2024年全国Ⅱ卷高考英语试题及答案

下载后可任意编辑年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案，听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话尽读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?答案是C。1Whatwillthewomandothisafternoon?ADosomeexerciseBGoshoppingCWashherclothes2Whydoesthewomancalltheman?ATocancelaflightBTomakeanapologyCToputoffameeting3HowmuchmoredoesDavidneedforthecar?A$5,000B$20,000C$25,0004WhatisJanedoing?APlanningatourBCallingherfatherCAskingforleave5Howdoesthemanfeel?ATiedBDizzyCThirsty第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhatdoesJackwanttodo?A.WatchTV.B.Playoutside.C.Gotothezoo.7.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Athome.B.Inacinema.C.Inasupermarket.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.WhatdoesRicharddo?A.He’sanewsman.B.He’samanager.C.He’saresearcher.9.WhereisRichardgoingnextweek?A.Birmingham.B.MexicoCity.C.Shanghai.10.Whatwillthespeakersdotomorrow?A.Eatouttogether.B.Visitauniversity.C.SeeProfessorHayes.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespearkers?A.Schoolfriends.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Librarianandlibraryuser.12.WhydoesJimsuggestMarybuythebook?A.It’ssoldatadiscountprice.B.It’simportantforherstudy.C.It’swrittenbyProfessorLee.13.WhatwillJimdoforMary?A.Sharehisbookwithher.B.Lendhersomemoney.C.AskHenryforhelp.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.WheredoesStellalive?A.InMemphisB.InBostonC.InStLouis15.Whatwouldpeterandhisfamilyliketodoonbealestreet?A.VisitamuseumB.ListentimusicC.Havedinner16.Whatkindofhoteldoespeterprefer?A.AbigoneB.AquiteoneC.Amodernone听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Howmanylabsessionswillthestudentshaveeveryweek?A.OneB.TwoC.Three18.Whatarethestudentsallowedtowearinthelab?A.LongscarvesB.LooseclothesC.Tennisshoes19.Whyshouldthestudentsavoidmixingliquidwithpaper?A.ItmaycauseafireB.ItmaycreatewasteC.Itmayproducepollution20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.GradesthestudentwillreceiveB.RulesthestudentsshouldfollowC.Experimentsthestudentswilldo.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。AInthecomingmonths,wearebringingtogetherartistsformallovertheglobe,toenjoyspeakingshakespeare’splaysintheirownlanguage,inourglobe,withinthearchitectureshakespearewrotefor.pleasecomeandjoinus.NationalTheatreOfChinaBeijing|ChineseThisgreatoccasion(盛会)willbethenationaltheatreofchina’sfirstvisittotheuk.Thecompany’sproductionsshowthenewfaceof21stcenturychinesetheatre.ThisproductionofShakespeare’sRichard=3\*ROMANIIIwillbedirectedbytheNational’sAssociateDirector,WangXiaoying.Date&Time:Saturday28April,2.30pm&Sunday29April,1.30pm&6.30pmMarjanishviliTheatreTbilisilGeorgianOneofthemostfamoustheatresinGeorgia,theMarjanishvili,foundedin1928,appearsregularlyattheatrefestivalsallovertheworld.ThisnewproductionofAsYouLikeItishelmed（指导）bythecompany’sArtisticDirectorLevanTsuladze.Date&Time:Friday18May,2.30pm&Sunday19May,7.30pmDeafinitelyTheaterLondonlBritishSignLanguage（BSL）BytranslatingtherichandhumouroustaxtofLove’sLabour’sLostintothephysicallanguageofBSL,DeafinitelyThertrecreatesanewinterpretationofShakespeare’scomedyandaimstobuildabridgebetweendeafandhearingworldsbyperformingtobothgroupsasoneaudience.Date&Time:Tueaday22May,2.30pm&Wednesday23May,7.30pmHabimaNationalTheatreTelAvivlHebrewTheHabimaisthecentreofHebrew-languegetheatreworldwide,FoundedinMoscowafterthe1905revolution,thecompanyeventuallysettledinTelAvivinthelate1920s,Since1958,theyhavebeenrecognizedasthenationaltheatreofIsrael.ThisproductionofShakespeare’sTheMerchantofVenicemarkstheirfirstvisittotheUK.DateDate&Time:Monday28