安徽省五校联考2024-2025学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题 含解析

颍上一中蒙城一中淮南一中怀远一中涡阳一中2025届高三第一次五校联考英语试题考生注意：1.本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将答题卡上项目填写清楚。3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whydidn’tthewomanmakeacake?A.Shewasverybusy.B.ShehurtherhandsC.Shewasveryangrywiththeman.2.Whatisthemanusedto?A.Beingdoneharmto.B.Wearingnohat.C.Goingoutonacoldwinterday3.WherewillMaryprobablygotonight?A.Toherhometown.B.ToTom’shome.C.Totheconcert.4.WhoisprobablyHank?A.Thewoman’sboss.B.Thewoman’sbrother.C.Thewoman’sclassmate.5.Whenisthemancheckingin?A.OnTuesday.B.OnThursdayC.OnFriday.第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.TobuyanMP4.B.TorepairherMP4.C.ToreplaceherMP4.7.Whatistheman?A.Arepairman.B.Asalesclerk.C.Amanager.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.WhydoesthewomantalktoProfessorSmith?A.Totakeanadvancedcourse.B.Toaskforsomeadvice.C.Toborrowsomebooks.9.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthemathcourseshehasalreadytaken?A.Shefounditveryeasy.B.Shehadahardtimekeepingup.C.Shewasn’tsatisfiedwithhergrade.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Wheredoesthewomanplantogo?A.ToMaryWhite’s.B.Upnorth.C.Nowhere.11.WhodoyouthinkMaryWhiteis?A.Anexperienceddoctor.B.Theirfriend.C.Bob’ssister.12.Howmanypeoplewillgo?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatarethetwospeakersdoing?A.Lookingforagiftforthewoman’smother.B.Lookingaroundthestorewithoutpurpose.C.Lookingforagiftfortheman’smother.14.Whyisitdifficultforthewomantosolvetheproblem?A.Becausehermotherishardtoplease.B.Becausehermotherhasalmosteverything.C.Becausetherearesomanythingsthatshecan’tmakeuphermind.15.Whichofthefollowingdoesthemansuggestbuying?A.SomeChinesetea.B.Somegrapewine.C.Wineglasses.16.Whatdotheydecidetobuyasagiftatlast?A.Ateapot.B.Afryingpan.C.Apairofglasses.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatdidthewriterdooneday?A.Shepaidavisittoherfriend.B.Shewenttotelephoneheroldfriend.C.Shevisitedafriendandhadlunchwithhim.18.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothisstory?A.Thewriterhadnotmuchdifficultyinfindingaparkingplace.B.Ittookherforty-fiveminutestofindaplacetoparkhiscar.C.Itwasverydifficultforthewritertofindaparkingplace.19.Howdidshelookforhercar?A.Herfriendcalledapoliceman.B.Sheexaminedeverycarinthestreet.C.Sheaskedapolicemanforhelp.20.Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?A.Drivinginthecityisapleasure.B.Itisjoyfultofindyourcarinthecrowd.C.Trafficinthecityisaheadache.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AEXPLORETHESEICONICGLOBALSPORTINGEVENTSAreyouasportsenthusiastlookingtoexperiencetheworld’smostthrillingcompetitions?Looknofurther.Herearesomeofthemosticonicsportingeventsgloballythatpromiseexcitementandunforgettablememories.TheOlympicGames,heldeveryfouryears,bringtogetherathletesfromaroundtheglobetocompeteinawiderangeofsports.Summerorwinter,theOlympicsshowcasethepinnacleofhumanathleticachievement