Unit 4 七选五专练（知识与题型大冲关）（原卷版）-人教版必修第一册高一英语题型练习

Unit4七选五练习

目录

精练篇...........................................................................1

Passage1..........................................................................................................................................1

基础篇...........................................................................3

Passage1..........................................................................................................................................3

Passage2..........................................................................................................................................4

Passage3..........................................................................................................................................5

Passage4..........................................................................................................................................6

Passage5..........................................................................................................................................7

拔高篇...........................................................................8

Passage1..........................................................................................................................................8

Passage2..........................................................................................................................................9

Passage3........................................................................................................................................10

Passage4........................................................................................................................................11

Passage5........................................................................................................................................12

精练篇

Passage1

难度☆☆☆

Flashfloodscanstrikewithoutwarning.Theycanhitwhenyou'reIdkinginarivervalley,

walkingthroughacanyon,orevensimplydrivingtoaremotedestination.Youcanminimizeyour

riskbyknowinghowtopreparefortheworstandhowtoescapewhenafloodbegins.]

Beforeheadingout,checktheweatherreport,lookatanyfloodwarningsandtakethem

seriously.2DrStevenKugath,anoutdoorrecreationprofessor,notesthatwhenpeopleplan

totravelalongwayforahikeorcanyonexploration,theyoftenfeelthattheymustfollowthrough

withtheactivityeveniftheweatherisn'tpromising.Thesmartthingtodoiscanceltheactivityor

moveittoasaferlocation.

BecarefulofanyvisualsignsofdangerandyoursurroundingswhilewalkingorIdkingina

tightspace.3Besides,alwaysknowwhereyouareandwherethenearestescaperoutescan

befoundintheeventofsuddenflooding.

Whatif,despiteyourpreparations,youfindyourselfstuckinadangerousplacewhenflooding

begins?Movetohighergroundimmediately,awayfromriversandstreams.Ifthesituationisurgent,

leavebehindyourpossessions.4Ifyoufindyourselfbeingcarriedawaybypowerfulflood

waters,fightashardasyoucantogettoatalltree,astreetlightoranythingsturdy（结实）thatyou

canholdontountilhelparrives.

5Currentscanbedeceptive（误导的），andshallow,festmovingwatercanknockyou

offyourfeet.Moreover,don'tswimthroughfast-flowingwater——youmaygetsweptawayor

struckbyanobjectinthewater.

A.Avoidwalkingthroughmovingwater.

B.Nobagorequipmentisworthyourlife.

C.Ittakeshoursforthefloodwaterstomoveaway.

D.Hundredsofpeopledieduetodrowninginsidetheirvehicles.

E.Becarefulnottoletyourexcitementdriveyoutotakeanychances.

F.Keepthesetipsinmindthenexttimeyouheadoutforanoutdooradventure.

G.Thesuddenarrivalofdarkcloudsduringaperfectlysunnydayisoneobvioussign.

