2020-2021学年上海市徐汇中学高一上学期期中考试英语试题解析版(不含听力音频)

2020-2021学年上海市徐汇中学高一上学期期中考试英语试题I.ListeningComprehension(24’)SectionA(10’)Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Hehadagoodtalkwithsomegirls.B.Hewasinagoodmoodyesterday.C.Hedidn’tgotoworkduetohisillness.D.Hestayedintheofficealldayyesterday.2.A.Shedoesn’twanttotellstudentstheirexamresults.B.Mr.Brownisbusywithworkinhisoffice.C.Shehasnoideawheretheman’sexampaperis.D.Mr.Browndoesn’twantotherstotouchhisthings.3.A.Themanisexpectingthenewspaper.B.Thenewspaperwasdeliveredtothewronghouse.C.Thenewspaperwillbedeliveredlater.D.Thedeliveryhasbeencancelled.4.A.Shedoesn’thavetimetoeatwiththem.B.Sheissureshecanjointhem.C.Shewillasktheprofessorforleave.D.Shewillskipthelecture.5.A.OnMay10.B.OnMay9.C.OnMay8.D.OnMay7.6.A.He’stoobusytogototheconcert.B.Thereisalonglinebeforetheticketoffice.C.Carlalreadyknowstheconcertisateight.D.Hehasn’tbeenabletoreachCarl.7.A.Accountant.B.Secretary.C.Mechanic.D.Manager.8.A.Acaristhebestwaytotravel.B.Sheborrowsherbrother’scar.C.Shecan’tlivewithoutacar.D.Acarisn’tneededinthecity.9.A.Leavethechildrenathome.B.Leavethechildrentomaketheirownamusement.C.Arrangesomegamesforchildren.D.Tellthemtotakesometoyswiththem.10.A.Jimalwaysfeelsuninterestedinhisjob.B.Jimenjoyshisnewjob.C.Jimworksdiligentlyonhisnewjob.D.Jimseemstobeverytiredfromhisnewjob.SectionB(14’)Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassages,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassages.Thepassageswillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Thegrowingnumberofout-of-schoolchildren.B.Theeconomicconditionsindevelopingnations.C.Thementalhealthofout-of-schoolchildren.D.Alackofbasicfacilitiesinprimaryschools.12.A.Localgovernmentsbenefitfrombasiceducation.B.Children’sparentsbenefitfrombasiceducation.C.Childrenwithbasiceducationareexpectedtohaveabetterlife.D.Childrenwithbasiceducationareexpectedtolivetogether.13.A.Provingarelationshipbetweenbasiceducationandeconomicgrowth.B.Findingthevalueofbasiceducation.C.Helpingpromoteeconomyindevelopingnations.D.Callingforprovidingbasiceducationformorechildren.Questions14through17arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Ascholarship.B.Anewjob.C.Aresearchaward.D.Adegree.15.A.Threeyears.B.Twoyears.C.Oneyear.D.Oneyearandahalf.16.A.TheymakecomparisonsofculturesbetweentheEastandtheWest.B.TheysurveysomeaspectsofAmericanculture.C.TheymakecomparisonsofculturesbetweenBritainandChina.D.TheyanalyzesomeaspectsofChineseculture.17.A.He’llmeettheentryrequirements.B.He’llpresentascientificpaper.C.He’llapplyfordistancelearning.D.He’llresign(辞职)fromhisteachingposition.II.GrammarandVocabularySectionA(10’)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Writeyouranswersontheanswersheet.InMarch1974,twobrothersdiggingawellhappenedtofindsomefragments(碎片)ofpotteryandalife-sizedterracottahead.Thefindterrifiedthemgreatly.Archaeologists____1____(send)tothesiteforalong-termprojecttoestablishanewmuseum.In1979,afterabout2,