上海市四校2024-2025学年高一上学期期中联考英语试卷(含答案解析)_第1页
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高一英语(考试时间120分钟满分150分)I.ListeningComprehension(10+15)SectionA(10’)Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Atashop.B.Inacar.C.Inaplane.D.Onafarm.2.A.Customerandshopassistant.B.Trainerandtrainee.C.Customerandtravelagent.D.Sailorandtourist.3.A.$2.B.$1.5.C.$3.D.$3.5.4.A.Atravelagency.B.Salesstrategies.C.Ajobopportunity.D.Tournews.5.A.Sheisverybusy.B.Shedislikesparties.C.Shehasaninvitationalready.D.Shequestionstheman’spurpose.6.A.Theclubmembersaren’tavailable.B.TheInternetdoesn’twork.C.Shedoesn’thavetimetodoit.D.Theemailhasn’tbeenready.7.A.Sheisgoingtomissherfirstclass.B.Sheprefersgoingtothedentistlaterintheday.C.Themanwillbebackbeforehisfirstclass.D.Themanmightsleeplateandmisshisappointment.8.A.Shecouldhelpthemanalot.B.She’sneverbeentothecity.C.Sheknowsthecityverywell.D.Shedoesn’tremembermuchaboutthecity.9.A.Hewassorryforthewoman’sabsence.B.Hewashappyaboutthewoman’sabsence.C.Hesuggestedthewomanbringherdaughter.D.Hesuggestedthewomanvisittheuniversity.10.A.Themanforgottogotothecinemawiththewoman.B.Bothofthespeakersenjoyedthefilm.C.Anexcitingfilmwillbeonnextweek.D.Thewomanwasinterestedinexploringspace.SectionB(15’)Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Theirprojecthaslastedforayear.B.Theirprojectisapartoftheirresearch.C.TheywerebornandbredinNewYork.D.Theylikedtotalktostrangerswhenyoung.12.A.Ambitious.B.Difficult.C.Creative.D.Well-prepared.13.A.TwopsychologistsconductfieldresearchonNewYorkstreets.B.Twoyoungmenlistentopeopleandgivethemtheirsuggestions.C.Twopsychologistshelpsolvepeople’sproblemswithwhattheylearn.D.Twoyoungpeopleencouragepeopletotalktothem,believingitcanhelp.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.MarkZuckerbergandBillGatesaremiddlechildren.B.Competitiveandflexiblepersonalitiesdecidetheirsuccess.C.Theysharetheidealisticpersonalitiesandpursueperfection.D.Theirsensitivitytothesurroundingsleadstotheirachievement.15.A.Scientists.B.Chiefexecutiveofficials.C.Artists.D.Classicalmusicplayers.16.A.Familysizeplaysapart.B.Birthorderaffectspersonality.C.Birthorderinfluencescareerpaths.D.Howpeopleachievetheirsuccess.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.17.A.Becauseoftheirdurability.B.Becausetheyaresymbolsofstatus.C.Becauseofthetrendinfashion.D.Becausetheylookquiteappealing.18A.Themanwasthecreatorofjeans.B.Themanappliedforapatentforjeans.C.Levi’sledtothepopularityofjeans.D.Levi’sledtoafloodoffakeproducts.19.A.Theyaredurableandwasheasily.B.Theyappearonsexandviolenceads.C.Theywinthefavorofmanywomenliberalists.D.Theyareinfluencedbycowboystyleandrebelliousspirit.20.A.Theadvantagesofjeans.B.ThecultureofwesternAmerica.C.Thehistoryofjeans.D.Thechangeofjeans.II.GrammarandVocabulary(30+10)SectionA(30’)Directions:BeneatheachofthefollowingsentencestherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,choosetheoneanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.1.Don’tpanic!IhavecheckedthescheduleonlineandourtraintoBeijing__________at11:00.Westillhave2hourstogo.A.willleave B.isgoingtoleave C.istoleave D.leaves【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意:别慌!