山西部分学校2024-2025学年高三9月质量检测英语试题（含答案解析）

2024~2025学年高三9月质量检测卷英语考生注意：1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。4.本卷命题范围：高考范围。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wherewillthefamilyspendtheirsummerholiday?A.InAustralia.B.InCanada.C.InJapan.2.Howmuchshouldthemanpay?A.$16.B.$20.C.$32.3.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Moveoutofthehouse.B.Turndownhisfriend.C.Eatoutwithheralone.4.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shewilllearnmoreaboutthejob.B.Shedoesn’tlikethejobatall.C.Shewilltakethejob.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Abook.B.Amovie.C.Awriter.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Orderaskirt.B.Takethebrownbag.C.Buyanecklace.7.Wherearethespeakers?A.Athome.B.Inashop.C.InJane’shouse.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatisthewomanlookingfor?A.Herticket.B.Herluggage.C.Hertelephone.9.Whatisthewomanaskedtodo?A.Reporttothepolice.B.Bookanotherflight.C.Leaveherphonenumber.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whydoesthewomanlookworried?A.Shehadanargumentwithherboss.B.Shehasbeenlateforworkrecently.C.Shemaynottakeherchildrentoschool.11.WhatdidAlice’sbossdointheend?A.Hecanceledtheneworder.B.Hehelpedthewomanfindaschool.C.Heaskedtheemployeestoarriveearlier.12.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Acouple.C.Bossandworker.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13Whatisthemandoing?A.Hostingaprogram.B.Introducingacourse.C.Investigatingacomplaint.14.Howmanyweekswillthesummercourserunthisyear?A.Six.B.Seven.C.Eight.15.Whatwaswrongwiththecourselastyear?A.Theassistantswereunskilled.B.Theweatherwasnotgood.C.Twoschoolsdelayedtheirholidays.16.Whichactivitieswillbeaddedthisyear?A.Funprograms.B.Adventuresports.C.Creativeclasses.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatwasdifficultforthespeakerwhenshestartedlearningFrench?A.Grammar.B.Pronunciation.C.Vocabulary.18.WhydidthespeakergotoFrance?A.Tovisitherfriends.B.Tolookforajob.C.Tocontinueherstudy.19.HowmightthespeakerfeelaftershearrivedinFrance?A.Helpless.B.Amazed.C.Proud.20.Whatisthemostimportantinlearningalanguageaccordingtothespeaker?A.Masteringthegrammar.B.Knowingalotofwords.C.Usingitindailylife.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheBestCyclingRoutesinBeijingRoute1:BeihaiPark-NanluoguLane-ShichahaiLength:About3kilometersThisisaveryeasycyclingrouteanddoesn'ttakemuchphysicaleffort.BeihaiParkwasaroyalgardeninthepast.RidearoundBeihaiParkandappreciatethebeautifulscenery.Afterthat,gotoNanluoguLane.Itisanoldhutonglinedwithmanysnackshops.ThencycletoShichahai,abiglakecomposedofQianhai,HouhaiandXihai.ThereisabarstreetinHouhai.Ifyouaretired,itisagoodchoicetohavearestinaquietbarandhavesomedrinks.Route2:GhostStreet-WangfnjingStreetLength,About4kilometersIfyouaskwherethebestplacesaretotasteBeijingcuisine,themostpopularanswersareGhostStreetandWangfujingStreet.Thebesttimetoexploretheseplacesisatmight.Youcanfindallkindsofdeliciousfood,suchasmeatkebabs,dumplings