2024年中考英语语法专题复习介词

中考语法专题复习介词精讲精练

语法知识

常用介词用法

L表示时间的介词

表示年、月、口、时刻等用口诀记忆如下：

at,in,ono

At时间点，in指月、季、年，有on必有天，特定早午晚用on来接

连。具体解析如下：

1)at用于表示时刻，Iwenttobedateleveno'clocklastnight.

固定短语：atnoonatnightatpresent

2)in用于表示一段时间多用在月份，季节，年份

如，inDecember\inspring,in1970,

固定短语：inthemorning/afternoon/evening/night

3)on用于表示某日具体到某一天，星期几，节日等。

如，onSunday,Women'sDayisOnMarch8th

4)特定的早,午，晚(在morning,afternoon,evening,night前有修

饰词时，用on)

如，onSundaymorning,ontheafternoonofMarch8"，onacold

night

其他表示时间的介词：

1).before:在之前e.g.Turnoffthelightsbeforeleavingthe

room.

2).after:在•••.之后e.g.Springesafterwinter.

3),by:在之前，不迟于e.g.BythetimeIgotthebusstop,thebus

hadleft.

4),Until,till:直到•••.为止常用结构：notuntil.

e.g.Ididn'tgotobeduntil10:00lasnight.

5).for:达….之久(表示过了多少时间,多用howlong提问)

e.g.Ihavehadthebikefortwoyears.

6).during:在…期间

e.g.Hewokemanytimesduringthenight.

7)since:自从….以来后多加过去时间点。

e.g.Ihavehadthebikesincetwoyearsago.

8).in+一段时间，表示过….后(未来时间，多用howsoon提问)

e.g.Howsoonwillyoueback?

Iwillebackinthreedays.

2,表示地点、方向的介词

表示场所的介词：at,in,on,under,below,near,by,betweenand,

among,around,round,infrontof,behind,acrossfrom,nextto

e.g.Therearemanytreesaroundthelake.

【注】表示“某地在….里”时要用in；表示“某地在另外一地某方向”

时要用on或to；如果两地有空间距离(不接壤)时，必须用to.如，

TaiwanisinthesoutheastofChina.台湾位于中国的东南部。

TaiwanistothesouthofFujian台湾在福建的南部。

LaiwuisontheeastofTaian莱芜在泰安的东部。

表示方向的介词：in,into,outof,along:down,across,through,

to,towards,for,from,over,by,past

e.g.Youmustputthedirtypaperinthebasket.

【注】across和through的区别：across从的表面穿过，through从

的内部穿过。表示游渡，乘船过海或过河时用across.如，

Theriverrunsthroughthecity.Goacrossthebidge,you'IIfindthe

park

3,表示原因的介词短语becauseof

e.g.Becauseofherillnessmygrandmastayedinbedforaweek.

【注】because,becauseof的区别:because是连词后接从句,如，

mygrandmastayedinbedforaweekbecauseshewasill.

4,with,in,on

3表示手段和材料等用法的介词:with,i"by

l),with：和…在一起，带有、具有，用某种具体工具、材料或人体器

官

Ibelieveitwithmyeyes.Heiscuttingpaperwithaknife.CanIwrite

theexampaperwitnapen

2),in：以…形式，以…方式；用…语言/声音，表示穿衣着，用墨水、

颜料等原料等。e.g.ShekeepsadiaryinEnglish.

3)by:用手段或方式。如，Theoldmanhadtomakealivingby

sellingvegetables

在交通工具前加介词by,但不能再有任何指示代词或冠词，否则要

改换相应的介词。

bytaxi=inataxibytrain=inatrainbybike=onabikebyship=on

ashipbyboat=inaboat

bybus=onabusbyplane=onaplanebyair空运byland陆运

bysea海运onfoot

5,表示“由….制成”的介词:of,from

1)of:表示成品看得出原材料e.g.Thetableismadeofwood.

2)from:表示成品看不出原材料e.g.Thiskindofpaperismade

fromwood.

6,beside,besides,exept

beside是"在……旁边”,：Thestudentsstoodbesidetheirteachers.

而besides是“除……之外，不仅……而且……,除了……以外还有……",如：

IstudiedEnglishbesidesFrench,whenIwasincollege,而excep:则

是除之外(不再有)，如：IehereeverydayexceptSunday.

Everyoneelseinmyclasswasinvitedexceptme.

7.表示其他的介词:without,like,as,against等

1)without:没有e.g.Herushedtotheofficewithouthavinghis

breakfast.

2)like:像,如,跟—样e.g.What*shelike?

3)as:作为e.g.Heisfamousasascientisthere.

4)against:靠着，反对e.g.Don'tstandagainstthedoor.Weare

againstbuildinganewzooinourcity.

即时训练

一、基础知识训练：你能写出下列含有介词的短？

1.寻找2.照顾3渴望

4.在…查找5.翻阅，浏览6.穿上；上演

7举起，张贴8拜访；号召9打

10招来;叫来11.对…友好12.与…不同

13.害怕14.受...欢迎15.对…感兴趣

16.对...惊讶17.对某人生气18.对...感到自豪

19对某人严格20对某事严格21对…有好处

22.擅长于…23.对有办法24.对…有把握

25.由…构成26.忙于27.装满了的

28.覆盖着29.因…著名30.作为…有名

31.反对担忧32.处于困境/危险中33.对心存感激

34.渴望；渴求35.对负责任36.与某人相处（融洽）

37为…作准备38.习惯于39妨碍

40.起飞，脱下41参与，参加42同意（意见、想法）

43.拾起，捡起,44.减少；砍到45切碎

46.时间流逝47.提出；想出（主意，办法）48.放弃

49.与…交朋友50编造51.爱上（某人）

52.出发、启程53.创办、搭起54算出，解决

55保守秘密56.在……某方面干得好57.在某方面帮助某人

58.帮助解决困难/走出困境59.嘲笑60唤醒

61.向……要......,请求62.付……的款63.注意

64.动身去……65.与相撞66.听说

67.收到……来信68.分发69.拒绝

二、用适当介词填空完成句子。

1.一Howcanweprotectourselvestheearthquake?