我已经在线查过时刻表了,我们去北京的火车是11点出发,我们还有2个小时的时间。根据“Westillhave2hourstogo.”可知,火车还没出发,此处考查按照时刻表运行的交通工具,用一般现在时表将来,主语thetrain是第三人称单数,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故选D。2.—Oh,it’syou!I________you.—Ijust__________myhaircutandI__________mynewglasses.Isn’titnice?A.didn’trecognize;had;amwearing B.haven’trecognized;had;waswearingC.didn’trecognize;have;waswearing D.haven’trecognized;have;amwearing【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意:——哦,是你啊。我没认出你。——我刚剪了头,戴着新眼镜。是不是很好?结合语境可知,“我没认出你”发生在过去,应用一般过去时,根据just可知,“剪了头发”是刚刚发生的动作,用一般过去时;且“戴眼镜”强调现在正在进行的动作,用现在进行时,故选A。3.Helen__________herkeysintheofficesoshehadtowaituntilherhusband__________home.A.left;comes B.left;hadcome C.hadleft;came D.hadleft;wouldcome【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意:海伦把钥匙落在办公室了,所以她不得不等到她丈夫回家。根据句中“hadtowait”可知,等待的动作发生在过去,“把钥匙落在办公室”应该发生在“等待”之前,即过去的过去,故第一空应用过去完成时hadleft;第二空表示“回家”,该动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时,come应用过去式形式came。故选C。4.Hethenshuthimselfupintheroom,________nobodycomenearhim,andgotreadytoworkalone.A.letting B.tolet C.let D.beinglet【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查简单句和时态。句意:然后他把自己关在房间里,不让任何人靠近他,准备独自工作。此处let与上文shut和后文got构成并列谓语,且都为一般过去时,let的过去式为let。故选C。5.Thoughitis30years_______welastmet,Istillrememberthescene_______wegotseparatedonarainyday.A.before;where B.before;which C.since;when D.since;where【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查固定句型和定语从句。句意:虽然距最后一次见面已经过去了20年,但我仍然记得我们在下雪的那天分别的场景。第一空,Itis/hasbeen+一段时间+since从句,意为“自从……有多久了”,排除A、B;第二空,后文定语从句“wegotseparated...”不缺少成分,定语从句中已经有时间状语,不能再用when,排除C,且上文scene表示“现场,场面,场景”,在此指的是地点,应该用where引导定语从句,故选D。6.TheearlysettlersbuiltthemselveslittlehamletsandvillagesoftrueEnglishtypealloverthesesettlements,__________namestothisdayremindthemoftheirorigin.A.ofwhich B.which C.whose D.where【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:早期定居者在这些定居点到处建造了真正的英式小村庄和乡村,它们的名字至今让他们想起自己的起源。A.ofwhich其中的;B.which哪一个;C.whose谁的;D.where哪里。空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词littlehamletsandvillages,结合语意,whose作定语修饰names,对前面的hamletsandvillages进行补充说明,应用whose。故选C。7.Thecomprehensivetreatmentwillpersistuntilthepatientsuccessfullyreachesthemilestone________hedemonstratessignificantimprovementsinbothmobilityandstability.A.where B.which C.that D.after【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:综合治疗将持续进行,直到患者成功达到活动能力和稳定性都有显著改善的转折点。空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词milestone“转折点,重要阶段”,先行词在从句中表示行为发生的地点,作地点状语,应用关系副词where作引导词。故选A。8.Isthishotel__________offeredyouajob__________yougotfreeaccommodationinexchangeforworkingontheweekends?A.which;where B.theone;inwhich C.theonethat;where D.where;that【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:这家酒店是不是那家为你提供工作,让你可以在周末工作以换取免费住宿的酒店?第一空,空处用theone指代thehotel在主句中作表语,theone又作为先行词,在后面的定语从句中作主语,指物,应用that引导该限制性定语从句;第二空,空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词job,先行词在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where。故选C。