（高考英语作文炼句）第60篇译文老师笔记

PAGEPAGE11.物质财富并不等同于成功,它也不是成功的必要条件.尽管成功和财富并不矛盾,但真正成功的要义在于拥有充满爱的人际关系和充实的人生.Materialriches

(1.物质财富)areneitherequivalenttonornecessaryforsuccess.Althoughsuccessandwealtharebynomeans

incompatible(2.矛盾的,不兼容的),thekeydefiningcharacteristicsoftruesuccessare

lovingrelationships

(3.充满爱的人际关系)andafulfillinglife.

1-物质财富Materialriches

词典释义：material5.ADJ形容词

(指与抽象相对)物质的,有形的,实体的

Material

thingsarerelatedtopossessionsormoney,ratherthantomoreabstractthingssuchasideasorvalues.

【搭配模式】：usuADJn•Everyroommusthavebeenstuffedwith

material

things.每个房间肯定都塞满了东西.

•...the

material

world.物质世界

•...hisdescriptionsoftheirpoor

material

conditions.他对他们贫困的物质生活的描述

riches['rɪtʃ.ɪz]

pluralnoun

■alargeamountofmoneyorvaluablepossessions

财富;财产

•Shedonatedasizeableportionofher

riches

tochildren'scharities.她将很大一部分财产捐给了儿童慈善机构.

外刊例句：Manyfaultitsgratuitousdisplayof

materialriches.

()许多人指责这种无谓的炫富.

替换表达：Materialwealth

学生错误表达：Physical

wealth点评：physical是指"实体的,物质的”,例如：thephysicalworldaroundus我们身边的物质世界,不能用physical

wealth来指"物质财富”.

2-矛盾的,不兼容的incompatible

词典释义：incompatibleUK

[ˌɪn.kəm'pæt.ɪ.bl]

US

[-'pætˌ.ə-]

adjective

■notabletoexistorworkwithanotherpersonorthingbecauseofbasicdifferences

不相容的;不相容的;不能和谐相处的

•Whenwestartedlivingtogetherwerealizedhow

incompatible

wewere-ourinterestsweresodifferent.开始共同生活后,我们发现彼此是多么合不来——我们的兴趣差别太大了.•Maintainingqualityis

incompatible

with

increasingoutput.保持品质和增加产量是互相对立的.•Anynewvideosystemthatis

incompatible

with

existingoneshaslittlechanceofsuccess.任何与现有系统不相容的新视讯系统都难以成功.

外刊例句：AkeyclauseintheTerrorismAct2000is

incompatible

withtheEuropeanconventiononhumanrights,themasteroftherolls,JohnDyson,hassaidaspartofacourtofappealjudgment.

()2000年反恐协议中的某一关键条例在人权方面与欧盟公约相违背,而对于这一点,其制定者约翰·道森曾在法庭上诉中说过.

学生错误表达：contradictory点评：contradictory一般指观点、事实、建议等互相矛盾(Iftwoormorefacts,piecesofadvice,etc.arecontradictory,theyareverydifferentfromeachother),这里用incompatible(ideas,systems,ormachinesthatareincompatiblearenotabletoworkorexisttogetherbecauseofbasicdifferences)更加合适.

3-充满爱的人际关系lovingrelationships

词典释义：loving

●●○○○1.ADJ-GRADED能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词

充满爱的;钟爱的;关爱的

Someonewhois

loving

feelsorshowslovetootherpeople.•Jimwasamost

loving

husbandandfather...吉姆是个非常体贴的丈夫和慈爱的父亲.

•Thechildrentherewerevery

loving

tome.那里的孩子都很爱我.

外刊例句：Polyamoryisn’tmonogamyanditisn’tswinging,it’sbeingopentohaving

lovingrelationships

withdifferentpeopleofdifferentsexesatthesametime,andinthatwaylearningtoloveyourself,too.()多元之爱与一夫一妻制不同,也非指交换伴侣,它指的是：不同性别的各人群同时相互关爱对方,从而去学会爱护自己.

学生错误表达：lovingrelationship点评：relationship是可数名词,这里应该改为loving

relationships2.如果失去了和家人以及朋友之间亲密的关系,人生将会变得空虚和毫无意义.如果没有人和我们一起分享人生的跌宕起伏,欢乐与忧伤,那么我们所赚的每一美元都失去了价值.Withoutcloserelationshipswithfamilyandfriends,lifewouldbecomeemptyand

devoidofmeaning(1.毫无意义).Everydollarweearnedwouldbeworthlessifwehadnocompanionswithwhomtoshareour

upsanddowns(2.人生的跌宕起伏),joysandsorrows.