May,7.30&Tuesday29May,7.30pm21.whichplaywillbeperformedbytheNationalTheatreofChina?A.RichardⅢ.B.Lover’sLabour’sLostC.AsYouLikeItD.ThemerchantofVenice22.WhatisspecialaboutDeafinnitelyTheatre?A.TthastwogroupsofactorsB.ItistheleadingtheatreinLondonC.ItperformsplaysinBSLD.Itisgoodatprductingcomedies23.WhencanyouseeaplayinHebrew?A.Onsuturday28Apil.B.OnSunday29AprilC.OnTuesday22May.D.OnTuesday29MayBIfirstmetPaulNewmanin1968,whenGeorgeRoyHill,thedirectorofButchCassidyandtheSundanceKid,introducedusinNewYorkCity.Whenthestudiodidn’twantmeforthefilm—itwantedsomebodyaswellknownasPaul—hestoodupforme.Idon’tknowhowmanypeoplewouldhavedonethat;theywouldhavelistenedtotheiragentsorthestudiopowers.ThefriendshipthatgrewoutoftheexperienceofmakingthatfilmandTheStingfouryearslaterhaditsrootinthefactthatalthoughtherewasanagedifference,webothcamefromatraditionoftheaterandliveTV.Wewererespectfulofcraft（技艺）andfocusedondiggingintothecharactersweweregoingtoplay.BothofushadthequalitiesandvirtuesthataretypicalofAmericanactors:humorous,aggressive,andmakingfunofeachother—butalwayswithanunderlyingaffection.Thosewerealsoatthecore（核心）ofourrelationshipoffthescreen.Wesharedthebriefthatifyou’refortunateenoughtohavesuccess,youshouldputsomethingback—hewithhisNewman’sOwnfoodandhisHoleintheWallcampsforkidswhoareseriouslyill,andmewithSundanceandtheinstituteandthefestival.PaulandIdidn’tseeeachotherallthatregularly,zxx.kbutsharingthatbroughtustogether.Wesupportedeachotherfinanciallyandbyshowingupatevents.Ilastsawhimafewmonthsago.He’dbeeninandoutofthehospital.HeandIbothknewwhatthedealwas,andwedidn’ttalkaboutit.Ourswasarelationshipthatdidn’tneedalotofwords.24.Whywasthestudiounwillingtogivetheroletoauthoratfirst?A.PaulNewmanwantedit.B.Thestudiopowersdidn’tlikehisagent.C.Hewasn’tfamousenough.D.Thedirectorrecommendedsomeoneelse.25.WhydidPaulandtheauthorhavealastingfriendship?A.Theywereofthesamedge.B.Theyworkedinthesametheater.C.Theywerebothgoodactors.D.Theyhansimilarcharactertics.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph3referto?A.Theirbelief.B.Theircareforchileden.C.Theirsuccess.D.Theirsupportforeachother.27.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetest?A.Toshowhisloveoffilms.B.Torememberafriend.C.Tointroduceanewmovie.D.Tosharehisactingexperience.CTerrafugiaInc.saidMondaythatitsnewflyingcarhascompleteditsfirstflight,bringingthecompanyclosertoitsgoalofsellingtheflyingcarwithinthenextyear.Thewehicle-namedtheTransition–hastwoseatswheelsandwingsthatfoldupsoitcanbedrivenlikeacar.TheTransition,whichflewat1,400feetforeightminuteslastmonth,canreacharound70milesperhourontheroadand115inthefliesusinga23-gallontankofgasandbums5gallonsperhourintheair.Ontheground,itgets35milespergallon.Around100peoplehavealreadyputdowna$10,000deposittogetaTransitionwhentheygoonsale,andthosenumberswilllikelyriseafterTerrafugiaintroducestheTransitiontothepubliclaterthisweekattheNewYorkAutoShow.Butdon’texpectittoshowupintoomanydriveways.It’sexpectedtocost$279,000.Anditwon’thelpifyou’restuckintraffic.Thecarneedsarunway.Inventorshavebeentryingtomakeflyingcarssincethe1930s,accordingtoRobertMann,anairlineindustryexpert.ButMannthinksTerrafugiahascomecloserthananyonetomakingtheflyingcarareality.Thegovemmenthasalreadypermittedz&xxkthecompanytousespecialmaterialstomakeiteasierforthevehicletofly.TheTransitionisnowgoingthroughcrashteststomakesureitmeetsfederalsafetysiandards.MannsaidTerrafugiawashelpedbytheFederalAviationAdministration’sdecisionfiveyearsagotocreateaseparatesetofstandardsforlightsportaircraft,whicharelowerthanthoseforpilotsoflargerplanes.Terrafugiasaysanownerwouldneedtopassatestandcomplete

