（高考英语作文炼句）第49篇译文老师笔记

PAGEPAGE11.历史建筑给城市带来多样性和艺术美,没有这些建筑,城市就会显得苍白单调.Historicbuildingsbringdiversityand

aestheticbeauty(1.艺术美)tocitiesthatwouldbepaleand

monotonous

(2.单调)withoutthem.1-aestheticbeauty

词典释义：aesthetic(US

also

esthetic)

UK

[es'θet.ɪk]

US

[-'θetˌ-]

adjective

■relatingtotheenjoymentorstudyofbeauty

美感的;审美的;美学的•Thenewbuildinghaslittle

aesthetic

value/appeal.新楼几乎没有什么美学价值.■describesanobjectoraworkofartthatshowsgreat

beauty

美的;艺术的•furniturewhichisboth

aesthetic

andfunctional既美观又实用的家具

外刊例句：Andthisishow

aesthetic

beauty

mustbe,beyondthereachofalmosteveryone;evenseeingtheshot

inultramotion,itlooksimpossibleforaforearmtodosuchathing.

()而且,这就是艺术美该有的样子——超凡脱俗;甚至能在"超运动”过程中观察到射击过程,而对于人的前臂却做不到这事情.

替换表达：artisticbeauty

2-monotonous

词典释义：monotonous

UK

[mə'nɒt.ən.əs]

US

[-'nɑ：.tˌən-]

adjective

■stayingthesameandnotchangingandthereforeboring

单调乏味的;毫无变化的•a

monotonous

job单调的工作•a

monotonous

voice单调的声音•Themusicbecame

monotonous

afterawhile.过了一会儿音乐变得单调起来.

外刊例句：Usingastatisticalanalysisofpeople’sreactionsto

differentsortsofurbansound,theteamdrewupfourbroadcategories：

chaotic,calm,

monotonous

and

vibrant.

()该团队统计分析了人们对于不同城市生活声音后,总结出了四大分类：噪音、宁静声音、单调声音和颤音.

替换表达：boring/dull/tedious

2.中国跟其他快速发展的国家一样,都面临着古老的习俗和传统逐渐消亡的风险.如果中国功夫或者京剧从地球上消失,那将是不可估量的悲剧.ForChina,asforanyotherrapidlydevelopingcountry,thereisadangerthat

age-old

(古老的)customsandtraditionsmaydieout.IfkungfuorPekingoperaever

perishedfromtheearth(2.从地球上消失),itwouldbeatragedy

ofimmeasurableproportions(3.不可估量的).

1-age-old

词典释义：age-oldUK

['eɪdʒˌəʊld]

US

[-ˌoʊld-]

literary

adjective

[beforenoun]

■veryold

古老的;由来已久的

•an

age-old

storyofloveandbetrayal以爱和背叛为题材的古老故事

外刊例句：Formusicalproofofthis,considertheeagernesswith

whichtheJapaneseperiodicallyforsaketheirhigh-techexistenceandimmerse

themselvesintheir

age-old

music-theatre.

()要想在音乐领域找到该理论的证明,可以看看日本人对音乐的热情：日本人每隔一段时间就会逃离其高科技生活,一头扎进那些老旧的音乐厅欣赏音乐.

替换表达：ancient

2-perishfromtheearth

词典释义：perish['per.ɪʃ]

verb

intransitive

DIE

死亡

■todie,especiallyinanaccidentorbybeingkilled,or

tobedestroyed

(尤指因意外或遇害)丧生,死亡;湮灭;毁灭•Threehundredpeople

perished

intheearthquake.有300人在此次地震中丧生.•HebelievesthatEuropemustcreateclosertiesoritwill

perish.他认为整个欧洲必须建立更紧密的联系,否则就会灭亡.

外刊例句：ItendedwithLincoln’sresolutionthat"thisnation,under

God,shallhaveanewbirthoffreedomandthatgovernmentofthepeople,by

thepeople,forthepeople,shallnot

perish

fromtheearth”.

()它以林肯的坚定言辞来结尾：国家在上帝福佑下得到自由的新生,并且这个民有、民治、民享的政府将永世长存.