000warriors____2____(discover),themuseumwasopentothepublic.TheterracottaWarriors____3____displayareanarmyofaround8,000life-sizedpotteryfigures____4____(bury)closetothebombofQinShiHuang,thefirstemperorofaunitedChina.Theemperorintendedtoliveforever.Therefore,hewishedtocopyinhistombthepropertyoflifeaboveground,includingamicrocosm(缩影)ofhisempireandaprivatecollectionroom,____5____hebelievedthatthelargerthestateandthericherthefamily,themoreelaborate(精心的)theburialshouldbe.Althoughtherearedifferencesintheirfunction,eachwarrior____6____(wear)theproperuniformforhisroleandhasuniquephysicalfeatures.Thewarriorswerecreatedforthepurposeof____7____(guard)theQinemperorinhisafterlife,alongwitharound700terracottahorsesand130terracottachariots(战车).ItsbasicplananddesignoriginatedfromtraditionalChineseroyaltombsbutWesterninfluenceimprovednewskillsthatenabledthecraftspeople____8____(increase)thesizeofterracottafigurestheymade.Oneof____9____(astonishing)recentdiscoverieswasahugeseatedfigure(solargethathewouldhavetakensize18shoes).HewasprobablyaweightlifterwhosepowerandposeseemverymuchinthetraditionofHellenisticcopiesoffiguresbyLysippos(AlexandertheGreat’spersonalsculptor).Butresearchintotheseinfluencesisstillalongwayfromprovidingconclusiveanswers,astheemperor’stomb_____10_____hasnotyetbeendugforfearofdamagingthethingsinit.【答案】1.weresent2.werediscovered3.on4.buried5.because6.wears7.guarding8toincrease9.themostastonishing10.itself【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了秦始皇兵马俑被发现的经过以及这些兵马俑的数量和功能。【1题详解】考查时态语态。句意：考古学家们被派往该地进行一项建立新博物馆的长期项目。此处主语与谓语构成被动关系，且描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为Archaeologists，谓语用复数。故填weresent。【2题详解】考查时态语态。句意：1979年，在大约2000名战士被发现后，博物馆向公众开放。此处主语与谓语构成被动关系，且结合上文In1979可知描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为2,000warriors，谓语用复数。故填werediscovered。【3题详解】考查介词。句意：展出的兵马俑是一支由大约8000个真人大小的陶俑组成的军队，埋葬在统一中国的第一位皇帝秦始皇的陵墓附近。结合句意表示“展出”可知，短语为ondisplay。故填on。4题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：展出的兵马俑是一支由大约8000个真人大小的陶俑组成的军队，埋葬在统一中国的第一位皇帝秦始皇的陵墓附近。分析句子结构可知bury在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语anarmyofaround8,000life-sizedpotteryfigures构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填buried。【5题详解】考查状语从句。句意：因此，他希望在自己的坟墓里复制地上生命的财产，包括他的帝国的一个缩影和一个私人收藏室，因为他认为国家越大，家庭越富有，埋葬就应该越精致。引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”应用because。故填because。【6题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：虽然他们的功能不同，但每个战士都穿着适合他的角色的制服，并有独特的身体特征。根据上文“therearedifferencesintheirfunction”可知用一般现在时，且主语由each修饰，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填wears。【7题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些兵马俑是为了在秦始皇死后保护他而建造的，另外还有大约700匹兵马俑和130辆战车。作介词of的宾语，guard应用动名词形式。故填guarding。【8题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：它的基本规划和设计源自中国传统的皇家陵墓，但西方的影响改进了新的技术，使工匠能够增加他们制作的陶俑的尺寸。结合句意表示“使……能够……”短语为enable…todosth.。故填toincrease。【9题详解】考查最高级。句意：最近最惊人的发现之一是一个巨大的坐像（大到他可以穿18码的鞋）。此处为“oneof+形容词最高级+可数名词复数形式”结构，astonishing应用最高级，在前面加themost。