9.Isthistheverymaterialone__________plastics?A.usestomake B.usedtomake C.isusedtomake D.isusedtomaking【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查定语从句,时态以及目的状语。句意:这就是人们制作塑料所用的那种材料吗?空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词theverymaterial,先行词指物,关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作use的宾语,所以可用关系代词that引导,也可省略,本句话中省略了关系代词。one在从句中作主语,意为“一个人”,use是从句的谓语动词,和主语one之间为主动关系,句子描述一般事实,所以用一般现在时态。usesth.todosth.“使用……来做……”,动词不定式作目的状语。故选A。10.Thecomputercentre,__________lastyear,hasswiftlygainedimmensepopularityamongstudentsinthisschool.A.open B.opening C.havingopened D.opened【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:去年开放的计算机中心迅速在这所学校的学生中获得了广泛的欢迎。句子已有谓语动词“hasgained”,空处应用非谓语动词作“computercentre”的后置定语,open和computercentre之间为被动关系,且动作已经完成,应用过去分词。故选D。11.Theladysaidshewouldbuyagiftforherdaughterwiththe.A20dollarsremained B.20dollarstoremainC.remained20dollars D.remaining20dollars【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查固定用法。句意:那位女士说她将用剩下的20美元,给她女儿买一个礼物。remaining和left都表示“剩下的”,但remaining作前置定语;left作后置定语。故选D。【点睛】12.Assoonassheenteredtheroom,thegirlcaughtsightoftheflowers________byhermother.A.buying B.beingbought C.werebought D.bought【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:女孩一进入房间就看见了妈妈买的花。句子谓语为caughtsightof,所以此处为非谓语动词。句中flowers和动词buy是被动关系,所以用过去分词作后置定语。故选D。13.Notofferingyoudirectassistdoesn’tmean__________you.Actually,Imeant__________youbutAlicesaiditwasbetterletyouhandleitindependently.A.alienating;tohavehelped B.toalienate;tohavehelpedC.tohavealienated;helping D.alienating;helping【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:不给你提供直接帮助并不意味着疏远你。事实上,我本想帮你的,但爱丽丝说最好让你自己处理。meandoingsth.表示“意味着做某事”;meantodosth.表示“打算做某事”。故选A。14.Societyasawholehasaresponsibilitytowardsitsweakermembers,__________asaresultofcircumstancestheycouldnotcontrol,suchasillnessanddisaster.A.peoplesuffered B.whosuffering C.peoplewhosuffer D.whensuffered【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查同位语和定语从句。句意:社会整体对它的弱势成员负有责任,这些成员因他们无法控制的情况,如疾病和灾难而遭受痛苦。空处用people作weakermembers的同位语,同时people又作为先行词,在后面的定语从句中作主语,指人,用who引导该限制性定语从句,suffer为从句中的谓语动词。故选C项。15.Onedayaprofessorenteredtheclassroomandtoldthestudentsabouta________test.Afterhearingthat,allthestudents________andwaitedforthetesttobegin.A.surprise;seated B.surprise;wereseatedCsurprising;seated D.surprising;wereseated【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词和被动语态。句意:一天,一位教授走进教室,告诉学生们要进行一次突击测试。听了这话,所有的学生都坐好了,等待考试开始。第一空修饰test,表示“突击测验”应用surprisetest;第二空主语students与seat构成被动关系,结合上文told可知为一般过去时。故选B。16.ThenIwasquitealongwayfrom__________thatthenewpolicywouldsignificantlyimprovethestatusquo,especiallyconsideringthedoubtsthat__________itfromvariousquarters.A.convincing;surrounded B.convincing;wassurroundedC.beingconvinced;surrounded D.beingconvinced;wassurrounded【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词和时态。句意:当时,我距离确信新政策将显著改善现状还有很长一段路要走,尤其是考虑到各方对新政策的质疑。第一个空为:beconvincedthat“相信,确信”置于介词之后,用动词名词形式。第二个空在陈述过去的动作,应用一般过去时,surround与主语是逻辑主谓关系,应用主动语态。故选C项。17.Withoutfacts,wecan’tformacorrectopinion,forweneedtohaveactualknowledge________ourthinking.A.whichtobebasedon B.whichtobaseonC.onwhichtobase D.whichtobase【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查定语从句和非谓语动词。