商务英语阅读（第3册）（第二版）课件 Unit 2 Trade Barriers

商务英语阅读3UNIT2TradeBarriersLearningObjectivesLearntheinfluenceofCOVID-19onglobalization.Understandthecurrentchallengesforglobalization.UnderstandtheroleofChinainpromotingaglobalizedandinclusiveworld.Pondertheapproachtomanageandimproveglobalization.CONTENTS01.TextA02.

TextB03.ChineseValuesWhytheWorldNeedsBetter—notLess—GlobalizationTextAWarmingupWhatwastradelikebeforeglobalization?Howcanloweringtradebarriersreviveglobalproductivityandgrowth?Doyouthinkfreetradeisconducivetoacountry’seconomicdevelopment?WordsandExpressionsheraldv.tobeasignthatsomethingimportant,andoftengood,isstartingtohap_x0002_pen,ortomakesomethingpubliclyknown预示……的来临(CET-6;TEM-4)Thesetalkscouldheraldaneweraofpeace.WordsandExpressionsinterventionn.theactofbecominginvolvedinasituationinordertohelpdealwithaproblem干涉(CET-6;TEM-4)Hisfinancialinterventionsavedthefirmfromliquidation.WordsandExpressionscompoundv.tomakemoreintense,stronger,ormoremarked加剧(CET-4;EM-4)Theproblemiscompoundedbythemedicalsystemhere.WordsandExpressionscollapsen.asuddenfailureinthewaysomethingworks,sothatitcannotcontinue

崩溃;瓦解(CET-4;TEM-4)Hisbusinesswasindangerofcollapse.WordsandExpressionsexpectancyn.thefeelingorhopethatsomethingexciting,interesting,orgoodisabouttohappen期待(CET-6;TEM-8)Takingcareofthosebasicneedscausesasteepriseinlifeexpectancy.WordsandExpressionscontagionn.thespreadingofaparticulardiseasebysomeonetouchinganotherpersonwhoisalreadyaffectedbythedisease传染(GRE)Herintensityandpassionfortheproducthadspreadlikecontagionthroughoutthepanel.WordsandExpressionsillicitadj.notallowedbylaworthesocialcustomsofacountry违法的；不正当的(CET-6;TEM-8)Illicitdrugsrepresentaseriousperiltothesecurityandstabilityoftheentireregion.WordsandExpressionsspawnv.tocausesomethingtohappenortobecreated引发(TEM-4)Ifthefilmispopularenough,horrormoviescanspawntheirownfranchises.WordsandExpressionsderailv.tospoilorinterruptaplan,agreementetc.打乱（原定计划）(CET-6;TEM-8)However,twoimportantdevelopmentsoccurredtoderailthepeaceprocess.WordsandExpressionsprecipitate