,tanghuluandhotpot.IfyouwanttotastesomePekingduck,youcangototherestaurantcalledHunjiaYiyuaninGhostStreet.Route3:Yongdingmen-theTempleofHeaven-Qianmen-theForbidienCity-JingxhanPurkLength:About7kilometersTheCentralAxisofBeijingisanimaginarylinerunningacrossthecityfromsouthtonorth.Cyclingalongthisline,youcandiscovermanyimportantbuildings.Forexample,youcanpayavisit1otheTempleofHeavenwhereemperorsheldimportantceremoniesinancienttimes.ThencycletoQianmen,whichisveryfamousforitsshoppingstreets.YouwillpassthroughtheForbiddenCitythatwashometomorethan20emperors.Finally,youcangotoWanchunPavilioninJingshanParktorelaxandgetafullviewoftheForbiddenCity.1.HowfaristheridefromBeihaiParktoShichabai?A.About3kilometers. B.About4kilometers. C.About7kilometers. D.About10kilometers.2.WhichplaceisbestknownforBeijingfood?A.Xihai. B.Qianhai. C.GhostStreet. D.NanluoguLane3.WhatcanwelearnaboutWanchunPavilioninJingshanPark?A.Itisfamousforitsmodernarchitectures.B.ItisthestartingpointoftheCentralAxis.C.Itwasonceusedforsacrificialceremonies.D.ItmaybethehighestpointneartheForbiddenCity.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】【导语】本文是应用文。本文为游客提供了北京三条最佳骑行路线的详细信息，包括路线长度、沿途景点和特色等。【1题详解】细节理解题。由文章Route1:BeihaiPark-NanluoguLane-Shichahai部分中的“Length:About3kilometers(长度：约3公里)”可知，从北海公园到什刹海的骑行距离大约是3公里。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。由文章Route2:GhostStreet-WangfnjingStreet部分中的“IfyouaskwherethebestplacesaretotasteBeijingcuisine,themostpopularanswersareGhostStreetandWangfujingStreet.(如果你问哪里是品尝北京菜最好的地方，最受欢迎的答案是簋街和王府井大街。)”可知，簋街是最著名的北京美食地点。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。由文章Route3:Yongdingmen-theTempleofHeaven-Qianmen-theForbidienCity-JingxhanPurk部分中“Finally,youcangotoWanchunPavilioninJingshanParktorelaxandgetafullviewoftheForbiddenCity.(最后，你可以去景山公园的万春亭放松一下，把紫禁城的景色尽收眼底。)”可知，万春亭可能是紫禁城附近的最高点。故选D。BAcrosstheUS,smallfarmershavebeenstrugglingforyearstocovertheircostsofproduction.Evenfororganicfarmers,whocanselltheproduceathigherprices,makingaprofitistough.ButthroughouttheMidwest,anewfarm-to-tablestrategyishelpingsomefarmers.AtStoneyAcresinAthens,Wisconsin,thefarmyardistransformedeveryFridaynightbetweenMayandOctober-ashundredsofpeoplecometoorderorganicpizzas.Ononesummerevening,BrendaandJoshMurrayorderoneofthesimplepizzas;pepperoni.Alltheingredients(食材),exceptthecheese,aregrownonthefarm.Thecheeseismadeataneighboringfamilyfarm.EventhesausagesarefrompigsraisedatStoneyAcres.KatBeckerandTonySchultz,theownersofStoneyAcreshavebeensellingtheirproducethroughaCommunitySupportedAgriculture(CSA)program.Theyalsoproducehoneyandsupplyvegetablestoalocalschool.Butpizzaisopeninganewfrontierfortheirfarm.“OurCSAprogram,whichhasbeenourbackboneandusedtobeabout85%ofourincome,isnowalittlebitmorethan50%ofourincome,”Beckersays.“Inthesegrowingdirectmarkets,wecanhavemorecontroloverthepricing.”Whilecuttingoutthemiddlemanmaybeanadvantage,there’sclearlymoretoit.SarahLakewoodhasbeencomingtopizzanightatStoneyAcressinceitstarted.“Ihadneverexperiencedanythinglikeitbefore,”shesays.