令!词汇积累

minimize动词，意思是“使减少到最低限度；最小化；降低“。例如：uWeneedtominimize

therisks."（我们需要把风险降到最低。）

preparefor意思是“为做准备”。比如："Youshouldpreparefortheexamwell."（你应该

好好为考试做准备。）

takesthseriously"认真对待某事例如：“Youmusttakeyourhealthseriously.（你必须认

真对待自己的健康。）

becarefulof表示“小心；注意；当心"。例如："Becarefilloftheslipperyroad.”（小心路

滑。）

intheeventof“万一；倘若；如果..发生比如：uIntheeventofrain,thepartywillbeheld

indoors.”（如果下雨，聚会将在室内举行。）

bestuckin“被困在；陷入；卡住例如："Iwasstuckintrafficforanhour."（我堵车堵了

一个小时。）

leavebehind有“留下；遗留；忘带；把..抛在后面”等意思。例如："Don'tleavebehindaiy

personalbelongings."（别落下任何个人物品。）

carryaway”使失去理智；冲走；带走”。例如：“Thefloodcarriedawaymanyhouses.”（洪水

冲走了许多房屋。）

knocksboff“撞倒某人；打败某人；使某人减少"。例如：^Thecyclistwasknockedoffhisbilie

byacar."（那个骑自行车的人被一辆汽车撞倒了。）

keepsthinmind“记住某事；牢记某事”。例如：“Pleasekeepthisruleinmind.”（请牢记这

条规则。）

[1]DrStevenKugath,anoutdoorrecreationprofessor,notesthatwhenpeopleplantotravela

longwayforahikeorcanyonexploration,theyoftenfeelthattheymustfollowthroughwiththe

activityeveniftheweatherisn'tpromising.

译文户外娱乐教授史蒂文•库加斯博士指出，当人们计划长途跋涉去远足或探索峡谷时，

即使天气不佳，他们也常常觉得必须完成这项活动。

分析^anoutdoorrecreationprofessor^是同位语，对“DrStevenKugath”进行补充说明。

“thatwhenpeopleplantotravelalongwayforahikeorcanyonexploration,theyoftenfeelthat

theymustfollowthroughwiththeactivityeveniftheweatherisn,tpromising,,是宾语从句。其

中，awhenpeopleplantotravelalongwayforahikeorcanyonexploration是宾语从句中的时

间状语从句，“theyoftenfeelthattheymustfollowthroughwiththeactivity”是宾语从句的主

句，"eveniftheweatherisn'tpromising是宾语从句中的让步状语从句。

[2]Ifyoufindyourselfbeingcarriedawaybypowerfulfloodwaters,fightashardasyoucanto

gettoatalltree,astreetlightoranythingsturdy（结实）thatyoucanholdontountilhelparrives.

译文如果你发现自己被汹涌的洪水冲走，要竭尽全力游向一棵高大的树、一根路灯杆或任

何你能抓住的坚固的东西，直到救援到来。

分析“Ifyoufindyourselfbeingcarriedawaybypowerfulfloodwaters”是条件状语从句，

“beingcarriedawaybypowerfulfloodwaters”是宾语补足语;“fightashardasyoucantogetto

atalltree,astreetlightoranythingsturdy（结实）thatyoucanholdontountilhelparrives”是主句，

“ashardasyoucan”是方式状语，“togettoatalltree,astreetlightoranythingsturdy（结实）

thatyoucanholdontountilhelparrives是目的状语，其中“thatyoucanholdonto”是定语从

句，修饰先行词"anythingsturdy”,"untilhelparrives”是时间状语从句。

1.为意外做好准备，因为生活常常给我们带来惊喜，做好准备能让我们有力量去面对。

(preparefor)

2.认真对待你的梦想，因为它们是引领你走向充实人生的指路星。(takesthseriously)

3,小心仓促的决定；它们可能会让你走上一条日后会后悔的道路。(becarefiilof)

4.万一失败了，不要放弃，而是把它看作是通往成功的垫脚石。(intheeventof)

5.在追求成功的过程中不要丢弃你的善良，这才是让你的旅程真正有意义的东西。(leave

behind)

基础篇

Passage1

难度☆☆

Afloodcandevelopslowly,overtimeorrapidly,asinthecaseofflashfloodswhichcan

developinjustafewminutesandwithoutsignsofrain.

]Thisisthefirstthingthatapersonshoulddo.Itisunwisetojustdependonhistory

todecidewhetheryourareaisatriskofflooding.

Createanevacuationplanincaseyouhavetoevacuateyourhome.Payattentiontothesafe

areasyoucangoto.Preparefoodkitsfornaturaldisastersthatyoucaneasilytakewithyouifyou

havetoleaveyourhouse.2

Ifthereisapossibilityofaflashflood,leaveyourhomeandmovetohighergroundatonce.

Donotwaitforinstructionstomove.Evacuationmayalsocauseashortageinthefoodsupply.

3Tosurvive,onemustdependonfoodstorage.

