商务英语阅读（第3册）（第二版）课件 Unit 1 International Organizaitons

商务英语阅读3UNIT1InternationalOrganizationsLearningObjectivesLearnaboutmajorinternationalorganizationsintheworld.Understandtherolesinternationalorganizationsplayinpromotingcooperation.UnderstandtheroleofChinainpromotingaglobalizedandinclusiveworld.Pondertheapproachtostrengthenandimproveinternationalorganizations.CONTENTS01.TextA02.

TextB03.ChineseValuesRegionalGrowth,Stability,IntegrationSetforBoostTextAWarmingupDoyouknowanyinternationalorganizations?Whatarethey?Pleaseintroduceoneinternationalorganizationyou’refamiliarwith，especiallyaboutitsheadquarter,aim,functionandstructure.Listatleast3abbreviationsofthenameofinternationalorganizationsforyourclassmatestoguessthefullname.WordsandExpressionssummit

n.animportantmeetingorsetofmeetingsbetweentheleadersofseveralgovernments峰会(CET6;TEM8)ThePresidentwillmeetotherOPECleadersatnextweek’seconomicsummit.Theleadersareexpectedtodiscussclimatechangeatthesummit.Thesummitconcludedwithajointstatementoneconomiccooperation.Securitymeasuresweretightenedaheadoftheinternationalsummit.WordsandExpressions2.milestonen.averyimportanteventinthedevelopmentofsomething里程碑(CET6;GRE)Thediscoveryofpenicillinwasamajormilestoneinthehistoryofmedicine.Thecompanycelebratedtheconstructionofitsthousandthvehicleasasignificantmilestone.Thecompletionoftheprojectmarkedasignificantmilestoneinthedevelopmentofrenewableenergy.WordsandExpressions3.mechanism

n.asystemthatisintendedtoachievesomethingordealwithaproblem机制(CET6;TEM8)Themechanismofactionofthenewdrugisstillunderinvestigation.Researchersstudiedtheregulatorymechanismscontrollinggeneexpression.Theinternationaltradeagreementincludesmechanismsforresolvingdisputes.WordsandExpressions4.hundredfold

adv.havingahundredtimesasmanyorasmuch百倍地Researchersobservedahundredfoldincreaseinefficiencywiththenewsolarpaneldesign.Thepopulationofthecitygrewahundredfoldduringtheindustrialrevolution.Thecompany’sprofitsincreasedahundredfoldoverthelastdecade.WordsandExpressions5.all-round

adj.ineveryway全面的Hisperformancewaspraisedforitsall-roundexcellence.Theathlete’strainingprogramfocusesondevelopingall-roundfitnessandstrengthThecompanyisknownforprovidingall-roundsupporttoitsemployees.WordsandExpressions6.humanitarian

adj.concernedwithimprovingbadlivingconditionsandpreventingunfairtreatmentofpeople人道主义的(CET6;TEM8)Theorganizationprovideshumanitarianaidtorefugeesinwar-tornregions.Shereceivedahumanitarianawardforherworkinimprovingaccesstocleanwaterindevelopingcountries.Thegovernmentannouncedahumanitarianceasefiretoallowforthesafeevacuationofcivilians.WordsandExpressions7.reaffirm

v.toformallystateanopinion,belief,orintentionagain,especiallywhensomeonehasquestionedyouorexpressedadoubt重申ThePresidentreaffirmedthecountry’scommitmenttoenvironmentalprotectioninhislatestaddress.Thetreatyaimstoreaffirmtheprinciplesofinternationallawgoverningarmedconflicts.TheboardofdirectorsvotedunanimouslytoreaffirmtheirsupportfortheCEO’sstrategicplan.WordsandExpressions8.extremism

n.pinions,ideas,andactionsthatmostpeoplethinkareunreasonableandunacceptable极端主义(TEM8)Governmentsaroundtheworldareincreasinglyconcernedabouttheriseofextremismanditsimpactonglobalsecurity.Theuniversitylaunchedaprogramtocounterextremismthrougheducationandcommunityengagement.Socialmediaplatformsareunderpressuretoremovecontentthatpromotesextremismandviolence.WordsandExpressions9.manifestation

n.averyclearsignthataparticularsituationorfeelingexists显示；表明,表现；显现(TEM8)Povertyandinequalityareoftencitedasmanifestationsofdeepersystemicissuesinsociety.Theartist’slatestcollectionisamanifestationofherreflectionsonculturalidentityandglobalization.Theriseinhealthcarecostsisadirectmanifestationofinefficienciesinthecurrentsystem.WordsandExpressions10.logistics

n.theprocessofplanningandorganizingtomakesurethatresourcesareintheplaceswheretheyareneeded,sothatanactivityorprocesshappenseffectively物流(TEM8)Thelogisticsindustryplaysacriticalroleinensuringtimelydeliveryofgoodsacrossglobalmarkets.Effectivelogisticsmanagementisessentialforreducingcostsandimprovingcustomersatisfaction.Thecompanyisinvestinginstate-of-the-artlogisticsinfrastructuretostreamlineitssupplychainoperations.WordsandExpressions11.feasibility