替换表达：disappear/vanishfromtheearth

3-ofimmeasurableproportions

词典释义：

UK

[prə'pɔ：.ʃən]

US

[-'pɔ：r-]

noun

IMPORTANCE

重要性

uncountable

■usedinanumberofphrasestomeanimportanceand

seriousness

重要性,严重性•You'vegottokeepa

senseof

proportion

(=the

abilitytounderstandwhatisimportantandwhatisnot).你得会辨别轻重缓急.•Ithinkacertainamountofworryaboutworkisverynatural,but

you'vegotto

keepitin

proportion

(=judgecorrectly

itsseriousness).我认为对工作有点担心是很自然的,但不要过分担心.

外刊例句：JohnRawlings,givingthesermonattheBMA'straditional

pre-conferenceservicelastnight,saidthedebacleoverjobsforjunior

doctors"hasbroughtheartache

of

immeasurableproportions".

()昨晚,琼·罗琳在英国医生协会传统的会前仪式上教训众人道,初级医生的工作失职已经导致了(病人)"不可估量的痛苦感."

替换表达：ofimmense/huge/massiveproportions

Q：①atragedyofimmeasurableproportions是什么用法?②我的表达为："immeasurable"意为："too

large,greatetc.tobemeasured",是一个formal的形式,更适合用于书面语中.这边我不理解为什么还要加proportion,直接用aimmeasurabletragedy来表达不可估量的悲剧不就行了吗?A：ofimmeasurable/immense/huge/massiveproportions是一个固定表达,含义是"极其重要,不可估量的”,例如朗文词典例句：anecologicaltragedyofenormousproportions极其严重的生态悲剧

Q：老师,anyother后只能接单数吗?网上有些说只能接单数,但是字典上也有后接复数形式的,我不是很清楚,所以想问下老师.A：当anyother用于疑问句或否定句时,后面使用复数名词,例如：

(1)Doesanyonehaveanyotherideas?(2)Thereweren'tanyotherchildrenforustoplaywith.

当anyother用于其他情形时,后面接单数名词,例如：SaudiArabiaproducesmoreoilthananyothercountry.沙特阿拉伯的石油产量比其他任何国家都要高.

3.随着低价航班和廉价包办旅游的增多,加上中国对外的开放,过去的几十年见证了来华外国游客的激增.每年都有数以百万计的游客前往中国感受那里丰富的文化遗产以及秀丽的自然风光.Withtheriseof

budgetairlines(1.低价航班)andcheap

packagetours(2.包办旅游),combinedwithChina'sopening-uptotheoutsideworld,thepastfewdecadeshavewitnessed

asurgein

(3.……的激增)foreigntouristsinChina.Everyyear,millionsoftouristsmaketheirwaytoChinatoexperienceitsrichculturalheritageand

exquisitenaturalbeauty(4.秀丽的自然风光).

1-budgetairlines

词典释义：budget['bʌdʒ.ɪt]

adjective

[beforenoun]

■verycheap

低廉的•a

budget

holiday/hotel/price廉价旅行度假／廉价旅馆／低廉的价格

外刊例句：Sincetakingoffinthemid-1990s,Europe's

budgetairlines

havesoaredto

accountforathirdofallairtravelintheregion.

()欧洲的廉价航班自上世纪90年代中期出现后,如今已经占欧洲航班总数的三分之一.

替换表达：cheapflights/low-pricedflights

学生错误表达：Lowerflights点评：没有lowerflights的说法,应该改为budgetairlines/cheapflights

2-packagetours

词典释义：package

tour/packageholiday6.N-COUNT

可数名词

包价(旅游)

A

package

tour,or

inBritishEnglisha

package

holiday,isaholidayarrangedbyatravelcompanyinwhichyour

travelandyouraccommodationarebookedforyou.

【搭配模式】：usuNn•Ifyouareona

package

holiday,yourtravelcompany'srepshouldactonyourbehalf.如果你是参加包价旅游,你的旅行社代表将代为行事.

替换表达：packageholidays

外刊例句：Of36mbreakstakenbyBritishholidaymakersin2011,15m

were

packagetours,accordingto

marketresearchcompanyKeyNote,whichreporteda"resurgence"in

all-inclusivepackagetours.

()据市场调查公司KeyNote报道,英国游客人数在2011年突破了3.6亿大关,其中1.5亿人次是包办旅游游客,这显示了专属包办旅游的"复苏”.