故填themostastonishing。【10题详解】考查代词。句意：但对这些影响的研究还需要很长一段时间才能得出决定性的答案，因为皇帝的陵墓本身还没有被挖掘，因为担心破坏里面的东西。此处指代陵墓本身，应用反身代词itself。故填itself。SectionB(10’)Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.profitablyB.fallenC.sellD.dangerousAB.dumpAC.efficientlyAD.plasticBC.endlessBD.civilizationCD.throwawayABC.stylishThevalueofupcyclingRecyclingisawell-knownideathatreferstoreusingwastematerialsinanywaypossible.Butwhatabout“upcycling”?It’sanewword,eventhoughit’ssomethingthathasbeengoingonsincehuman____11____began.Itmeansreusingwastematerialssothattheyhavegreatervalue.Throughouthistory,peoplehavealwaysdonecreativethingswith“trash”.Forexample,they’veusedstrawanddeadleavestomakeroofs,skinfromdeadanimalstomakeleathergoods,andwoodfrom____12____treestomakeboats.Sowhyisthereanewwordforitnow?Oneanswertothisquestionisthatwereusefewerandfewerthings,andsohavebecomea(n)“____13____”society.Thishasraisedhugequestionsaboutwaste:Wherecanwe____14____itall?Willitpollutetheenvironment?Coulditbe____15____toourhealth?Theevidenceiseverywhere—eveninthePacificOcean,wherebillionsofbitsofbroken____16____floatnearthesurface.Fisheatthem,andthenweeatthefish.Soupcyclershaveadoptedthisnewwordtofocuspeople’sattentiononhowwastecannotsimplybereused,butbereused____17____.Infact,upcyclersdon’tliketheideaofwasteandprefertocallitan“asset”,somethingofvalue.Nowadays,therearelotsoforganizationsthat____18____productswithupcycledmaterial.Someartistsanddesignershaveupcycledthingslikedenimfromoldjeanstomakerugs,andwoodfromoldhousestomakefurniture.Othershaveevenusedcandywrapperstomakehandbags!Sometimesthey’lladda(n)____19____elementtotheirproducts,suchasabeautifulmosaic(马赛克)madewithbrokendishes.Witha(n)_____20_____supplyof“assets”,itseemsthatupcyclinghasagreatfuture.【答案】11.BD12.B13.CD14.AB15.D16.AD17.A18.C19.ABC20.BC【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。主要论述了“upcycling”（升级再造）的含义及意义。【11题详解】考查名词。句意：虽然这是人类文明开始以来一直在发生的事情，但这是一个新词。根据句意及分析句型可知此处填名词，构成名词短语humancivilization在句中作主语。故选BD项。【12题详解】考查形容词。句意：例如，他们用稻草和枯叶做屋顶，用死去动物的皮做皮革制品，用倒下的树木做船。分析句子结构可知此处填形容词，作定语修饰名词trees。根据句意，可知此处表示倒下的、死去的树木。故选B项。【13题详解】考查形容词。句意：对于这个问题，答案之一就是我们重复使用的东西越来越少，因此已经成为一个一次性商品充斥的社会。分析句型可知，此处要填形容词修饰后面的名词society；根据“wereusefewerandfewerthings”（我们重复使用东西越来越少了），可知现代社会人们习惯使用一次性物品了。故选CD项。【14题详解】考查动词。句意：这引发了关于垃圾的巨大问题：我们可以把垃圾倾倒在哪里?分析句型可知，此处填动词。根据句意，此处意指把垃圾倾倒在哪里。故选AB项。【15题详解】考查形容词。句意：它对我们会有害吗？分析句型可知，此处填形容词；根据句意，此处考查短语bedangerousto（对......有害）。故选D项。【16题详解】考查名词。句意：即使在太平洋，这种证据也无处不在，那里有数十亿的塑料碎片漂浮在海面附近。根据分析句子结构可知此处填名词，在句中作主语；根据句意，此处意指有大量的塑料漂浮在太平洋上。故选AD项。【17题详解】考查副词。句意：因此，升级回收者采用了这个新词，让人们关注垃圾如何不简单地重复利用，而是有利可图地重复利用。分析句子结构可知，此处要用副词来修饰前面的动词reuse；根据句意，此处意指要有利润可图地去回收垃圾。故选A项。【18题详解】考查动词。句意：现在，有很多组织销售升级后材料的产品。分析句型可知，此处填动词在定语从句中作谓语动词。根据前句“Infact,upcyclersdon’tliketheideaofwasteandprefertocallitan“asset”,somethingofvalue.”（事实上，升级回收者们不喜欢废品这个想法，而是更愿意把它称作资产。），所以很多组织销售改造升级后的废品。故选C项。【19题详解】考查形容词。句意：有时他们会给一个产品添加时尚元素，比如由破碎的盘子做成的漂亮的马赛克。分析句子结构，可知此处要填形容词修饰后面的名词element；根据“suchasabeautifulmosaic(马赛克)madewithbrokendishes”，可知艺术家往产品中加入了时尚元素。