高考英语一轮复习知识清单：虚拟语气三大类13条用法（含答案及解析）

【口或书】专题19虚拟语气三大类13条用法（清单）原卷版

目录

虚拟语气用法思维导图PI

p2

考点清单一、if虚拟条件句六大典型用法i

考点清单二、从句谓语用“（should）+动词原形”三正羹型场合~p3

p4

考点清单三、特殊句型中虚拟语气四大用法

分类训练（一）单句填空（高考真题）

分类训练（二）单句填空（模拟试题）

分类训练（三）单句改错（模拟试题）

分类训练（四）单项选择40题（模拟试题）

分类训练（五）写作升级（书面表达）

分类训练（六）语法填空（外刊原创）

第12次北极科学考察扬帆起航

had+expected/hoped/supposedetc.------80.BBBHaaiinaaWaff---------------------IhadexpectedIwtxildpassthedrivingtest

考点清单一、if虚拟条件句六大典型用法

场合从句谓语动词形式主句谓语形式

与现在事实相反动词过去式（be用were）would/could/should/might+动词原形

与过去事实相反had+动词过去分词would/could/should/mighthavedone

1.动词过去式（be用were）

与将来事实相反2.wereto+动词原形would/could/should/might+动词原形

3.should+动词原形

要点精讲1:与现在W奉实相反，从句用一般过去时（be动词用were）,主句用would/could+doo

例1：IfIhadtime,Iwouldgoforawalk.（事实上我现在没有时间，不能去散步.）

例2：IfIwereinvited,Iwouldgotothedinner.（事实上没有人邀请我，我也不能去参加宴会.）

例3：IfIhadamilliondollars,Iwouldputitinthebank.（事实上我没有一百万美圆，也不可能存在银行）

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1.Sorry,Umtoobusynow.IfI（have）time,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.

2.Wereitnotforthesnowyweather,we（be）allright.

要点精讲2:与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时，主句用would/could/mighthavedone。

例1：IfIhadtakenyouradvice,Iwouldn,thavemadeamistake.

例2：Ifhehadbeenthere,itwouldn'thavehappened.

例3：Ifshehadseenyouyesterday,shewouldhaveaskedyouaboutit.

要是她昨天看到你，她就要向你问起这件事。

快！14：Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice,youwouldn'thavefailedintheexam.

如果你按照我的建议去做，你一定不会（不可能）考试不及格。

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

3.Ifthecaptainhadbeenmorecareful,hisship（sink）.

4.IftheWatergateIncident（occur）Nixonwouldnothaveresignedfromthepresidency.

要点精讲3:与将来事实相反,从句谓语三选一,：①一般过去时②weretodo③shoulddo,主句用woulddoo

例1：Ifitrained/weretoYain/shouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.

例2：IfitwereSundaytomorrow,Ishould/wouldgotoseemygrandmother.

如果明天是星期天，我就（可能）去看望我奶奶。

例3：Ifitweretosnowthisevening,theywouldnotgoout.

如果今晚下雪，他们将不出去了。

例4：Ifyousucceeded,everythingwouldbeallright.

例5：Ifyouweretosucceed,everythingwouldbeallright.

【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

5.Thisprinterisofgoodquality.Ifitbreakdownwithinthefirstyear,wewouldrepairitatourexpense.

6.Gracedoesn,twanttomovetoNewYorkbecauseshethinksifshe（live）there,shewouldn'tbe

abletoseeherparentsveryoften.

要点精讲4:错综条件句，即主句和从句与不同时间相反，则根据主从句位置和事实区别对待对号入座。

例1：IfIwereyou,Iwouldn'thavemissedtheconcertlastnight.

如果我是你，我就不会错过昨天晚上那场音乐会。（从句说明现在的情况，主句说明过去的情况）

例2：Ifyouhadtoldmethenewsyesterday,Iwouldn'tbesoworriednow.

如果你昨天告诉我这个消息，我现在就不会这么担心了。（从句说明过去的情况，主句说明现在的情况）

例3：Ifyouhesitatedthismoment,youmightsufferinfuture.

