2024年中考英语二轮复习语法讲义 介词

介词

一、时间介词

世纪、年、月、季、周、inMay;in2023;insummerjinthe

早、中、晚前面用in；morning

inin+一段时间，表在一段时

间以后，用于一般将来Myfatherwillcomebackin2hours.

时。

in&at&on星期，几月几号（具体的

onMonday;onJune1st

on某一天）

一有描述就用ononacoldmorning

钟点，时刻atseveno'clock

atatnoon,atnight;atdusk,atdawn,at

固定搭配

theageof

for+时间段，表示行为状

for态持续了多久，常与现在Hehaslivedherefor3years.

完成时连用

for&since

since+时间点/句子,与

Hehaslivedheresince3years

since延续性动词的现在完成

ago./sincehewasachild.

时连用。

before+时间点/表示时间Myfatherwillcomebackbeforemy

before&afbefore

的名词“在…之前”birthday.

ter

after1.+时间点/表示时间的名Iwillplaysoccerwithmyfriends

词,与将来时连用，“在…之after17:00.

后”

2.+时间段与过去时连Theyfinishedtheworkaftertwo

用,“在…之后”years.

from开始时间fromnowon;fromthenon

1.+将来时间点“截止到…

Imustarrivethereby10o*clock.

为止”与将来时连用

by

2.+过去时间点“截止到…Wehadlearned1000wordsbythe

/为止”与过去完成时连用endofthisterm.

1.用于肯定句“直到..为

Iwaitedforyouuntil10o'clock.

止

until

2•用于否定句；常考

Ididn'tgotobeduntilten.

not…until…"直到…才’

二、地点介词

in+大地点（洲名/国家名/

ininBeijing/China

城市名）

in&at&onat+小地点（车站/电影院/Judyarrivesatthecompany（公司）

at

学校）al7:00am.

on在...表面（接触）Thepaintingisonthewall.

in包含与被包含AnhuiisinthemiddleofChina.

地域介词on相接RussiaisonthenorthofChina.

to相离JapanliestotheeastofChina.

onthe

所属关系Theapplesareonthetree.

树上介词tree

inthetree外来关系Somebirdsaresinginginthetree.

inthewall镶在墙里（钉子）/

墙上介词onthe挂在表面（钟表/海报/日Thereisacalendarhangingonthe

wall历）wall

onthe

可以站起来onthebike/train/plane

bike

车上介词inthecar不能站起来inthecar

by+交通工

/byair;bysea;bycar/train/plane

具

sb+in+衣衣服、颜色、款式、尺寸

Youlookverybeautifulinred.

服等

身上介词

衣服

/Thedresslooksbeautifulonyou.

+on+sb

注意：在无参照物的情况下，东西南北用in,左右用on;顶部/底部用at

三、方位介词

in在…里面Nineeggsareinthebox.

on在…表面Thereisanappleonthedesk.

在…位置Apieceofpaperisbeneaththe

beneath在卜方（接触）

desk.

over在垂直正上方（不接触）abridgeovertheriver

under在垂直IE下方（不接触）abikeunderthetree

above在上方;高于（不接触）Abirdisflyingabovemyhead.

below在下方;低于（不接触）Thetemperaturedropsbelowzero.

Thelibraryisoppositethepost

opposite在…对面

office.

behind在…后面HesitsbehindTom.

infrontof在……前面（外部）Acarisinfrontofthehouse.

inthefrontAmanisdrivinginthefrontofthe

在……前面（内部）

ofcar.

near在••附近Mydreamhomeisnearthesea.

around在..周围showsb.aroundtheschool

在…周围/

beside在••旁边standbesidethedoor

旁

by在•・旁边1likereadingbooksbythewindow

nextto紧挨着Hesitsnexttothewindow

among在…之间（＞3）1likejoggingamongallthesports.

在…之间

between在…之间（=2）HesitsbetweenTomandMarry.

四、动态介词

window/door/forest/clouds/crowds/t

through穿过（内部）

unnel

五过介词street/road/bridge/river/China/countr

across穿过（表面）

y

over通过（上方/顶部）Thebridgeisovertheriver.

past通过(旁边)Wewillwalkpastthechurch.

along沿着Pleasegoalongthisstreet.

forfor+目的地IwillleaveShanghaiforBeijing

for&fromfromfrom+出发地Iw川travelfromBeijingtoXiamen.

&to&towatoto+目的地IwilltravelfromBeijingtoXiamen.

rd&alongtoward(s)朝向Heisrunningtowardthelibrary.

along沿着Pleasegoalongthisstreet.

onto到…上Heknockedmybooksontothefloor.

into进入…里Pleaseputtheeggsintothebox.

onto&into

outof出来Herunoutoftheroomquickly.

&off&awa

off脱离Thepowerwascutoffsuddenly.

y

Thethiefranawayfromthe

away远离

supermarket.

五、方式介词

inin+材料、语言ShecansingasonginEnglish.

withwith+one's/冠词+工具Wewritesomethingwithapen.

It'sgoodtorelaxbylisteningto

用…byby+doing

music.

Doctorscantreatpatientsthrough

throughthroughsth

videos.

六、其他介词

除了besides除…之外，还有(n+1)WeallsupportTombesidesour

Englishteachers.

Wealltookpartinthecompetition

except除…之外（n・1）

exceptTom.

Yourworkisperfectexceptforafew

exceptfor除…之外（美中不足）

mistakes.

but除…之外不再有（1）Nobodycanhelpusbutourselves.

with&withwith和..一起；具有，带有Ilikethecakewithstrawberries.

out&withiwithout没有，无Iwenttoschoolwithoutbreakfast.

nwithin在…之内Iwillbebackwithin10minutes.

Ifs+adjofsb形容词形容人It*skindofyoutohelpme.

of/forsbIt'simportantforustosparesome

forsb形容词形容事/物

todosth.timetodosports.

Wew川playbasketballagainst

对抗，打比赛

C