（高考英语作文炼句）第38篇译文老师笔记

PAGEPAGE11.比起稳定和有保障,当今大部分年轻人更加看重经验和个人的满足.通过做各种各样的工作可以积攒强大的经验,以及发展出被雇主极为看重的可转移性技能.Mostyoungpeopletodayvalueexperiencesand

personalfulfilment

(1.个人的满足)abovestabilityandsecurity.Bydoingavarietyofjobsitispossibletobuildup

aformidablebankofexperience

(2.积攒强大的经验)anddevelopthe

transferableskills

(3.可转移的技能)thatare

highlyregardedby

(4.被……极为看重的)employers.

1-personalfulfilment

词典释义：fulfilment

(US

usually

fulfillment)[fʊl'fɪl.mənt]

noun

uncountable

STHYOUDO

所做的事

■whensomeonedoessomethingthatisnecessaryor

somethingthattheyhavewantedorpromisedtodo

完成;实现•Formanywomen,the

fulfilment

offamily

obligations

preventsthefurtheranceoftheircareer.对于很多女性来说,担负起家庭的责任便阻止了她们在事业上的进一步发展.•Beinghereisthe

fulfilment

of

alifelong

ambition.来到这里就是完成了一生的雄心壮志.

(US

usually

fulfillment)[fʊl'fɪl.mənt]

noun

uncountable

FEELING

感觉

■afeelingofpleasurebecauseyouaregettingwhatyou

wantfromlife

满足;满意•Shefinally

found

fulfilment

inmotherhood.她最终在做母亲后获得了满足感.•sexual

fulfilment性满足

外刊例句：TheNetGenershavegrownupwithcomputers;theyare

brimmingwithself-confidence;andtheyhavebeenencouragedtochallenge

receivedwisdom,tofindtheirownsolutionstoproblemsandtotreatworkas

arouteto

personalfulfilment

ratherthanmerelyawayofputtingfoodonthetable.

()网络一代与电脑一同成长.他们充满自信,一直受鼓励去挑战世俗观点,寻找自己的解决问题方法,要把工作看作满足自我的方法,而非仅仅为了养家糊口.

替换表达：personalsatisfaction/self-achievement

2-buildupaformidablebankofexperience

buildup侧重"过程性”,强调一个逐步积累的过程.

词典释义：buildup1.PHRASAL

VERB-ERG

(使)积聚;(使)逐渐增加

Ifyou

buildup

somethingorifit

builds

up,itgraduallybecomesbigger,forexamplebecause

moreisaddedtoit.•TheregimebuiltupthelargestarmyinAfrica...该政权逐渐建立起一支非洲规模最大的军队.•Thecollectionhasbeenbuiltupoverthelastseventeen

years...在过去的17年中,收藏的规模不断扩大.

•Slowlyathicklayeroffatbuildsuponthepan's

surface.慢慢地,平底锅表面积起了一层厚厚的油脂.

formidable

UK

[fɔ：'mɪ.də.bl]

US

[fɔ：r-]

adjective

ADVANCED

■causingyoutohavefearorrespectforsomethingor

someonebecausetheyarelarge,powerfulordifficult

可怕的;令人敬畏的;难对付的•a

formidable

obstacle/task令人生畏的障碍／任务•a

formidable

adversary/enemy/opponent难对付的敌手／劲敌／强大的对手•a

formidable

intellect令人敬畏的知识分子•disapproving

thedirectorandhis

formidable

wife导演和他那令人生畏的妻子

外刊例句：JoeGodden,professionalofficeratTheBritishAssociation

ofSocialWorkers(BASW)advisesthosewantingtogetintosocialworktobe

flexible–youmayneedtobuildup

yourexperience

throughotherwork.

()乔伊是英国义工协会的专职官员,他建议那些想加入到义工行列的人得学会变通——你可能需要通过干各种活来积累经验.

