新教材2025版高中英语课时作业二Unit1RelationshipsPartⅡLesson1Teachers北师大版选择性必修第一册

课时作业(二)Unit1PartⅡLesson1TeachersⅠ.阅读理解ABillGatesandthepresidentofGeneralMotorshavemetforlunch,andBillisgoingonandonaboutcomputertechnology.“Ifautomotivetechnologyhadkeptpacewithcomputertechnologyoverthepastfewdecades,youwouldnowbedrivingaV­32insteadofaV­8,anditwouldhaveatopspeedof10,000milesperhour，”saysGates.“Or,youcouldhaveaneconomycarthatweighs30poundsandgetsathousandmilestoagallonofgas.Ineithercase,thestickerpriceofanewcarwouldbelessthan$50.Whyhaven'tyouguyskeptup？”ThepresidentofGMsmilesandsays,“Becausethefederalgovernmentwon'tletusbuildcarsthatcrashfourtimesaday.”Whyisthatfunny(ornotfunny,asthecasemaybe)?Humanbeingslovetolaugh,andtheaverageadultlaughs17timesaday.Humanslovetolaughsomuchthatthereareactuallyindustriesbuiltaroundlaughter.Jokes,sitcomsandcomediansarealldesignedtogetuslaughing,becauselaughingfeelsgood.Forusitseemssonatural,butthefunnythingisthathumansareoneoftheonlyspeciesthatlaughs.Laughterisactuallyacomplexresponsethatinvolvesmanyofthesameskillsusedinsolvingproblems.Laughterisagreatthing—that'swhywe'veallheardthesaying,“Laughteristhebestmedicine.”Thereisstrongevidencethatlaughtercanactuallyimprovehealthandhelpfightdisease.Inthisarticle,we'lllookatlaughter—whatitis,whathappensinourbrainswhenwelaugh,whatmakesuslaughandhowitcanmakeushealthierandhappier.You'llalsolearnthatthere'satremendousamountthatnooneunderstandsyet.1．What'stheBestTitleofthePassage?A．LaughterB．TheJokeBetweenGatesandthePresidentofGeneralMotorsC．WhyDoWeLaugh?D．LaughterandHealth2．WhichoneisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Computertechnologyhasdevelopedquicklyduringthepastfewdecades.B．AutomotivetechnologyhasdevelopedasfastascomputertechnologyaccordingtoBillGates.C.ThepresidentofGMthinksitisimpossibletobuildcarsworthlessthan50dollars.D．Ifcarswerelessthan50dollars,alargenumberofaccidentswouldhappenperday.3．Theunderlinedword“sitcoms”inParagraph3means“________”．A．situationcomediesB．tragediesC．bodylanguageD．fictions4．Thispassageismostprobablyan________.A．introductionofanarticleaboutMicrosoftB．introductionofanarticleaboutlaughterC．articleaboutlaughterD．introductionofanarticleaboutGeneralMotorsBInadditiontotheirdailytasks,thebraveMarspioneerswillalsohavetobereadytodealwithallkindsofmedicalemergencies.Commoncoldsandheadachesmaybeeasytodealwithmedication.Tohelpthemwithmoreseriousissues,likesevereskinburnsorbonefractures,scientistsfromtheDresdenUniversityofTechnology(TUD)havedevelopeda3Dbio­printercapableofproducinghumantissueinspace.3Dbio­printersaresimilartotraditional3Dprinterswithonekeydifference.Insteadofcreatingobjectsfrommaterialslikeplastic,theydepositlayersofbiomaterial,madelargelyfromlivingcells,tobuildcomplexhumantissue.Sincetherawmaterialisnotreadilyavailable,researchersbeginbytakingafewcellsfromtherequiredorgan,suchaslungorskin,andcultivating(培育)theminthelaboratory.Onceenoughcellshavebeengenerated,theyareusedtocreate“bio­ink，”whichisloadedintotheprinter.This,asyoucanimagine,isnoeasytask,anddespitetryingformanyyears,scientistshavestillnotbeenabletoregeneratehumanorgansforwidespreaduse.Bio­printinginspacehasevenmorechallenges.Thebiggestisfindingcellstocultivateandcreatetherequiredbio­ink.TheTUDscientistsbelievethedifficultycanbeovercomebyusingcellsfromtheinjuredastronaut.“Usingbiomaterialfromtheastronautsthemselvesalsoeliminatestheriskoftransplantrejection，”saysNievesCuboMateo,abio­printingspecialistatTUD.TheTUDresearchers,whorevealedthefirstbio­printedboneandskinsamples,believethatoncedeveloped,thetechnologycouldhelpastronautstreatacuteinjuries.TommasoGhidini,headofESA'sStructures,MechanismsandMaterialsDivisionsays,“Carryingenoughmedicalsuppliesforallpossibilitieswouldbeimpossibleinthelimitedspaceandmassofaspacecraft.Instead,a3Dbio­printingcapabilitywillletthemrespondtomedicalemergenciesastheyarise.”5．