中考英语二轮复习语法专项复习课件：专项整合复习十一+主从复合句篇

主从复合句由两个或两个以上的句子组合而成,句子间由连接词连接。这些句子中有一个主句,和一个或多个从句。从句在句中充当不同的成分,而被称为不同的从句,如宾语从句、状语从句、关系从句(定语从句)。▲主从复合句考点偏好一:宾语从句宾语从句:在句中作宾语,常位于句末,由连接词引导。(一)连接词1.连接词that(在口语和非正式文体中常省去)引导表示陈述句的宾语从句。

如:Shesaid(that)shemissedusverymuch.2.特殊疑问句由其本身的特殊疑问词连接。即:连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which;连接副词when,where,why,how,howmany,howlong。

如:Heaskedwhocouldanswerthequestion.3.一般疑问句由if/whether连接。如:Idon’tknowif/whetherhewillcome.Nobodyknewwhetherhecouldpasstheexamornot.注意:if和whether在宾语从句中的区别(1)if和whether作“是否”解时,引导的宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,find等之后,但在介词后不用if,而是用whether。如:I’mworryingaboutwhetherIcanpasstheexam.(2)whether可以和ornot连用,但if不可以。如:Doyouknowwhetheritwillrainornot?(3)在不定式前只能用whether。如:Ican’tdecidewhethertostay.(二)时态和语序1.时态(1)主句用一般现在时,从句可用各种时态。如:Canyoutelluswhohasgone?(2)主句用过去时,从句用过去的某个时态。如:HeaskedifIhadfinishedmywork.(3)主句用过去时,而从句陈述的是真理时,只用一般现在时。如:Everyoneknewthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.2.语序宾语从句用陈述句语序,即先主语后谓语,从句中不含有助动词do/does/did。(三)否定转移当主句的谓语动词是think,believe等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且是一般现在时时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反意疑问句的助动词或be动词一般与宾语从句一致。如:(1)Idon’tthinkhewillcometomyparty.(正)Ithinkhewon’tcometomyparty.(误)(2)Idon’tbelievethatmaniskilledbyJim,ishe?(四)特殊用法1.结构。主语+think/make/findthat从句=主语+think/make/find+宾语+宾补2.宾语从句和“疑问词+不定式”的转换。由特殊疑问词who,what,where,why等引导的宾语从句可转换为:疑问词+不定式(todo)例题()1.[2024广州]Theyweresosurprisedat

theysaw.

A.what B.that C.how

D.which()2.[2023广东广州]Hedecided

hewouldgetstronger.

A.what B.why C.when

D.that()3.[2022广东广州]HewantedtomakesureIknew

todosothatBobwouldn’tgethurt.

A.where B.what C.how

D.whyADB中考点对点()1.[2024河北]Toknow

themountaintoplookslike,youneedtoreachit.

A.what B.when

C.where

D.which()2.[2024江苏扬州]Teenagersdon’talwaysunderstand

theirparentshavesomanyrules.

A.why B.which

C.where

D.whatAA()3.[2024湖北武汉]Thesaying“Knowledgestartswithpractice”tellsus

.

A.whatisknowledge B.howwecangetknowledgeC.whyispracticepowerful D.whenweshouldstartpracticingB▲主从复合句考点偏好二:状语从句状语从句:在句中作状语,可位于句首、句中和句末,由从属连词引导,可分为时间、条件、原因、让步、目的、结果等。(一)表时间:时间状语从句从属连词意义例子when“当……的时候”,引导的从句一般不用进行时Whenshecamein,Iwaseating.while“当……的时候”,引导的从句中谓语动词必须是延续性动词WhileJohnwaswatchingTV,hiswifewascooking.before“在……之前”Itwillbefourdaysbeforetheycomeback.after“在……之后”Afterwehadfinishedthework,wewenthome.until“直到……为止”,常用于not…until句型Ididn’trealizehowspecialmymotherwasuntilIbecameanadult.as“当……的时候”,as引导的动作是延续性的动作Wealwayssingaswewalk.assoonas“一……就……”IwillcallyouassoonasIarriveinBeijing.(二)表条件:条件状语从句从属连词意义例子if“如果”Ifyouaskhim,hewillhelpyou.unless“除非;如果不”Let’sgooutforawalkunlessyouaretootired.so/aslongas“只要”Youmayborrowmybookaslongasyoukeepitclean.(三)表原因:原因状语从句从属连词意义例子because“因为”,表示直接原因,语气最强,后面接句子。Hedidn’tcometoschoolbecausehehadaheadache.Hedidn’tcometoschoolbecauseofaheadache.注意:because后接句子,becauseof后接名词as“由于”,语气较弱,引导的原因状语从句多放在句首Asitisraining,weshallnotgotothezoo.since“既然”,语气较弱,引导的原因状语从句多放在句首。Sinceyoucan’tanswerthequestion,I’llasksomeoneelse.(四)表让步:让步状语从句从属连词意义例子although/though“虽然;尽管”AlthoughIamtired,Imustgoonworking.Thoughheisyoung,heknowsalot.eventhough/evenif“即使”Theoldmanalwaysenjoysswimmingeventhough/iftheweatherisrough.(五)表目的:目的状语从句从属连词意义例子sothat/inorderthat“为了;以便”Youmustspeakloudersothat/inorderthatyoucanbeheardbyall.(六)表结果:结果状语从句so…that…“如此……以至于”,so与形容词或副词连用;such与可数名词或不可数名词连用Hegotupsoearlythathecaughtthefirstbus.such…that…It’ssuchagoodchancethatweshouldnotmissit.例题()1.[2024广州]Theywalkedalongthebeach