替换表达：buildupa

wealthofexperience/buildupconsiderableexperience

学生错误表达：(1)

Strong/powerful

experience点评：这里属于典型的直译错误,strong/powerful不可以与experience搭配,这里可以改为awealthofexperience

3-thetransferableskills

词典释义：transferable

1.ADJ

形容词

可转让的;可转移的

Ifsomethingis

transferable,itcan

bepassedormovedfromonepersonororganizationtoanotherandusedby

them.•Usethe

transferable

skillsacquiredfromyourpreviousworking

background…先前工作中学到的技能能为现在所用的就多加利用.•YourRailcardisnot

transferable

toanyoneelse.你的火车优惠卡不能转让给其他人.

外刊例句：Suchschoolsarebeingencouragedtoworkmorecloselywith

businessesandteachmore

transferableskills.

()政府鼓励这类学校与公司更紧密地合作,教会学生更多可转移的技能.

4-arehighlyregardedby

词典释义：regard

●●●●○1.VERB

动词

认为;把…看作

Ifyou

regard

someone

orsomething

as

beingaparticularthingor

as

havingaparticular

quality,youbelievethattheyarethatthingorhavethatquality.•Hewas

regardedasthemostsuccessfulChancellorofmodern

times...他被认为是现代最为成功的财政大臣.•I

regard

creativitybothasagiftandasaskill.我认为创造力既是一种天赋也是一种技巧.

外刊例句：Hewasoneofthegreatsinger-songwritersofthe60sfolkscene,more

highlyregardedby

somethanPaulSimon.

()他是60秒民族乐节目最好的创作型歌手之一,某些人认为他比保罗·西蒙还要厉害.

替换表达：behighlyvaluedby

学生错误表达：(1)

emphasizedby点评：emphasize是指"强调,着重(某事)”,例如：Thereportemphasizestheimportanceofimprovingsafety

standards.报告强调了改进安全标准的重要性.它与behighlyregardedby意思有所区别.

Q：这里bank的用法是什么?A：这里是abankofsomething的用法,含义是"一堆……”

anamountofsththatiscollected;a

placewheresthisstoredreadyforuse

•

库存;库：

»abankofknowledge

知识宝库

»a

blood/spermbank

血/精液库

Q：查COCA总是提示升级到premium,是不是不升级就用不了了?A：可以清除浏览器缓存,或者换个浏览器查询

2.一次次调查都证明男性和女性在职场中是不平等的.男性得到了大部分好工作,而且在很多时候做的工作和女性一摸一样,但收入更多.这个问题在高职位人群中最为明显,而且很多女性都谈到玻璃天花板现象.Surveyaftersurveyhasproventhatmenandwomenarenotequalintheworkplace.Menget

thelion'sshareof

(1.大部分的……)thebestjobs,andinmanycasesgetpaidmorefordoingexactlythesameworkaswomen.Theproblemismost

pronounced

(2.明显的)forthehighestpositions,andmanywomentalkofa

glassceiling(3.玻璃天花板现象).

1-thelion'sshareof

词典释义：thelion'sshare

■thelargestpart

ormostofsomething

最大份额,大部分•Reputablecharitiesspendthe

lion'sshare

of

donationsonaidandatinyfractiononadministration.声誉好的慈善机构将捐款的大部分都花在援助上,只有极少部分用于管理.

外刊例句：Italythenreceived

thelion’sshareof

arrivals,withmorethan100,000people

enteringtheEUin2016fromthesouth,mosthavingsetofffromLibya.()意大利那时接收了绝大多数外来者;超过10万人在2016年从南部进入欧洲,大部分来自利比亚.

替换表达：thelargemajorityof/mostof

2-pronounced

词典释义：pronounced

[prə'naʊntst]

adjective

■verynoticeableorcertain

明显的;明确的•I'mtoldIhaveavery

pronounced

Englishaccent

whenIspeakFrench.有人告诉我说,我在说法语时有明显的英国口音.•She'sawomanofvery

pronounced

viewswhichsheis

notafraidtoair.她是个从不讳言其观点的女人.