“Itgottothepointwherewewerecomingeveryweekand,then,whenwewereherethatlastnightthefirstsummer.Ifeltlikeweweregoingtolosesomefriendsforsixmonths.”It’sestimatedthattherearenowafewdozenfarmsinWisconsin,Mipnesoraandlowaofferingpizzanights.Lotsoffamilyfarmershavegivenupthefarmsincepizzanightoffersawaytoincreasetheiroddsofsurvivalwhileofferinganewsocialspacefortheircustomers.4.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheUSsmallfarmers?A.Farmingisnotveryprofitable.B.Organicproducesveryprofitable.C.Thecostsofproductionaredecreasing.D.Therearemanyeasierwaystomakemoney.5.Accordingtothetext,thefarm-to-tablestrategy.A.willhelppopularizeorganicfarmingB.hasalreadyreplacedtheCSAprogramC.cangivefarmersmoresayonthepricesD.isfacingfierceresistancefrommiddlemen6.WhatdoesSarahLakewoodlikeaboutthepizzanight?A.Thecheapfood. B.Theforeigningredients.C.Theweeklyparties. D.Thefriendlyatmosphere.7.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Technology. B.Agriculture. C.Culture. D.Advertisement.【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.B【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文，文章主要讨论了美国小农场主面临的挑战以及一种新的“农场到餐桌”的策略如何帮助他们增加收入和社交空间。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“AcrosstheUS,smallfarmershavebeenstrugglingforyearstocovertheircostsofproduction.(在美国，小农场主多年来一直在努力支付生产成本。)”可知，美国小农场主一直都在尽力支付其生产成本，故其农业不是很赚钱，故选A。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“Alltheingredients(食材),exceptthecheese,aregrownonthefarm.Thecheeseismadeataneighboringfamilyfarm.EventhesausagesarefrompigsraisedatStoneyAcres.(除了奶酪以外，所有的食材都是在农场种植的。奶酪是在邻近的家庭农场制作的。就连香肠都是用斯通尼农场养的猪做的。)”和第五段““OurCSAprogram,whichhasbeenourbackboneandusedtobeabout85%ofourincome,isnowalittlebitmorethan50%ofourincome,”Beckersays.“Inthesegrowingdirectmarkets,wecanhavemorecontroloverthepricing.”(Becker说道：“我们的CSA项目一直都是我们的支柱，过去约占我们收入的85%，现在只占我们收入的50%多一点。在这些不断增长的直接市场中，我们可以对定价有更多的控制权。”)”可推知，“农场到餐桌”的策略减少了农民对CSA项目的依赖，使得农民对价格有了更多的控制权，故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段““Ihadneverexperiencedanythinglikeitbefore,”shesays.“Itgottothepointwherewewerecomingeveryweekand,then,whenwewereherethatlastnightthefirstsummer.Ifeltlikeweweregoingtolosesomefriendsforsixmonths.”(她说道：“我以前从来没有经历过这样的事情。这已经到了我们每周都要来的地步，然后，当我们第一个夏天的最后一个晚上的时候，我感觉我会失去一些朋友六个月。”)”可推知，SarahLakewood喜欢的是大家在一起度过的时间，在一起的这种友好的氛围，分开后就感觉会失去这些朋友，故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“AcrosstheUS,smallfarmershavebeenstrugglingforyearstocovertheircostsofproduction.(在美国，小农场主多年来一直在努力支付生产成本。)”以及后文的介绍可知，本文主要讨论了美国小农场主面临的挑战以及一种新的“农场到餐桌”的策略如何帮助他们增加收入和社交空间，故这篇文章最可能出现在报纸的农业专栏里，故选B。CResearchersstudyingthePacificOceanfloorthinkthey’veobserved“darkoxygen”beingcreatedthere.ThediscoverymaypotentiallychallengecommonlyheldbeliefsabouthowoxygenisproducedonEarth.“Untilnow,itwasthoughtthatoxygenonEarthwasfirstcreatedonlythroughphotosynthesis,aprocessthatrequiressunlightandplants.Butthediscoverycastsdoubtonthattheoryandraisesnewquestionsabouttheoriginsoflifeitself.”leadauthorAndrewSweetmanwritesinanarticlepublishedMondayinthejournalNatureGeoscience.Thescientistsaren’tcertainhowoxygeniscreatedatsuchdarkdepthsbuttheybelieveit’sbeingproducedbyelectricallychargedmineralscalledpolymetallicnodules.