4.4.1排水管道的布置ArrangementofDrainagePipe40

4.4.1排水管道的布置ArrangementofDrainagePipes一、排水管道的布置ArrangementofDrainagePipes排水管道布置与敷设的原则PrinciplesofArrangementandLayingofDrainagePipes建筑内部排水系统管道的布置与敷设直接影响着人们的日常生活和生产，为创造良好的环境，应遵循以下原则：Thearrangementandlayingofdrainagepipesinsidebuildingsdirectlyaffectpeople'sdailylivesandproduction.Tocreateagoodenvironment,thefollowingprinciplesshouldbefollowed:1排水畅通，水力条件好Gooddrainageandhydraulicconditions2保证设有排水管道房间或场所的正常使用Ensurethenormaluseofroomsorplaceswithdrainagepipes3保证排水管道不受损坏Ensurethatthedrainagepipeswon'tbedamaged4不影响室内环境卫生Donotinfluencetheindoorenvironmentandhygienicconditions5施工安装、维护管理方便Convenientforconstruction,installation,maintenance,andmanagement一、排水管道的布置ArrangementofDrainagePipes1.排水畅通，水力条件好Gooddrainageandhydraulicconditions为使排水管道系统能够将室内产生的污废水以最短的距离、最短的时间排出室外，应采用水力条件好的管件和连接方法。

Toenablethedrainagepipelinesystemtodischargethesewageandwastewatergeneratedindoorsintheshortestdistanceandtime.Pipefittingswithgoodhydraulicconditionsandconnectionmethodsshallbeadopted.室内排水管道的连接Connectionofindoordrainagepipes1卫生器具排水管与排水横支管垂直连接，宜采用90°斜三通。90-degreelateralteesshallbeusedforverticalconnectionsbetweensanitarywaredrainagepipesanddrainagetransversebranchpipes.2横支管与立管连接，宜采用顺水三通或顺水四通和45°斜三通或45°斜四通；在特殊单立管系统中横支管与立管连接可采用特殊配件。Straightteeorstraightcross,45-degreelateralteeor45-degreelateralcrossshallbeadoptedwhentransversebranchpipesareconnectedtostandpipes.Specialfittingscanbeadoptedwhentransversebranchpipesareconnectedtostandpipesinaspecialsinglestandpipesystem.3排水立管与排出管端部的连接，宜采用两个45°弯头、弯曲半径不小于4倍管径的90°弯头或90°变径弯头。Drainagestandpipesandtheendofdischargepipesshallbeconnectedbytwo45-degreeelbows,90-degreeelbowsor90-degreereducingelbowswithabendingradiusnotlessthan4timesthepipediameter.一、排水管道的布置ArrangementofDrainagePipes一、排水管道的布置ArrangementofDrainagePipes1.排水畅通，水力条件好Gooddrainageandhydraulicconditions排水支管不宜太长，尽量少转弯，连接的卫生器具不宜太多。

Drainagebranchpipesshouldnotbetoolongandtrynottoturn,andthenumberofconnectedsanitarywaresshouldnotbetoomany.立管宜靠近外墙，靠近排水量大、水中杂质多的卫生器具。

Standpipesshallbeclosetotheexteriorwallandsanitarywareswithalargedrainagevolumeandmanyimpuritiesinwater.排出管以最短的距离排出室外，尽量避免在室内转弯。

Dischargepipesshallbeextendedtotheoutsideattheshortestdistance,andindoorrotationsshallbeavoidedasmuchaspossible.一、排水管道的布置ArrangementofDrainagePipes2.保证设有排水管道房间或场所的正常使用Ensurethenormaluseofroomsorplaceswithdrainagepipes在某些房间或场所布置排水管道时，要保证这些房间或场所正常使用，如横支管不得穿过有特殊卫生要求的生产厂房、食品及贵重商品仓库、通风小室和变电室。

Whenarrangingdrainagepipesinsomeroomsorplaces,weneedtoensurethenormaluseoftheseroomsorplaces.Forexample,transversebranchpipesshouldnotpassthroughproductionplantswithspecialhygienerequirements,foodandpreciouscommoditieswarehouses,ventilatedsmallroomsandtransformerrooms.不得布置在遇水易引起燃烧、爆炸或损坏的原料、产品和设备上面。

Drainagepipesshallnotbesetontherawmaterials,productsandequipmentthatareeasytocausecombustion,explosionordamagewhenexposedtowater.不得布置在食堂、饮食业的主副食操作烹调场所的上方。