学生错误表达：Travelpackage点评：应该改为固定说法packagetours/holidays

3-asurgein

词典释义：surgeUK

[sɜ：dʒ]

US

[sɝ：dʒ]

noun

countable

ADVANCED

■asuddenandgreatincrease

陡增,遽增,急遽上升•Anunexpected

surge

in

electricalpower

causedthecomputertocrash.突然出现的电压遽增导致电脑当机.•Therehasbeena

surge

in

houseprices

recently.最近房价飞涨.

外刊例句：Ethereum’s

surge

inturnhelpedinflateanotherbubble.

()以太坊的涌现相应地助长了其他泡沫诞生.

替换表达：asuddenincreasein

4-exquisitenaturalbeauty

词典释义：exquisite[ɪk'skwɪz.ɪt]

adjective

BEAUTIFUL

美丽的

■verybeautiful;delicate

精美的;精致的;优雅的

•an

exquisite

pieceofchina一件精致的瓷器•Lookatthis

exquisite

painting看看这幅精美的油画.•Shehas

exquisite

taste.她品味高雅.

外刊例句：HisargumentsareunderminedbytheUSnavy,which,ina

messagetorecruitstoitsbasethere,describesDiegoGarciaasoneofthe

world'sbest-keptsecrets,boasting"unbelievablerecreational

facilitiesand

exquisitenatural

beauty"and"outstanding"livingconditions.

()美国海军使其言论变得无力,美国海军在其征集新兵到该基地的信息中把迪哥加西亚岛描绘为世界上保存得最好的神秘岛屿,拥有"难以置信的娱乐设施和秀丽的自然风光,以及出众的居住环境.”

替换表达：beautifulnaturallandscape

Q：asurge后面可以加of么?低价航班可以用low-price么还是low-priced?airlines能否用flights代替?A：asurgeof/in都可以,例如：asurge

ofrefugeesintothecountry涌入这个国家的难民/asurgein

foodcosts食品成本的急剧增加

"低价航班”可以说low-pricedflights,一般没有low-pricedairlines的说法

4.随着每天数以千计的游客涌入长城和故宫,有一个风险是这些历史遗迹可能会遭受严重的,甚至是不可挽回的损害.Withthousandsoftourists

flockingdailyto

(1.每天涌入)theGreatWallandtheForbiddenCity,thereisariskthatthesehistoricsitesmay

incur(2.遭受)severe,andeven

irrevocable(3.不可挽回的),damage.

1-flockdailytosomeplace此处daily是副词,位置较灵活,放在了flocktosomeplace中间.

词典释义：flockUK

[flɒk]

US

[flɑ：k]

verb

intransitiveusually+adverborpreposition

■tomoveorcometogetherinlargenumbers

聚集;群集;蜂拥•Hundredsofpeople

flocked

to

the

footballmatch.数百人蜂拥前来观看足球比赛.•[+

to

infinitive]Crowdsofpeople

flocked

toseethePicassoexhibition.大群人蜂涌去看毕加索画展.

外刊例句：Thebiggestbanksarethere,asisthestockexchange.

Legionsoflawyers,accountantsandbankers

flockdailyto

thetowerssurroundingKingandBaystreets.()最大的银行和股票交易中心都在那里.该地区的律师、会计和银行家每天都涌到国王湾街的各种高楼大厦.

替换表达：goinlargenumbersto

2-incur

词典释义：incurUK

[ɪn'kɜ：r]

US

[-'kɝ：]

(-rr-)

slightly

formal

verb

transitive

■toexperiencesomething,usuallysomethingunpleasant,as

aresultofactionsyouhavetaken

招致;遭受

•to

incur

debts/fines/bills招致债务／遭到罚款／要付帐•Theplayhasincurred

thewrath/anger

ofboth

audiencesandcritics.这部剧引起了观众和评论家的愤怒.•Pleasedetailany

costs/expenses

incurredbyyouin

attendingtheinterview.请详细列出你参加这次面试所需承担的一切费用.

外刊例句：Inotherwords,iftheestimatedexposureofachildtoa

particularchemicalmeansonlyoneinamillionwill

incur

damage,thatisanacceptablerisk.()换言之,若某种化学物与儿童接触时,预计仅有百万分之一的概论会给他们带来伤害,那么这种风险是尚可接受的.

替换表达：su