外刊例句：Businesslobbygroup'slatestinsightinto

privatesectorrevealsslowdown,whichismost

pronounced

inservicesandretailsectors.

()商业游说团伙对于私有成分的最新观察揭露了其正减慢发展步伐,而服务业和零售业尤其明显.

替换表达：noticeable/obvious/evident

3-aglassceiling

词典释义：glass

ceilingnoun

countableusuallysingular

■apointafterwhichyoucannotgo,usuallyinimprovingyourpositionatwork

无形限制,无形顶障(通常指职务晋升中无法逾越的限制)

•Variousreasonsaregivenfortheapparentglassceilingwomenhitinmanyprofessions.显然,在很多行业中女性的升迁都受到无形限制,对此人们给了不同的解释.

外刊例句：The

ideabehindtheexpressionwasthatatransparentbarrier,

a

glassceiling,blockedthem.()这番话的背后意思就是：一个透明的阻碍,或者说是无形限制,阻碍了他们.

3.很多情形下在家工作会有很大好处.例如,如果电脑系统在周末出现问题,负责人可以很快在家修复然后继续周末生活,而不用一路奔波回到办公室.Thereareawiderangeofoccasionswhen

workingfromhome(1.在家工作)wouldbegreatlybeneficial.Forexample,ifacomputersystemdevelopsaproblemattheweekend,thepersonresponsiblecanquicklyfixitfromhomeand

carryonwith(2.继续)theirweekend,ratherthantraveling

alltheway

(3.一路)intotheoffice.

1-workfromhome

词典释义：

▪

workfrom/athome

(=doyourworkathomeinsteadofatanoffice)

Iworkathomethreedaysaweek.

外刊例句：Nowonderasurveyofbusinessownersby

VirginMediaBusinessrecentlypredictedthat60%ofoffice-basedemployees

willregularly

workfromhome

by

2022.()难怪由维京媒体公司组织的公司老板调查会预计：60%在办公室工作的员工在2022年将变成在家办公.

替换表达：workathome

学生错误表达：workinghome点评：遗漏了介词,这里应该改为work

at/fromhome

2-carryonwithsth

词典释义：carryon

1.especiallyBrEtocontinuedoingsomething继续：•Sorry,I

interruptedyou.Pleasecarryon.很抱歉我打断了你,请继续.carryondoingsth•You'llhavean

accidentifyoucarryondrivinglikethat.如果你继续那样开车的话会出事故的.[+

with

]•Iwanttocarryon

withmycourse.我想继续我的课程.carryonasusual/asyouare/regardlessetc一如既往地进行下去

外刊例句：InSeptember1989hetoldthem—inaspeech

onlypublishedyearslater—tobe"calm,calmandagaincalm”andto

carryonwith

China'sreforms.()他在1989年9月对他们说"保持冷静,保持冷静,继续保持冷静”,并且继续推动着中国的改革,而这番演说在一年后才刊登出来.

替换表达：get/goonwithsomething

3-alltheway

词典释义：alltheway

phrase

1.

ifyoudosomethingall

theway,youputallyoureffortintodoingit

2.

ifyousaythatyougo

ortravelallthewaysomewhere,youemphasizethatitisalongway

We’ll

havetogoallthewaybacktogetthelist.

外刊例句：Andthesemoney-grabbingtouchesextend

alltheway

intotheshow.

()这些敛财手段贯穿整个节目.

替换表达：straight

Q：我不太明白workingfromhome为什么要用from,不用介词at?A：这里说workingfrom/athome都是可以的.

Q：可以辨析一下responsible和incharge吗?A：incharge的含义是：ifyouareincharge,youhavecontroloversomeoneorsomething

andareresponsibleforthem,incharge可以理解为"对某事有控制权,并且为止负责”,但responsible只是指"对……有责任”,没有"控制权”这一层含义.