v.tomakesomethingserioushappensuddenlyormorequicklythanwasexpected造成……仓促发生(CET-6;TEM-8)Theriotwasprecipitatedwhenfourblackmenwerearrested.WordsandExpressionsreboundv.toincreaseorgrowagainafterdecreasing弹回；反弹(CET-6;TEM-8)StockpricesreboundedfromWednesday’ssteepslide.WordsandExpressionslegitimacyn.thequalityofbeinglegal合法性，合理性Thelawyersexpressedseriousdoubtsaboutthelegitimacyofmilitaryaction.WordsandExpressionsmandaten.anofficialinstructiongiventoapersonororganization,allowingthemtodosomething授权Thegovernmentwasseekingamandatetocontinuethewar.StructuralAnalysisPara.MainTopicsPara.1-4Theintroductiontoglobalizationanddeglobalization.Para.5-8Prosandconsofglobalization.Para.9-17TheimpactsofCOVID-19onglobalization.Para.18-24Globaltradeinmanufacturedgoods.NotesonTextA1.WhileCOVID-19hastemporarilydisruptedsomecogsinthechainsofmovinggoods,services,peopleand—toalesserextentideas—thatconstitutesglobalization,ithasacceleratedothers.尽管新冠肺炎疫情暂时破坏了构成全球化的商品、服务和人员流动链条中的一些齿轮，当然在较小程度上也扰乱了思想链条，但它却加速了其他齿轮的转动。toalesserextentideas在句子中是插入语，表示新冠肺炎疫情对思想链条的影响较弱。NotesonTextA2.Wethinkthattheprincipalreasonisthebutterflydefectofglobalization:...人们认为主要原因是全球化的蝴蝶负效应：……butterflydefect表示“蝴蝶缺陷”或“蝴蝶负效应”。该词来自伊恩·戈尔丁（IanGoldin)和迈克·马瑞萨森（MikeMariathasan）于2014年出版的TheButterflyDefect:HowGlobalizationCreatesSystemicRisks,andWhattoDoaboutIt一书。NotesonTextA3.Internationalinstitutionsarebeingstarvedoftheresources,legitimacyandmandatesforreformthattheyurgentlyrequire.国际机构严重缺乏资源，合法性以及对于他们迫切进行改革的授权。bestarvedof表示“极其缺乏”之意。DiscussionWhatshouldbedonetobettermanageglobalization?ExercisesI.ReadingComprehension1-5CBACDII.VocabularyA.1-5CACBB6-10DBCABB.1.turnedhisbackon2.Inthisrespect3.centreon4.giveriseto5.hadbeenstarvedof6.bouncedback7.accountfor8.keepout9.usherin10.threatenedtoIII.Cloze(1)enormously(2)liberalization(3)sustained(4)globalizing(5)However(6)elicited(7)average(8)significant(9)Similarly(10)exceptionExercisesIV.PutthefollowingsentencesintoChinese.1.新冠肺炎疫情并没有阻碍全球化进程。相反，它加速了全球化自身的转变。自疫情开始以来，全球化的一些特征，如科学合作和数字连接程度，急剧增强。2.然而，不仅仅是制造业正在逐渐实现自动化；服务业亦是如此，数字支付和管理流程现在都可以通过云计算机进行，因此无需将业务外包到低成本地区。3.最终，全球化需要更好的管理，而未能对跨境流动的增长进行管理正是导致金融危机、气候变化和新冠肺炎疫情的原因。4.背弃全球化并不是解决问题之道。人们也不应希望再恢复到新冠肺炎疫情之前的行事方式，因为正是之前那种惯常的做法给我们带来了疫情，以及像气候变化等更严重的威胁。5.新冠肺炎疫情告诉我们，我们需要加倍努力，创建一个更包容、更可持续和更健康的世界，让全球化服务于克服风险和社会分化，并成为助力实现全人类共同和可持续繁荣的工具。ExercisesV.DiscussionHerearesomepointstostimulatediscussion.Countriesmustacceptsharedresponsibilityformanagingtherisksthatithasengendered.Nationalgovernments–whetherpowerful,liketheUnitedStatesandChina,orweak,likeIraqandLiberia–areunabletoaddressthesecascadingandcomplexchallengesontheirown.Thus,coordinatedactionisrequiredtoaddressthemeffectively.Inaddition,robustregionalandinternationalinstitutionsareneededforincreasedintegration,opennessandinnovation.GlobalizationandChinaDoesn’tStopHereTextBWordsandExpressionsdissentn.refusaltoacceptanofficialopinionoranopinionthatmostpeopleaccept异议；意见的分歧(CET-6;TEM-4)Indiatolerateddissent,butitalsotoleratedinefficiency,diseaseandilliteracy.WordsandExpressionssanctionn.officialordersorlawsstoppingtrade,communicationetc.withanothercountry,asawayofforcingitsleaderstomakepoliticalchanges（对某国的）制裁(CET-4;TEM-4)ShouldCNNandFoxhavebeensubjecttogovernmentsanctionforhavingmadeagood-faitherrorintheirreporting?WordsandExpressionsbanen.somethingthatcausestroubleand

