专项突破17 现在完成时时-备战2023年中考英语高频考点专项突破【考点详解+真题】（原卷版）

专项17现在进行时备战2023年中考英语精选考点专项突破常见考法：对于现在完成时的考查，多以单选、句型转换或词语运用的形式考查学生在具体语境中灵活运用时态的能力。在考试中，会让大家判断是否该用现在完成时，或者是考查＂瞬间动词不能与表示一段时间的状语连用＂这一知识点。现在完成时基本结构：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词①肯定句：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+宾语.②否定句：主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词）+宾语.③一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+宾语.④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词（V-ed）+其他）过去分词变化规则如下：1.规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。变化规则有四点：（1）一般动词，在词尾直接加＂-ed＂。work→worked→worked visit→visited→visited（2）以＂e＂结尾的动词，只在词尾加＂-d＂。live→lived→lived（3）以＂辅音字母+y＂结尾的动词，将＂y＂变为＂i＂，再加＂-ed＂。study→studied→studied cry→cried→cried（4）重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加＂-ed＂。stop→stopped→stopped drop→dropped→dropped2.不规则动词变化需参看不规则动词表逐一熟记。cut→cut→cut it→hit→hit现在完成时用法1.现在完成时用来表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果。也就是说，动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在，强调的是现在。Ihavealreadypostedthephoto.我已经把照片寄走了。强调post对现在的影响＂照片不在这里＂。2.现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的、持续到现在的动作(用行为动词表示)或状态(be动词表示)，常与for(+时间段)，since(+时间点或过去时的句子)连用，谓语动词必须是延续性动词。如：Hehaslivedheresince1978.自从1978年以来，他一直住在这儿。(动作起始于1978年，一直住到现在，可能还要继续住下去。)注意：for和since的用法。①for+时间段译为：……时间②since+过去一个时间点(译为：自从……以来)③since+时间段+ago④since+从句(过去时)⑤Itis+时间段+since+从句(过去时)注意：瞬间动词(buy,die,join,lose...)与for或since引导的时间段连用时，要改变成延续性动词。变化如下：come/arrive/reach/getto→bein goout→beout finish→beoveropen→beopen die→bedead buy→haveFallill→beill Comeback→beback Puton→beon/wearWorry→beworried Catchacold→haveacold现在完成时连用的时间状语现在完成时是一个与过去和现在都有关系的时态，因此，具有这样时间特点的状语都可以与现在完成时连用。1.与表示一段时间的状语连用，如＂for+时间段＂，＂since+时间点＂。如：Wehavelivedinthiscityformorethan40years.我们在这个城市已生活了40多年。Wehavelivedinthiscitysince1958.我们从1958年起就住在这个城市里。从以上两个例句我们可以看出，与表示一段时间的状语连用时，谓语动词常为stay,live,teach,learn,work,sleep,read,wait,keep等具有延续意义的动词。2.与笼统地表示过去的时间状语连用，如already,never,ever,just等。如：I’vejustfoundthislibrarybook.我刚刚找到这本图书馆的书。Howbeautifullyshesings!Ihaveneverheardabettervoice.她唱得多美啊！我还从来没听到过比这更优美的嗓音。3.与表示包含过去和现在的一整段时间的状语连用，如lately,recently,inthepastfewyears,thesefewyears,thesedays,uptonow,sofar等。如：Howhaveyoubeenrecently?你近来状况如何？Thefamouswriterhaswrittenanewbookinthepasttwoyears.那位著名的作家在过去两年的时间里写了一本新书。Haveyouseenherparentsthesedays?这些天你看见她的父母了吗？TheBrownshavevisitedalotofplacesinChinasofar.迄今为止，布朗一家已经参观了中国的许多地方。注意：现在完成时不能与单纯表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday,lastweek,in2002,threedaysago等现在完成时与一般过去时区别1.侧重点不同现在完成时和一般过去时所表示的动作都发生在过去，但它们所强调的重点不同：现在完成时侧重于对现在的影响；而一般过去时侧重于某一动作发生在过去某个时间或某段时间，即现在完成时侧重于现在的结果，而一般过去时侧重于动作发生的时间。