n.thepossibilitythatcanbemade,done,orachieved,orisreasonable可行性(CET6;GRE)Thefeasibilitystudyconcludedthattheprojectwaseconomicallyviabledespiteinitialskepticism.Engineersareassessingthefeasibilityofbuildingabridgeacrosstheriverundercurrentenvironmentalregulations.Thefeasibilityofimplementinguniversalhealthcareremainsatopicofdebateamongpolicymakers.WordsandExpressions12.capability

n.theabilityorpowertodosomething能力(CET6;TEM8)Thenewsoftwareupdateenhancesthesmartphone’scapabilities,improvinguserexperience.Companiesareinvestinginworkforcedevelopmenttobuildthenecessarycapabilitiesfordigitaltransformation.WordsandExpressions13.turmoil

n.astateofconfusion,excitement,oranxiety混乱，骚乱，动乱(TEM8;GRE)Thecountryfacespoliticalturmoilfollowingthedisputedelectionresults.Economicturmoilintheregionhasledtowidespreadunemploymentandsocialunrest.Thecompany’sstockpriceplummetedamidfinancialturmoilinthemarkets.WordsandExpressions14.trajectoryadj.thecurvedpathofanobjectthathasbeenfiredorthrownthroughtheair;heeventsthathappenduringaperiodoftime,whichoftenleadtoaparticularaimorresult轨道，轨迹(GRE)Thegovernment’sneweconomicpoliciesaimtoalterthetrajectoryofinflationbytheendofthefiscalyear.HercareertrajectorytookanunexpectedturnaftershecompletedherPhD.Thesatellite’strajectorywascarefullycalculatedtoensureitenteredorbitsuccessfully.WordsandExpressions15.impetus