“Thesepolymetallicnodules-effectivelybatteriesinrocks—mayusetheirelectricchargetoturnseawaterintoH2,andO2inaprocesscalledseawaterelectrolysis.”Sweetmanexplains.“SeawatercanbeturnedintoH2andO2with1.5voltsofelectricity,whichistheamountinanAAbattery.Wefoundthatthepolymetallicnodulespossessedasmuchas0.95voltsofelectricity.andmultiplenodulestogetherproducedevenhighervoltages.”TheconventionalviewisthatO2wasfirstproducedaroundthreebillionyearsagobyancientplantscalledcyanobacteriaandtherewasagradualdevelopmentofcomplexlifesincethen.Thepotentialthatthereisanalternativesourcerequiresustohavearethink.“Thediscoverycouldimpactdeep-seamining,”FranzGeiger,aNorthwesternUniversitychemistryprofessorwhoworkedonthestudy,saidinanewsrelease.“Companiesconductedexploratorymissionsfordeep-seamininginthe1970sand‘80.Afewyearsago,ateamofscientistswentbacktothoseareasthatweremined40yearsagoandfoundessentiallynolife.Butthenafewhundredmetersovertotheleftandright,wherethepolymetallicnoduleswerenotdamaged,therewereplentyoflife.”8.WhatarerequiredtocreatethefirstoxygenonEarthaccordingtoconventionalviews?A.Rocksandbatteries. B.Heatandchargedminerals.C.Sunlightandplants. D.Seawaterandelectriccharge.9.Howmanypolymetallicnodulesareneededtostartseawaterelectrolysisatleast?A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.10Whatisthepotentialsignificanceofthenewdiscovery?A.Itwillprovideguidelinestominingcompanies.B.Itcanreducetheimpactofnewminingprojects.C.Itmayhelpscientistsimprovethephotosynthesis.D.Itmightleadtoanewexplanationabouttheoriginoflife.11.WhatisFranzGeiger’sattitudetodeep-seamining?A.Disapproving. B.Favorable. C.Toleran1. D.Unclear.【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.A【解析】【导语】本文的体裁属于说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家在太平洋海底发现“暗氧”的现象，这一发现挑战了关于地球上氧气产生的传统观念，并引发了关于生命起源的新问题。【8题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段中的“Untilnow,itwasthoughtthatoxygenonEarthwasfirstcreatedonlythroughphotosynthesis,aprocessthatrequiressunlightandplants.(到目前为止，人们一直认为地球上的氧气最初只能通过光合作用产生，这一过程需要阳光和植物。)”可知，根据传统观点，地球上最初的氧气是通过光合作用产生的，而光合作用需要阳光和植物。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。由文章第四段中的“SeawatercanbeturnedintoH2andO2with1.5voltsofelectricity,whichistheamountinanAAbattery.Wefoundthatthepolymetallicnodulespossessedasmuchas0.95voltsofelectricity.andmultiplenodulestogetherproducedevenhighervoltages.(1.5伏特的电量就可以将海水转化为氢气和氧气，这相当于一节AA电池的电量。我们发现这些多金属结核能够产生高达0.95伏特的电量，并且多个结核共同作用能产生更高的电压。)”可知，一个多金属结核就拥有高达0.95伏特的电量，而多个结核一起产生的电压更高。至少需要两个多金属结核才能达到1.5伏特，触发海水电解。故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段中的“Butthediscoverycastsdoubtonthattheoryandraisesnewquestionsabouttheoriginsoflifeitself.”leadauthorAndrewSweetmanwritesinanarticlepublishedMondayinthejournalNatureGeoscience.(“但这一发现对该理论提出了质疑，并引发了关于生命起源的新问题。”首席作者AndrewSweetman在周一发表于《NatureGeoscience》杂志的一篇文章中写道。)”可知，这一新发现可能会导致对生命起源的新解释。