Whatmakes3Dbio­printersdifferentfromtraditional3Dprinters?A．Theefficiencyofwork.B．Theprincipleofoperation.C．Theprogresstomakeobjects.D．Thematerialusedtomakeobjects.6．Whatisthebiggestobstacleofusingbio­printinginspace?A．Howtogetrawmaterial.B．Howtoreducetheriskofrejection.C．Howtodealwithmoreseriousissues.D．Howtotakecellsfromtheinjuredastronaut.7．Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword“eliminates”inparagraph4?A．Increases.B．Removes.C．Takes.D．Assesses.8．What'sTommasoGhidini'sattitudeto3Dbio­printer?A．Doubtful.B．Supportive.C．Objective.D．Indifferent.Ⅱ.七选五ThereisanEnglishsayingthatgoes,“Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.”HighSchoolMusicalstarZacEfronislaughingalotthesedays.__1__Becausehewasalwaysthesmallestinhisclassandwaslaughedatbecausehehadabigspacebetweenhisteeth.Insixthgrade,Efron'sbasketballteamwantedtowinthechampionship.Inovertime,withthreesecondsleft,hegrabbedtheballbutpassedittothewrongteam!__2____3__Nowat21,EfronisoneofPeopleMagazine's100MostBeautifulPeople,graces(荣登)thecoverofEntertainmentWeekly,Hollywood'smostinfluentialmagazine,andistravelingtheworldpromotingthethirdHighSchoolMusicalfilm.DirectorAdamShankmandescribedEfronas“arguablythebiggestteenstarinAmericarightnow”.Simplygoogle“ZacEfron”，andyougetmorethan14millionresponses.Yes,itseemsEfronhasalottosmileaboutthesedays.EfronwasbornandraisedinCalifornia.__4__AccordingtoEfron,“Hewouldflipout(发疯)ifhegotaBandnotanAinschool,andhewasaclassclown.”Itwashisfatherwhoencouragedhimtoact.__5__Healsotooksinginglessons.Hegraduatedfromhighschoolin2006andwasacceptedattheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniatostudyfilm.Butheputitoff—whynotstudymovieswhenyoucanstarinthem?Efronhasrisenallthewaytothetopofthemoviebusiness.Andhecannowlaughallthewaytothebank.A．Heowedhissuccessalottohisfather.B．Buthistory,astheysay,isathingofthepast.C．Hetookpartinschoolperformancesandactedinalocaltheater.D．Whenhewasyoung,Efronwasanunqualifiedbasketballplayer.E．Hetookschoolseriously.F．Theyscoredandhisteamlostthegame.G．Asayoungboy,Efronwaspickedonbyhisclassmates.课时作业(二)Ⅰ.阅读理解A【语篇解读】作者通过比尔·盖茨和通用汽车公司总裁的幽默谈话向我们讲解并描述了“笑”的作用：促进身体健康，增加反抗疾病的实力。1．答案与解析：D主旨大意题。综观全文可以看出，文章通过一个幽默引出了笑的作用：可以增进我们的身体健康，增加反抗疾病的实力。2．答案与解析：B细微环节理解题。文章第一段的“Ifautomotivetechnologyhad...insteadofaV­8”用的是虚拟语气，故该句中的描述与事实不符。3．答案与解析：A词义揣测题。该词的意思应和此句前面的“Jokes(笑话)”以及后面的“comedians(喜剧演员)”接近，故选A。而“tragedies(悲剧)”“bodylanguage(身势语)”“fictions(小说)”均不在此列。4．答案与解析：B推理推断题。由最终一段的后半部分尤其是“Inthisarticle,we'll...”可以看出，该文是一篇文章的引言，用来吸引读者，介绍文章的内容。B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲解并描述了为了帮助宇航员在太空解决严峻的皮肤烧伤或骨折的问题，来自德累斯顿理工高校(TUD)的科学家开发了一种能够在太空中产生人体组织的3D生物打印机。5．答案与解析：D细微环节理解题。依据其次段的“3Dbio­printersaresimilartotraditional3Dprinterswithonekeydifference.Insteadofcreatingobjectsfrommaterialslikeplastic,...”可知，这款生物打印机与传统的区分在于：打印的原材料不同。故选D项。6．答案与解析：A细微环节理解题。依据第三段的“Thebiggestisfindingcellstocultivateandcreatetherequiredbio­ink.”可知，在太空运用生物打印机的最大困难是怎么找到打印原材料。故选A项。7．答案与解析：B词义揣测题。依据第四段中“Usingbiomaterialfromtheastronautsthemselvesalsoeliminatestheriskoftransplantrejection.”可知，此处是说用宇航员自己的生物材料也可以消退排异的风险。故选B项。8．答案与解析：B推理推断题。依据最终一段的“Instead,a3Dbio­printingcapabilitywillletthemrespondtomedicalemergenciesastheyarise.”可推知，TommasoGhidini对于3D生物打印机是很赞同的。故选B项。Ⅱ.七选五【语篇解读】本文主要阐述了谚语“Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.(笑到最终的人才笑得最好)”，并通过ZacEfron的故事进行说明。【高频词汇】1.promotev.促进；推销2.grad