如果你现在犹豫不决，将来你会吃苦头的。（从句说明现在的情况，主句说明将来的情况）

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

7.Ifit（be）forhisinvitationtheotherday,Ishouldnotbeherenow.

8.IfhehadspentmoretimepractisingspeakingEnglishbefore,he(be)abletospeakitmuchbetter

now.

要点精讲5:if条件句若省略if,则把were/should/had提前到句首构成部分倒装句。

例1：HadIworkedhard,Iwouldhavesurelysucceeded.如果我当时努力学习的话,我一定会成功的。

例2：Wereshemydaughter,Iwouldn'tallowhertostudyabroad.如果她是我的女儿,我就不让她出国学习了。

例3：Wereitnotforyourhelp,Iwouldneverbeagoodmanager.

要不是你的帮助，我永远也成不了一个好经理。

【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

9.WhatwouldhavehappenedBobwalkedfarther,asfarastheriverbank?

10.hetoleavetoday,hewouldgettherebyFriday.

要点精讲6:含蓄条件句，即句子含有without,butfor,otherwise等词，后面按主句对待。

例1：Butforyouradvice,Iwouldhavefailed.

(=Ifyouhadn'tgivenmeadvice,Iwouldhavefailed.)如果不是你的建议,我会失败的。

例2：Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldn*thavesucceededanyway.

(二Ifyouhadn'thelpedme,Iwouldn'thavesucceededanyway.)没有你的帮助，我无论如何也不会成功。

例3：I'mreallybusy,otherwiseIwouldcertainlygowithyou.

我确实太忙了，不然的话，我一定和你一起去。

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

11.We(put)John'snameontheracelistyesterdaybutforhisrecentinjury.

12.Withouthiswartimeexperiences,Hemingway(write)hisfamousnovelAFarewellto

Arms.

考点清单二、从句谓语用“(should)+动词原形”三大典型场合

要点精讲1:一二三四类动词(一坚持insist二命令order,command三建议advise,suggest,recommend四

要求demand,desire,require,request)接从句谓语用should+动词原形，且should可以省略。但应注意insist

表示“坚持说"，suggest表示“暗示，表明”时，后接宾语从句应用陈述语气。

例1：Itissuggestedthatthemeetingshouldbeputofftillnextweek.

仞！I2：Thedoctororderedthatthepatient(should)besenttohospitalwithoutdelay.

例3：Thesmileonhisfacesuggestedthathewassatisfiedwithourwork.

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

13.Eyedoctorsrecommendachild'sfirsteyeexam(be)attheageofsixmonthsold.

14.Jane'spalefacesuggestedthatshe(be)ill,andherparentssuggestedthatshe(have)a

medicalexamination.

15.Theyoungmaninsistedthathe(do)nothingwrongandthathe(set)free.

要点精讲2:一二三四类动词派生来的名词(order,command,advice,suggestion,requirement等)后接从句，

该从句谓语动词用should+动词原形，且should可以省略。

例1：Weagreedtotheorderthatthetask(should)becompletedat5o'clock.

例2：Ouronlyrequestisthatthis(should)besettledassoonaspossible.

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

16.Theteacheragreedtothesuggestionthatthestudents(give)twoweekstopreparefortheexam.

17.Youradvicethat(stay)theretillnextweekisreasonable.

要点:3.Itisnecessary/strange/impossible・.that..从句谓语用should+动词原形，且should可以省略。若从

句涉及已经发生的动作，则应用shouldhavedoneo

例1：Itisstrangethatheshouldhaveactedtowardhisparentslikethat.

例2：It'svitalthatwe(should)takeoursafetydrivingalongtheroadseriously.

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

18.Itisadvisablethatyou(take)yourworkseriously,oritwon'tbelongbeforeyou'relaidoff.

19.Itisappropriatethatsometime(devote)tothoroughstudyoftheresultsoftheApollomission.

考点清单三、特殊句型中虚拟语气四大用法

要点精讲1:Iwishthat…从句与过去、现在、将来事实相反，分另U用haddone,did,would/coulddo。

Iwish从句结构示例

与现在事实相反一般过去式Iwishitwereautumnnow.

