckily,noteveryonehasthechancetoreceivehugswhenevertheyneedthem.So,howcanthisproblembesolved?Oneideathatscientistshavesuggestedisdevelopingsocialrobotsthatcanhugpeople.Theserobotscouldprobablyofferlonelypeoplethepositivebenefitsofgettinghuggedwithouttheneedtoknowapersonwhohugthem.However,creatingahugrobotthatiswell-receivedbypeopleandleadstopositivefeelingsandreducedstressisnosimpletask.Forexample,iftherobotistoolargeorhasadesignlikesomethingintimidating,peoplemayfeeluneasyabouthuggingit.Therefore,itisimportantforresearcherstocarryoutfurtherstudiestoensurethathugrobotsaredesignedinawaythatsupportsacceptanceandcomfort.ArecentstudypublishedintheInternationalJournalofSocialRoboticsfocusedonthedevelopmentofMoffully-II,anewlydevelopedhugrobot.Itlookslikealarge,human-shapedteddybearandstandsattwometerstall.Duringahug,itisabletomoveitsarmsandperformdifferentgestures(手势).Copyingtheactionsthathumansusuallydoduringhugs,suchastappingsomeoneontheback,isnecessaryformakingthehugfeelreal.Duringthestudy,volunteerswhoreceivedhugsfromMoffully-IIshowedapreferenceforhugswithgesturesoverthosewithoutgestures.Theysensedtherobotasfriendlierandsaferwhenitperformedgestures,andtheyfoundthehugstobemoreenjoyableingeneral.Whilesomepeoplemayfeeluncomfortablewiththeideaofhuggingarobotinsteadofahuman,hugrobotsshowpossibilitiesforimprovingthewell-beingofthosewhoareshortofhugs.Thisincludespersonsinnursinghomeswhomaybenefitfromthecomfortingeffectsofhugs,eveniftheyareprovidedbyarobot.18．Whatisoneofthepossiblebenefitsofreceivinghugs?A．Increasedloneliness. B．Loweredemotionalstate.C．Controlledsocialconnections. D．Reducedstressandimprovedhealth.19．Theword“intimidating”inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto________.A．terrible B．cool C．friendly D．convenient20．Whatisthemainpurposeofthestudymentionedinthepassage?A．Toprovetheinfluenceofgestures. B．Toexaminehoweffectivehugrobotsare.C．Todevelopsocialrobotsforsickpeople. D．Tostudythebehaviorofrobotsinnursinghomes.21．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．AreYouReadytoHugaRobot? B．IsItStrangeforRobotstoGiveHugs?C．AreRobotsGoodatGivingComfortingHugs? D．DoRobotHugsFeeltheSameasHumanHugs?（2024·北京门头沟·二模）MeandMyBrainWeallknowthatmeaningfulchangeshappeninourbodiesduringadolescence(青春期),buthaveyoueverstoppedtowonderwhat’sactuallygoingoninsideourbrainsduringthistime?Topaintaclearpicture,weshouldfirstknowaboutourselveswiththedifferentpartsofthebrain.Didyouknow,forexample,thatourbrainsaremadeupofaround100billionnervecells(神经细胞)calledneurons(神经元)?Andcomingfromtheseneuronsareseveralbranch-likestructuresforsendingandreceivingelectricalsignals?Everytimewedoorthinkanything,asignalissent.Thesignaltravelsdownalongstructurecalledtheaxon(轴突)and,attheend,itpassesacrosssmallgapscalledsynapses(神经元的突触)tothedendrites(树突)ofanotherneuron,whichreceivethesignal.Inthisway,messagesaresentacrossourneuralnetwork.Ourbrainstructurechangesgreatlyaswegrowup.Newbornbabieshavealmostalltheirneuronsbutfewconnectionsbetweenthem,whichiswhytheycan’tdoverymuch.Afterafewmonthshowever,thenumberofconnectionsincreasesquickly,whichinturnhelpssmallkidsmasternewskillssuchaswalkingandtalking.Mostbraindevelopmentiscompletedinthefirstfewyears,butwenowknowthatourbrainscontinuetodevelopthroughoutourlivesandperhapsthemostsurprisingtimeofchangeanddevelopmentisduringadolescence.Duringthisperiodofreorganization,thebrainnoticesasuddenincreaseinneuronsnotdissimilartoaplantgrowinguncontrollablyinspring.Justaswecutbackaplanttomakeitstrongerandhealthier,wecutbackourbrains.Theconnectionsthatareusedbecomestronger,whereasthosewhicharen’tuseddryanddie.So,themoreoftenanactionorthoughtisactivated,thestrongertheconnectionsbecomebetweentheneurons,whichinturnmakesthepartofthebrainbeingusedstronger.Thisexplainswhythemoreyoudosomething,thebetteryoubecomeatit,reinforcingtheoldsaying“practicemakesperfect”.Infact,theteenagebrainprovidesconditionsforperfectingskillssuchasplayingamusicalinstrument,speakinganotherlanguage,orlearningadifficultcomputergame.Itcouldbearguedthatteenagersdecidethedevelopmentoftheirowngreymatterthroughtheactivitiestheytakepartinandtheirexperiences.Itmayalsobeunsurprisingtomanytolearnthatthelastpartoftheadolescentbraintodevelopisthefrontalcortex(额皮质),responsibleforself-control,problemsolvinganddecisionmaking.So,longbeforeteensaregoodatabstractthinking(抽象思维)andlogicaldecisionmaking,theydependontheemotionalcenterofthebraintomakechoicesandthink.Soperhapsunpredictable,uncertain,risktakingteenagebehaviors,oftenputdowntohormones(荷尔蒙),mayactuallyhavemoretodowithwhat’sgoingoninsideourbrain.22．Whatdowelearnaboutthestructureofthebrain?A．Allneuronsareactivatedwhenwethink.B．Thestructureofabraincelliscomparedtoatree.C．Neuronsallowamessagetotravelaroundthebrain.D．Thestructureofabrainchangeswhenamessageissent.23．WhatdoesParagraph3tellus?A．Adecisionhelpsbabieslearnhowtospeak.B．Mostchangesinbrainhappenafteradulthood.C．Theprocessofbraindevelopmentiscontinuous.D．Babiesarebornwiththeabilitytodoanything.24．Theword“reinforcing”inParagraph4probablymeans“_________”.A．judging B．challenging C．supporting D．limiting25．Thewriteragreesthatteenagers________.A．areclevererthantheyusedtobewhentheystudytheirbrainsB．aremisunderstoodandtheycanplaydifficultcomputergamesC．wanttolearnmoreaboutthechangesintheirbrainsandbodiesD．canbenefitfromunderstandingthechangesthathappenintheirbrains（2024·北京房山·一模）Microplastics(微塑料)areinoursoil,ourwater,ourair,gettingintoourbodiesandcausinghealthproblems.Plasticsareeverywhere,andthey’renotgoingaway.Now,thatmaybechanging.Anewenvironmentally-friendlyshoppingmodelwascreated.Forexample,inthismodel,youareabletobuyicecreaminareusablecontainer(容器).Whenyou’redoneeatingtheicecream,you’llthrowthecontainerinyourpersonalreusebin.Thecontainersarethenpickedupbyadeliveryservice,cleanedandrefilled,andshippedouttoconsumersagain.Inotherwords,it’sthe21stcenturymilkmantosavetheworldfromsingle-useplastics.ThisshoppingmodeliscalledLoop.Already,twolargeretailers(零售商)areLooppartnersandmoremayjointheproject.Whilerecyclingisveryimportant,itisnotgoingtosolvewasteattheroot(根本的)cause.“Ourcompanycollectstheoceanplasticsandputsthemintoproductsmaking,”saysTomSzaky,CEOofTerraCycle,acompanythatisknownforrecyclinghard-to-recyclematerials.“Buteveryday,moreandmoregetsputintheocean,sonomatterhowmuchwecleantheocean,we’renevergoingtosolvetheproblem.That’sreallywhereLoopcameout.Tous,therootcauseofwasteisnotplastic,it’susingthingsonce,andthat’sreallywhatLooptriestochangeasmuchaspossible.”Forcustomers,theprocessisdesignedtobeaseasyaspossible.“Thegoalisn’tasmuchtogetyoutochange,it’sinsteadtocreatesystemsthatdon’tmakeyouchange—buthaveyouthensolvetheproblemintheprocess,”Szakysays.