1-毫无意义(be)devoidofmeaning

词典释义：devoid[dɪ'vɔɪd]

formal

adjective

bedevoidofsth

■tolackorbewithoutsomethingthatisnecessaryorusual

缺乏,缺少

•Theirapartmentis

devoid

of

all

comforts.他们的公寓没有任何能提供舒适享受的设施.•Heseemstobe

devoid

ofcompassion.他似乎缺少同情心.

外刊例句：Theagenciesare,saysMrReynolds,"themostpowerfulforceinthecapitalmarketsthatis

devoidof

anymeaningfulregulation.”

()雷诺茲说,这些代理处是"资本主义市场中最强而有力的力量组织,也是最缺乏合理监管的地方”.

替换表达：meaningless

学生错误表达：Insignificant点评：insignificant是指某事情微不足道,不值得考虑(toosmallorunimportanttoconsiderorworryabout),例如：Yourealizethatyourproblemsareinsignificantincomparison.要知道,你的问题相对来说微不足道.这里应该改为meaningless

2-人生的跌宕起伏upsanddowns

词典释义：upsanddownspluralnoun

■Ifsomeoneorsomethingexperiencesupsanddowns,amixtureofgoodandbadthingshappenstothem

盛衰;沉浮

•Likemostmarriedcoupleswe'vehadourupsanddowns,butlife'slikethat.和所有已婚夫妇一样,我们也经历过沉浮波折,但生活就是如此.

外刊例句：Theyhavehadtheir

upsanddowns,butkeptthefamilyfirmtogetherfor150years()他们历尽沉浮,150年来一直运营着其家族公司.

替换表达：thepeaksand

troughsoflife

Everydollarweearnedwouldbeworthlessifwehadnocompanionswithwhomtoshareourupsanddowns,joysandsorrows.

[分析]本句的主句是Everydollarweearnedwouldbeworthless,这是一个主系表结构,其中,主语是Everydollarweearned,这里weearned是省略了关系代词that的定语从句,修饰Everydollar.一般而言,关系代词whom、that、which在定语从句中作及物动词的宾语或介词的宾语时可省略.主句之后是由if引导的条件状语从句,其主干是wehadnocompanions,其后是由withwhom引导的定语从句,注意这里关系代词whom之后是一个不定式结构,这种"介词+关系代词+不定式结构”是一种缩略式的定语从句,本句补充完整即withwhom(wecan)shareourupsanddowns,joysandsorrows,这种情况通常出现在引导定语从句的关系代词作介词的宾语时.

3.有些人生于富裕家庭或者通过一些幸运的情况创造了大量的财富,比如买到了中奖的彩票.尽管这些人有钱,但他们都不算成功,除非他们能投身于某个事业或者人生目标当中,并且心灵得到了滋养.Somepeopleare

bornintorichfamilies

(1.生于富裕家庭)orgeneratesubstantialwealththroughluckycircumstances,suchasbuyingawinninglotteryticket.Despitebeingwealthy,theseindividuals

wouldnotqualifyas(2.不能算作)successfulunlesstheyhadacareerorpurposeinlifetokeepthemoccupiedand

nurturetheirsouls(3.滋养心灵).

1-生于富裕家庭bornintorichfamilies

词典释义：beborninto/to/ofsth

(=beborninaparticularsituation,typeoffamilyetc)出生于某种境况(家庭等)

•One-thirdofallchildrenarebornintosingle-parentfamilies.有三分之一的孩子都生于单亲家庭.

外刊例句：Theluckyonesjointopteamsfromthestart,thewaysomepeopleare

bornintorichfamilies.()幸运儿以生于富贵人家的方式,一开始就身处最好的队伍里.

替换表达：bebornwithasilverspoonintheirmouth

学生错误表达：arebornin/fromtherichfamilies点评："出身于……的家庭”,其中介词应该用into;richfamilies是泛指,前面的定冠词the应该去掉.

2-不能算作wouldnotqualifyas

词典释义：qualify3.V-ERG及物/不及物动词

可称得上;符合;可算作

To

qualifyas

somethingorto

bequalifiedas

somethingmeanstohaveallthefeaturesthatareneededtobethatthing.•13percentofAmericanhouseholds

qualify

aspoor,saysMr.Mishel...米歇尔先生说,13%的美国家庭符合贫困家庭的标准.

•Thesepeopleseemtothinkthatreadingafewbooksonoldagequalifiesthemasexperts.这些人似乎以为自己读了几本关于老年人的书就可以算作专家了.