如：Ihaveseenthefilm.我看过这部电影。（现在我仍记得电影的内容）Isawthefilmthreedaysago.三天前我看了这部电影。（强调是三天前，而不是别的什么时候看的电影）MrGreenhasboughtanewcomputer.格林先生买了一台新电脑。（着重点是格林先生现在有了一台新电脑）MrGreenboughtanewcomputeryesterday.格林先生昨天买了一台新电脑。（强调的是格林先生买新电脑的时间是昨天）2.时间状语不同现在完成时常与already，yet，just，ever，never，before等副词以及＂for+段时间＂，＂since+过去时间/从句＂等时间状语连用；而一般过去时则常与＂时间段+ago＂，justnow，yesterday，lastweek等表示过去的时间状语连用。如：Shehaslivedheresincetwoyearsago.她两年前就住在这里了。Shelivedheretwoyearsago.两年前她住在这里。HehasbeenintheLeagueforthreeyears.他入团已经三年了。Tomwrotealettertohisparentslastnight.昨晚汤姆给他的父母写了封信。1．（2022·广西桂林·中考真题）TheGreens________inGuilinforsixyears.A．havelived B．lived C．live2．（2022·四川四川·中考真题）Tom,you________inthiscitysince2019.Whatdoyouthinkofit?A．havelived B．live C．lived D．willlive3．（2022·上海·中考真题）Thenewrestaurant_______twosurveysonitsfoodandservicesinceJune.A．isdoing B．willdo C．did D．hasdone4．（2022·江苏盐城·中考真题）Millie________alotaboutsea-saltculturesinceshecametoYancheng.A．learns B．learned C．willlearn D．haslearned5．（2022·四川·巴中市教育科学研究所中考真题）—It’sreportedthatanewhigh-speedrailwaywillbefinishedinrecentyearsinourhometown,Bazhong.—Yes.Greatchanges________sinceIworkedhere.A．willtakeplace B．weretakenplace C．havetakenplace D．tookplace6．（2022·江苏南通·中考真题）—Mike,whydoyoucomeheresolate?Theconcert________sincehalfanhourago.—Whatapity!Nowonderallthesingershaveleft.A．hasended B．hasbeenon C．hasstarted D．hasbeenover7．（2022·山东滨州·中考真题）—WhatistheTripCode(行程码)usedfor？—It’susedtoshowwhereyou________inthelast14days.A．were B．willbe C．havebeen D．hadbeen8．（2022·贵州黔西·中考真题）Ourschoollife________alotsince2021.Wehavemoreactivitiesnow.A．change B．ischanging C．haschanged D．willchange9．（2022·辽宁大连·中考真题）Sally________withaChinesefamilysinceshecametoDalian.A．stays B．willstay C．hasstayed D．wasstaying10．（2022·辽宁沈阳·中考真题）TheArtofWarisgreatandI________itmanytimessofar.A．read B．haveread C．amreading D．willread11．（2022·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）—Yourwatchissocool!Whendidyougetit?—Onmy12thbirthday.I________itfor3years.A．bought B．havehad C．havebought12．（2022·广西柳州·中考真题）—I________inLondonformanyyears.—YouhaveneverregrettedmovingbacktoChina,haveyou?A．lived B．wasliving C．havelived13．（2022·北京·中考真题）Jim_________alotaboutChineseculturesincehebegantostudyinourschool.A．learns B．learned C．willlearn D．haslearned14．（2022·内蒙古包头·中考真题）Christine________thefamily’sSundaylunchsinceshewas12yearsold.A．cooks B．cooked C．willcook D．hascooked15．（2022·贵州铜仁·中考真题）—Mike,whyareyoustandingoutdoors?—I______mykeys.Ihavetowaithereuntilmymothercomesback.A．havelost B．willlose C．hadlost D．lose16．（2022·湖北鄂州·中考真题）—WouldyouliketoseethemovieChangjinLakethisevening?—Oh,it’sagoodmovie.ButI_________italready.A．saw B．haveseen C．see D．