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。由文章最后一段““Thediscoverycouldimpactdeep-seamining,”FranzGeiger,aNorthwesternUniversitychemistryprofessorwhoworkedonthestudy,saidinanewsrelease.“Companiesconductedexploratorymissionsfordeep-seamininginthe1970sand‘80.Afewyearsago,ateamofscientistswentbacktothoseareasthatweremined40yearsagoandfoundessentiallynolife.Butthenafewhundredmetersovertotheleftandright,wherethepolymetallicnoduleswerenotdamaged,therewereplentyoflife.”(“这一发现可能会影响深海采矿，”参与了这项研究的西北大学化学教授FranzGeiger在一份新闻稿中说。“公司在20世纪70年代和80年代进行了深海采矿的探索性任务。几年前，一组科学家回到了那些40年前被开采的地方，发现基本上没有生命存在。但是，在左右几百米远的地方，那些多金属结核未被破坏的区域，则有大量的生命存在。”)”可知，他对深海采矿持有一定的担忧，对此不赞同。故选A。DAlmosteveryhumancultureonearthhasitsownmusic.Theoldestdiscoveredmusicalinstrumentsdatebackover40,000yearstotheStoneAge.Butscientistsbelievethatmusicitselfcouldbemucholderthanthat,originatingalongsidelanguage.Whydidmusicbecomesocloselyrelatedtothehumanexperience?Ithinkitgaveourancestorssigrificantsurvivaladvantages.Inprehistorictimes,musicstrengthenedthebondbetweencommunitymembers.Singinganddrummingtogetherreleasedchemicalslikeoxytocin,dopamineandendorphinsinthebrain,whichledtopositiveemotionsthatallowedgroupstocooperatebetterinhunting,child-caringandprotectionagainstoutsidethreats,Singingwhileworkingmadelaborlessboringandtiring.Ourbrainsseemwiredatbirthtolinkmusicwithpositiveemotionsandtogethernessandmothersmayhavesungtolittlebabiesasanearlyformofemotionalcommunication.Musicalsoenhanceddefenses.Guardsbeatingdrumsandmakingnoiseduringthenightsignaledthattheywerereadytocountersurpriseenemyattacks.Youngnightwatchmensangtoindicatetheywereawakeandvigilant.Soldiersusedinstrumentstosendwarningcallsacrosslongerdistances.Inalltheseways,musicenhancedsurvivaloddsoverhumanevolution(进化).Groupsthatcouldmakemusictogether-whetherasimpledrumbeatorabeautifulsong-weremorecommunicative,cooperativeanddefensive,Naturalselectionthenpassedonthecapacityformusictothenextgenerations.Supportingthis,scientistshavediscoveredspecificregionsofthebraindevotedtomusicalprocessing.Babieshavetheabilitytodetectmusicalpatternsandtones.Evenpatientswithseveredementia(痴呆)respondemotionallyandphysicallytotheirfavoritechildhoodsongswhennothingelsecancauseareaction.Sonexttimeyoufindyourselfsingingalongtoacatchytune,rememberthatmusicispartofwhatmakesusuniquelyhuman.OurStoneAgeancestorssanganddrummedbecauseitenhancedtheirsurvival.Weengagewithmusicnowsimplybecauseweareborntodoso.12.Whatisanadvantageofmusicaccordingtothetext?A.Itcouldkeepsoldiersawake. B.Itcouldhelpbabiesspeakearlier.C.Itcouldenhanceproductivity. D.Itcouldcurecertainrarediseases.13.Whichbestexplainstheword“vigilant”underlinedinparagraph3?ATired. B.Hungry. C.Strong. D.Watchful.14.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph5?A.Summarizethepreviousparagraph. B.Addsomebackgroundinformation.C.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion. D.Providesomeadviceforthereaders.