与过去事实相反过去完成式Hewishedhehadnotlostthechance.

与将来事实相反would+动词原形Iwishyouwouldcomesoon.

例1：IwishthatIweretenyearsyounger.

快!J2：IwishthatIhadmetthatfilmstaryesterday.

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

20.一Wherearethechildren?Thedinner'sgoingtobecompletelyruined.

-Iwishthey(notbe)alwayslate.

21.HowIwisheveryfamily(have)alargehousewithabeautifulgarden!

要点精讲2:ifonly表示“如果...该多好”，asif/though表示"好像”，从句虚拟用法同上。

例1：Helooksasifhewereanartist.

例2：Shelooksasifnothinghadhappenedtoher.

例3：IfonlyIhadseenthefilmwithJanelastnight.

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

22.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlookasifit(break).

23.Don'thandlethevaseasifit(make)ofsteel.

24.LookatthetroubleIamin!IfonlyI(follow)youradvice.

要点精讲3:Iwouldratherthat…从句与过去事实相反用过去完成时，与现在、将来相反用一般过去时。

例1：I'dratherthathehadgonetotheseasidewithmethedaybeforeyesterday.

例2：Whenmyfatherisupset,hewouldrat/ierthatwelefthimalone.

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

25.Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butI'dratherhe(focus)moreonits

culture.

26.-Didyougotothepartylastnight?

-Yes,butFdratherI(go)there.Itwassoboring.

要点精讲4:Itishigh/abouttimethat..后面常用did或shoulddo,should不能省，意为“早该...

例1：Itishightimethatyouwenttoschool.

例2：Itisabouttimethatweshouldsetoutatonce.

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

27.Jackisagreattalker.It5shightimethathe(do)somethinginsteadofjusttalking.

28.It'shightimethatwe(commit)stothetaskofprotectingourenvironment.

分类训练(一)高考真题

在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

1.(2020江苏)IfIhadn'tbeenfacedwithsomanybarriers,I(notbe)whereIam.

2.(2019天津)Theworkerswerenotbetterorganized,otherwisethey(accomplish)thetaskinhalf

thetime.

3.(2019江苏)Whatapity!Youmissedthesightseeing,orwe(have)agoodtimetogether.

4.(2018天津)Ifwe(catch)theflightyesterday,wewouldbeenjoyingourholidayonthebeach.

5.(2018江苏)Ifsstrangethathehavetakenthebookswithouttheowner9spermission.

6.(2018江苏)Thereisagoodsociallifeinthevillage,andIwishI(have)asecondchancetobecome

moreinvolved.

7.(2018月匕京)Theymighthavefoundabetterhotelifthey(drive)afewmorekilometers.

8.(2017北京)Ifthenewsafetysystem(put)touse,theaccidentwouldneverhavehappened.

9.(2017天津)——DoyouhaveBetty?sphonenumber?—Yes.Otherwise,I(be)abletoreachheryesterday.

10.(2017江苏)itnotforthesupportoftheteachers,thestudentcouldnotovercomeherdifficulty.

分类训练(二)模拟试题

在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

11.Bobwouldhavehelpedusyesterday,buthe(be)busy.

12.Welostourwayinthatsmallvillage,otherwisewe(see)moreplacesofinterestyesterday.

13.Thetimeisnotripe.I'dratheryou(not,say)anythingaboutitforthetimebeing.

14.wemadeagreateffortlastterm,wemighthavesucceeded.

15.1waswearingaseatbelt.IfIhadn'tbeenwearingone,Iwould(injure).

16.itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangpuRiver.

17.IfI(know)aboutthiscomputerprogram,ahugeamountoftimeandenergywouldhavebeensaved.

18.Ifitwerenotforthefactthatyou(be)ill,Iwouldaskyoutodothisrightnow.

19.Withoutthedoctor*stimelyoperation,thelittlegirl(lose)herlife.

20.Itishightimethatwe(place)greatemphasisontheimprovementoffoodsafety.