故选ABC项。【20题详解】考查形容词。句意：有着无穷无尽的“资产”供应，升级回收似乎有着一个伟大的未来。分析句子结构，可知此处要填形容词修饰后面的名词supply；根据句意，此处意指废品数量很多，利用废品改造升级回收利用有着无尽的资源供应。故选BC项。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionA(15’)Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Formostpeople,thelongestrelationshiptheywillhaveiswiththeirsibling(兄弟姐妹).It’sashame,then,thatwecan’tchoosethem.Aschildren,myyoungersisterandIwerealways____21____witheachother.Iwasjealousofherlooksandshefeltthreatenedbymyacademicsuccess.Butourrivalry(竞争)was____22____comparedtothatofsomefamoussiblings.Take1940smoviestarOliviadeHavillandandJoanFontaineasanexample.ThecompetitiverelationshipbetweenthesesistersisfamousinHollywood.“Imarriedfirst,wontheOscarbeforeOliviadid.AndifIdiefirst,she’ll____23____beangrybecauseIbeathertoit,”Joanwroteinherautobiography(自传).Theirrivalrybecamevery____24____in1946whenOliviawonanOscar.JoanwasaskedtopresenttheawardbutOliviarefusedtoevenshakeherhand.“Theyjustdon’thavemuchincommon,”saidonepersonatthetime.Butit’snotjustin____25____businesswheresiblingsfallout.BusinessmanRudolfandAdolfDasslerstartedmakingsportsshoesinthesmallGermantownofHerzogenaurachinthe1920s.Theirfactorysouthoftheriverbecameverysuccessfulbuttheywerealwaysvery____26____.Adolf,orAdi,wasaquietcraftsmanwhileRudolfwas“aloud-mouthedsalesman”.____27____,in1948,thebrothersfelloutpermanently.Rudolfmovedacrosstheriverandsetuparivalsports-shoecompany,whichhecalledPuma.____28____,Adiusedthefirstlettersofhisnameandsurnametocreatehisbrand—Adidas.Thebrothersneverspoketoeachotheragainandtheirrivalry____29____thetown.TheresidentsworeeitherAdidasorPumaandwouldsometimesrefuseto_____30_____eachother.Itbecameaplacewhereyoualwayslookedatthe_____31_____someonewaswearingbeforestartingaconversation.Thebrothersdiedinthe1970sandwereburiedinthesamecemetery—atoppositeends.Butnotallsuccessfulsiblings_____32_____eachother.ToptennisplayersSerenaandVenusWilliamshaveplayedeachotherinovermajortennistournamentfinals,buthavealwaysremainedthebestfriends.Theyplayeddoublestogether,livedtogether,andevenhadbreakfasttogetherbeforethesebigmatches.“Weleaveeverythingonthe_____33_____,”Serenaoncesaid.“We’resistersthemomentweshakehandsatthenet.”So,nowthatwe’readults,havemysisterandIlearnttobemoreliketheWilliamsistersandlessliketheDasslers?Well,I’dlovetosay“yes”butthe_____34_____answeris“notalways”.IstillhateseeingphotosofustogetherbecauseIstillfeelinferior(次的)toher.Butourrivalryisnotasbadasitusedtobe,andifIfeelreallyjealous,Iremindmyself:_____35_____disappearsbutasisterisforlife!21.A.competing B.dealing C.communicating D.agreeing22.A.anything B.something C.everything D.nothing23.A.sadly B.undoubtedly C.unequally D.negatively24.A.passionate B.public C.unreasonable D.fierce25.A.show B.family C.manufacture D.trade26.A.familiar B.friendly C.different D.positive27.A.Otherwise B.Meanwhile C.Additionally D.Eventually28.A.Afterall B.Bycomparison C.Inresponse D.Onthewhole29.A.livened B.enlarged C.divided D.widen30.A.mixwith B.takeon C.lookafter D.setup31.A.shoes B.clothes C.glasses D.watches32.A.like B.hate C.ignore D.value33.A.way B.surface C.side D.court34.A.designed B.easy C.truthful D.acceptable35.A.reputation B.beauty C.difference D.dream【答案】21.A22.D23.B24.B25.A26.C27.D28.C29.C30.A31.A32.B33.D34.C35.