makespeopleunhappy祸根；灾星(TEM-8)Drugsarethebaneoftheinnercities.WordsandExpressionsmillennian.(pluralformofmillennium)aperiodof1,000years一千年，千年期(TEM-8)WhatwillthismeanifallourgreateffortstoreachtheMillenniumDevelopmentGoalsarecanceledoutbythehealthconsequencesofclimatechange?WordsandExpressionsdisparateadj.verydifferentandnotconnectwitheachother迥然不同的，全异的；不相干的(TEM-8)Thechallengeistomakedisparatecomputersystemsworktogether.WordsandExpressionsminusculeadj.extremelysmall极小的(GRE;TOEFL)Herofficeisminuscule.WordsandExpressionstremorn.asmallearthquakeinwhichthegroundshakesslightly（大地的）轻微的震动(TEM-8)Theearthquakesenttremorsthroughtheregion.WordsandExpressionsmagnifyv.tomakesomethingseemmoreimportantthanitreallyis夸张，夸大(CET-6;TEM-4)Thisreporttendstomagnifytherisksinvolved.WordsandExpressionsreciprocityn.asituationinwhichtwopeople,groups,orcountriesgiveeachothersimilarkindsofhelporspecialrights互惠Psychologistscallthisthereciprocityrule,anditisarulethatallsocietieshonor.WordsandExpressionsmélangen.amixtureofdifferentthings混合物(IELTS)amelangeofsoundsandsmellsStructuralAnalysisPara.MainTopicsPara.1-2Thetrendofdeglobaliztion.Para.3-5WhatChinaandWesterncountrieshavebenefitedfromglobalization.Para.6-15Changesthatwillbecausedbyre-globalization.Para.14-20Opening-upandworkingtogetherremainingthemostviablesolutiontofutureuncertainty.NotesonTextB1.Desperationhaslonggivenwaytoaspiration.绝望早已被渴望所取代。givewayto表示“被取代或让位于”之意。NotesonTextB2.Joblossestootherhumanswillpaleincomparisontojoblossestorobots.与被机器人抢走的工作相比，被其他人类抢走的工作就相形见绌了。pale有“显得逊色、相形见绌”之意。NotesonTextB3.Afactoryworker,evenoneinahighlyglobalizedsystemoftrade,isultimatelywalledoff,afacelessproducerofshoes,orsteel,oreventhosemagicallypowerfulinstrumentsofcommunication,smartphones.一名工厂工人，无论是制鞋工人、钢铁工人，还是制造神奇而强大的通讯工具——智能手机的工人，即使置身于高度全球化的贸易体系中，最终也会失去用武之地。

walledoff有“隔离、隔开”之意。在本文中，walloff意指工厂工人最终将会与生产隔绝，即失去用武之地。DiscussionWhatproblemswouldtherebeifde-globalizationhappened?ExercisesI.DiscussionDeglobalizationwillresultinreducedtradeinterdependence,reducedcapitalflows,andreducedmigration.Thus,globalizationhaltsorrecedestheresultswillbeprofoundlynegativeformostcountriesandmostincomegroups.Aretreatintoprotectionismwillreduceincomesofboththepoorandtherichandpovertyheadcountswillbeincreased.Inaddition,politicalinstabilitywillriseinamajorityofcountriesandtheprobabilityofinterstatewarwillincrease.II.ReadingComprehension1-5CCDABChineseValuesChineseValues1.我们要秉持共商共建共享原则，倡导多边主义，大家的事大家商量着办，推动各方各施所长、各尽所能，通过双边合作、三方合作、多边合作等各种形式，把大家的优势和潜能充分发挥出来，聚沙成塔、积水成渊。——习近平在第二届“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛开幕式上的主旨演讲Weneedtobeguidedbytheprincipleofextensiveconsultation,jointcontributionandsharedbenefits.Weneedtoactinthespiri