20

hours

of

flying

time

to

be

able

to

fly

the

Transition,a

requirement

pilots

would

find

relatively

easy

to

meet.28.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.ThebasicdataoftheTransition.B.Theadvantagesofflyingcars.C.Thepotentialmarketforflyingcars.C.ThedesignersoftheTransition.29.WhyistheTransitionunlikelytoshowupintoomanydriveways?A.Itcauserstrafficjams.B.Itisdifficulttooperate.C.Itisveryexpensive.D.Itbumstoomuchfuel.30.Whatisthegovemment’sattitudetothedevelopmentoftheflyingcar?A.CautiousB.Favorable.C.Ambiguous.D.Disapproving.31.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.FlyingCaratAutoShowB.TheTransition’sFistFlightC.Pilots’DreamComingTrueD.FlyingCarClosertoRealityWhenaleafyplantisunderattack，itdoesn’tsitquietly.Backin1983,twoscientists,JackSchultzandIanBaldwin,reportedthatyoungmapletreesgettingbittenbyinsectssendoutaparticularsmellthatneighboringplantscanget.Thesechemicalscomefromtheinjuredpartsoftheplantandseemtobeanalarm.Whattheplantspumpthroughtheairisamixtureofchemicalsknownasvolatileorganiccompounds,VOCsforshort.ScientistshavefoundthatallkindsofplantsgiveoutVOCswhenbeingattacked.It’saplant’swayofcryingout.Butisanyonelistening?Apparently.Becausewecanwatchtheneighboursreact.Someplantspumpoutsmellychemicalstokeepinsectsaway.Butothersdodoubleduty.Theypumpoutperfumesdesignedtoattractdifferentinsectswhoarenaturalenemiestotheattackers.Oncetheyarrive,thetablesareturned.Theattackerwhoarenaturalenemiestotheattackers.zxx|kOncetheyarrive,thetablesareturned.Theattackerwhowaslunchingnowbecomeslunch.Instudyafterstudy,itappearsthatthesechemicalconversationshelptheneighbors.Thedamageisusuallymoreseriousonthefirstplant,buttheneighbors,relativelyspeaking,staysaferbecausetheyheardthealarmandknewwhattodo.Does

this

mean

that

plants

talk

to

each

other?

Scientists

don’t

know.

Maybe

the

first

plant

just

made

a

cry

of

pain

or

was

sending

a

message

to

its

own

branches,

and

so,

in

effect,

was

talking

to

itself.

Perhaps

the

neighbors

just

happened

to

“overhear”

the

cry.

So

information

was

exchanged,

but

it

wasn’t

a

true,

intentional

back

and

forth.

Charles

Darwin,

over

150

years

ago,

imagined

a

world

far

busier,

noisier

and

more

intimate(亲热的)

than

the

world

we

can

see

and

hear.

Our

senses

are

weak.

There’s

a

whole

lot

going

on.

32.

What

does

a

plant

do

when

it

is

under

attack?

A.

It

makes

noises.

B.

It

gets

help

from

other

plants.

C.

It

stands

quietly

D.

It

sends

out

certain

chemicals.

33.

What

does

the

author

mean

by

“the

tables

are

turned”

in

paragraph

3?

A.

The

attackers

get

attacked.

B.

The

insects

gather

under

the

table.

C.

The

plants

get

ready

to

fight

back.

D.