外刊例句：However,theonlywellfrackedintheUKsofar,whichcausedsmallearthquakesnearBlackpoolin2011,

wouldnotqualifyas

frackingunderthedefinition.

()然而,英国目前最厉害的压裂处,尽管在2011年引起过布莱克浦的小型地震,仍谈不上是定义中的压裂带.

替换表达：wouldnotbetermed/regarded/viewed(as)sth

3-滋养心灵nurturetheirsouls

词典释义：nurtureUK

['nɜ：.tʃər]

US

['nɝ：.tʃɚ]

verb

transitive

formal

HELPDEVELOP

培育

■totakecareof,feedandprotectsomeoneorsomething,especiallyyoungchildrenorplants,andhelpthemtodevelop

养育,培育(尤指幼儿或植物)

•Shewantstostayathomeand

nurture

herchildren.她想留在家里照顾孩子.•acarefully

nurtured

garden精心打理的花园■tohelpaplanorapersontodevelopandbesuccessful

促进;扶助;培养

•Asarecordcompanydirector,hisjobisto

nurture

young

talent.作为唱片公司主管,他的职责是培养有才华的年轻人.

外刊例句：ApolicytosendgovernmentresearchinstitutesorextrainfrastructurefundingtotheplaceswiththebestplansforcivicimprovementcouldhelpmorecitiestoattractAmazon-likefirms—or

nurture

theirown.

()给那些有着优良计划提高城镇环境的地方兴建政府研究所或提供额外的基建基金,这种政策有助于让更多城市能吸引来像亚马逊这种优质公司——或者培育出自家的"亚马逊”.

学生错误表达：soulwouldbeflourished点评：flourish含义是"茁壮成长”,且它是不及物动词,不能说soul

wouldbeflourished,这里可以改为nurture

their

souls

、

Q：生于富裕家庭bornintorichfamilies：请问这里可以用in么?A：born

inrichfamilies这种说法很少见,建议使用born

intorichfamilies

4.那些通过剥削他人或从事非法活动来积累财富的人应该被视为卑鄙的人物,而不是成功者.Thosewho

amasstheirfortunes

(1.积累财富)byexploitingothersorengaginginillegalactivityshould

beregardedasdespicablecreatures

(2.被视为卑鄙的人物)ratherthan

successstories(3.成功者).

1-积累财富amasstheirfortunes

词典释义：amass[ə'mæs]

verb

transitive

■togetalargeamountofsomething,especiallymoneyorinformation,bycollectingitoveralongperiod

集聚,积累,大量收集(尤指钱或资讯)

•Shehas

amassed

ahuge

fortune

fromhernovels.她靠写小说慢慢积攒了一大笔钱.•Someofhiscolleaguesenvytheenormous

wealth

thathehas

amassed.他积聚了大笔财富,这引起了一些同事的妒忌.

fortuneUK

['fɔ：.tʃu：n]

US

['fɔ：r-]

noun

WEALTH

财富

IMPROVER

countable

■alargeamountofmoney,goods,property,etc

一大笔钱;大量财产

•Sheinheriteda

fortune

fromhergrandmother.她从祖母那里继承了一大笔财产.•Helosta

fortune

gambling.他赌博输了一大笔钱.•Youcan

make

a

fortune

outofjunkifyoucallit'antiques'.把破烂叫做"古董”,就可以从中发一笔财.•Thisdress

cost

a

(small)

fortune.这条连衣裙花了很多钱.•AnypaintingbyVanGoghis

worth

a

fortune.梵高的任何一幅作品都值一大笔钱.

外刊例句：Thesetycoons,whoareoftenlikenedtotherobberbaronsofAmerica’sGildedAgeattheturnofthe20thcentury,wouldgoonto

amass

vastfortunes.

()这些大亨宛如20世纪初美国镀金时代的强盗贵族一般,将继续大肆敛财.

替换表达：accumulatewealth

2-被视为卑鄙的人物beregardedasdespicablecreatures

词典释义：

despicable[dɪ'spɪk.ə.bl]

adjective

■veryunpleasantorbad,causingstrongfeelingsofdislike

令人厌恶的,可憎的

•despicable

behaviour令人厌恶的行为•He'sa

despicable

humanbeing!

他是个令人厌恶的人!•It

was

despicable

of

her

to

lieaboutherfriend.她就朋友的事说谎实在可憎.

creatureUK

['kri：.tʃər]

US

[-tʃɚ]

noun

countable

■usedtorefertoapersonwhenanopinionisbeingex