willsee17．（2022·河北·中考真题）Sorry,I________amistake.Letmecorrectit.A．willmake B．ammaking C．wasmaking D．havemade18．（2022·黑龙江黑龙江·中考真题）Thepublicplaces,suchasrestaurantsandcinemas,________sinceCOVID-19sweptthecityagainlastmonth.A．havebeenclosed B．haveclosed C．closed19．（2022·贵州黔东南·中考真题）—Where’sMr.Yang?—He________LongquanMountaininDanzhai.He________therethreetimesbecauseheenjoysthelocalscenery.A．hasgoneto;hasbeen B．hasgoneto;hasgonetoC．hasbeento;hasgone D．hasbeento;hasbeento20．（2022·福建·中考真题）Since2021,ourschool________allkindsofafter-schoolservicesforstudents.A．provides B．isproviding C．hasprovided21．（2022·山东·曹县教学研究室二模）—Iseveryonehere,Jonathan?—No,Sir.Millieisabsent.She________fortwodays.A．hasfallenill B．hasbeenill C．wasill22．（2022·湖北孝感·模拟预测）—Thecomputerlookssoold.Whendidyoubuyit?—Myfather________itfortenyears.A．hashad B．hasbought C．havehad D．havebought23．（2022·河北·石家庄市第四十二中学模拟预测）Alice________morethan300beautifulleaves.Wecan’twaittoseethem.A．collect B．collected C．willcollect D．hascollected24．（2022·福建·莆田砺青中学一模）Recently,LiuGenghong_______popularfromthefitnesswaveonDouyin.A．became B．hasbecome C．isbecoming25．（2022·甘肃·永昌县教学研究室一模）Whenthedoctorarrived,thepatient_________forjustoneminute.A．hasdied B．haddied C．hasbeendead D．hadbeendead26．（2022·黑龙江佳木斯·三模）Thechildhas________for2hoursandwecan________.A．beenasleep,wakehimupB．fallenasleep,wakeuphimC．fallensleepy,wakehimup27．（2022·四川乐山·模拟预测）TheshopinShihaoShoppingMall_________fortwoyears,butIhaven’tbeentheresofar.A．hasopened B．hasbeenopen C．hasbeenopened28．（2022·上海金山·二模）Myelderbrother________asasystemengineerinthecompanysincefiveyearsago.A．worked B．willwork C．hasworked D．hadworked29．（2022·广西·河池市宜州区教育局教学研究室二模）—ItwillbeTina’sturntoperformattheshowsoon,butIcan’tfindher.Doyouknow________?—Imetherinthewashroomjustnow.A．whereshewent B．wheredidshego C．whereshehasgone D．wherehasshegone30．（2022·湖北·鄂州市教学研究室一模）—Isyourauntadoctorinthishospital?—Yes,she________herefornearlytenyears.A．works B．hasworked C．isworking D．willwork31．（2022·江苏南通·二模）—Juli,thesedaysWeiDongyifromPekingUniversity________people’sattention.—Yes.Heisfamousforhissimplelifestyleandhismathsresearch.A．catches B．caughtC．hascaught D．wascatching32．（2022·天津河北·二模）Mygrandparents________taijiquanforayearnowandtheyarebothinexcellentcondition.A．played B．willplay C．haveplayed D．wereplaying33．（2022·内蒙古包头·二模）We________quitealotofworkforthemorning,nowlet’stakeabreak.A．aredoing B．willdo C．havedone D．weredoing34．（2022·江苏·沭阳如东实验学校二模）—MayIborrowyournew-boughtbookTheDiaryofaYoungGirl?—I’mafraidnot.I_________onlyhalfofit,andI’lltrytofinishitthisweekend.A．read B．amreading C．haveread D．willread35．（2022·辽宁省实验学校赤山校区一模）Lucy______herefor5yearsandsheha