2025版中考英语复习课件 专题11 复合句

试题精练考点精讲专题十一复合句第2部分语法突破三、句法考点精讲考点

并列复合句1.并列复合句的构成并列复合句的基本结构是：简单句＋并列连词＋简单句。如：Ihelphim

and

healsohelpsme.我帮助他，他也帮助我。2.并列连词前后简单句之间的关系(1)并列关系如：Therehadbeenanaccidentandthereweremanypoliceofficersaround.(路中间)发生了一起事故，周围有很多警察。(RJ九全U12)NotonlycanshespeakEnglishbutalsoshecanspeakFrench.她不仅会说英语，还会说法语。(2)选择关系如：Shortsaregood,oryoucanwearlighttrousers.短裤很好，或者你可以穿浅色的裤子。Eitherweleaveherenoworwestayhereforever.我们要么现在离开这儿，要么永远待在这儿。(3)转折关系如：Westayedthereforonlythreedays,butIhadagoodtime.我们在那儿只待了三天，但我玩得很愉快。(课标七下U8)Jimhasdonealotofgoodthings,yetfewpeopleknow.吉姆做了很多好事，但几乎没有人知道。(4)因果关系如：Hehasmanygoodfriends,forheisanhonestman.他有许多好朋友，因为他是个诚实的人。IhaveanexamonMondaysoImustprepareforit.我星期一有场考试，所以我必须备考。(RJ八上U9)(

)1．I’dliketogoboatingwithmyfriends,______Ihavetofinishmyscienceprojectfirst.A．and B．butC．or D．for(

)2．We’regoingtothesquarebybus.Youcancomewithus______youcanmeetustherelater.A．and B．yetC．or D．forB

C

(

)3．(2024天津改编)Inautumn,theweathergetscooler______thegreenleavesstarttoturngold.A．because B．butC．or D．and(

)4．(2024宿迁改编)MrHonghashelpedmeimprovemyhandwritingalot,______Iwanttothankhimwithmyfantasticwork.A．as B．butC．so D．orD

C

考点

主从复合句1.宾语从句(1)引导词类别引导词用法举例that引导的宾语从句thatthat在宾语从句中只起连接作用，不充当句子成分，也没有词义，常常可省略。ButIbelievethatAprilisthehottestmonthoftheyearthere.但我相信四月是那里一年中最热的月份。(RJ九全U2)类别引导词用法举例whether/if引导的宾语从句whether,if(1)whether/if意为“是否”，不充当句子成分，但不可省略。(2)whether/if引导宾语从句时，一般情况下可互换，但与ornot连用时只能用whether。Idon’tknowifyoucanstudywithme.＝Idon’tknow__________youcanstudywithmeornot.我不知道你是否能和我一起学习。whether

类别引导词用法举例疑问词引导的宾语从句疑问代词：who,what(2023.56,2021.65),which疑问代词在宾语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等，不可省略。Doyouknowwhattheyweretalkingaboutjustnow?你知道他们刚才在谈论什么吗？疑问副词：when,why,how,where疑问副词在宾语从句中充当状语，不可省略。Didyouasktheteacherwhenwewouldhaveatest?你问老师我们将于什么时候考试了吗？(2)语序与时态语序：宾语从句用陈述语序，即“引导词＋主语＋谓语

(＋其他)”。如：Ijustwonderif

they

havearrivedsafely.

↓

↓

↓

引导词

主语谓语我就想知道他们是否安全抵达了。(RJ八下U9)注意

引导词在从句中作主语时，从句语序不变。如：Doyouknowwhatishappeningoverthere?你知道那边正发生什么事吗？时态：a．若主句是一般现在时，从句可根据句意需要使用相应的时态。如：IwanttoknowwhowillteachusEnglishnextterm.我想知道下学期谁教我们英语。b．若主句是一般过去时，从句一般根据句意使用相应的过去时态。如：SheaskedmeifIknewwhosepenitwas.她问我是否知道这支钢笔是谁的。c.当从句表示客观事实或普遍真理时，从句的时态不受主句影响，使用一般现在时。如：Myteachertoldmethatlighttravelsfasterthansound.我的老师告诉我光比声音传播得快。(3)宾语从句的简化①可简化为“疑问词＋不定式”结构。如：Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellmehowIcangettothebookstore？＝Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellmehowtogettothebookstore?打扰一下，请问你能告诉我怎样去书店吗？

(RJ九全U3)②可简化为“动词＋宾语＋宾补”结构。如：Ithinkthatthisbookisinteresting.＝Ithinkthisbookinteresting.我认为这本书很有趣。注意

宾语从句的否定转移：当主句的主语是第一人称，且谓语动词是think,believe,suppose等时，如果宾语从句为否定意义，则否定词要放在主句的谓语动词之前。如：Idon’tthinktheyhavefinishedtheirworkyet.我认为他们还未完成他们的工作。5．从方框中选择适当的词填空。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。

(1)Youdonotwinrespectbyshowing_______youare,but________youareabletodo.(2)(2024扬州改编)Teenagersdon’talwaysunderstand_______theirparentshavesomanyrules.who

if

who

why

whatwhat

why

(3)(2024宿迁改编)—MissLi,Ihaven’tdecided______IwillgototheSuqianMuseum.—Ireallyhopeyoucanvisitit.It’sagoodchancetolearnaboutthehistoryaboutourcity.if

6．Dianawasnotsure___________shecanjointheirschool’sSpaceClubornot.7．Lisaandherfriendspentmuchtimediscussingwhere______haveawonderfulholidaytrip.8．

“Whenwillyoucomebackhome?”Jerryaskedhismother.(改为when引导的宾语从句)________________________________________________whether

to

Jerryaskedhismotherwhenshewouldcomebackhome.