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过举例论述了兄弟姐妹之间的竞争或友好的关系，并希望兄弟姐妹之间建立良好的关系。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：小时候，我和妹妹总是互相竞争。A.competing竞争；B.dealing交易；C.communicating交流；D.agreeing同意。根据后文“Iwasjealousofherlooksandshefeltthreatenedbymyacademicsuccess.”以及“ourrivalry”可知，这里指姐妹之间互相“竞争”。故选A项。【22题详解】考查不定代词词义辨析。句意：但我们的竞争与一些著名的兄弟姐妹相比根本不算什么。A.anything任何东西；B.something某些东西；C.everything一切东西；D.nothing什么都没有。根据语境以及后文“ThecompetitiverelationshipbetweenthesesistersisfamousinHollywood.”可知，作者认为自己姐妹之间的竞争和著名人物相比不算什么。故选D项。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果我先死，她必定会因为我打败了她而生气的。A.sadly伤心地；B.undoubtedly毋庸置疑地，必定；C.unequally不平等地；D.negatively消极地。根据语境及后文“becauseIbeathertoit”可知，她们姐妹之间竞争非常激烈，她肯定会因为被打败而生气的。故选B项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：1946年，奥利维亚获得奥斯卡奖，两人的竞争公开化。A.passionate热情的；B.public公众的；C.unreasonable不合理的；D.fierce激烈的。根据后文“JoanwasaskedtopresenttheawardbutOliviarefusedtoevenshakeherhand.”可知，在颁奖的公众场合她们显示不合作，可见她们的竞争公开化了。故选B项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但不仅仅是在演艺圈，兄弟姐妹会闹翻。A.show演出；B.family家庭；C.manufacture制造；D.trade贸易。根据前文第二段中“Take1940smoviestarOliviadeHavillandandJoanFontaineasanexample.”可知，这里指“演艺圈”。故选A项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们在河南边的工厂非常成功，但他们总是不相同的。A.familiar熟悉的；B.friendly友好的；C.different不同的；D.positive积极的。根据后文“Adolf,orAdi,wasaquietcraftsmanwhileRudolfwas‘aloud-mouthedsalesman’.”可知，他们很不相同。故选C项。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，在1948年，兄弟俩永久地闹翻了。A.Otherwise否则；B.Meanwhile同时；C.Additionally另外；D.Eventually最终。根据语境和事情的发展以及后文“Rudolfmovedacrosstheriverandsetuparivalsports-shoecompany,whichhecalledPuma.”等内容可知，最终他们兄弟俩闹翻了。故选D项。【28题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：作为回应，阿迪用自己名字和姓氏的首字母创建了自己的品牌——阿迪达斯。A.Afterall毕竟；B.Bycomparison通过比较；C.Inresponse作为回应；D.Onthewhole总而言之。根据前文“Rudolfmovedacrosstheriverandsetuparivalsports-shoecompany,whichhecalledPuma.”以及后文“Adiusedthefirstlettersofhisnameandsurnametocreatehisbrand—Adidas.”可知，阿迪所做的是为了回应鲁道夫的分裂行为。故选C项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：兄弟俩再也没说过话，他们的敌对使镇上的人分裂了。A.livened使活跃；B.enlarged扩大；C.divided分开；D.widen加宽。根据后文“TheresidentsworeeitherAdidasorPumaandwouldsometimesrefuseto____10____eachother.”可知，他们兄弟的敌对导致了镇上人的分裂。故选C项。【30题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这些居民要么穿着阿迪达斯，要么穿着彪马，有时拒绝相互混在一起。A.mixwith与……混合；B.takeon承担，呈现；C.lookafter照顾；D.setup建立。根据语境以及前文“TheresidentsworeeitherAdidasorPuma”可知，居民们要么穿哥哥的品牌，要么穿弟弟的品牌，甚至会拒绝两个品牌混在一起。故选A项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：镇子变成了这么一个地方，在开始交谈之前，你总是先看看别人穿的鞋。A.shoes鞋；B.clothes衣服；C.glasses眼镜；D.watches手表。根据前文第三段中“BusinessmanRudolfandAdolfDasslerstartedmakingsportsshoes”可知，他们生产鞋，所以镇上的人们会看看别人穿的鞋，了解别人是支持兄弟中的哪一个。