句意:没有事实我们无法形成正确的观点,因为我们需要实际知识作为我们思考的基础。当定语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,可以省略从句中的部分内容.本题中定语从句完整的表达为“wearetobaseourthinkingonactualknowledge”,将先行词用关系词which代替,介词提前,省略从句中与主句相同的主语和be动词,故答案是C。18.Canyouimagine________toexplaintoaforeignerwhat“what”means________theOxfordEnglishDictionaryfivepagesandalmost15,000words?A.howbears B.thatbears C.howtakes D.thattakes【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句和谓语动词。句意:你能想象向一个外国人解释“什么”一词占了牛津英语词典5页和差不多15000个字吗?空1:此处imagine后引导宾语从句,从句中不缺少成分,且没有意思,故用that引导出来。空2:that引导的宾语从句中,toexplain为主语,此处指“花费”,使用动词take,谓语动词应用三人称单数,且此处陈述事实,故用一般现在时,故填takes。故选D。19.Though__________plastic,theseenvelopeslooklikepaperafter__________withaspecialtechniquecalled“moisturebarrier”.A.madeof;beingtreated B.beingmadeof;beingtreatedC.makingof;treated D.havingbeenmadeof;treated【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查状语从句中的省略以及非谓语动词。句意:虽然这些信封是用塑料制成的,但经过一种称为“防潮层”的特殊处理后,看起来像纸一样。第一空为Though引导的让步状语从句的省略,完整的句子为Thoughtheseenvelopesaremadeofplastic,当从句的主语与主句一致时,且从句中含有be动词,从句中的be动词和主语可省略,故第一个空用madeof;after为介词,后跟加动名词doing作宾语,theseenvelopes与treat为被动关系,故用beingtreated。故选A。20.Shoppingonlineisaconvenient__________todrivingtothestore,becauseithelpssavetime.A.means B.basis C.approach D.alternative【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:网上购物是开车去商店的一种便捷替代方式,因为它能帮助节省时间。A.means方法;B.basis基础;C.approach方法;D.alternative替代品。根据“todrivingtothestore,becauseithelpssavetime.”可知,空处表示用网上购物代替开车去商店,所以网上购物是一种替代品。故选D。21.Inthe1980s,architectswereseekinganewdirectionawayfromthecoldandinhumanstyleofmodernism,sohischildhood__________forplantsfinallyhadanopportunitytothrive.A.appeal B.expectation C.fluency D.fascination【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:在20世纪80年代,建筑师们正在寻找一个新的方向,远离现代主义的冷酷和不人道的风格,所以他童年对植物的迷恋终于有了机会。A.appeal吸引力;B.expectation期望;C.fluency流利;D.fascination迷恋。根据“forplantsfinallyhadanopportunitytothrive”可知,他从小对植物非常迷恋,这种迷恋最终有了发展的机会。故选D。22.Sittingattheconferencetable,Marylistenedattentivelytotheproposalputforwardbythespeaker.Thenshepausedforamoment,and__________herapprovalwithadeliberatenod.A.indicated B.acquired C.assigned D.delivered【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:玛丽坐在会议桌旁,认真地听讲者提出的建议。然后她停顿了一下,用一个有意的点头表示赞同。A.indicated表示,指出;B.acquired获得,学到;C.assigned分配,布置;D.delivered送达,发表。根据“herapprovalwithadeliberatenod.”可知,有意识的点头表示同意。故选A。23.Visitingsitesthatwitnessedterribleeventslikewarornuclearfalloutmayofferusawayto__________thepastmistakesandthelessonswecanlearnfromhistory.A.commenton B.reflecton C.agreeon D.takeon【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:参观见证战争或核辐射等可怕事件的遗址,可能会为我们提供一种方式来反思过去的错误和我们可以从历史中学到的教训。A.commenton评论;B.reflecton反思;C.agreeon达成一致;D.takeon承担。根据“thepastmistakesandthelessonswecanlearnfromhistory.”可知,空处表示反思过去的错误。故选B。24.Ineededajob,butattheageof23,myworkexperience__________EnglishconversationtoagroupofBuddhistpriests.A.waslimitedtoteaching B.limitedtoteachC.limitedteaching D.waslimitedtoteach【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意:我需要一份工作,但在23岁的时候,我的工作经验仅限于给一群佛教僧侣教英语会话。