Drainagepipesshallnotbesetabovethecookingplaceofstapleandnon-staplefoodinthecanteenandcateringindustry.变电室Transformerroom厨房Kitchen厨房仓库Kitchenwarehouse一、排水管道的布置ArrangementofDrainagePipes3.保证排水管道不受损坏Ensurethatthedrainagepipeswon'tbedamaged为使排水系统安全可靠的使用，必须保证排水管道不会受到腐蚀、外力、热烤等破坏。如：Toensurethesafeandreliableuseofthedrainagesystem,itisnecessarytoensurethatdrainagepipeswillnotbedamagedbycorrosion,externalforce,heating,etc.Forexample:沉降缝Settlementjoint烟道Flue1管道不得穿过沉降缝、烟道、风道；管道穿过承重墙和基础时应预留洞。Thepipesshallnotpassthroughsettlementjoints,fluesandairducts;holesshallbereservedwhenpipespassthroughload-bearingwallsandfoundations.一、排水管道的布置ArrangementofDrainagePipes2埋地管不得布置在可能受重物压坏处或穿越生产设备基础。Buriedpipesshallnotbesetatplacesthatmaybecrushedbyheavyobjectsorpassthroughthefoundationofproductionequipment.3不应布置在易受机械撞击处；当不能避免时，应采取保护措施。Drainagepipesshallnotbesetatplacessusceptibletomechanicalimpact,andprotectivemeasuresshallbetakenwhenitisunavoidable.5湿陷性黄土地区横干管应设在地沟内。Transversecrossmainsshallbesetintrenchesinareasofwettedloess.6排水立管应采用柔性接口。Drainagestandpipesshalladoptflexiblejoints.4塑料排水管道应远离温度高的设备和装置，在汇合配件处（如三通）设置伸缩节等。Plasticdrainagepipesshallbefarawayfromhigh-temperatureequipmentanddevices,andexpansionjointsshallbesetatconfluencefittings(suchastees).水泵基础Waterpumpfoundation一、排水管道的布置ArrangementofDrainagePipes4.不影响室内环境卫生Donotinfluencetheindoorenvironmentandhygienicconditions1为创造一个安全、卫生、舒适、安静、美观的生活、生产环境，排水管、通气管不得穿越住户客厅、餐厅，排水立管不宜靠近与卧室相邻的内墙。Tocreateasafe,hygienic,comfortable,quiet,beautifullifeandproductionenvironment,drainagepipesandventpipesshouldnotpassthroughthelivingroomsanddiningroomsofresidents,anddrainagestandpipesshouldnotbeclosetotheinteriorwallsadjacenttobedrooms.2不宜穿越橱窗、壁柜，不得穿越贮藏室。Shallnotpassthroughshowwindows,wallcabinets,orstoragerooms.3不得穿越卧室、客房、病房和宿舍等人员居住的房间。Shallnotpassthroughbedrooms,guestrooms,wards,dormitories,andotherroomswherepeoplelive.4不得穿越生活饮用水池（箱）上方。Shouldnotbeallowedtopassoverthedomesticdrinkingwaterpools(tanks).5商品住宅卫生间的卫生器具排水管不宜穿越楼板进入他户。Thesanitarywaredrainagepipesintherestroomsofcommercialresidentialbuildingsshallnotpassthroughfloorslabstoenterotherhouseholds.6住宅厨房间的废水不得与卫生间的污水合用一根立管。Inresidentialbuildings,kitchenwastewaterandrestroomsewageshallnotbedischargedthroughthesameverticalpipe.一、排水管道的布置ArrangementofDrainagePipes最低排水横支管与排出管起点管内底的距离Distancebetweenthelowestdrainagetransversebranchpipeandtheinternalbottomofthestartingpointpipeandthedischargepipe建筑层数较多，底层横支管与立管连接处至立管底部的距离小于下表规定的最小距离时，底部支管应单独排出。Whenthebuildingshavealargenumberoffloorsandthedistancefromtheconnectionofbottomtransversebranchpipesandstandpipestothebottomofstandpipesislessthantheminimumdistancesetinthetablebelow,thebottombranchpipeshallbedischargedseparately.立管连接卫生器具的层数Numberoflayersofstandpipesconnectingsanitaryware垂直距离Verticaldistance仅设伸顶通气Onlysetstackvent设通气立管Setventstack≤40.45按配件最小安装尺寸确定Determinedbytheminimuminstallationsizeofthefittings5~60.757~121.2013~19底层单独排出Thesewageatthegroundlevelisdischargedseparately0.75≥201.20最低横支管与立管连接处至立管管底的最小垂直距离（m）MinimumVerticalDistancefromtheConnectionoftheLowestTransverseBranch

