考点1　宾语从句 中考英语语法专题探究

语法十二主从复合句第2部分语法专题探究考点精讲试题精练考点1宾语从句链接中考考点精讲在复合句中充当宾语的句子称为宾语从句。宾语从句主要考查三要素：语序、引导词和时态。1.宾语从句的语序宾语从句必须用陈述语序，即“引导词＋主语＋谓语(＋其他)”。【注意】当what,who,which在宾语从句中作主语时，从句语序为“what/who/which＋谓语(＋其他)”。Ourteacheraskeduswhobrokethewindow.我们老师问我们谁打破了窗户。2.宾语从句的引导词引导词用法例子that无词义，不充当句子成分，在口语中常被省略。ButIbelievethatAprilisthehottestmonthoftheyearthere.

但我认为四月是那里一年中最热的月份。(RJ九全U2)if/whether意为“是否”，不充当句子成分，但不可以省略。Idon’tknowif/whethershe’lldancewithme.

我不知道她会不会与我共舞。引导词用法例子疑问代词what,which,who(2023.40),whom,whose,whoever等充当从句中的主语、宾语、表语或定语，不可以省略。Weneedtorethink①_____weeateveryday.我们需要重新思考一下我们每天吃什么。疑问副词where(2024.40,2023.40),when(2024.40,2023.40),why,how(2024.40)等充当从句中的状语，不可以省略。Share②_______youfeelbysaying

“I…”.通过说“我……”来分享你的感受。what

how

【注意】if和whether均可表示“是否”，引导宾语从句，一般情况下二者可以互换。但在下列情况下，只能用whether而不能用if：whether

3.宾语从句的时态(遵循三大原则)原则主句时态从句时态例子需要性原则现在时或将来时根据实际情况使用相应的时态。Hesayshe④_________(come)backtomorrow.他说他明天回来。呼应性原则过去时使用过去的某种时态(一般过去时/过去将来时/过去进行时/过去完成时)。SheaskedmeifI⑤_______(know)whosepenitwas.她问我是否知道这支钢笔是谁的。特殊性原则当从句表示的是客观事实或普遍真理时，不管主句用什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。Theteachertoldus(that)theearth⑥______(move)aroundthesun.老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。willcome

knew

moves

4.宾语从句的简化当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语或间接宾语相同，且主句的谓语动词是know,remember,ask,tell,show,teach等时，从句可简化为“疑问词＋不定式”结构。Shedoesn’tknowwhensheshouldgothere.＝Shedoesn’tknowwhen⑦______there.她不知道应该何时去那儿。togo

【注意】宾语从句的否定转移：当主句的主语是第一人称，且谓语动词是think,believe,suppose等时，从句的否定词要前移至主句。Idon’tthinktheyhavefinishedtheirworkyet.我认为他们还未完成自己的工作。链接中考宾语从句在单项选择中的应用(5年4考，每年0～1道)考查角度解题思路宾语从句的引导词或句意辨析题干多采用对话形式，可根据答语推断问句的句意，选择符合句意的引导词或从句。【考点突破】若选项非陈述语序，或时态不符合语境，可直接排除。(2024广西40题单选)—Couldyoupleasetellme________？—Inmyhometown.A．howyouusuallygotoschoolB．whereyouusuallyspendyourholidayC．whenyouusuallyhavebreakfastatschool解析：根据答语“Inmyhometown.”可知，上句询问的内容和地点有关。将各选项代入空格处，只有“whereyouusuallyspendyourholiday”符合句意。故选B。

(2023广西40题单选)—Excuseme,couldyoutellme________？—At7o’clockintheevening.A．whentheconcertwillstartB．wherewecanbuyconcertticketsC．whowillsingsongsattheconcert解析：根据答语“At7o’clockintheevening.”可知，上句询问的内容和时间有关。将各选项代入空格处，只有“whentheconcertwillstart”符合句意。故选A。试题精练单项选择引导词＋句意1.—Amy,doyouknow________？—Yes.It’sonThursday.A．whowilltakepartintheclassmeetingB．wherewe’llhaveaclassmeetingC．whenwe’llhaveaclassmeeting2.(2024福建)—Doyouknow________？—YeGuangfu,LiCongandLiGuangsu,allborninthe1980s.A．howtheShenzhouⅩⅤⅢenteredspaceB．whentheShenzhouⅩⅤⅢenteredspaceC．whoenteredspaceintheShenzhouⅩⅤⅢ3.—Couldyoutellme________？—BetterthanIexpected.A．whenyoutookyourexamsB．howyourspeechwasC．whetheryouwenttotheconcert4.—Iwonder________．—Yes,ittastesreallygood.A．ifthiskindofzongziisdeliciousB．whereIcanbuythiskindofzongziC．howmuchweshouldpayforthiskindofzongzi5.(2024白银改编)—Excuseme,doyouknow________？—Sure.There’sasupermarketdownthestreet.A．whereIcanbuysomevegetablesB．howtogettothepostofficeC．whenthebandstartsplaying6.—IamcuriousaboutGuangxi’sculture.Couldyoutellme________？—GuangxiMuseumwouldbeawonderfulplace.A．whenIcantravelthereB．whichplaceIshouldgoC．howIcangotoGuangxiMuseum7.(2024临夏州改编)—Doyouknow________？—Becausethescenery(景色)thereissofascinatingandthecultureissorich.A．whattheythinkofDunhuangB．whymanypeopletraveltoDunhuangC．wherewecanlearnaboutDunhuang8.(2024东营改编)—Doyouknow________？—20—30minutes,theexpertssuggest.A．whatweshouldeatforamealB．whyweshouldnoteatamealtooquicklyC．howlongweshouldspendeatingameal引导词＋句意＋时态9.—Whatdidtheteachersaytoyoujustnow?—Heaskedme________．A．whoIamshoutingatB．whyIlookedangrythenC．whenIwillworkouttheproblem10.—What’syourplanfortomorrow?—Iwanttogoout.ButIdon’tknow________．A．whereIwentjustnowB．whattheweatherwillbelikeC．thattheparkisworthavisit11.—I’mnotsure________．—You’vetriedyourbest.Whatevertheresultis,don’tbetoohardonyourself.A．whenIknewtheresultofmytestB．whetherIcangethighmarksinthetestC．whyIhavetoprepareforthetest引导词(＋句意)＋语序12.(2024乐山)—IjustwentbackfromGuangzhou.Canyouguess________？—Isupposeyoutookthehigh-speedtrain.A．howdidIgetthereB．whenIgotthereC．howIgotthere13.—Jack,Doyouknow________？Iwanttothankhimorherinperson.—No,itwasjustleftonthefrontdesk.A．wheremywalletisB．whosentmywalletbackC．howmuchmoneywasinmywallet14.(2024绥化)—Therewillbearobotonshowinourschoolnextweek.