.Apartfromtheawe-inspiringtalentondisplay,theeventfostersaspiritofinternationalunityandculturalexchange.Next,theFIFAWorldCupcapturestheheartsoffootballfansworldwide.Thistournament,heldeveryfouryears,seesnationscompeteforthetitleofworldchampion.Withitspassionatefanbaseanddramaticmatches,theWorldCupisacelebrationofskillandteamwork,elevatingfootballtoitshighestlevel.AnothereventworthnotingistheWimbledonChampionships,theoldesttennistournamentintheworld.HostedinLondonannually,Wimbledonisfamousforitslushgrasscourtsandstrictadherencetotradition.Playersstriveforgloryinthisprestigiouscontest,makingitamust-watchfortennisaficionados.Theseeventsoffernotonlycompetitionbutauniqueculturalexperience,drawingspectatorsfromallwalksoflife.Whetheryou’reinthestandsorwatchingfromhome,theelectricatmosphereispalpable.Somarkyourcalendarsandpreparetobepartofhistory.1.Thispassageismeantto________.Acomparedifferentsports. B.criticizeinternationalsportingevents.C.analyzetheeconomicimpactofsportingevents. D.provideanoverviewofmajorsportscompetitions.2.Whichsportingeventisspecificallyknownforitstraditionalsetting?A.TheSuperBowl B.TheOlympicGamesC.TheFIFAWorldCup D.TheWimbledonChampionships3.Whatcommonthemeissharedbyalltheeventsmentioned?A.Theyareheldonceayear.B.Theyfeatureonlyindividualsports.C.Theyemphasizeculturalunityandglobalparticipation.D.Theyareexclusivelyforamateurstomakethemstronger.【答案】1.D2.D3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了标志性的全球体育赛事。【1题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Herearesomeofthemosticonicsportingeventsgloballythatpromiseexcitementandunforgettablememories.(以下是一些全球最具标志性的体育赛事，它们有望为您带来激动人心的回忆和难忘的回忆。)”可知，本文主要对一些重大体育竞赛进行概述，故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“HostedinLondonannually,Wimbledonisfamousforitslushgrasscourtsandstrictadherencetotradition.(温布尔登网球公开赛每年在伦敦举办，以其茂盛的草地球场和严格遵循传统而闻名。)”可知，温布尔登网球公开赛以其茂盛的草地球场和严格遵循传统而闻名。故选D项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Apartfromtheawe-inspiringtalentondisplay,theeventfostersaspiritofinternationalunityandculturalexchange.(除了展示令人敬畏的人才外，该活动还培养了国际团结和文化交流的精神。)”及第三段中“Withitspassionatefanbaseanddramaticmatches,theWorldCupisacelebrationofskillandteamwork,elevatingfootballtoitshighestlevel.(世界杯拥有热情的球迷群和戏剧性的比赛，是对技能和团队合作的庆祝，将足球提升到最高水平。)”以及倒数第二段中“Playersstriveforgloryinthisprestigiouscontest,makingitamust-watchfortennisaficionados.(球员在这项享有盛誉的比赛中争夺荣耀，使其成为网球爱好者的必看之作。)”可知，这些赛事共同的主题是强调文化团结和全球参与，故选C项。BOnSept.29,busdriverRadford-Bakerbeganhershiftlikeanyotherpeople.Itwasshewasfillinginforanotherbusdriverthatdaythatitturnedoutshewasintherightplaceattherighttime.Radford-BakerwasabouttodropoffstudentsatSeagovilleNorthElementarySchoolwhensomethingwentwrong-allofitcaughtonsurveillancevideo(监控录像).Videofrominsidethebusshowed7-year-oldPrestonBellputsomethinginhismouth.Momentslater,hedroppeddownbetweentheseatsbeforeheadingtowardhisbusdriver.“HementionedsomethingaboutapennyandIimmediatelysaid,Penny?Ijustgrabbedhim,randownthestairswithhim.Onmywaytothesidewalk,IwasactuallyperformingtheHeimlichmaneuver,”Radford-Bakerexplained.