分类训练(三)单句改错

下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并纠正。

21.Someclassmatessuggestwecangotoplacesofinterestnearby.

22.ThemanagerproposedthatTomwasgivenanopportunitytoexplainwhyhe'drefusedtogothere.

23.IfonlyIlistenedtomyparents,Imighthavepassedthedrivingtest!

24.Theconferencewouldn'thavebesosuccessfulifwehadn'tmadeadequatepreparation.

25.IfonlytherewassomemagicbuttonIcouldpushtotakeawaythesadnessinhereyes.

26.一Larry,suchmistakescouldhaveavoidedifyouhadbeenmorecareful.

一Sorry,sir.Illdobetternexttime.

27.1can'tstandhim.Healwaystalksasthoughheknowseverything.

28.1madethesuggestionthatshestucktotheplanshehadmade.

29.Itwasorderedthatnosmokingwasnotallowedinthelibrary,whichmadethesmokersunhappy.

30.HowIwishIboughtthatskirtwhenitwasavailable!Ugh!Iregretiteverytime.

分类训练(四)单项选择

1.Ifyouhadtoldmeinadvance,Iyouupattheairport.

A.wouldpickB.shouldhavepickedC.wouldhavepickedD.willhavepicked

2.Someanimalsareindangerofdyingout,soitishightimethatthegovernmentsomemeasuresto

protectendangeredanimals.

A.takeB.tookC.hastakenD.willtake

3.Weshowedupearlyandhadtowaittwohoursbeforetheceremonybegan.We.

A.shouldn'thurryB.needn'thavehurriedC.mustn'thavehurriedD.wouldn'thurry

4.Wedidn'tknowyouwereintroubleatthattime,otherwiseweyouahand.

A.gaveB.hadgivenC.wouldgiveD.wouldhavegiven

5.HowIwishIsomeonetoturntoforadvicewhenIwaspuzzled.

A.wouldhaveB.hadC.havehadD.hadhad

6.Ifthechopsticksarepartlyplacedinthewater,itlooksasifthey.

A.breakB.havebrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken

7.Mysister\palefacesuggestedthatsheseriouslyill,andmyparentssuggestedthatshetoseethe

doctorimmediately.

A.was;goB.were;goC.be;wentD.was;went

8.1don'tthinkitisadvisablethatTomtothejobsincehehasnoexperience.

A.willbeassignedB.beassignedC.shouldassignD.canbeassigned

9.MyprofessorrecommendedthatIclassicaltechniquefirsttoestablishsolidtechnicalskills.

A.shouldhavelearnedB.wouldlearnC.learnedD.learn

10.Ifyouafewminutesearlier,youwouldhavemetthefamousscientist.

A.hadcomeB.havecomeC.weretocomeD.shouldcome

11.hisphonenumberyesterday,Iwouldhavecalledherup.

A.ShouldheknowB.WereItoknowC.HadIknownD.HaveIknown

12.Hewouldhavewrittenthemanageralettertoexpresshisthanksthismorning,buthe.

A.wasbusyB.isbusyC.hadbeenbusyD.willbebusy

13.Susanisgoingtodeliveraspeechaboutthecultureofhiscountry,butI'drathershemoreonits

education.

A.focusB.focusedC.wouldfocusD.hadfocused

14.Butforyourgeneroushelp,wethetaskaheadoftime.

A.wouldnotfulfillB.wouldnothavefulfilled

C.wouldfulfillD.wouldhavefulfilled

15.Thespokesmandidnotregretwhathehadsaidattheconferencebutfeltthatheitindirectly.

A.couldexpressB.wouldexpressC.couldhaveexpressedD.musthaveexpressed

16.Thisdigitalcameraisoffinequality.Ifitbreakdownwithinthefirstyear,wewouldrepairitatour

expense.

A.wouldB.shouldC.couldD.might

17.itrainthisafternoon,thefootballmatchwouldbeputofftillnextFriday.

A.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.Will

18.Theprofessorinsistedthathissolutionmorepracticalandthatweitintopracticeassoonas

possible.