PipetotheStandpipetotheBottomoftheStandpipe（m）一、排水管道的布置ArrangementofDrainagePipes1当排水支管连接在排出管或排水横干管上时，连接点距立管底部下游水平距离不得小于1.5m。Whenthedrainagebranchpipeisconnectedtothedischargepipeorthedrainagetransversemainpipe,thehorizontaldistancebetweentheconnectionpointandthedownstreamofthebottomoftheverticalshallnotbelessthan1.5meters.2排水支管接入横干管竖直转向管段时，连接点应距转向处以下不得小于0.6m。Whenthedrainagebranchpipeisconnectedtotheverticalrotatingpipesectionofthetransversemainpipe,theconnectionpointshallnotbelessthan0.6metersbelowtherotatingpoint.3当靠近排水立管底部的排水支管的连接，不能满足以上要求时，则排水支管应单独排出室外检查井或采取有效的防反压措施。Whentheconnectionofthedrainagebranchpipenearthebottomoftheverticaldrainagepipescannotmeettheaboverequirements,thedrainagebranchpipeshallbeseparatelyextendedtotheoutdoorinspectionwelloreffectiveanti-backpressuremeasuresshallbetaken.排水横支管与排出管或横干管的连接Connectionofdrainagetransversebranchpipesanddischargepipesortransversemainpipes一、排水管道的布置ArrangementofDrainagePipes5.施工安装、维护管理方便Convenientforconstruction,installation,maintenance,andmanagement1为便于施工安装，管道距楼板和墙应有一定的距离。为便于日常维护管理，排水立管宜靠近外墙，以减少埋地横干管的长度；对于废水含有大量的悬浮物或沉淀物，管道需要经常冲洗，排水支管较多，排水点的位置不固定的公共餐饮业的厨房、公共浴池、洗衣房、生产车间可以用排水沟代替排水管。Tofacilitateconstructionandinstallation,thereshallbeacertaindistancebetweenthepipesandtheslabaswellaswall.Toprovideconveniencefordailymaintenanceandmanagement,drainagestandpipesshallbeadjacenttoexteriorwallstoreducethelengthofburiedtransversemainpipes.Pipesshouldoftenbeflushedwhentherearelargeamountsofsuspendedsolidsanddregsinsewage.Drainagepipescanbereplacedbydrainageditchesforkitchensofpubliccatering,publicbaths,laundry,productionworkshopswithmoredrainagebranchpipesandthelocationofdrainagespotsnotfixed.2应按规范规定设置检查口或清扫口。Inspectionaccessorcleanoutshallbesetaccordingtotheregulatoryrequirements.一、排水管道的布置ArrangementofDrainagePipes一、排水管道的布置ArrangementofDrainagePipes方式Mode下列构筑物和设备的排水管与生活排水管道系统应采取间接排水的方式：Drainagepipesanddomesticdrainagepipesystemsofthefollowingstructuresandequipmentshallbeindirectlydrained:1生活饮用水贮水箱（池）的泄水管和溢流管。Drainpipeandoverflowpipeofdomesticdrinkingwatertank(pool).2开水器、热水器排水。Drainageofwaterboilerandwaterheater.3医疗灭菌消毒设备的排水。Drainageofmedicalsterilizationanddisinfectionequipment.4蒸发式冷却器、空调设备冷凝水的排水。Drainageofcondensatewaterfromevaporativecoolersandairconditioningequipment.5贮存食品或饮料的冷藏库房的地面排水和冷风机溶霜水盘的排水。Grounddrainageofrefrigeratedwarehouseswherefoodorbeveragesarestoredanddrainageofdefrostingwatertraysofaircoolers.一、排水管道的布置ArrangementofDrainagePipes设备间接排水宜排入邻近的洗涤盆、地漏。当无条件时，可设置排水明沟、排水漏斗或容器。间接排水的漏斗或容器不得产生溅水、溢流，并应布置在容易检查、清洁的位置。间接排水口最小空气间隙如图所示，宜按下表确定。Indirectdrainagewaterofequipmentshallbedischargedintoadjacentsinksandfloordrains.Whenconditionsdonotpermit,opendrains,drainagefunnelsorcontainerscanbesetup.Thefunnelorcontainerforindirectdrainageshallnotcausesplashingoroverflowandshallbeinstalledinapositionwhereitiseasytoinspectandclean.Theminimumairgapoftheindirectdrainoutletisshowninthefigureandshallbedeterminedaccordingtothefollowingtable.间接排水管管径Thediameteroftheindirectdrainagepipe排水口最小空气间隙Theminimumairgapatthedrainageport≤255032~50100＞50150饮料用贮水箱排水口Tankdrainageportforbeverage≥150间接排水口最小空气间隙(mm)MinimumAirGapatIndirectDrainagePort(mm)一