“ThewholeentiretimeI’msaying,‘Baby,breathe.Igotyou.Breathe,’”shecontinued.Hewaslimpandblueintheface.ThatiswhenRadford-Bakerspottedaparentandaskedhertocall911.Radford-BakersaidshehadneverperformedtheHeimlichbefore,butinthatmoment—hertrainingkickedin.“Iwasnervousatthetime.ButIcouldn’tpanic,”shesaid.“AllIsaidtomyselfwas,‘God,helpme.Helpmesavethisbaby.’”Shedidn’tevenrealizewhenaquarterflewoutofPreston’smouth.“Theladysaid,‘Ma’am,there’saquarterthere,’andI’mstillinshockbecauseI’mstilltryingtoworkwithhimandhesteppedtothesideandsaid,‘I’mOK.Icanbreathe,’”Radford-Bakerrecalled.“ItwasapowerfulreliefformebecauseIcan’tbelievethatIjustreversedthiswholethingthatcouldhavereallygonewrong.”Shedoesn’tknowhowshegotthecouragetodowhatshedidthatday,butsheknows,“IfeellikeGodplacedmethereforareason...Imean,ifIwasn’tthere,Idon’tknowwhattheotherdrivermayhavedone.”4.WhydidPrestonBellwalktowardthedriver?A.Becausehetrippedovertheseats. B.Becausehechokedonacoin.C.Becausehesuddenlyfellunconscious. D.Becauseheruinedthevideodevice.5WhatdidRadford-BakerdowhileperformingtheHeimlichmaneuver?A.Shecomfortedthestudent. B.Shetriedtospotthestudent’sparent.C.Shecalled911forimmediateassistance. D.Shegavethestudentmouth-to-mouthbreathing.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“kickedin”meaninPara.4?A.Passeddown. B.Poppedup. C.Cameintobeing. D.Didthetrick.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeRadford-Baker?A.Earnestandsympathetic. B.Adventurousandcompetent.C.Courageousandcomposed. D.Approachableandconsiderate.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了公交车司机Radford-Baker在紧急情况下救助被硬币噎住的学生PrestonBell的故事。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Videofrominsidethebusshowed7-year-oldPrestonBellputsomethinginhismouth.Momentslater,hedroppeddownbetweentheseatsbeforeheadingtowardhisbusdriver.(公交车内的监控录像显示，7岁的PrestonBell把某样东西放进了嘴里。片刻之后，他倒在座位之间，然后走向司机)”和文章第三段“Hementionedsomethingaboutapenny…(他提到了硬币...)”可知，PrestonBell在吃了某样东西后突然倒下，并走向司机，同时提到了硬币。结合后文Radford-Baker的描述，可以推断PrestonBell是因为被硬币噎住而走向司机求助。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段““Onmywaytothesidewalk,IwasactuallyperformingtheHeimlichmaneuver,”Radford-Bakerexplained.“ThewholeentiretimeI’msaying,‘Baby,breathe.Igotyou.Breathe,’”(在走向人行道的路上，我其实正在执行海姆立克急救法，”Radford-Baker解释道。“我一直在说，‘宝贝，呼吸。我在这里。呼吸，’”)”可知，Radford-Baker在执行海姆立克急救法时，一直在安慰和鼓励学生呼吸。故选A。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据上文“Radford-BakersaidshehadneverperformedtheHeimlichbefore,but…(Radford-Baker说她之前从未执行过海姆立克急救法，但……)”可知，Radford-Baker虽然之前没有执行过海姆立克急救法，但在紧急情况下，她的训练发挥了作用。这里的“kickedin”意思是“开始起作用，奏效”。因此，选项D“Didthetrick(奏效，起作用)”是正确的。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段““HementionedsomethingaboutapennyandIimmediatelysaid,Penny?Ijustgrabbedhim,randownthestairswithhim.Onmywaytothesidewalk,IwasactuallyperformingtheHeimlichmaneuver,”Radford-Bakerexplained.“ThewholeentiretimeI’msaying,‘Baby,breathe.Igotyou.Breathe,’”shecontinued.Hewaslimpandblueintheface.