A.was;putB.was;mustputC.shouldbe;putD.shouldbe;put

19.Iftheambulancehadcomeheresoonerlastnight,thepatientnow.

A.willbealiveB.willhavebeenaliveC.wouldhavebeenaliveD.wouldbealive

20.---Lilylookshotanddrytoday.

--Soyouifyouhadsohighafever.

A.doB.areC.willD.would

21.—I'vetoldJennythetruthaboutthenewhouse.

--ButFdratheryou.

A.didn'tB.hadn'tC.don'tD.wouldn't

22.Itwasdemandedthattheworkingconditionsinthatareaassoonaspossible.

A.mustimproveB.improveC.wasimprovedD.beimproved

23.LookatthesituationI'min.IfonlyIyouradviceearlier!

A.tookB.wouldtakeC.hadtakenD.shouldtake

24.Shemighthavebeenintimefortheinterview,butsheuplate.

A.gotB.hasgotC.wastogetD.hadgot

25."Themuseumisonlyfiveminutes5walk!Weshouldhavewalkedthere.

—Yes,ataxinecessaryatall.

A.wasn'tB.isn'tC.hadn'tbeenD.won'tbe

26.thetrafficjamonthehighway,weshouldhavearrivedatthestadiumearlier.

A.InspiteofB.BecauseofC.ButforD.Dueto

27.IfonlyIanumbrellalastnight!Iwaswetthrough.

A.tookB.shouldtakeC.hadtakenD.take

28.Sorry,Iamtoobusyatthemoment.IfIfree,Iwouldcertainlygoforawalkwithyou.

A.havebeenB.hadbeenC.amD.were

29.Itisessentialthattheseapplicationformsbackasearlyaspossible.

A.aresentB.besentC.willbesentD.shouldsend

30.HowIwishItorepairthecellphone!Ionlymadeitworse.

A.hadtriedB.hadn'ttriedC.havetriedD.didn'ttry

31.Ifhe_totheteacherattentivelyyesterday,he___theanswertotheproblemnow.

A.hadlistened;wouldhaveknownB.listened;wouldknow

C.listened;wouldhaveknownD.hadlistened;wouldknow

32.MysuggestionisthatmorepeoplefromallwalksoflifetofinancetheProjectwiththeirdeeperlove

forthesechildren.

A.beencouragedB.areencouragedC.wereencouragedD.shouldencourage

33.1can'tstandtheyoungmansittinginthefront.Healwaystalksasthoughheeverything.

A.knewB.knowsC.hasknownD.hadknown

34.Thomascantakehismotorapartandputitbacktogetheragain.Icertainlywishhe_mehow.

A.teachesB.willteachC.hastaughtD.wouldteach

35.Thenewtrafficlawrequiresthateveryone_hisorhercarcheckedatleastonceayear.

A.hasB.hadCwillhaveD.have

36.Lindacouldn'thaveansweredthequestionsoeasilyifsheafewbooksonworldhistorybefore

hand.

A.hadn'treadB.hasn'treadC.wouldn'thavereadD.didn'tread

37.Tobefrank,ifitwerenotforthefactthatyouareliableperson,Iwouldnottakesuchpainstohelpyou.

A.wereB.areC.hadbeenD.havebeen

38.___whatwasgoingtohappennext,Iwouldneverhaveleftheralone.

A.HadIknownB.IfIknowC.IfIknewD.IfhadIknown

39.Itisunbelievablethatsuchanexcellentfootballteam___havefailedinthefinals.

A.wouldB.mustC.shouldD.could

40.MydemandwasthattheinformationreferredtoinmyreporttoMr.Brownwithoutdelay.

A.shouldemailB.emailedC.mustbeemailedD.bee-mailed

41.---HaveyoueverbeentotheGreatWall?

一No,butIwishI.

A.willB.haveC.didD.had

42.Theordercamethatallthesmallcoalminesdowninhalfayear.