Whileevacuating,avoidwalkingthroughmovingwater.Evensixinchesofmovingwatercan

makeyoufall.Ifyouhavetowalkinwater,walkwherethewaterisnotmoving.4

Donotdriveintofloodedareas.Iffloodwatersrisearoundyourcar,abandon（舍弃）thecar

andmovetohigherground,whenwaterisnotmovingornotmorethanafewinchesdeep.5

Ifyourcaristrappedinrapidlymovingwater,stayinthecar.Ifthewaterisrisinginsidethecar,

moveontotheroof（顶部）.

A.Theydon'tknowwheretolookfbrshelter.

B.Youandthecarcanbesweptawayquickly.

C.Useasticktocheckthegroundinfrontofyou.

D.Beawareiftheareayou'reatisatriskofaflood.

E.Thereisnotellingwhenanotherfloodmayhappen.

F.Itwouldhelptostorefoodfbremergencysituations.

G.Duringtheseconditions,hungerbecomesaveryrealproblem.

Passage2

难度☆☆

Earthquakesareonetypeofnaturaldisasteryousimplycan'tseecoming.Earthquake

preparationisthebestwaytodealwithaconfusingtime.Here'ssomethingyouneedtoknowabout

howtopreparefbranearthquake.

Examineweakpointsinyourhomeandmakeaplantostrengthenthem.Protectyourspaceor

yourhomebyfindingoutdangersandfixingmoveablethings.]Pushtop-heavypieces

suchasbookshelvesawayfrombedsorsofas,andmovetheheavierthingsontolowershelves.

Createanearthquakesafetyplanwithyourfamily.Ifskeytocreateandpracticeanemergency

planwithyourfamilysothateveryoneknowswhattododuringatimeofanearthquake.Talkabout

wayseachfamilymembercanactasateam.2

3Itmaybeunderastrongpieceoffurniturewhichcanprotectyoufromfallingobjects

oragainstanyinsidewallawayfromwindows,bookshelves,ortallfurniturethatcouldfellonyou.

Learnearthquakeemergencyplansatyourworkplace,children'sschoolordaycarecenter.

Disastercanstrikeatanymoment.4Ifsalsowisetomakeanoteofhowyouplanto

communicatewitheachotherandhowtoletlovedonesknowyou'resafe.Rememberthatcell

phonesmaybeunreliable（不可靠的）afteranearthquake.

5Earthquakesusuallylastaroundoneminutebutifthedamageisbigenough,you

couldbetrappedforamuchlongerperiodoftime.Youshouldhaveabagcontainingmedical

equipment,food,water,flashlightsandsoon.

A.Prepareanemergencybag.

B.Prepareformoredamageanddanger.

C.Picksafespacesineveryroomtotakeshelterin.

D.Theshakinggroundcouldmovealmostanything.

E.Itcanhelpreducefears,especiallyinyoungchildren.

F.Thepreparationdependsonawell-practicedplanandreadysupplies.

G.Soitisnecessarytolearnhowtoprepareforanearthquakeinanyenvironment.

Passage3HowtoPrepareforanEarthquake

难度☆☆

Anearthquakecanbeaverydestructivenaturaldisaster,particularlyinthePacificRim

region.Afteranearthquake,yourhomemaybeamessandyoumightbeleftwithoutawatersupply

orpower.]Bydoingso,youmayminimizethedamageandinjuryinandaroundyour

home.

•Createadisasterplan.

Formyourplanandknowwhattodobeforetheearthquakehappens.2Themost

importantfirststepisunderstandingwhattodowhenanearthquakehits.

3

Inarealearthquake,thisisyournumberonedefense.Droptothefloor,takecoverundera

firmdeskortableandholdonfirmly.Namely,dropandcoveryourheadfromfallingobjects.Stay

thereuntiltheshakingstops.

•Learnbasicfirstaid.

Thereareresourcesinyourcommunitytoeducatepeopleonhowtodealwithfirstaid

emergencies.4

•Writedownandshareemergencycontactlists.