(“他提到了硬币，”Radford-Baker解释道，“我立刻问，‘是硬币吗？’然后我就抓住他，和他一起跑下楼梯。在去人行道的路上，我其实正在给他做海姆立克急救法。”“我一直对他说，‘宝贝，呼吸。我在这里，呼吸，’”她继续说道。他当时身体绵软，脸色发青)”可推知，Radford-Baker在紧急情况下表现出极大的勇气和冷静。她不仅迅速反应执行急救法，还一直安慰学生并寻求帮助。这些行为展示了她的勇敢和镇定。因此，选项C“Courageousandcomposed(勇敢且镇定)”最能描述Radford-Baker。故选C。CThegrandmotherofaone-year-oldgirlallowedtwoangryco-passengerstotakehergranddaughtertotherestroomfordiscipliningasshewascryingcontinuouslyduringaflight.Theyevenfilmedtheincidentandposteditonsocialnetworkingsites,sparkingwidespreadandheateddiscussion.Inthevideo,thelittlegirlisseensqueezedinsideanarrowrestroomwiththetwofemalepassengers,cryingastheyrepeatedlytellhershecan’tleaveuntilshestopscrying.Anumberofparentswhowatchedthevideolosttheircool,feelingthatsocietyhasbecometoostrict,evenchild-averse.Theyrecalledhowtravellingwiththeirkidswasananxiousandunsettledexperience,alwaysfearingthatanynoisemightannoyothers.Anetizensharedonlinethatshehasbeenrepeatedlyinstructedbytrainorflightattendantsto“keepherchildundercontrol”,leadinghertofeeldiscriminatedagainstasamother.LiuMinghui,alawyerwiththeDaoRongLawFirminBeijing,saidthisactionisinappropriateandifthechildfallsillasaresult,itinfringes(侵害)onherrighttohealth.Liualsoemphasizedthatguardiansshouldneverallowstrangerstotaketheirchildrenaway,astherisksaresimplytoounpredictable.QiaoXinsheng,aprofessoroflawfromZhongnanUniversity,saidparents’permissivenesswasmakingchildrenundisciplined,andhavingstrangersstepinmightbeaneffectiveapproach,solongasdonewiththeguardian’sagreementandpresence.In2011,Germany,knownforitsstrictnoisecontrol,changeditslawtoallownoiseexemption(豁免)rightstochildrenundersix,recognizingthattheirsoundsarenaturalandharmlesstotheenvironment.Whilechildrenaremindfulofothersfromanearlyage,thepublicshouldoffermorepatienceandunderstanding.Don’tbehardonthem.8.Whywasthelittlegirltakentotherestroomontheplane?A.Tobearblame. B.Torelieveherself. C.Tofilmtheincident. D.Tocryoutalone.9.Howdidmanyparentsfeelatsightofthevideo?A.Angryandshocked B.IndifferentandspeechlessC.Desperateanddepressed D.Embarrassedandguilty10.Whatcanbeinferredbasedondifferentpeople’sviews?A.Childrendisciplinedbystrangerscanberesilient.B.Twostrangersmaytakepotentialconsequencescaused.C.Permissiveparentingcanerasedisciplineproblems.D.Theguardian’spresencefreesstrangers’responsibility11.Whatdoestheauthormainlyconvey?A.Becautiousofstrangers. B.Don’tbeangrytothepersonintears.C.Betolerantofignorantchildren. D.Don’tblamethechildforanyfault.【答案】8.A9.A10.B11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述飞机上小女孩被陌生人管教这一事件以及引发的广泛讨论，探讨在公共场合对待儿童哭闹等情况应持有的态度。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Thegrandmotherofaone-year-oldgirlallowedtwoangryco-passengerstotakehergranddaughtertotherestroomfordiscipliningasshewascryingcontinuouslyduringaflight.(一名一岁女孩的祖母允许两名愤怒的同机乘客带她的孙女去洗手间进行管教，因为在飞行途中女孩一直在不停地哭泣)”可知，小女孩在飞机上一直哭，两名愤怒的同机乘客要带她去洗手间管教她，也就是让她去承担被管教的责任。