A.wouldbeclosedB.shouldbeclosedC.mustbeclosedD.wouldclose

43.theclouds,youwouldfindtheairplaneintheskyeasily

A.HaditnotbeenforB.IfitwerenotC.IfithadnotbeenforD.Wereitnotfor

44.一Youshouldhavefedthebirdsyesterday.一Sorry,Iallaboutit.

A.wasforgottenB.haveforgottenC.forgotD.forget

45.Ifyou_thatlatemovielastnight,youwouldn'tbesosleepynow.

A.haven91watchedB.hadn'twatchedC.didn'twatchD.wouldn'thavewatched

分类训练（五）书面表达（句式升级）

1.如果我们过去做了很大努力的话，我们可能就获得成功了。

2.如果他们当时知道接下来会发生什么事情，他们有可能就会重新考虑了。

3.如果昨天晚上下了雨的话，今天就会非常凉爽了。

4.我们在那个小村庄迷了路，否则我们昨天就能参观更多的名胜古迹了。

5.要不是因为船长的努力，我们就会连船带人都沉没了。

6.要是没有英语老师的帮助，我就不会在英语演讲比赛中获得一等奖了。

7.她竟然嫁给这样一个穷光蛋，真是太奇怪了。

8.他的沉默暗示他赞同我的决定。

9.我要是去车站送过她就好了，但我当时太忙了。

10.到了他该上床睡觉的时候了。

11.我愿你下个星期天去。

12.那两个新来的人聊天的样子仿佛他们已经相识多年了。

13.看看我的麻烦！要是我接受你的建议就好了！

14.如果我多等一分钟、我就坐上汽车了。

15.“要是我当初听取了妈妈的建议该多好!”小女孩低声对自己说。

（六）语法填空（外刊原创）

第12次北极科学考察扬帆起航

IcebreakerresearchvesselsailsfromShanghaitoArcticonnewmission

|Updated:2021-07-1217:50

China's12thArcticexpeditionsetsailfromShanghaionJuly12,andisexpected](last)more

thantwomonths,accordingtotheMinistryofNaturalResources.TheministrysaidthattheXuelong2,orSnow

Dragon2,2(carry)scientistsandothercrewmembers,leftitshomeportinthecoastaleconomic

powerhouseonMondaymorning.

Themission3(task)withmonitoringoceanicandatmosphericphenomenaandobtaining

informationaboutmarinehydrology,weatherandbiologicalcycles.Itsfindingswillhelpimproveunderstanding

oftheArctic,andwillbeusedtorespondtoclimatechange4protecttheArcticecosystem.

Thisisthesecondtimethatthevessel-China'ssecondicebreakerandthefirst5(domestic)built

-hasundertakenanArcticexpedition.Xuelong2*sfirsttriptotheregionwas6mid-Julyandlate

Septemberlastyear,7ittookpartinthe11thArcticexpedition.

Chinanowhasaresearchstation8(name)Huanghe,intheArctic.ItalsocooperateswithIcelandon

operatingascienceobservatoryintheArctic.ChinahasmoreexperiencewithexploringAntarcticaandhasfour

research9(station)onthesouthernmostcontinent-Changcheng,Zhongshan,TaishanandKunlun-

and10(conduct)37expeditionstheresofar.

【口或书】专题19虚拟语气三大类13条用法（清单）解析版

目录

虚拟语气用法思维导图PI

考点清单一、if虚拟条件句六大典型用法P2

考点清单二、从句谓语用“（should）+动词原形”三大英型场合P4

考点清单三、特殊句型中虚拟语气四大用法P5

分类训练（一）单句填空（高考真题）P6

分类训练（二）单句填空（模拟试题）P6

分类训练（三）单句改错（模拟试题）P8

分类训练（四）单项选择40题（模拟试题）P8

分类训练（五）写作升级（书面表达）P11

分类训练（六）语法填空（外刊原创）P12

第12次北极科学考察扬帆起航P12

had+expected/hoped/supposedetc-------耐买碘iasagaift-------IhadexpectedIwouldpassthedriving

考点清单一、if虚拟条件句六大典型用法

场合从句谓语动词形式主句谓语形式

与现在事实相反动词过去式（be用were）would/could/should/might+动词原形

与过去事实相反had+动词过去分词would/could/should/mighthavedone

1.动词过去式（be用were）

与将来事实相反2.wereto+动词原形would/could/should/might+动词原形

3.should+动词原形

要点精讲1:与现在W奉实相反，从句用一般过去时（be动词用were）,主句用would/could+doo

例1：IfIhadtime,Iwouldgoforawalk.(事实上我现在没有时间，不能去散步.)