theycametoasmallhousewithasignsayingPenguinCareCentre.

A.if B.when

C.unless

D.until()2.[2023安徽]Ourcountrywillbemuchbetterforeveryoneinfuture

wealldosomethingtohelpnow.

A.if B.before

C.sothat D.eventhoughDA中考点对点()1.[2024四川遂宁]Everythingispossible

youworkhard.

A.asmuchas B.assoonas C.aslongas D.asfaras()2.[2024福建]Youcanfeelbetter

youtakeawalkintheparkjustfor20minutes.

A.if B.before

C.untilCA()3.[2024河北]Jeffstillworkshard

hehasachievedgreatsuccess.

A.if B.before

C.though

D.becauseC▲主从复合句考点偏好三:关系从句(定语从句)关系从句(定语从句):在句中作定语,可位于句末,用来修饰名词、名词性词组或代词的句子。被定语从句修饰的名词、名词性词组或代词为先行词,在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词为关系词。(一)关系代词关系代词先行词从句成分例子备注who人主语或宾语①TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.②TheoldmanwhohehelpedyesterdayisMrGreen.whom,which和that在从句中作宾语时常可省略,但介词提前时,后面关系代词不能省略,也不可以用thatwhom人宾语①MrLiuistheperson(whom)youtalkedaboutonthebus.②LiMingisjusttheboy(whom)Iwanttosee.that人或物主语或宾语①Sheisthegirl(that)Imetjustnow.②Thisisthemedicinethat/whichisusedforheadache.which物主语或宾语①Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.②Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.whose人或物定语①Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.②Ioncelivedinahousewhoseroofhadfallendown.(二)that与whom,which、who的用法关系代词从句成分例子只用that的情况①在therebe句型中Istherethebookthatyouborrowedfromthelibrary?②先行词为不定代词anything,nothing,everything,theone,all,much等时Finally,thethiefhandedineverythingthathehadstolentothepolice.③先行词有theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast等修饰时ItisthelastbusthatleavesforChangsha.④先行词有序数词、数词或形容词最高级修饰时ChinaisthesecondcountrythatIwanttovisit.⑤先行词既有人,又有物时Themanandthedogthatarewalkingintheparkcomefromanothercity.关系代词从句成分例子只用which/who/whom的情况①在非限制性定语从句中,只能用which指物,who/whom指人Thetree,whichisfourhundredyearsold,isveryfamoushere.②在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中,只能用which指物,whom指人Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.(三)关系副词关系副词从句成分例子when指时间,在从句中作时间状语IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametotheschool.where指地点,在从句中作地点状语GuangzhouisthecitywhereIwasborn.why指原因,在从句中作原因状语Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyoumissedtheplane.例题()1.[2024四川泸州]Atruefriendisaperson

willalwaysbetheretoshareyourlaughterandtears.

A.what B.which

C.who

D.whom()2.[2023四川成都]Heshowedmethephotos

hetookathisgraduationceremony.

A.that B.who

C.whatCA中考点对点()1.[2024四川遂宁]—Whatkindofmoviesdoyoulikebest?—Ilikethemovies

makemefeelhappyandrelaxed.

A.what B.which C.who

D./()2.[2022湖北十堰]Studentslovetheteachers

areoutgoingandhumorous.

A.who B.whom C.which

D.whoseBA()3.[2022湖北恩施州]Chinaisthefirstnation

sentChang’eIVtothefarsideofthemoon.

A.which B.that

C.whoB模拟演练一选择填空。()1.[2024四川成都]—Doyouknow

AIisbeingusedtocreatemusic?

—I’mnotsure.Maybeit’scheaperthanpayingamusician.A.why B.if

C.howA()2.[2024安徽]—Thereisstillalongwaytogo

wefinishthetask.

—Don’tworry.Let’sgoonwithittogether.A.aslongas B.assoonas C.before

D.because()3.[2024甘肃临夏州]Tomdidn’tgotobed

hismothercamebacklastnight.