故选A项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Anumberofparentswhowatchedthevideolosttheircool,feelingthatsocietyhasbecometoostrict,evenchild-averse.(不少观看影片的家长失去了冷静，觉得社会变得太严格了，甚至厌恶孩子)”可知，很多看过视频的父母都很生气，觉得社会变得太严格，甚至厌恶孩子了。由此可知，他们是既生气又震惊的。故选A项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“LiuMinghui,alawyerwiththeDaoRongLawFirminBeijing,saidthisactionisinappropriateandifthechildfallsillasaresult,itinfringes(侵害)onherrighttohealth.Liualsoemphasizedthatguardiansshouldneverallowstrangerstotaketheirchildrenaway,astherisksaresimplytoounpredictable.(北京道荣律师事务所的律师刘明辉说，这种行为是不恰当的，如果孩子因此生病，就侵犯了她的健康权。刘还强调，监护人绝不能允许陌生人带走他们的孩子，因为风险实在是太不可预测了)”可知，律师刘明辉认为这种行为不合适，两名陌生人这样做可能会带来潜在的后果。故选B项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Thegrandmotherofaone-year-oldgirlallowedtwoangryco-passengerstotakehergranddaughtertotherestroomfordiscipliningasshewascryingcontinuouslyduringaflight.Theyevenfilmedtheincidentandposteditonsocialnetworkingsites,sparkingwidespreadandheateddiscussion.(一名一岁女孩的祖母允许两名愤怒的副乘客带她的孙女去洗手间管教，因为孙女在飞行过程中不断哭泣。他们甚至将事件拍摄下来并发布到社交网站上，引发了广泛而激烈的讨论)”及最后一段“In2011,Germany,knownforitsstrictnoisecontrol,changeditslawtoallownoiseexemption(豁免)rightstochildrenundersix,recognizingthattheirsoundsarenaturalandharmlesstotheenvironment.Whilechildrenaremindfulofothersfromanearlyage,thepublicshouldoffermorepatienceandunderstanding.Don’tbehardonthem.(2011年，以严格噪音控制而闻名的德国修改了法律，允许6岁以下儿童享有噪音豁免权利，承认他们的声音是自然的，对环境无害。虽然孩子们从小就关心他人，但公众应该提供更多的耐心和理解。不要对他们太苛刻)”可推知，作者主要是想传达公众应该对孩子多一些耐心和理解，不要对他们太苛刻，也就是要宽容无知的孩子。故选C项。DScientistshavecreatedavirtualbrainnetworkthatcanpredictthebehaviorofindividualneurons(神经元)inalivingbrain.Themodelisbasedonafruitfly’svisualsystem,whichoffersscientistsawaytoquicklytestideasonacomputerbeforeinvestingweeksinexperimentsinvolvingactualfliesorotherlabanimals.Theapproach,describedinthejournalNature,alsosuggeststhatpower-hungryartificialintelligencesystemslikeChatGPTmightconsumemuchlessenergyiftheyusedsomeofthecomputationstrategies(计算策略)foundinalivingbrain.Afruitflybrainis“smallandenergyefficient,”saysJakobMacke,aprofessorattheUniversityofTubingenandanauthorofthestudy.“It’sabletodosomanycomputations.It’sabletofly,it’sabletowalk,it’sabletodetectpredators,it’sabletosurvive-usingjust100,000neurons.”Incontrast,AIsystemstypicallyrequirecomputerswithbillionsoftransistors(晶体管)Worldwide,theyconsumeasmuchpowerasasmallcountry.WhenscientiststhinkaboutAIrightnow,theleadingchargeistomaketheseAIsystemsmorepowerefficient.Borrowingstrategiesfromthefruitflybrainmightbeonewaytomakethathappen,hesays.Thevirtualbrainnetworkwasmadepossiblebyintenseresearchonthecompositionandstructureofthefruitflybrain.Muchofthisworkwasdonebytheteamwhichhasmapsthatshoweveryneuronandeveryconnectionintheinsect’sbrain.Thesemapshelpcreateacomputermodelthatcanbehavemuchlikethefruitfly’svisualsystem.Thissystemaccountsformostoftheanimal’sbrain.