“Makingcustomerschangeisdifficult.Sothefirstquestionweaskedindevelopingthemodelwas‘Whydidthrowingrubbishwin?’Ithinkitdidbecausethrowingrubbishisconvenientandaffordable.”Ifthesolutionsarenotconvenient,peoplewillnotacceptthem.Loopaimstobeasconvenientasthrowingsomethinginthebin.Youdon’tevenneedtowashthecontainer,soit’ssimplerthanrecycling.JenniferMorganfromtheenvironmentalnon-profitorganizationGreenpeacesaid,“GreenpeacewelcomestheaimoftheLooptomoveawayfromthrowawayculture.”ButMorganquestionedwhethercompaniesworldwidearereadytochangetheirbusinessmodels.Anyway,thisisanefforttochangetheproblemofplasticsandhopefullythismodelwillwork.26．Thesecondparagraphismainlyabout________.A．whatcustomersshoulddotosolvewasteproblemB．whatbenefitstheretailerscangetfromLoopC．howthenewshoppingmodelLoopworksD．howthemilkmanpicksupthecontainers27．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Loopisdesignedtobeconvenientforcustomerstoaccept.B．CompaniesworldwideareusingtheshoppingmodelLoop.C．OceanplasticscanbecleanedupbytheshoppingmodelLoop.D．CustomershavetocleanthecontainersunderthenewmodelLoop.28．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．MakingPlasticsintoProducts B．Recycling:AFallingIndustryC．FromThrowingAwaytoReusing D．Plastics:Hard-to-recycleMaterials（2024·北京·一模）Thesunissetting,brighteningyourkids’facesastheyplayinthewaves.Youreachforyourphoneforthisperfectmoment.Butbeforeyoudo,here’sabitofsurprisingscience:Takingphotosisnottheperfectwaytokeepmemoryasyouthink.Takingtoomanypicturescouldactuallyharmthebrain’sabilitytokeepmemories,saysElizabethLoftus,apsychologyprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia,Irvine.Sowegetthephotobutkindoflosethememory.Photosmayoutsourcememories.Itworksintwoways:Weeithershakeofftheresponsibilityofrememberingmomentswhentakingpictures,orwe’resodistracted(分心的)bytheprocessthatwemissthemomentaltogether.Thefirstexplanationisthelossofmemory.Peopleknowthattheircameraisrecordingthatmoment,sotheydon’ttrytoremember.Similarly,ifyouwritedownsomeone’sphonenumber,you’relesslikelytorememberitoffhandbecauseyourbraintellsyouthere’sjustnoneed.That’sallwellandgood—untilthatpieceofpapergoesmissing.Theotherisdistraction.We’redistractedbytheprocessoftakingaphoto—howweholdourphone,composingthephoto,suchassmilingfaces,thebackgroundtoourlikingandclearimage,allofwhichusesupourattentionthatcouldotherwisehelpusmemorize.However,takingphotoscanbenefitmemory—whendonemindfully.Whiletakingaphotomaybedistracting,theactofpreparationbyfocusingonvisual(视觉的)detailsaroundhassomeupsides.Whenpeopletakethetimetozoomin(拉近镜头)onspecificthings,memoriesbecomestrengthened.Anotherbenefitisthatwerecallmomentsmoreaccuratelywiththephotos.Memoryhasbeenreshapedwiththehelpofnewinformationandnewexperiences.Thus,photosorvideoshelpusrecallmomentsasiftheyreallyhappened.Memoriesdieawaywithoutavisualrecordbackingthemup.Therefore,aphotoisanexcellenttooltohelprememberwhendonepurposefully,whichisworthexploringfurther.29．WhatdoesProfessorElizabethLoftusthinkoftakingtoomanyphotos?A．Itcanbenefitourmemories.B．Itcouldbeharmfultokeepmemories.C．Itcouldbehelpfultorecalltheperfectmoment.D．Itwilluseupourattentiontorememberthebeautifulmoments.30．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Memorieswilldisappearwhenwebackupavisualrecord.B．Wemaynotpayfullattentiontothemomentwhentakingpictures.C．Takephotosifyouwanttogetnewinformationornewexperiences.D．Itisuselesstoremembersomeone’sphonenumberbywritingitdown.31．Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．PhotographyorMemoriesB．FewerPhotos,MoreMemoriesC．Ph