例2：IfIwereinvited,Iwouldgotothedinner.(事实上没有人邀请我，我也不能去参加宴会.)

例3：IfIhadamilliondollars,Iwouldputitinthebank.(事实上我没有一百万美圆，也不可能存在银行)

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1.Sorry,Umtoobusynow.IfI(have)time,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.

2.Wereitnotforthesnowyweather,we________(be)allright.

【答案与解析】'一

1.hado语境暗示从句与现在事实相反，应用一般过去时。故答案是had。

2.wouldbeo语境暗示主句与现在事实相反，应用woulddo。故答案是wouldbe。

要点精讲2:与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时，主句用would/could/mighthavedone。

例1：IfIhadtakenyouradvice,Iwouldn'thavemadeamistake.

例2：Ifhehadbeenthere,itwouldn'thavehappened.

例3：Ifshehadseenyouyesterday,shewouldhaveaskedyouaboutit.

要是她昨天看到你，她就要向你问起这件事。

例4：Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice,youwouldn'thavefailedintheexam.

如果你按照我的建议去做，你一定不会(不可能)考试不及格。

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

3.Ifthecaptainhadbeenmorecareful,hisship(sink).

4.IftheWatergateIncident(occur)Nixonwouldnothaveresignedfromthepresidency.

【答案与解析】

3.wouldn9thavesunko结合语境主从句与过去事实相反，主句应用wouldhavedone,且是否定形式。故

答案是wouldnUhavesunko

4.hadn'toccurredo结合语境主从句均与过去事实相反，从句应用haddone,且是否定含义。故答案是

hadn'toccurredo

要点精讲3:与将来事实相反,从句谓语三选一,：①一般过去时②weretodo③shoulddo,主句用woulddoo

例1：Ifitrained/weretoYain/shouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.

例2：IfitwereSundaytomorrow,Ishould/wouldgotoseemygrandmother.

如果明天是星期天，我就(可能)去看望我奶奶。

例3：Ifitweretosnowthisevening,theywouldnotgoout.

如果今晚下雪，他们将不出去了。

例4：Ifyousucceeded,everythingwouldbeallright.

例5：Ifyouweretosucceed,everythingwouldbeallright.

【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

5.Thisprinterisofgoodquality.Ifitbreakdownwithinthefirstyear,wewouldrepairitatourexpense.

6.Gracedoesn,twanttomovetoNewYorkbecauseshethinksifshe(live)there,shewouldn'tbe

abletoseeherparentsveryoften.

【答案与解析】

3.shouldo结合语境从句与将来事实相反，应用“should+动词原形”。故答案是should。

4.lived/shouldlive/weretoliveo结合语境从句与将来事实相反，从句谓语三选一：①一般过去时②wereto

do③shoulddoo故答案是lived/shouldlive/weretolive。

要点精讲4:错综条件句，即主句和从句与不同时间相反，则根据主从句位置和事实区别对待对号入座。

例1：IfIwereyou,Iwouldn'thavemissedtheconcertlastnight.

如果我是你，我就不会错过昨天晚上那场音乐会。(从句说明现在的情况，主句说明过去的情况)

例2：Ifyouhadtoldmethenewsyesterday,Iwouldn'tbesoworriednow.

如果你昨天告诉我这个消息，我现在就不会这么担心了。(从句说明过去的情况，主句说明现在的情况)

例3：Ifyouhesitatedthismoment,youmightsufferinfuture.

如果你现在犹豫不决，将来你会吃苦头的。(从句说明现在的情况，主句说明将来的情况)

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

7.Ifit(