固定短语belimitedto译为“仅限于”,to为介词,后加doing,所以用teaching;根据“Ineededajob,butattheageof23,myworkexperience”可知,句子描述的是过去发生的事情,用一般过去时态,主语为myworkexperience,所以用be动词的一般过去时态was。故选A。25.Theabandonedamusementpark,withitsovergrowngrassandrustedrides,__________witnesstodreams__________sour.A.boasts;going B.inspires;gone C.bears;gone D.involves;going【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:废弃的游乐园,杂草丛生,游乐设施锈迹斑斑,见证逝去的梦想变得苦涩。A.boasts夸耀,going进行中;B.inspires激励,gone逝去;C.bears见证,gone逝去;D.involves表明,going进行中。固定短语bearwitnessto意为“见证”,主语为Theabandonedamusementpark,句子描述的是现在的状态,故用bears;第二个空用gone修饰dreams作后置定语表示失去的梦想。故选C。26.Consumptiondoesnotnecessarily__________technologicalleadership—ifitdid,theUnitedStateswouldhavelittletoworryaboutinmostproductcategories.A.translateinto B.ventureinto C.belongto D.deliveron【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:消费并不一定转化为技术领导力——如果真是这样,美国在大多数产品类别中就没有什么可担心的了。A.translateinto转化为,变成;B.ventureinto冒险进入,尝试;C.belongto属于;D.deliveron实现,履行。根据“Consumptiondoesnotnecessarily”以及“technologicalleadership”可知,空处表示消费并不一定转化为技术领导力,“转化为”译为translateinto。故选A。27.ManyeconomistsarguethatChinaislikelytosufferfromalabour__________,whichmightcauseslowereconomicgrowthandincreasedwagesforyears__________.A.overwhelming;coming B.shortcoming;tocomeC.disadvantage;coming D.shortage;tocome【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析及非谓语动词。句意是:许多经济学家认为中国可能会遭遇劳动力短缺,这可能导致未来几年经济增长放缓和工资上涨。A.overwhelming;coming压倒性的;来;B.shortcoming;tocome缺点;来;C.disadvantage;coming劣势;来;D.shortage;tocome短缺;来。根据句意,第一空表示“短缺”,labourshortage是固定短语,表示“劳动力短缺”,第二空yearstocome是固定短语,表示“未来的几年”,动词不定式作后置定语。故选D项。28.Thespecialfabricofthejacketwon’t__________easily,whichis__________ofmaterialsdesignedforoutdooractivities.A.betorn;critical B.tear;typical C.tear;practical D.betorn;classical【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词和形容词词义辨析。句意:夹克的特殊面料不容易撕裂,这是专为户外活动设计的材料的典型特点。A.betorn被撕破,critical关键的,批评的;B.tear撕破,typical典型的;C.tear撕破,practical实用的;D.betorn被撕破,classical古典的。根据“Thespecialfabricofthejacketwon’t”可知,空处表示夹克的特殊面料不容易撕裂用tear,主动表达被动;betypicalof意为“是……的典型特征”,根据“ofmaterialsdesignedforoutdooractivities.”可知,第二个空处表示为户外活动设计的材料的典型特点。故选B。29.Manyinvestorsare__________bytheideaofmakingaquickfortune,somuchsothatthey__________therisksandpotentiallossesassociatedwithsuchhigh-stakesinvestments.A.shocked;minimize B.biased;assess C.tempted;ignore D.confused;alter【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:许多投资者都被快速发财的想法所吸引,以至于他们忽略了与这类高风险投资相关的风险和潜在损失。A.shocked使……震惊,minimize减少;B.biased对……有偏见,assess评估;C.tempted诱惑,ignore忽视;D.confused使困惑,alter改变。根据“bytheideaofmakingaquickfortune”以及“therisksandpotentiallossesassociatedwithsuchhigh-stakesinvestments.”可知,空处表示被快速发财的想法诱惑,忽略了与这类高风险投资相关的风险和潜在损失。故选C。30.Theretirementofthecaptainafteralongandsuccessfulcareer__________theendofanera,andhisdedicationtotheteamisnotonlysomethingtobeadmiredbutalsoworth__________foritsimpactonthesport.A.signaled;celebrating B.reflected;beingcelebratedC.pointed;celebrating D.indicated;beingcelebrated【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析和非谓语动词。句意:这位队长在漫长而成功的职业生涯后退休,标志着一个时代的结束,他对团队的奉献不仅值得钦佩,而且值得庆祝,因为它对这项运动产生了影响。