Q：ratherthantravelingall

thewayintotheoffice.ratherthan后面的travel不是和前面的fix,carryon并列么?为什么要用traveling?A：这里用ratherthantravelling或者ratherthantravel都可以,ratherthan的用法可以参考韦氏词典的解释：

ratherthan

1

：

inplaceof(somethingorsomeone)

：

insteadof(somethingorsomeone)

Hewritesatatable

rather

than

adesk.

Whydoonething

ratherthan

another?

Ratherthan

usingdriedherbs,hepickedfreshonesfromthe

garden.

：

andnot

Shereactedbylaughing

rather

than

bygettingupset.

Hewashappy

ratherthan

sad.

2

—usedtosaywhatisnotchosenordonebecausesomethingelse

ischosenordoneinstead

Ratherthan

continuetheargument,shewalkedaway.

Ichosetosing

ratherthan

playaninstrument.

4.能够在家工作对于残疾人也有很大帮助.他们的工作本身可能并不需要他们行动自如,但在之前每天必须要出门上班这一点对他们造成了阻碍.有了更好的远程系统,身体残疾的人的可雇佣性就会大大增加,这也减少了长期失业者的数量.Beingabletoworkfromhomeis

amassiveboostfor

(1.对……有很大帮助)disabledpeople.Theirjobmaynotrequire

mobility(2.行动自如)initself,butpreviouslytherequirementtotraveltoworkeachdaywas

prohibitive(3.阻碍性的).Withbetterremotesystems,theemployabilityofthosewithphysicaldisabilitiesisgreatlyincreased,reducingthenumberof

long-termunemployed(4.长期失业者).

1-amassiveboostfor

词典释义：massive['mæs.ɪv]

adjective

IMPROVER

■verylargeinsize,amountornumber

巨大的;大量的•They'vegota

massive

house.他们有一座很大的房子.•Shediedaftertakinga

massive

overdoseofdrugs.她在吸食过量毒品后死亡.•Ifthedroughtcontinues,deathswilloccurona

massive

scale.如果旱情持续,将有大批人死亡.

boost[bu：st]

noun

countableusuallysingular

ADVANCED

■whensomethingis

boosted

推动,促进;提高;增长•Theloweringofinterestrateswillgiveamuch-needed

boost

to

theeconomy.利率的下调将会给经济注入急需的推动力.•Passingmydrivingtestwassucha

boost

to

my

confidence.通过了驾驶执照考试使我自信心大增.

外刊例句：Mostofall,itis

a

massiveboostfor

allofuswhowantafairerjobsmarket–andabigslapinthefaceforthe

government.

()最重要的是,我们每个想要工作市场变得更公平的人都受此裨益,而且这是一记对政府的响亮耳光.

替换表达：beofgreathelptosomebody/helpsomebodygreatly

2-mobility

词典释义：mobilityUK

[məʊ'bɪl.ɪ.ti]

US

[moʊ'bɪl.ə.tˌi]

noun

uncountable

slightly

formal

■theabilitytomovefreelyorbeeasilymoved

活动性,流动性•Someneckinjuriescausetotallossof

mobility

belowthepointofinjury.某些颈部损伤会导致受伤部位以下肢体完全丧失活动能力.•Ipreferthe

mobility

ofahand-heldcamera.我更喜欢手提摄像机的灵活性.

外刊例句：Itwillalsobeusedbyfixed-lineoperators,

whichdonotrequire

mobility,to

pluggapsintheirfixed-linebroadbandcoverage,forexampleinremoteand

ruralareas.

()这会极大造福那些不需要灵活性的固定线路操作者,让他们可以减少其固定宽带覆盖的差距,比如在偏远农场地区的网络服务.

替换表达：freedomofmovement

学生错误表达：moving

flexibility点评：没有moving

flexibility的说法,这里可以改为mobility

3-prohibitive

词典释义：prohibitive

2.aprohibitiverulepreventspeoplefromdoingthings〔规定〕禁止性的,起阻止作用的：•prohibitive

regulations禁律

外刊例句：Alternatively,thecostsofenteringan