故选A项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但并不是所有成功的兄弟姐妹都讨厌对方。A.like喜欢；B.hate憎恨，讨厌；C.ignore忽视；D.value珍视。根据句首连词“But”的语义转折以及后文“ToptennisplayersSerenaandVenusWilliamshaveplayedeachotherinovermajortennistournamentfinals,buthavealwaysremainedthebestfriends.”所举事例可知，并不是所有成功的兄弟姐妹都讨厌对方。故选B项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们把一切都留在球场上。A.way道路；B.surface表面；C.side侧面；D.court（网球等的）球场。根据前文“ToptennisplayersSerenaandVenusWilliamshaveplayedeachotherinovermajortennistournamentfinals,buthavealwaysremainedthebestfriends.”可知，她们是网球运动员，这里指“网球场”。故选D项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：嗯，我很想说“是的”，但真实的答案是“不总是”。A.designed设计的；B.easy容易的；C.truthful真实的；D.acceptable可接受的。根据前文“yes”以及后文“notalways”可知，作者希望姐妹之间是友好的，但是事实和希望并不完全一致，这里指“真实的”答案。故选C项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我们的竞争已经不像以前那么激烈了，如果我真的嫉妒了，我就会提醒自己：美貌会消失的，姐妹是一辈子的！A.reputation名声；B.beauty美丽；C.difference差异；D.dream梦想。根据常识及前文“Iwasjealousofherlooks”可知，此处指“美貌”会消失的。故选B项。SectionB(22’)Directions:Readthefollowingtwopassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.A“Congratulations,Mr.Jones,it’sagirl.”Fatherhoodisgoingtohaveadifferentmeaningandbringforthadifferentanswerfromeverymanwhohearsthesewords.Somefeelproudwhentheyreceivethenews,whileothersworry,wonderingwhethertheywillbegoodfathers.Althoughtherearesomemenwholikechildrenandmayhavehadalotofexperiencewiththem,othersdonotparticularlycareforchildrenandspendlittletimewiththem.Manyfathersandmothershavebeenplanningandlookingforwardtochildrenforsometime.Forothercouples,pregnancywasanaccidentthatbothhusbandandwifehaveacceptedwillinglyorunwillingly.Whateverthereactiontothebirthofachild,itisobviousthatthechangefromtheroleofhusbandtothatoffatherisadifficulttask.Yet,unfortunately,fewtrieshavebeenmadetoeducatefathersinthisre-socializationprocess.AlthoughmanygoodbookshavebeenwrittenaboutAmericanmothers,onlyrecentlyhavesomebooksdiscussedtheroleofafather.Itisarguedbysomewritersthatthetransitiontothefather’srole,althoughdifficult,isnotnearlyasgreatasthetransitionthewifemustmaketothemother’srole.Themother’sroleseemstorequireacompletetransformationofdailyroutineandadaptationtoanewlife,ontheotherhand,thefather’sroleislessimmediate.However,eventhoughwehavementionedthefactthatgrowingnumbersofwomenareworkingoutsidethehome,thefatherisstillthoughtbymanyasthebreadwinnerinthehousehold.36.Accordingtotheauthor,beingafather________.A.bringsafeelingofexcitementtosomemenB.hasadifferentmeaningforthosewhohavedaughtersC.makessomemenfeelproudandothersuneasyD.meansnothingbutmoreresponsibilities37.Itisstatedinthepassagethat________.A.someparentsarepreparedtohaveachildB.youngcouplesdonotlikechildrenatallC.workingcouplesdonothavemuchtimetotakecareoftheirchildrenD.manyparentslookforwardtohavingaboyastheirfirstchild38.Thetransitiontothemother’srolerequiresthatthewife________.A.changesherlifestyleinaquitedifferentwayB.makesacompletechangeinhereverydaylifetodealwiththenewsituationC.staysathometotakecareofthebabyD.helpsherhusbandinhisre-socializationprocess39.Somewritersarguethatintermsofthechangeoftheroles,fathers,comparedwithmothers,________.A.havetodomoreinthehousehold B.havetomakemoredifficultadaptationsC.haveaneasierjobtodo D.canusuallydoabetterjob【答案】36.C37.A38.B39.