A.signaled标志着;celebrating庆祝;B.reflected反映;beingcelebrated被庆祝;C.pointed指向;celebrating庆祝;D.indicated表明;beingcelebrated被庆祝。根据句意及第一个空后的“theendofanera”可知,句子表达了队长的退休不仅是个人职业生涯的结束,更是整个团队或体育界一个重要时期的终结,应用动词signaled传达了这一事件的重要性和标志性意义;第二空考查短语beworthdoing“值得做……”,故第二空应用动名词形式celebrating。主动表达被动。故选A。SectionB(10’)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillineachblankwithaproperwordgiveninthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonemorewordthanyouneed.A.signsB.mindsC.immediateD.functionE.alteringF.borderlessG.relativeH.worthI.individualJ.breakdownK.sociableImaginemeetingaforeignerforthefirsttimebuthe/sheisfluentinyourlanguage.Theremayappeartobeno______31______communicationbarrier.Wouldyouadaptthetoneofyourvoice,orthespacingofpausesinyourspeech?Howabout______32______yourbodylanguageandfacialexpressions,dependingonthebackgroundofthepersoninfrontofyou?Thesearejustasmallpartofthechangesinbehaviorthatcanimproveyour“culturalintelligence”,orCQ.Thereisgrowingevidencethatsuggeststhattheyarewell______33______learning.“Thenumberonepredictorofyoursuccessintoday’s______34______worldisnotyourIQ,notyourresume,andnotevenyourexpertise,”writessocialscientistDavidLivermore.“It’syourCQ.”MuchoftheresearchonCQhasbeendonebyProfessorSoonAngwiththeNanyangTechnologicalUniversity.Inthelate1990s,herjobwasdealingwiththe“Y2Kbug.”Itwasasoftwarebugthatwasfearedwouldbringdowntheworld’scomputernetworks.AngputtogetheraninternationalteamofprogrammerstoupdatecomputersystemsinSingapore.Theyweresomeofthebrightest______35______intheindustry.However,Angsoonfoundthatthesepeoplejustcouldn’tworktogether.Often,______36______memberswouldappeartoagreeonasolution,butthencarryitoutincompletelydifferentways.Clearly,itwasn’taquestionoflanguageskillsorexpertise.Instead,shesawthattheseemployeeswereheldbackbyeachother’sculturaldifferences.ThiswouldleadAngtoworkwithpsychologistP.ChristopherEarley.TogethertheybuiltatheoryofCQ.Theydefineditas“thecapabilityto______37______effectivelyinavarietyofculturalcontexts.”SomeonewithalowCQmightvieweveryoneelse’sbehaviorthroughhisownculturallens.Ifhecomesfromamore______38______environment,forinstance,andnoticesthathisJapanesecolleaguesareveryquietinameeting,hemaythinkthattheyarebeingunfriendly.Inaviation,suchculturaldifferencesmightcausea(n)______39______incommunicationbetweenpilotsandairtrafficcontrollers.Theconsequenceswouldbeunthinkable.Apersonatthetopofthescale,meanwhile,mightrealizethatsilenceisoneofthe______40______ofrespect.InJapaneseculture,feedbackoftenwon’tbegivenunlessitisaskedfor.Asaresult,he/shewilloffersuitableopportunitieswithinthemeetingforotherstoprovidetheiropinions.【答案】31.C32.E33.H34.F35.B36.I37.D38.K39.J40.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了文化智商(CQ)的重要性,说明跨文化交流中行为调整可提高成功机会。【31题详解】考查形容词。句意:可能看起来没有任何直接的沟通障碍。空处需要形容词作定语修饰后面的名词communication。根据上文“Imaginemeetingaforeignerforthefirsttimebuthe/sheisfluentinyourlanguage.”可知,外国人能够流利的说你的语言,因此会没有立刻的、直接的沟通障碍。immediate为形容词“立刻的”,符合语境,作定语修饰名词短语communicationbarrier。故选C。【32题详解】考查动词。句意:根据面前人的背景,你会改变你的肢体语言和面部表情吗?Howaboutdoingsth.“做某事怎么样”。