Thisshouldincludeeveryoneinyourhome,office,etc.5Inadditiontonormal

contactinformation,askeachpersontoprovideanemergencycontactaswell.

A.Stayawayfromtheshakinghouse.

B.Practice"drop,coverandholdon”.

C.Thengooveryourplanonaregularbasis.

D.Therefore,youcanturntoyourfamilyforhelp.

E.Youneedtoknowhowtogetintouchwiththem.

F.Thereareseveralthingsyoucandotoprepareforanearthquake.

G.Forexample,yourlocalRedCrosshasclassesteachingyouthebasicskills.

Passage4StayingSafeinaVehicle

难度☆☆

Wildfiresarecommonindry,hotclimates,buttheycanhappenanywhere.]Ifyou

everfindyourselffacingthethreatofawildfire,ifsimportanttoknowwhattodotoensurethat

youandyourfamilyremainsafeinavehicle.

Ensurethatyoucanbreathe.Onceyou'reinacar,you'llneedtoensurethatthecarissafely

sealedfromthesmokesurroundingyou.2

Driveifyoucan.Ifthevehiclerunsandyou'recapableofdrivingit,thendoso.Butit's

importanttodriveslowlyandkeepyourheadlightson,sothatyoucanseeyoursurroundingsand

anyoneelseontheroadcanseeyou.3Ifthesmokeistoothicktosee,itmaybesaferto

parkandwaititout.

Remaininthevehicle.Ifthesmokeistoothicktoseetheroad,orifyoucannotdrivethecar

foranyreason,youshouldremaininthevehicle.4Youwillbemorelikelytobeinjured

orkilledbyleavingthevehiclethanyouwouldbeifyouremainedinside.

Knowwhattoexpect.5Justrememberthatnomatterwhathappens,ifthefire

surroundsthecaryoushouldnotleavethevehicle.Thetemperatureinsidethevehiclewillincrease

considerably.Don'tworry-it'sstillsaferinsidethevehiclethanoutside.

A.Don'tdrivethroughheavytraffic.

B.Don'tdrivethroughheavysmoke.

C.Youneedtobreakawindowtoenterthevehicle.

D.Ifsimportanttoknowwhattoexpectsothatyoudonotpanic.

E.Mostwildfiresstartsmall,oftenfromhumancauses,butspreadveryquickly.

F.Thisiscrucial,sinceyouwillotherwiseriskpassingoutfromcarbonmonoxide（一氧化物）.

G.Youcanliedownonthefloorofthevehicleandcoveryourselfwithablanketorcoat,if

possible.

Passage5

难度☆☆

LightningcanstrikeanyplaceonEarth.Infact,thereareabout6,000lightningstrikesevery

minute,whichismorethan8millionstrikeseveryday.Theriskofbeingstruckbylightningislow,

buttheconsequencesoflightningstrikeinjuriesareserious.Eventhoughyourhomeisasafeshelter

duringalightningstorm,youmightstillbeatrisk.Aboutone-thirdoflightning-strikeinjuriesoccur

indoors.]

Avoidwater.

DoNOTbathe,shower,washdishes,orhaveanyothercontactwithwaterduringa

thunderstorm.2

3

DoNOTuseanythingconnectedtoanelectricaloutlet（电源插座）,suchascomputers,game

systems,washers,orstoves.Lightningcantravelthroughelectricalsystems,radioandtelevision

receptionsystems,andanymetalwiresorbarsinconcretewallsorflooring.

Avoidwindows,doors,porches,andconcrete.

4DoNOTlieonconcretefloorsorleanonconcretewallsduringathunderstorm.

Lightningcantravelthroughanymetalwiresorbarsinconcretewallsorflooring.

Don,tusecorded（有线的）phones.

CordedphonesareNOTsafetouseduringathunderstorm.DoNOTusethem.5

Followthesafetymeasuresabovecanminimizeyourriskofbeinginjuredindoorsonlighting

days.Don'ttakeitforgrantedthatonlyoutdooractivitiescanputyouinadangerousplace.Keepit

inmindthatinappropriateindooractivitiescanalsobedisastrous.