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论是孩子出生后父母角色的变化，以及一些人对这种角色转变的看法。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Somefeelproudwhentheyreceivethenews,whileothersworry,wonderingwhethertheywillbegoodfathers.(有些人收到消息后感到骄傲，而其他人则担心，不知道他们是否会成为好父亲)”可知，成为父亲让一些人感到很自豪，而另外一些人感到很担忧。故选C。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Manyfathersandmothershavebeenplanningandlookingforwardtochildrenforsometime.(许多父亲和母亲已经计划和期待孩子一段时间了)”可知，一些父母准备要一个孩子。故选A。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Themother’sroleseemstorequireacompletetransformationofdailyroutineandadaptationtoanewlife,ontheotherhand,thefather’sroleislessimmediate.(母亲的角色似乎需要对日常生活的完全转变和对新生活的适应，另一方面，父亲的角色则不那么直接)”可知，向母亲角色的转变要求妻子在日常生活中做出完全的改变，以应对新的情况。故选B。【39题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Itisarguedbysomewritersthatthetransitiontothefather’srole,althoughdifficult,isnotnearlyasgreatasthetransitionthewifemustmaketothemother’srole.Themother’sroleseemstorequireacompletetransformationofdailyroutineandadaptationtoanewlife,ontheotherhand,thefather’sroleislessimmediate.However,eventhoughwehavementionedthefactthatgrowingnumbersofwomenareworkingoutsidethehome,thefatherisstillthoughtbymanyasthebreadwinnerinthehousehold.(有些作家认为，向父亲角色的转变虽然困难，但远不如妻子向母亲角色的转变那么大。母亲的角色似乎需要对日常生活的完全转变和对新生活的适应，另一方面，父亲的角色则不那么直接。然而，尽管我们已经提到越来越多的妇女外出工作这一事实，但父亲仍然被许多人认为是养家糊口的人)”可知，和母亲的角色的转变相比，父亲的角色的转变较容易。故选C。BThediscoveryofMachuPicchuTheIncasBetween1438and1532theIncasbuiltanempirewithapopulationofabout12,000,000peopleonthewestcoastofSouthAmerica.Theyhadnosystemofwriting,solittleisknownabouttheireverydaylives.Butwedoknowthesethings:●theybuiltlargecitiesinthemountains●theybuilthouseswithhugesquarestones●theybuilt23,000kilometersofroadsthroughthemountains●theydidnothavewheelssoeverythingwascarriedbyanimalsorpeopleItwasearlymorningon24July,1911.AyoungAmericanarchaeologistnamedHiramBinghamwasinasmallhotelinPeru,intheAndesmountains.HewastherebecausehewantedtofindalostIncacity.Hewasnotthefirst.BeforeBingham,otherexplorershadlookedforthecity,buttheyhadn’tfoundit.BinghamhasalwaysbeenattractedbytheIncas.Hewasauniversityprofessorandhadstudiedtheircivilizationformanyyears.BinghamandsomescientistshadtravelledallthewaytoPerufromtheUSA,andhadgoneuptothecityofCuzco.FromCuzco,theyhadtravelledhigherupintothemountains,toabout1,800meters,andtheyhadspentthenightinthehotel.ThehotelownerhadtoldBinghamabouta‘lost’citynotfaraway.Onthemorningof24July,Binghamandaguidewentoutintheheavytropicalrainandclimbedanother60meters.Ontheway,theymetaten-year-oldboywholedthemthroughthejungletoawall.Theyclimbedoveritandthereitwas.MachuPicchu—thelostcityoftheIncas.Inhisbook‘ThediscoveryofMachuPicchu’HiramBinghamwrote:‘SuddenlyIwasstandinginfrontofthewallsofaruinandhousesfromthebestqualityofIncaart…Ifoundbrillianttemples,royalhouses,abigsquareandtensofhouses.Itlookedlikeadream.’40.WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueoftheIncas?A.Theyleftbehindnowrittenrecords.B.TheylivedalongthecoastofAmerica.C.Theyinventedvehicleswithoutwheels.D.Theybuiltroadsleadingtootherempires.41.WhydidBinghamgotoPeruin1911?A.Tostudyanendangeredcivilization.B.Tofindlocalpeoplethatoncelivedthere.C.Toconfirmotherexplorers’previousfindings.D.Tolookforanancientcitythatusedtobethere.42.Whathappenedonthemorningof24July,1911?A.Thebook‘ThediscoveryofMachuPicchu’wascompleted.B.Alittleboywentthroughthejunglebyaccident.C.ThecityofCuzcowasrediscovered.D.BinghamfoundMachuPicchu.【答案】40.A41.D42.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了MachuPicchu的发现过程。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据左框中“Theyhadnosystemofwriting,solittleisknownabouttheireverydaylives.(他们没有文字书写系统，所以人们对他们的日常生活知之甚少)”可知，选项A“他们没有留下任何书面记录”是正确的。故选A项。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据右上框第一段中“HewastherebecausehewantedtofindalostIncacity.(他去那里是因为他想找到一座失落的印加城市)”可知，Bingham去那里的目的是寻找曾经在那里的一座古城。故选D项。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据右上框第一段中“Itwasearlymorningon24July,1911.(那是1911年7月24日的清晨)”以及第三段“Onthemorningof24July,Binghamandaguidewentoutintheheavytropicalrainandclimbedanother60meters.Ontheway,theymetaten-year-oldboywholedthemthroughthejungletoawall.Theyclimbedoveritandthereitwas.MachuPicchu—thelostcityoftheIncas.(7月24日上午，Bingham和一名导游冒着热带大雨又爬了60米。在路上，他们遇到了一个10岁的男孩，他带他们穿过丛林来到一堵墙前。他们爬过去，它就在那里。MachuPicchu——印加失落的城市)”可知，1911年7月24日的清晨，Bingham发现了MachuPicchu。故选D项。CAmericancitiesaresimilartoothercitiesaroundtheworld.Ineverycountry,citiesreflectthevaluesoftheculture.Americancitiesarechanging,justasAmericansocietyischanging.AfterWorldWarII,thepopulationofmostlargeAmericancitiesdecreased;however,thepopulationinmanySunBeltcitiesincreased.LosAngelesandHoustonarecitieswherepopulationshifts(转移)toandfromthecityreflectthechangingvaluesofAmericansociety.Inthelate1940sandearly1950s,cityresidents(居民)becamewealthier.Theyhadmorechildrensotheyneededmorespace.Theymovedoutoftheirapartmentsinthecitytobuytheirownhomes.Theyboughthousesinthesuburbs(郊区)。Nowthingsarechanging.Thechildrenofthepeoplewholeftthecitiesinthe1950sarenowadults.Many,unliketheirparents,wanttoliveinthecities.TheycontinuetomovetoSunBeltcitiesandolderonesoftheNortheastandMidwest.Manyyoungprofessionalsaremovingbackintothecity.Theypreferthecitytothesuburbsbecausetheirjobsarethere;ortheyjustenjoytheexcitementandpossibilitiesthatthecityoffers.Thispopulationshiftisbringingproblemsaswellasbenefits.Countlesspoorpeoplemustleavetheirapartmentsinthecitybecausetheownerswanttosellthebuildingsormakeapartmentsforsaleinsteadofforrent.Inthe1950s,manypoorpeopledidnothaveenoughmoneytomovetothesuburbs;nowmanyofthesesamepeopledonothaveeno