根据下文“dependingonthebackgroundofthepersoninfrontofyou”可知,要根据背景来调整或改变自己的非语言交流方式。alter“改变”,符合语境,此处需要动名词作宾语。故选E。【33题详解】考查介词。句意:越来越多的证据表明,这些行为变化是非常值得学习的。根据上文“Thesearejustasmallpartofthechangesinbehaviorthatcanimproveyour“culturalintelligence”,orCQ.”可知,这些行为能够提升你的文化智商,因此他们是值得学习的。worth为介词“值”,构成“beworthdoingsth.”的结构,意外“值得做某事”。故选H。【34题详解】考查形容词。句意:社会科学家大卫·利弗莫尔写道:“在今天这个无国界的世界里,预测你成功的首要因素既不是你的智商,也不是你的简历,甚至不是你的专业知识。而是你的文化智商”。空处需要形容词作定语修饰名词world,此处指当今的世界是一个无国界的世界。borderless为形容词“无国界的”,符合语境。故选F。【35题详解】考查名词。句意:他们是该行业中一些最聪明的人。根据上文“AngputtogetheraninternationalteamofprogrammerstoupdatecomputersystemsinSingapore.”可知,这些来自世界各地的程序员是最聪明的人。mind为名词“聪明人”,根据They可知,此处需要该名词的复数形式。故选B。【36题详解】考查形容词。句意:常常,个别成员似乎对解决方案达成了一致,但随后却以完全不同的方式执行。空处需要形容词作定语修饰后面的名词members。根据上文“thesepeoplejustcouldn’tworktogether”可知,这些人不能一起工作,所以是个别的成员似乎对解决方案达成了一致。individual为形容词“个别的,个体的”,符合语境。故选I。【37题详解】考查动词。句意:他们将其定义为“在多种文化背景下有效工作的能力”。根据空前的动词不定式符号to可知,空处需要动词的原形。function为动词“正常工作”,符合语境。故选D。【38题详解】考查形容词。句意:例如,如果他来自一个更加社交的环境,并注意到他的日本同事在会议中非常安静,他可能会认为他们在故意冷落他。空处需要形容词作定语修饰后面的名词environment。根据下文中的“noticesthathisJapanesecolleaguesareveryquietinameeting,hemaythinkthattheyarebeingunfriendly”可知,此处表示他来自一个更加社交的环境,所以会认为日本同事在会议中非常安静,这是在故意冷落他。sociable为形容词“社交的”,符合语境。故选K。【39题详解】考查名词。句意:在航空领域,这种文化差异可能导致飞行员和空中交通管制员之间的沟通中断。根据空前的a(n)可知,空处需要单数名词。breakdown“(讨论、系统的)失败,崩溃”,符合语境。故选J。【40题详解】考查名词。句意:另一方面,文化智商最高的人可能会意识到,沉默是尊重的一种标志。根据空前的the和空后的of可知,空处需要名词。此处指“沉默是尊重的一种标志”。sign为名词“标志,迹象”,符合语境。oneof+可数名词的复数形式,所以空处需要名词的复数。故选A。III.ReadingComprehension(60)SectionA(30’)Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.(A)Inthe1960s,DouglasMcGregor,oneofthekeythinkersintheartofmanagement,developedthenowfamousTheoryXandTheoryY.TheoryXistheideathatpeopleinstinctively___41___workandwilldoanythingtoavoidit.TheoryYistheviewthateveryonehasthepotentialtofindsatisfactioninwork.Inanycase,despitesomuchevidencetothe___42___,manymanagersstillagreetoTheoryX.Theybelieve,_____43_____,thattheiremployeesneedconstantsupervisioniftheyaretoworkeffectively,orthatdecisionsmustbeimposedfrom___44___withoutconsultation.This,ofcourse,makesforauthoritarian(专制的)managers.Differentcultureshavedifferentwaysof___45___people.Unlikeauthoritarianmanagement,somecultures,particularlyinAsia,arewellknownfortheconsultativenatureofdecision-making—allmembersofthedepartmentorworkgroupareaskedto___46___tothisprocess.Thisismanagementbythecollectiveopinion.ManywesterncompanieshavetriedtoimitatesuchAsianwaysofdoingthings,whicharebasedongeneral___47___.Someexpertssaythatwomenwillbecomemoreeffectivemanagersthanmenbecausetheyhavethepowertoreachcommongoalsinawaythattraditional___48___managerscannot.Arecenttrendhasbeentoencourageemployeestousetheirowninitiative,tomakedecisionsontheirownwithout___49___managersfirst.Thisempowerment(授权)hasbeenpartofthetrendtowardsdownsizing:_____50_____thenumberofmanagementlayersincompanies.Afterde-layeringinthisway,acompanymaybe_____51_____withjustatoplevelofseniormanagers,front-linemanagersandemployeeswithdirectcontactwiththepublic.Empowermenttakestheideaofdelegation(委托)muchfurtherthanhas_____52_____beenthecase.Empowermentanddelegationmeannewformsofmanagementcontrolto_____53_____thattheoverallbusinessplanisbeingfollowed,andthatoperationsbecomemoreprofitableundertheneworganization,ratherthanless.Anothertrendisoff-siteor_____54_____management,whereteamsofpeoplelinkedbye-mailandtheInternetworkonprojectsfromtheirownhouses.Projectmanagersevaluatethe_____55_____oftheteammembersintermsofwhattheyproduceforprojects,ratherthantheamountoftimetheyspendonthem.41.A.desire