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.MyViewAbouttheImportanceofMusicB.EveryHumanCultureHasitsUniqueMusicC.TheOldestMusicalInstrumentWasUnearthedD.MusicMayComeIntoExistenceBeforeLanguage【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述的是音乐在人类社会发展中所起到的重要作用。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“Singinganddrummingtogetherreleasedchemicalslikeoxytocin,dopamineandendorphinsinthebrain,whichledtopositiveemotionsthatallowedgroupstocooperatebetterinhunting,child-caringandprotectionagainstoutsidethreats,Singingwhileworkingmadelaborlessboringandtiring.(一起唱歌和打鼓会在大脑中释放催产素、多巴胺和内啡肽等化学物质，从而产生积极的情绪，使团队在狩猎、照顾孩子和抵御外部威胁方面能够更好地合作。边工作边唱歌可以减少劳动的无聊和疲劳。)”可知，音乐可以提高生产力。故选C项。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线单词前的部分“Youngnightwatchmensangtoindicatetheywereawake(年轻的守夜人唱歌表明他们醒着)”可知，守夜人肯定需要保持清醒和警惕，所以，划线单词vigilant与watchful“警惕的”意义一致。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。第五段开头的this指的是上一段最后一句提到的“Naturalselectionthenpassedonthecapacityformusictothenextgenerations.(自然选择将音乐的能力传给了下一代。)”，而第五段提到的这些例子“Babieshavetheabilitytodetectmusicalpatternsandtones.Evenpatientswithseveredementiarespondemotionallyandphysicallytotheirfavoritechildhoodsongswhennothingelsecancauseareaction.(婴儿有识别音乐模式和音调的能力。即使是患有严重痴呆症的患者，在没有其他任何东西能引起反应的情况下，也会对他们最喜欢的童年歌曲做出情感和身体上的反应。)”正是为了说明人类的音乐能力是遗传下来的，所以，第五段的作用是提供信息证明上一段提出的观点：自然选择将音乐的能力传给了下一代。故选B项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述的是音乐在人类社会发展中所起到的重要作用。所以用A项“MyViewAbouttheImportanceofMusic(我对音乐重要性的看法)”作为本文的题目，与文章主题相符合。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Spendingtoomanynightstryingtofallasleep—orworryingtherearen’tenoughZZZsinyourday?You’renotalone.Expertssaynearlyone-thirdofAmericanadultsdon’tgettherecommendedseventoninehoursanight.Themajorcauses?___16___.Herearesomesimpletrickssuggestedbyexperts.CreatearoutineWork-relatedstressisunavoidable.___17___.Forexample,don’tcheckemailjustbeforegoingtobed.Instead,createaroutinewhereyoucanrelaxwithabookorengageinahobbywithyourlovedones.Anythingthathelpsyoureleasethetensionfromthedaywillhelppromotesleep.___18___“Eatingalargemealcandisruptyoursleepbecauseit’slikegivingyourbodyareallylargejobtodorightbeforesleepatatimewhenthingsaresupposedtobeshuttingdown.”saidDr.AnniseWilson,aprofessoratBaylorUniversity.“Butdon’tgotobedsuper-hungry.either.Trysnackswithproteinorhealthyfats,likecheeseorpeanutbutteronwholegrainbread.”AvoidalcoholandcaffeineWhilealcoholcanhelpyoufallasleepinitially,itcandisruptyoursleepcycle,reducingthequalityofsleepandincreasingthechancesyou’llwakeupmoreofteninthemiddleofthenight.Caffeinecanblockadenosine,achemicalthatcontributestothefeelingofsleepinessanditcantakeyourbodyupto4hourstoclearcaffeine.___19___.TalktoyourdoctorIfnothing’sworking,it’stimetogotoadoctor.Thisisespeciallytrueifyoursleeplessnightsareaffectingyourworkormood.“___20___,”Dr.AnniseWilsonsaid.“Thenit’stimetoseeksomeprofessionalhelp.”A.LimittechnologyB.WatchwhatyoueatC.Atacertainpoint,evenrelaxationwon’tworkD.Theyincludestressandaculturethatisallaboutwork,notrestE.HavingacupofcoffeeorwinebeforebedtimemightfeelrelaxingF.Forthesereasons,finishupyourcoffeeorwineseveralhoursbeforebedtimeG.Butyoucanleaveyourdailyresponsibilitiesaloneaboutanhourbeforebedtime【答案】16.D17.G18.B19.F20.