A.Herearesometipstokeepsafeandreduceyourriskofbeingstruckwhileindoors.

B.Inaddition,followuponthelatestinformationaboutthestorm.

C.However,itissafetousecordlessormobilephonesduringastorm.

D.Stayawayfromwindowsanddoors,andstayoffporches.

E.Someoutdoorsmeasurescankeepyousafeandpreventyoufrombeingattacked.

F.Lightningcantravelthroughabuilding'swaterpipesystem.

G.Don'ttouchelectronicequipment.

拔高篇

Passage1

难度☆☆☆

Floodscancomefrommultiplesources.Itcanbeahurricane,faileddam,oroverflowing

river.Thedisasterscanmovequickly.]It'simportanttoknowhowtokeepyourfamily

andbelongingssafeduringsuchanevent.Fullpreparationcanputyouateaseforitscoming.

Afloodissimplyaneventwherewateroverflowsanaturalareaandcoversnormallydry

places.Ingeneral,therearetwotypes.2Thesoilintheseareascan,tabsorbalotof

moisture.Thewaterthenrapidlyrunsoffthesurfaceresultinginatorrent（激流）ofrapidlymoving

water.Riverfloodingiswhenariveroverflowsitsbanksduetoexcessive（过分的）waterandthe

situationcangetworseifbarrierssuchasadamorlevee（防洪堤）breakaswell.

Afloodcanbecausedbymanythings.3Livingnexttoariver,dam,onthecoast,

orinalow-lyingareaputsyouatriskfbrflooding.

Thereisnospecificfloodseason.4Anytimethereisalargeamountofrainina

shortperiod,floodingcanoccur.Man-madeandnaturaldisasterscanalsocausefloodingoutsideof

thosemonths.Forexample,thecollapseofadamcancauseaflood.Anaturaldisaster,suchasa

tsunami,canalsocausefloodingonamassivescale.

5Usingexistingmapsandexamininglow-lyingareascandeterminehighriskareas

forflooding.Moreover,floodwarningsaresentouttoareasthatcouldexperiencefloodingwhen

thereisalargeamountofrainfalloverashorttime.

A.Therisingriverthreatenspeople'slives.

B.Floodscanbepreventableandpredictable.

C.Flashfloodsaremorecommonindryareas.

D.Andsometimestheycomewithlittlewarning.

E.Theweatherforecastaccuratelypredictsalldisasters.

F.Theyincludesevereweather,geography,andotherman-madefactors.

G.Generally,theperiodfromspringtofallisconsideredaheightenedriskforfloods.

Passage2

难度☆☆☆

Floodscancausemajordamagetocityinfrastructureandevendeaths.1,tragedies

causedbyfloodscanbepreventedthroughtakingpropermeasures.Hereare5keystepstoprepare

yourselfandyourfamilyforafloodemergency.

Getinformed,stayinformed

Oneofthebestwaystoprepareyourselfandyourlovedonesforafloodistobeawareof

weatherconditions.2.Ifyourcityhashadpasthistoryofflooding,doyourbestto

investigatewheredamagewascausedtohelpyoubetterplanyourfamilysafetyplan.

Updateyouremergencykits

Besureyouremergencykitsareallup-to-date.Ensuretheyhavethepropersuppliesneeded

toprotectmultiplefamilymembers.Inyourpreparedbags,youshouldhave72hours-worthoffood

andwateralongwithotheressentialsupplies.3.

Secureyourhome

Makingsurelooseitemsaresecurecanhelptopreventbothpropertydamagetoyourhome

andbodilyinjury.Furnitureitemsaren'ttheonlythingsthatshouldbesecured.Also,takethetime

tosecureelectricalitemstopreventthemfromfallingintowater.4.Havingsandbags

immediatelyavailablecanbuyyouandyourfamilymuch-neededtimewhenpreparingtoescape

fromyourhome.