2.状语从句(1)状语从句的分类在复合句中，用作状语的从句叫作状语从句。状语从句根据它表达的意思可分为时间、条件、让步、原因、目的和结果等状语从句。类别引导连词及用法举例时间状语从句before(在……之前),after(在……之后),when(当……的时候)(2024.54,2023.48,2021.50),while(当……的时候),not…until(直到……才),since(自从……),once(一旦……),as(当……时),assoonas(一……就……)①Theydidn’tstop__________theyfinishedthework.直到完成工作他们才停下来。②Atlunchtime,manypeoplegothereforarestaftertheygetoffwork.在午餐时间，很多人下班后去那里休息。until

类别引导连词及用法举例条件状语从句if(如果)(2022.62,2020.64),unless(除非；如果不),aslongas(只要),incase(如果)He(TheMonkeyKing)cannotturnhimselfintoaman__________hecanhidehistail.如果他(美猴王)不能把尾巴藏起来，他就不能把自己变成人。

(RJ八下U6)unless

类别引导连词及用法举例让步状语从句although(虽然，尽管),though(虽然，尽管),evenif/though(即使),whatever(无论如何),wherever(无论在哪里),whoever(无论是谁)Tomygreatjoy,myfamilyarebehindmewhateverIdecidetodo.令我非常高兴的是，无论我决定做什么，我的家人都支持我。类别引导连词及用法举例原因状语从句because(因为),since(既然),as(由于，因为)①Thecustomergotimpatientashewaitedinlineforalongtime.那位顾客变得不耐烦了，因为他排了很长时间的队。②Wecouldn’tunderstandthembecausetheyweretalkinginFrench.我们听不懂他们的话，因为他们在用法语交流。类别引导连词及用法举例目的状语从句inorderthat(为了),sothat(以便，为了)注意

sothat不能放在句首，inorderthat可置于句首。Theyspeededupsothat/inorderthattheycouldgetthereontime.他们加快了速度，以便能准时到达那里。类别引导连词及用法举例结果状语从句so…that…(如此……以至于……),such…that…

(如此……以至于……)注意

so修饰形容词或副词，such修饰名词。①IhadhitmyheadsohardthatIbegantoseethestars.我的头撞得如此厉害，以至于我开始眼冒金星。②Sheissuchanicegirlthateveryonelikesher.她是一个如此好的女孩，以至于每个人都喜欢她。(2)时态类别时态用法举例时间状语从句条件状语从句让步状语从句主现从现主句是祈使句或主句中有情态动词时，从句用一般现在时表示将来。①Becarefulwhenyoucrosstheroad.过马路时你要小心。②Weshouldrespectthemevenifwedisagreewiththem.即使我们不同意他们的观点，也应该尊重他们。类别时态用法举例时间状语从句条件状语从句让步状语从句主将从现主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来。IwillvisitmygoodfriendwhenIamfree.我有空时，将去看望我的好友。过去时态若主从句都是叙述过去的事情，则主从句可以用一般过去时或过去进行时。Mybrotherwassleepingintheofficewhenthetelephonerang.我哥哥正在办公室里睡觉，这时电话响了。(

)9．Ileftamessagetomyneighbor______hecouldcallmeback.A．aslongas B．evenifC．assoonas D．sothat(

)10．Peopleshouldbehaverespectfullytowardothers______theywouldliketobetreated.A．until B．onceC．when D．asD

D

(

)11．______astronautsgoonspacewalks,theywearspacesuitstokeepthemselvessafe.A．When B．ThoughC．Unless D．Until(

)12．(2024河北)Jeffstillworkshard______hehasachievedgreatsuccess.A．if B．beforeC．though D．becauseA

C

(

)13．(2024泸州)Youwillnevertrulyunderstandyourparents’greatlove______yougrowup.A．until B．ifC．since D．asA