B.seek C.lose D.dislike42.A.contrary B.expectation C.degree D.extreme43.A.viceversa B.forexample C.however D.otherwise44.A.outside B.inside C.below D.above45.A.replacing B.assessing C.managing D.encouraging46.A.refer B.contribute C.object D.apply47.A.agreement B.practice C.election D.impression48.A.bossy B.experienced C.western D.male49.A.asking B.training C.warning D.firing50.A.doubling B.maintaining C.reducing D.estimating51.A.honored B.left C.crowded D.compared52.A.economically B.traditionally C.inadequately D.occasionally53.A.deny B.admit C.assume D.ensure54.A.virtual B.ineffective C.day-to-day D.on-the-scene55.A.opinion B.risk C.performance D.attractiveness【答案】41.D42.A43.B44.D45.C46.B47.A48.D49.A50.C51.B52.B53.D54.A55.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。作者在第一段中提出道格拉斯·麦克雷戈所提出的人性假设理论中的X理论和Y理论,并介绍了现代社会中一种新型管理理论:授权管理及其作用。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:X理论认为,人们本能地不喜欢工作,会做任何事情来避免工作。A.desire想要,渴望;B.seek寻找;C.lose失去;D.dislike不喜欢。根据后半句willdoanythingtoavoidit可知,很多人为了避免工作而愿意做任何事情,说明很多人都不喜欢工作。故选D。【42题详解】考查名词(短语)辨析。句意:不管怎样,尽管有这么多相反的证据,许多经理仍然同意X理论。A.(tothe)contrary相反的;B.(tothe)expectation出乎意料地;C.(tothe)degree在某种程度上;D.(tothe)extreme走向极端地。在文章第一段中提到了X理论,很多人为了避免工作而愿意做任何事情,说明很多人都喜欢工作。而Y理论认为每个人都有可能在工作中找到满足感。这是两种完全相反的理论,尽管对于这两种完全相反的理论有很多的证据,很多管理人仍然同意X理论。故选A。【43题详解】考查短语及副词词义辨析。句意:例如,他们认为,如果他们的员工想要有效地工作,就需要不断地监督,或者决定必须在没有协商的情况下从上面强加。A.viceversa反之亦然;B.forexample例如;C.however然而;D.otherwise否则。本句中forexample表示举例说明;这些管理人仍然同意X理论,例如他们认为如果要员工效率高,就需要给与他们不断的监督。这属于X理论的举例说明。故选B。【44题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:例如,他们认为,如果他们的员工想要有效地工作,就需要不断地监督,或者决定必须在没有协商的情况下从上面强加。A.outside外部;B.inside内部;C.below下方;D.above上方。根据后句This,ofcourse,makesforauthoritarian(专制的)managers.可知,这属于专制的管理方法,他们的决定是来自上而下的,没有任何商量的余地。故选D。【45题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:不同的文化有不同的管理方式。A.replacing代替;B.assessing评估;C.managing管理;D.encouraging鼓励。根据前段可知,本文讨论的管理学的理论,使用本句使用动词manage“管理”,不同的文化中有不同的管理人的方法。而且和下文中亚洲、西方的管理方法形成呼应。故选C。【46题详解】考查动词(短语)辨析。句意:与专制管理不同的是,某些文化,特别是亚洲文化,以决策的协商性质而闻名——该部或工作组的所有成员都被要求对这一进程做出贡献。A.refer(to)提到,谈到;B.contribute(to)贡献;C.object(to)反对;D.apply(to)适用于。亚洲人使用的是协商式的管理方法,所有人都被要求对管理的过程做出自己的贡献。故选B。【47题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:许多西方公司试图模仿这种建立在共同的协商基础之上的亚洲做事方式。A.agreement协商;B.practice练习,做法;C.election选举;D.impression印象。亚洲人使用协商式的管理方法,这种方法是建立在共同的协议基础之上的,西方人也想学习这样的管理方法。故选A。【48题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:一些专家说,女性将成为比男性更有效的管理者,因为她们有能力达到传统男性管理者无法达到的共同目标。A.bossy专横的;B.experienced有经验的;C.western西方的;D.male男性的。根据前半句womenwillbecomemoreeffectivemanagersthanmen可知,有些专家认为女性比男性管理更高效。因为女性更有亲和力,比男性管理人更容易与别人达成一致的目标。故选D。【49题详解】考查动词词义辨析。

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