Practiceyouremergencyplan

Makesureyourfamilyhasanemergencyactionplanreadytoimplement(实施)atany

moment.Then,practiceyouremergencyactionplanwithyourentirefamily.Thiswillhelpeach

membertodirectlyunderstandtheirrolesintheplanandgiveanopportunitytoanswerany

questionsthatmayarise.

5

Ofcourse,naturaldisastersoccurinaninstant.Therefore,keepyourentirefamilyandallpet

familymemberscloseandwithinsightatalltimesduringanemergencysituation.

A.Paycloseattentiontothedevelopmentofcurrentstorms

B.Floodsaretoopowerfultobestopped

C.Keepallfamilymembers(petstoo!)insight

D.Investinsandbagsandkeeptheminsideyourhome

E.Thoughfloodsareamongthemostdangerousofnaturaldisasters

F.Neverleaveyourfamilyorpetsbehindwhenfloodsarecoming

G.Inparticular,includelifevestsalongwithotherwaterproofsurvivalitems

Passage3

难度☆☆☆

Naturaldisasterscancausepeople'sfearsatanyage.1,butyoudohavelotsof

influenceonhowyourchildrenmayfacethepossibledisasters.Lefsseehowtotalktoyourchildren

aboutnaturaldisasterscorrectly.

•Behonest

Whenthereisinformationaboutnaturaldisasters,trynottohideit.2.Theymay

wanttoknowmoreaboutwherethenaturaldisasterisandthepaththatitison.Giveproper

explanationsorevencheckbooksoutfromthelibrary.

3

Askyourchildrenwhattheyarenervousaboutsothatyoucansolvetheirconcerns.Deal

withanyoftheirfears,bigorsmall,andprovidesomekindofcomfort.Whetherthesedisastersare

happeningfarawayorclosetohome,theyneedtoknowthatyouwillkeepthemsafe.

•Makeaplanforyourfamily

ThereisnoplaceonEarththatisfreefrompossiblysufferingsometypeofnaturaldisaster.

Allfamiliesshouldhaveadisasterplanandemergencysuppliesathome.Createafamilysafety

plan,andshareitwithyourchildren.4.

•Talkaboutthehelpers

5.Theideathatfirefighters,paramedics（护理人员），andotherdisasterservice

workerswillbetheretohelpincaseofanemergencyhelpschildrentakeawaysomeoftheanxiety.

A.Answerquestions

B.Takeawayyourchildren'sfears

C.Itiscompletelynaturaltobeafraid

D.Theyjusthavetowaitwithnothingtodo

E.Itcanpreparethemfbrwhattodoifadisasterhappens

F.Instead,offeringdetailedinformationandexplanationcanhelpcalmyourchildren

G.Teachyourchildrenaboutthedifferenttypesofhelpersthatshowupinadisaster

Passage4

难度☆☆☆

Thenumberofpeopledyinginnaturaldisastersislowertodaythanitwasinthepast.1

However,ifyoucankeepyourheadandfindtherightplacetostaywhenthegroundstartsshaking,

youmightbeabletosurvive.

2Thebiggestdangerisfallingpieces.Sinceearthquakeshappensuddenlywithout

warning,youhavetothinkquicklytostaysafe.Ifyouareindoorsduringanearthquake,remember:

“drop,coverandholdon.^^

Drop:Whenyoufeelthegroundshakingorsomethingcrashing,getdownonyourhands

andknees.3Quicklycrawl（缓'慢彳亍进）underastrongdeskortablenearby.Don'ttryto

rundownstairsorwalktoasaferplacebecauseyoumightfall.Ifyouareinbed,staythereand

coveryourheadwithapillowuntiltheshakingstops.

Cover:Useonehandtocoveryourneckandhead.4Ifnot,movetowardsawall

insidethebuilding,nottheoutsidewallswithwindows.Stayonyourhandsandknees,keepingyour

handoveryourneckforprotection.

Holdon:Holdontoyourdeskortablewithonehandwhilekeepingthe