A.until B.if

C.because

D.unlessCA()4.[2024四川乐山]—I’llneverforgettheexperiences

wehadinthevolunteerworklastsummer.

—Metoo.The3daysweremeaningfulandfulloffun.A.when B.who

C.that()5.[2024江苏扬州]

youaretootiredtodoallthethingsonyourTo⁃Dolist,tryaTo⁃Don’tlist.

A.If B.Until

C.Although

D.UnlessCA()6.[2024福建]—Doyouknow

?

—YeGuangfu,LiCongandLiGuangsu,allborninthe1980s.A.howtheShenzhouXVIIIenteredspaceB.whentheShenzhouXVIIIenteredspaceC.whoenteredspaceintheShenzhouXVⅢC()7.[2024广西]—Couldyoupleasetellme

?

—Inmyhometown.A.howyouusuallygotoschoolB.whereyouusuallyspendyourholidayC.whenyouusuallyhavebreakfastatschoolB()8.[2024黑龙江齐齐哈尔]—Iwonder

?

—I’mnotsure.Let’saskMissLiforhelp.A.whichsubjectshouldwechooseB.whatwecandowiththerestmaterialsC.thatBobwenttothelibraryjustnowB()9.[2024黑龙江绥化]—Therewillbearobotonshowinourschoolnextweek.—Really?Iwonder

.

A.whatitlikes B.whatitislike C.whatisitlikeB()10.[2024天津]—Couldyoutellme

?

—HelikestheScienceMuseumbest.A.whenKevinvisitedthemuseum B.whichmuseumKevinlikesbestC.whendidKevinvisitthemuseum D.whichmuseumdoesKevinlikebestB二语篇填词。[2023广东广州越秀一模]Oneday,astork(鹳)sawabeautifulring.Itbelongedtoarabbit.Therabbitwentinsidehishole,leavingtheringoutside.Thestorkdecidedtotryiton1.w

asking.However,whenshetriedtotaketheringoff,she2.f

.Sincenobodysawher,thestorkflewaway,thinkingshewouldfindawaytoreturnthering.

ithoutailedTherabbitwasveryangrytofindthattheringhadbeenstolen.Soon,everyoneintheforeststartedlookingforthethief.Thestorkwassoafraidthatshehidtheringwithbandage(绷带)onherclawsandpretendedthatshehadanaccident.Therabbit3.w

aboutthestorkandsuggestedtakinghertothehospital.ThestorkknewthatiftheydidanX⁃ray,theywouldfindthering.Soshewentbackhomeandtookoffthebandagesandcoveredherclawsinleadplates(铅板)sothattheringwouldn’tshowupontheX⁃ray.

orriedFeeling4.r

,thestorkflewofftomeetupwiththerabbit.Butbecauseoftheadded5.w

shewasunabletofly.Shefelllikeaheavystone—andlandedonthepoorrabbit.Soon,theotheranimalsfoundthebandages,theleadandthering.Inonesinglemorning,thestorklostallherfriends.

elaxedeight三完成句子。1.导游告诉我明天早上什么时候集合。Theguidetoldme

tomorrowmorning.

2.那天,直到所有人都上了车,它才开动。Thebus

everyone

onthatday.

3.一开始,TomSawyer在想他怎样才能吸引孩子们的注意。TomSawyerwaswondering

thekids’attentionatfirst.

when

to

meetdidn’t

start

untilgot

how

to

get4.我们问校长是否可以举办一场垃圾分类的活动。Weaskedtheheadmaster_______________________________________

anactivityaboutrubbishsorting.

5.机器人教我们怎样操纵智能家电,如扫地机、洗衣机等。Therobottaughtus

theintelligenthouseholdappliances,suchassweepers,washingmachinesandsoon.

if/whether

we

could

hold

how

to

control

四语法选择。SieneisafirefighterintheUSA.Itisn’teasy

1

afirefighterthere.Manypeopletry,

2

alotofthemfail.Also,inthepastfirefightingwasalways

3

jobformen.Nowtherearewomenfirefighters.

4

Sienewasfiveyearsold,itwasherdreamtobecomeafirefighter.Fortyyearslater,shewas

5

womantopassasix⁃weekcourseattheWFPA(女子消防预备学院).TheWFPAtrainswomenintheskills

6

theyneedtobefirefighters.Infact,Sienenowtrainsfirefightersthere

7

.

Startingthecoursedoesn’tmean

8

you’llbecomeafirefighter.Thecourseisverydifficult,sonoteveryonefinishesthetraining.They

9

likebeinginthearmy—Canyouholdaheavypieceofwood

10

fourminutes?Howmanyexercisescanyoudo?Canyoulifta12⁃metreladder(梯子)?

Youalsoneed

11

skills.Canyou