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了改善睡眠的几个技巧。【16题详解】根据空格前的句子“Expertssaynearlyone-thirdofAmericanadultsdon’tgettherecommendedseventoninehoursanight.Themajorcauses?(专家表示，近三分之一的美国成年人没有达到建议的每晚7到9小时的睡眠时间。主要原因是什么?)”可知，空格处的句子应该是回答上一句的问题，即：人们缺乏睡眠的主要原因是什么？D项“Theyincludestressandaculturethatisallaboutwork,notrest(它们包括压力和一种只注重工作而不是休息的文化)”正是该为题的答案：压力和一种只注重工作而不是休息的文化。所以，D项填入空格处，符合语境。故选D项。【17题详解】空格前的句子“Work-relatedstressisunavoidable.(工作压力是不可避免的。)”说工作压力不可避免；而空格后的例子“Forexample,don’tcheckemailjustbeforegoingtobed.Instead,createaroutinewhereyoucanrelaxwithabookorengageinahobbywithyourlovedones.(例如，不要在睡觉前查看电子邮件。相反，你应该养成一种习惯，在那里你可以看书放松，或者和你爱的人一起从事一项爱好。)”是建议睡觉前不要去干和工作有关的事，所以，空格处的句子应该和上文是转折关系，和下文是顺接关系，建议睡觉前忘掉工作，所以G项“Butyoucanleaveyourdailyresponsibilitiesaloneaboutanhourbeforebedtime(但是你可以在睡前一小时左右把你的日常工作抛在脑后)”填入空格处，符合语境。关系G项。【18题详解】空格处是该部分的主题句。根据下文“‘Eatingalargemealcandisruptyoursleepbecauseit’slikegivingyourbodyareallylargejobtodorightbeforesleepatatimewhenthingsaresupposedtobeshuttingdown.’saidDr.AnniseWilson,aprofessoratBaylorUniversity.‘Butdon’tgotobedsuper-hungry.either.Trysnackswithproteinorhealthyfats,likecheeseorpeanutbutteronwholegrainbread.’(‘吃一顿大餐会扰乱你的睡眠，因为这就像在睡觉前给你的身体一个非常大的工作要做，而这个时候一切都应该停止。’贝勒大学教授安妮丝·威尔逊博士说。‘但是不要饿着肚子睡觉。试试含有蛋白质或健康脂肪的零食，比如全麦面包上的奶酪或花生酱。’)”可知，该部分主要是建议注意饮食。所以，B项“Watchwhatyoueat(注意饮食)”填入空格处，符合语境。故选B项。【19题详解】空格前的句子“Whilealcoholcanhelpyoufallasleepinitially,itcandisruptyoursleepcycle,reducingthequalityofsleepandincreasingthechancesyou’llwakeupmoreofteninthemiddleofthenight.Caffeinecanblockadenosine,achemicalthatcontributestothefeelingofsleepinessanditcantakeyourbodyupto4hourstoclearcaffeine.(虽然酒精可以帮助你入睡，但它会扰乱你的睡眠周期，降低睡眠质量，增加你在半夜醒来的几率。咖啡因可以阻止腺苷，这种化学物质会让你感到困倦，你的身体可能需要4个小时才能清除咖啡因。)”是说喝酒或喝咖啡对睡眠的不良影响，所以，空格处的句子应该是建议“睡觉前不喝酒或咖啡”，所以F项“Forthesereasons,finishupyourcoffeeorwineseveralhoursbeforebedtime(由于这些原因，在睡觉前几小时喝完咖啡或酒)”填入空格处，符合语境。故选F项。【20题详解】空格处是Dr.AnniseWilson所说的话，根据下文他说的“Thenit’stimetoseeksomeprofessionalhelp.(那么是时候寻求一些专业帮助了。)”可知，空格处应该是说对睡眠没有作用的方面，才涉及到下文的“寻求一些专业帮助”，所以，C项“Atacertainpoint,evenrelaxationwon’twork(在某种程度上，即使放松也不起作用)”填入空格处，和上文是顺接关系，符合语境。故选C项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mymother-in-lawgrewupinnorthIndia.Atage19,shemovedtoCanadawithherhusband.By30,shehadthree___21___.I’mawhitegirlfromWyoming,intheUS.Iwenttocollege,thengraduateschool.I’m33nowandIstilldon’tknowhowtochangeadiaper(尿片).Whenwemetalmostadecadeago,Iimmediatelyrealizedthatwehadmorethanagenerationalgapto___22___.ButI___23___mymother-in-law’scookingthatfirstweekendwhenImether,anddecidedtolearnhowtocookherdishes.Iwould___24___besideherasshecooked,askingquestionsand___25___notes.Ittookmeyearsto___26___thebasics.Butmymother-in-law___27___guidedmethroughherrecipes.Cookingtogether,Ihadalsolearnedhowto___28___anIndianfamily.GrowingupintheUS,Ihadprized___29___.ButIhavelearnedhowto___30___family-andbereliedupon.Attimes,itseemedlikemymother-in-lawandImightnever___31___eachother—butwe___32___cookingtogether.OneThanksgiving,Ishowedmymother-in-lawhowto___33___applepies,usingmygrandmother’srecipe.Inturn,shesharedoneofher___34___withme:herfavoritesweetdish.Mymother-in-lawandldidn’thaveanexactrecipetofollowaswe___35___ourrelationship,butsomehowtimeandpatiencehadpaidoffforbothofus.21.A.jobs