The

perfumes

attract

natural

enemies.34.Scientistsfindfromtheirstudiesthatplantscan.A.predictnaturaldisastersB.protectthemselvesagainstinsectsC.talktooneanotherintentionallyD.helptheirneighborswhennecessary35.whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Thewordischangingfasterthanever.B.PeoplehavestrongersensesthanbeforeC.TheworldismorecomplexthanitseemsD.PeopleinDarwin’stimewereimaginative.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Interruptionsareoneoftheworstthingstodealwithwhileyou’retryingtogetworkdone.36,thereareseveralwaystohandlethings.Let’stakealookatthemnow.37.Tellthepersonyou’resorryandexplainthatyouhaveamillionthingstodoandthenaskiftheofyoucantalkatadifferenttime.Whenpeopletrytointerruptyou,havesethoursplannedandletthemknowtocomebackduringthattimeorthatyou’llfindthemthen.38.Itcanhelptoeliminate(消除)futureinterruptions.Whenyouneedtosomeone,don’tdoitinyourownoffice.39.it’smucheaseiertoexcuseyourselftogetbacktoyourworkthanifyoutrytogetsomeoneoutofyourspaceevenafterexplaininghowbusyyouareIfyouhaveadoortoyouroffice,makegooduseofit.40.Ifsomeoneknocksandit’snotanimportantmatter.Excuseyourselfandletthepersonknowyou’rebusysotheycangetthehint(暗示)thanwhenthedoorisclosed,you’renottobedisturbed.A.Ifyou’rebusy,don’tfeelbadaboutsayingnoB.Whenyouwanttoavoidinterruptionsatworkzxx.kC.SetboundariesforyourselfasyourtimegoesD.Ifyou’reintheotherperson’sofficeorinapublicarceaE.It’simportantthatyouletthemknowwhenyou’llbeavailableF.ItmightseemunkindtocutpeopleshirtwhentheyinterruptyouG.Leaveitopenwhenyou’reavailabletotalkandcloseitwhenyou’renot第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。In1973,Iwasteachingelementaryschool.Eachday,27kids41“TheThinkingLaboratory.”Thatwasthe42studentsvotedforafterdecidingthat“Room104”wastoo43.Freddywasanaverage44,butnotanaverageperson.Hehadtherarebalanceoffunandcompassion（同情）.Hewould45theloudestoverfunandbethesaddestoveranyone’s46.Beforetheschoolyear47,Igavethekidsaspecial48,T-shertswiththewords“VerbsAreYour49onthem.Ihadadvisedthekidsthatwhileverbs（动词）mayseemdull,mostofthe50thingstheydothroughouttheirliveswillbeverbs.Throughtheyears,I’drunintoformerstudentswhowouldprovide51onoldclassmates.IlearnedthatFreddydidseveraljobsafterhis52fromhighschoolandremainedthesame53personImetfortyyearsbefore.Once,whileworkingovernightatastore,heletahomelessman54inhistruck.Anothertime,he55afriendmoneytobuyahouse.Justlastyear,Iwas56aworkshopwhensomeoneknockedattheclassroomdoor.Awoman57theinterruptionandhandedmeanenvelope.Istoppedteachingand58itup.Insidewerethe“Verbs”shertanda59fromFreddy’smonther.“FreddypassedawayonThanksgiving.Hewantedyoutohavethis.”Itoldthestorytotheclass.Assadasitwas,Icouldn’thelpsmiling.AlthoughFreddywastakenfromus,weall60somethingfromFreddy.41.A.builtB.enteredC.decoratedD.ran42.A.nameB.ruleC.brandD.plan43.A.smallB.darkC.strangeD.dull44.A.scholarB.studentC.citizenD.worker45.A.speakB.singC.questionD.laugh46.A.misfortuneB.disbeliefC.dishonestyD.mistake47.A.changedB.approachedC.returnedD.ended48.A.lessonB.gifeC.reportD.message49.A.friendsB.AwardsC.MastersD.Tasks50.A.simpleB.uniqueC.funD.clever51.A.assessmentsB.commentsC.instructionsD.updates52.A.graduationB.retirementC.separationD.resignation53.A.daringB.modestC.caringD.smart54.A.waitB.sleepC.studyD.live55.A.paidB.chargedC.lentD.owed56.A.observingB.preparingC.designingD.conducting57.A.regrettedB.avoidedC.excusedD.ignored58.A.openedB.packedC.gaveD.held59.A.pictureB.billC.noteD.diary60.A.choseB.tookC.expectedD.borrowed第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。In1863thefirstundergroundpassengerrailwayintheworldopenedinLondon.Itranforjustundersevenkilometersandallowedpeopletoavoidterrible__61__(crowd)ontheroadsaboveastheytravelledtoand___62__word.Ittookthreeyearstocompleteandwasbuiltusinganinterestingmethod.Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,____63___(lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofover___64___top.Whenallthosehadbeendone,theroadsurfacewasreplaced.Steamengines___65__(use)topullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeen___66__(fair)unpleasantforthepasssengers,withallthesmokeandnoise.However,therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonths,morethan25,000peoplewereusing___67__everyday.Later,engineers____68___(manage)toconstructrailwaysinasystemofdeeptunnels(隧道）,whichbecameknowntothetube.Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe___69___(introduce)ofelectric-poweredenginesandlifts.ThecentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost___70___(success)ofthesenewlines,andwasopenedin1900.Ithadwhite-paintedtunnelsandbrightredcarriages,andprovedextremelypopularwiththepublic.第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处；每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Mr.andMrs.Zhangallworkinourschool.Theylivefarfromtheschool,andittakesthemaboutahourandahalftogotoworkeveryday.Intheirsparetime,theyareinterestinginplantingvegetablesintheirgarden,thatisontherooftopoftheirhouse.Theyoftengetupearlierandwaterthevegetablestogether.Theyhavealsoboughtforsomegardeningtools.beside,theyoftengetsomeusefulinformationsfromtheinternet.Whensummercame,theywillinvitetheirstudentspickthevegetables！第二节书面表达（满分25分）假定你是李华，想邀请邀请外教Henry一起参观中国剪纸（paper-cutting）艺术展。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：1.展览时间、地点；2.展览内容。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考答案21—25ACDCD 26—30ABACB 31—35DDABC 36—40BAEDG41—45BADBD 46—50ADBAC 51—55DACBC 56—60DCACB61.crowd