—Weshouldstaycalmfirst.

2.We9llplaybasketballClass3tomorrow.

3—Aperson'slifeislikearoadlotsofdifficulties.

-Yes,soweneedpositiveenergy.

4.Mother'sDayisthesecondSundayinMayintheUnited

States.

5.Yousee,Keviniswritinghislefthand.

6.Aconversationawisepersonisworthten,years'studyof

books.

7.1sometimeshelpmymomherhousework.Saturdays.

8.Mr.Green'sofficeis.the26thfloor.Youcantakethelife

there.

9.theexam,we'llsaygoodbyetoourdearteachers,classmatesas

wellasourbeautifulschool.

10.一Whattimedoyouusuallygotoschool,Jack?

—abouthalfpastseven.

11.Theyusuallygoshoppingtheirlunchbreak.

12.一Whatwouldyoulikeyourafternoontea?

—Justacupofcoffeesomesugarandmilk.

13.一WouldyoupleasetellmethewaytothePacificHotel?

——Gothepostoffice,andyouwillfinditontheleft.

14.Meimeiisabeautifulgirlbigeyesanddarkhair.

15.0nMay10th,ahorsewasfoundrunninghappilythebusy

streetinBeijing.

16.Cambridgeisasmallcity.theeastofEngland.

17.Momalwaystellsmethatnothingcanbelearnedhardwork.

18.Someworkersinthatfactoryhavetoworknight.

19.allhispocketmoney,Danboughtapresentforhismotheron

Mother'sDay.

20.AshipfromSouthKoreasankintotheseaApril16,2014.

21.—HowsoonwillhisfatherebackfromLondon?

-aweek.

22.Now,peopleregarddrinkingteaaculturethanahabit.

23.-WhatcanIdoforyou?

—IhopeIhavean.icehouseabiggarden.

24.Gina,what'sthisEnglish?

25.—Excuseme.Iwonderifyoucanprovidemesome

informationaboutthefantasticsightshere.

一Sure.Withpleasure.

26.Don'tgotoschoolbreakfast.It'sabadhabit.

27.WhendidyoucbacktoEnshi?

theafternoonofMay1st.

28.—Excuseme.Couldyou.tellmethewaythenearest

supermarket?

一Godownthestreetandturnleft.Thenyou'11seeit.

29.ManycitiesinChina,Beijing,havebeendeeplyaffected

bydirtierair.

3().-Hurryup!ThereJsabusing!

-Whyrun?Therewillbeanotheronetwoorthreeminutes.

三、阅读填空。根据短文内容及所给提示，在文中的空白处填写

一个正确的单词。

HaveyoueverreadAndersen'sfairytaleTheUglyDuckling(丑小

鸭)？DoyouknowthathismotherlandisDenmark?It

1.(lie)innorthernEurope.Letmetellyousomething

aboutit.

YoucanfindalmostanyfastfoodinDenmark,such2.

hamburgersandhotdogs.Danishopenfacedsandwichesarenot

onlydelicious,butalsoprettyandfun.Theyareworksofart.

Tastingsomeisanexperiencethatshouldn't?.(miss)

“Lego^^toyswerecreatedinDenmark.Thetoysweremade

4.woodbefore.BuildingwithLegoshelpsstudents

learnaboutengineering,physicsandtechnologyinafunway.In

1968,the5.(one)Legolandthemeparkopenedin

Billund,Demnark.Today,thereareLegolandparksinCalifornia,

Florida,Malaysia,Dubai,Windsor,JapanandGermany.

BicyclingispopularinDenmark.NineoutoftenDaneshavea

bike.Theyridetheirbikes6.whattheweather.They

aren'tjustridingbikes7.fun.Theyusebikestogetto

work,totake8.(they)kidstoplaces,andeventocarry

goods.Today,moreandmorepeoplearechoosingbikesovercars.

Theyhave9.sayinginDenmark:"AbicycleisaDane's

bestfriend.

DenmarkiscalledthelandoffairytalesAndersen'sanother

popularfairytaleisTheLittleMermaid(美人鱼).TheLittle

Mermaidstatue(周隹塑)hasbeenregardedasDenmark'smost

famouslandmark10.1913.TheDanesbelievethat

shebringsthemgoodluck.

参考答案

一、1.lookfor2.lookafter(=takecareof)3.lookforwardto

4.lookup5.lookthrough6.puton

7.putup8.callon9.callup

10.callin11.befriendly/kindto12上edifferentfrom

13.beafiaidof14.bepopularwith15.beinterestedin

16.besurprisedat17.beangrywithl8.beproudof(=takepridein)

19.bestrictwith20.bestrictin2l.begoodfor

22.begoodat23.begoodwith24,besureof/about

25.bemadeoffrom26.bebusywithsth27.befullof/filledwith

28.becoveredwith29.befamous/knownfor

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