n.aninfluencethatmakessomethinghappenormakesithappenmorequickly动力；推动；促进；刺激(TEM8)Thediscoveryofoilreservesprovidedtheeconomicimpetusforthecountry’srapiddevelopment.Publicoutcryovertheincidentservedastheimpetusforstricterregulationsonfoodsafety.Thenewtaxincentivesprovidedtheimpetusforsmallbusinessestoexpandtheiroperations.WordsandExpressions16.multifacetedadj.havingmanypartsorsides多方面的，多元的Addressingclimatechangerequiresamultifacetedapproachinvolvinggovernments,businesses,andindividuals.Thehealthcarereformproposaladdressesthemultifacetedchallengesofaccessibility,affordability,andqualityofcare.Theartist’sworkiscelebratedforitsmultifacetedexplorationofidentityandculture.StructuralAnalysisPara.MainTopicsPara.1-3IntroductionandSignificanceoftheSummit.Para.4-6EconomicCooperation.Para.7-8CulturalandHumanitarianCooperation.Para.7-8Thesummitwillbeanimportanteventforfurtherdevelopment.Para.9-10SecurityCooperation.Para.11-12InfrastructureandConnectivity.Para.13-15DigitalSilkRoadandTechnologicalCooperation.Para.16ConclusionandFutureProspects.NotesonTextAGlobalDevelopmentInitiative:TheGlobalDevelopmentInitiative(GDI),proposedbyChinaattheGeneralDebateofthe76thSessionoftheUnitedNationsGeneralAssemblyin2021,aimstosteerglobaldevelopmenttowardanewstageofbalanced,coordinatedandinclusivegrowth.全球发展倡议，中国在2021年第76届联合国大会一般性辩论中提出的全球发展倡议，旨在引导全球发展进入平衡、协调和包容增长的新阶段。NotesonTextA2.GlobalSecurityInitiative:ChinesePresidentXiJinpingproposedaGlobalSecurityInitiativeonApril21inaspeechdeliveredviavideolinkattheopeningceremonyoftheBoaoForumforAsiaAnnualConference2022.Xistressedtheimportanceofupholdingavisionofcommon,comprehensive,cooperativeandsustainablesecurity,respectingthesovereigntyandterritorialintegrityofallcountries,andadheringtonon-interferenceininternalaffairs.全球安全倡议，这一倡议强调，必须坚持共同、综合、合作、可持续的安全观，尊重各国主权和领土完整，坚持不干涉内政。Discussion1.DuringtheChina-CentralAsiaSummit,tobeheldinXi’anin2023,thesixheadsofstatewillexchangeviewsonvariousimportantissues.Whataretheissuestobediscussedaccordingtotheessay?2.PleasegiveabriefintroductiontoSCO.3.PleaseillustratetheessentialeconomicandgeographicroleofUzbekistan.4.WhyhasCentralAsiaanimportantroleinthedevelopmentoftheDigitalSilkRoad?EssentialsonAIIBTextBWordsandExpressionsdesignatev.togiveanassignmentto(aperson)toapost,orassignataskto(aperson)指定；指派(CET6;TEM8).Thereareeffortsunderwaytodesignatethebridgeahistoriclandmark.WordsandExpressionsveterann.anexperiencedpersonwhohasbeenthroughmanybattles;someonewhohasgivenlongservice老兵；老手；富有经验的人(CET4;TEM8)...AnnetteMichelson,theveterancriticandprofessorofcinemastudiesatNewYorkUniversity.WordsandExpressionsalleviatev.tomakeeasier减轻，缓和(GRE;TEM8)Thiswouldcertainlyalleviateunemploymentintheshortrun.WordsandExpressionsrestructurev.torestructureanorganizationorsystemmeanstochangethewayitisorganized,usuallyinordertomakeitworkmoreeffectively.重新建构Thecompanyistolayoff1,520workersaspartofarestructuring.WordsandExpressionsinitiativen.Aninitiativeisanimportantactorstatementthatisintendedtosolveaproblem.(重要的)法案;倡议(CET6;TEM8)Localinitiativestohelpyoungpeoplehavebeeninadequate..WordsandExpressionsenvisionv.toimagine;conceiveof;seeinone’smind想象，预想(GRE;TEM8)Inthefutureweenvisionafederationofcompanies.WordsandExpressionsmodusoperandin.anunvaryingorhabitualmethodorprocedure(独特的)做法Anexampleofhermodusoperandiwasprovidedduringaterseexchangewiththedefendant.WordsandExpressionsmitigationn.theactionoflesseninginseverityorintensity减轻；缓和Theprosecutortoldthejudgeinmitigationthattheoffenceshadbeenatthelowerendofthescale.WordsandExpressionsadaptationn.theprocessofadaptingtosomething(suchasenvironmentalconditions)适应；改编(CET6;TEM8)Mostlivingcreaturesarecapableofadaptationwhencompelledtodoso.WordsandExpressionstacklev.Ifyoutackleadifficultproblemortask,youdealwithitinaverydeterminedorefficientway.处理(CET6;TEM8)Thefirstreasontotackletheseproblemsistosavechildren’slives.WordsandExpressionsdenominatev.toassignanameortitleto为…命名；以…标价(TEM8)WillChina’scurrencybeincreasinglyusedtosettletradeinAsiaand,whoknows,maybeeventodenominatecommodities?StructuralAnalysisPartIWhatisAIIBChina-ledfinancialinstitutionSupportinfrastructureprojectsHeadquarter,authorizedcapitalStructuralAnalysisPartIIGovernorofAIIBappointedasthefirstpresidentofAIIBonAugust24,2015enrolledintheMOFtoworkfortheExecutiveDirector’sOfficeattheWBappointedasvicepresidentofADBdesignatedaschairmanoftheboardofsupervisorsofChinaInvestmentCorp.becamechairmanofChinaInternationalCapitalCorp.Ltd.(CICC)in2013StructuralAnalysisPartIIGovernorofAIIBledthepreparationworkmadegreatcontributiontotheexpansionofthemembershipworkedhardtoalleviatepovertycalledfortheriseofdevelopingcountriesineconomicglobalizationStructuralAnalysisPartIIIAreasofinvestmentStructuralAnalysisPartIVSignificancehelppushforwardprojectsrelatedtothe“BeltandRoad”initiativesupportinfrastructureprojectspromoteinterconnectivityandeconomicintegrationNotesonTextBBrettonWoodsInstitution:TheBrettonWoodsInstitutionsaretheWorldBank,andtheInternationalMonetaryFund(IMF).Theyweresetupatameetingof43countriesinBrettonWoods,NewHampshire,USAinJuly1944.Theiraimsweretohelprebuildtheshatteredpostwareconomyandtopromoteinternationaleconomiccooperation.TheoriginalBrettonWoodsagreementalsoincludedplansforanInternationalTradeOrganization(ITO)buttheselaydormantuntiltheWorldTradeOrganization(WTO)wascreatedintheearly1990s.布雷顿森林机构，包括世界银行和国际货币基金组织。它们是1944年7月在美国新罕布什尔州布雷顿森林举行的43个国家的会议上成立的其目标是帮助重建战后支离破碎的经济，并促进国际经济合作。NotesonTextB2.AsianDevelopmentBank:aregionaldevelopmentbankestablishedon19December1966，aninternationaldevelopmentfinanceinstitutiondedicatedtoreducingpovertyinAsiaandthePacificthroughloans,grantsandresearch.亚洲开发银行，1966年12月19日成立的一家区域开发银行，是一家致力于通过贷款、赠款和研究减少亚洲及太平洋贫困的国际发展金融机构。NotesonTextB3.MultilateralDevelopmentBank：afinancialinstitutionthathasbeenestablished(orchartered)bymorethanonecountry,andhencearesubjectsofinternationallaw.Itsownersorshareholdersaregenerallynationalgovernments,althoughotherinternationalinstitutionsandotherorganizationsoccasionallyfigureasshareholders.ThemostprominentIFIsarecreationsofmultiplenations,althoughsomebilateralfinancialinstitutions(createdbytwocountries)existandaretechnicallyIFIs.ThebestknownIFIswereestablishedafterWorldWarIItoassistinthereconstruction