B.neighbors C.children D.pets22.A.bridge B.measure C.identify D.ignore23.A.taught B.loved C.avoided D.changed24.A.dance B.complain C.laugh D.stand25.A.taking B.exchanging C.leaving D.sharing26.A.forget B.master C.review D.challenge27.A.blindly B.effectively C.immediately D.patiently28.A.fitin B.lookfor C.carefor D.breakup29.A.money B.friendship C.independence D.ability30.A.relyon B.focuson C.relateto D.referto31.A.see B.understand C.accept D.hate32.A.started B.delayed C.kept D.stopped33.A.buy B.eat C.hold D.bake34.A.books B.specialties C.secrets D.views35.A.strengthened B.established C.ended D.fixed【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.D25.A26.B27.D28.A29.C30.A31.B32.C33.D34.B35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍自己和印度婆婆通过做饭递增情感的故事。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：30岁时，她有了三个孩子。A.jobs工作；B.neighbors邻居；C.children儿童，孩子；D.pets宠物。由后文“I’m33nowandIstilldon’tknowhowtochangeadiaper(尿片).”可知，这里对比，表示婆婆有了三个“孩子”。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们大约十年前见面时，我立刻意识到我们需要弥合的不仅仅是代沟。A.bridge 架桥于，弥合；B.measure措施；C.identify识别；D.ignore忽视。由上文“agenerationalgap”以及语境可知，，这里指作者和婆婆有一个代沟需要“弥合”。故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我很喜欢我婆婆在第一个周末的烹饪，我决定学习如何烹饪她的菜肴。A.taught教；B.loved爱，喜欢；C.avoided避免；D.changed改变。由下文“decidedtolearnhowtocookherdishes”可知，作者“喜欢”婆婆做的菜。故选B项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她做饭时，我会站在她身边，问问题，做笔记。A.dance跳舞；B.complain抱怨；C.laugh笑；D.stand站。由下文“besideherasshecooked,askingquestions”可知，这里指作者“站”在婆婆旁边看她做饭。故选D项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她做饭时，我会站在她身边，问问题，做笔记。A.taking带走，记录；B.exchanging交换；C.leaving离开；D.sharing分享。由上文“decidedtolearnhowtocookherdishes”可知，这里指作者通过“记录”笔记来学习做菜。故选A项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我花了好几年时间才掌握这些基础知识。A.forget忘记；B.master掌握；C.review复习；D.challenge挑战。由上文“decidedtolearnhowtocookherdishes”以及语境可知，这里指作者通过学习“掌握”了基础做饭技巧。故选B项。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：但我婆婆耐心地指导我学习她的食谱。A.blindly盲目地；B.effectively有效地；C.immediately立即地；D.patiently耐心地。由上文“Ittookmeyearsto6thebasics.”可知，作者学得很慢，所以婆婆“耐心地”教她。故选D项。【28题详解】考查动词词组辨析。句意：一起做饭，我也学会了如何融入印度家庭。A.fitin适合，融入；B.lookfor寻找；C.carefor照顾；D.breakup分手。由下文“anIndianfamily”以及语境可知，这里指作者生在美国，要学会如何“融入”印度家庭。故选A项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在美国长大，我很珍视独立。A.money钱；B.friendship友情；C.independence独立；D.ability能力。由下文“ ButIhavelearnedhowto10family-andbereliedupon.”可知，这里指作者学习要依赖家庭，由but表转折可知，作者在这之前是崇尚“独立”的。故选C项。【30题详解】考查动词词组辨析。句意：但我学会了如何依靠家人和被依靠。A.relyon依靠；B.focuson专注于；C.relateto与...有关；D.referto参阅。由下文“andbereliedupon”可知，这里指如何“依靠”家人和被家人依靠。故选A项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时，我