14．TheMonkeyKingisthemaincharacterfromthefamousChinesestoryJourney

to

the

West.Heiswonderful___________hehelpsweakpeople.TheMonkeyKinghasamagicstick.Heusesittofightagainstbadpeople.Hecanmakethestickbig______small.Hecansometimesmakethestick______small________hecanputitinhisear．____________heseesbadpeople,hethinksofwaystofightthem.Hecanturnhimselfintodifferentanimalsandobjects.But__________hecanhidehistail,hecannotmakehimselfahuman.ChildrenallovertheworldlovetheMonkeyKing!(RJ八下U6)assoonas

because

or

unless

so…thatbecause

or

so

that

Assoonas

unless

3.定语从句在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。定语从句通常置于它修饰的名词或代词之后，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫引导词(也叫关系词)。关系代词先行词在从句中充当的成分举例that人或物作主语或宾语Chinaisagreatcountrythathasabout5,000yearsofhistory.中国是一个有着约五千年历史的伟大国家。(先行词为物，that作主语)(课标九下U5)关系代词先行词在从句中充当的成分举例which物作主语或宾语MybrotherlikesthebookswhichwerewrittenbyMarkTwain.我弟弟喜欢马克·吐温写的书。(先行词为物，which作主语)who人作主语或宾语Carmenlikesmusicianswhoplaydifferentkindsofmusic.卡门喜欢可以演奏不同乐曲的音乐家。(先行词为人，who作主语)(RJ九全U9)注意

关系代词在定语从句中作主语时不能省略，且定语从句中的谓语动词须与先行词在人称和数方面保持一致；关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时常常可以省略。如：I’mlookingforthedictionary(that/which)youlentmelastweek.我正在找你上周借给我的那本词典。15．用适当的关系词填空。(1)(2024泸州改编)Atruefriendisaperson____________willalwaysbetheretoshareyourlaughterandtears.(2)(2024乐山改编)I’llneverforgettheexperiences______________wehadinthevolunteerworklastsummer.16．Annaprefersthebookswhich________(give)heralottothink.who/that

which/that

give

1.复合句在完形填空中的考查河南中考完形填空题型主要考查并列复合句的并列连词和状语从句的引导连词。近几年常考的连词有：常考连词并列连词but(但是),so(因此，所以),or(或者)引导连词when(当……的时候),before(在……之前),after(在……之后),until(直到),since(自从；既然),unless(除非；如果不),if(如果),as(当……时；由于，因为；正如),though/although(虽然，尽管)例1

(2024.54)Ireallygetmad

54

youtakethingswithoutasking,butbreakingyourtoywasn’tright.(

)54．A．unless B．beforeC．when D．though【解析】考查状语从句引导连词。根据句意“当你未经允许就拿走我的东西时，我真的很生气”可知，此处应选引导时间状语从句的从属连词when，意为“当……的时候”，故选C。2.复合句在语篇填空中的考查河南中考语篇填空题型主要考查并列复合句的并列连词和状语从句、宾语从句和定语从句的引导词。近几年常考的并列连词和引导词有：常考并列连词和引导词并列连词and(而且),but(但是),so(因此，所以),or(或者)引导词状语从句引导词：if(如果),when(当……的时候),because(因为),though(虽然，尽管)宾语从句引导词：what(什么)定语从句引导词：that,which,who例2

(2024.63)Baoexplained,“Theboywastheonlyonewhosoldoilyproductsinthemarket

63

theman’scoinwastheonlyonethatcreatedanoilbloominthebasin.”【解析】考查并列复合句连词。根据句意“这个男孩是唯一一个在市场上卖油炸产品的人，而只有这个男人的钱币上有油”可知，前后句构成并列关系，故填and。sell

he

and

rock

popular

movie

need

catch

great

about例3

(2024.69)Itisaninterestingstory

69

teachesustoworktogetherandshare.【解析】考查定语从句引导词。从句的先行词story为物，且所填词在从句中充当主语，故填which/that。试题精练从方框中选择适当的词填空。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。

1．Weshouldtakeactiontosaveeverydropofwater__________itistoolate.2．(2024广州改编)TheirPEteacherencouragedthemandtaughtthem_______toimprovetheirskillsofrunningtogether.before

if

for

before

how

whichhow

3．(2024长春改编)Asasciencelover,IhopeIcaninventabike_________canflyinthesky.4．(2024常州改编)Practiceisveryimportant.Youwillforgetthenewwords______youseldomusethem.5．(2024吉林改编)Bobwatchesthenewseverynight_______hewonderswhat’sgoingonaroundtheworld.which

if

for

语篇填空第一节阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。

Clapper(响板)talk,orChinesekuaiban,isatraditionalartform.Performersusuallytalkandsingwithtwobambooclappers.lively

what

deep

practice

work

hand

about

perform

since

itIamabigclappertalkfan.I’vebeenlearningit1．_________Iwassixyearsold.ThefirsttimeIwatchedaclappertalkperformance,Iwasshockedbythefreestyleand2．__________language.SoIdecidedtolearnit.However,learningclappertalkisnoteasy.Itrequiresgoodrhythm(节奏)controlaswellasgoodcoordination(协调)ofboth3．_________.Eachoftheseskillsshouldbe4．_____________overandoveragain.Aftertrainingforawholemorning,Ifelttiredandmythroatwasdry.SometimesIthought5．_________givingup,butIkepttellingmyselfthatyoucanneverknowwhat’spossibleunlessyoutrytomakeithappen.Finally,Imadeit.since

lively

hands

practiced

about

Afteryearsofhard6．________,Ihavemasteredtheseskillssofar.Also,Istarttounderstand7．_______culturalvalue—thebeautyofChineselanguage.Andmyloveforclappertalkis