“BrainsaresocomplexthatIthinktheonlywayweareeverabletounderstandthemisbybuildingaccuratemodels,”Mackesays.Ultimately,theteamproducedamodelthatcouldpredicthoweveryneuronintheartificialnetworkwouldrespondtoaparticularvideo.Remarkably,themodelalsopredictedtheresponseofneuronsinactualfruitfliesthathadseenthesamevideosinearlierstudies.Futureversionsofthemodelareexpectedtoextendbeyondthevisualsystem.andtoincludetasksbeyonddetectingmotion.“Wenowhaveaplanforhowtobuildwhole-brainmodelsofbrainsthatdointerestingcomputations,”Mackesays.12.Whatcanavirtualbrainnetworkgetscientiststoguess?A.Howtheflybrainworksafteranexperimentaltest. B.Howneuronsinanimals’brainfunctionindividually.C.Howafruitfly’svisualsystemcomesintobeing. D.Howscientists’predictioncanbepassedquickly.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph3mean?A.LoweringAIsystems’energyconsumption. B.KnowingstrategiesfromthefruitflybrainC.MeasuringChatGPT’computingaccuracy. D.EvaluatingthequantityofAI’stransistors.14.Howcanbuildingmodelshelpscientistsknowcomplexbrains?A.Preciselyandstatistically. B.Ambiguouslyandabstractly.C.Accuratelyandtheoretically. D.Directlyanduniversally.15.Whatisfutureversionsofthemodelexpectedtobe?A.AI-assistedToolsforwhole-brainscience. B.Complexsystemsfordetectingmotion.C.Wonderfulvideosrecordingneurons’responses D.Multi-functionalartificialnetworks.【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍科学家创建的虚拟大脑网络这一科研成果，包括其基于果蝇视觉系统的创建原理、能够预测活体大脑中单个神经元行为的功能，以及阐述该成果对人工智能系统能耗问题的启发，最后还提及了该模型未来版本的拓展方向及其潜在影响。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Scientistshavecreatedavirtualbrainnetworkthatcanpredictthebehaviorofindividualneuronsinalivingbrain.(科学家创造了一个虚拟大脑网络，该网络能够预测活体大脑中单个神经元的行为。)”可知，虚拟大脑网络能让科学家预测活体大脑中单个神经元的行为，也就是动物大脑中的神经元是如何单独发挥作用的，故选B项。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段中“WhenscientiststhinkaboutAIrightnow,theleadingchargeistomaketheseAIsystemsmorepowerefficient.Borrowingstrategiesfromthefruitflybrainmightbeonewaytomakethathappen,hesays.(当科学家们现在想到人工智能时，首要任务是使这些人工智能系统更加节能。他说，借鉴果蝇大脑的策略可能是实现这一目标的一种方法。)”可知，that指代的是降低人工智能系统的能源消耗，故选A项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Thesemapshelpcreateacomputermodelthatcanbehavemuchlikethefruitfly’svisualsystem.Thissystemaccountsformostoftheanimal’sbrain.(这些地图有助于创建一个计算机模型，该模型的行为与果蝇的视觉系统非常相似。这个系统可以解释大部分的动物大脑。)”可知，该模型与果蝇的视觉系统非常相似，而且可以解释大部分的动物大脑行为，说明该模型可以直接地帮助科学家了解普遍动物的复杂的大脑行为。故选D项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Futureversionsofthemodelareexpectedtoextendbeyondthevisualsystem.andtoincludetasksbeyonddetectingmotion.‘Wenowhaveaplanforhowtobuildwhole-brainmodelsofbrainsthatdointerestingcomputations,’Mackesays(该模型的未来版本有望超越视觉系统。并包括探测运动以外的任务。“我们现在有一个计划，如何构建可以进行有趣计算的大脑全脑模型，”Macke说)”可知，该模型的未来版本有望超越视觉系统，并且包括除检测运动之外的其他任务，即成为全脑科学人工智能辅助工具。故选A项。第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheImpactofExtracurricularActivitiesonStudentDevelopmentExtracurricularactivitiessignificantlycontributetopersonalandsocialdevelopment,preparingstudentsforfuturechallenges.Workingtowardsacommongoalenhancestheirpersonalabilitytocollaborateandcommunicateeffectively.___16___.Whenstudentsengageingroupprojects,theylearntheimportanceofresponsibilityandcanbuildlastingrelationshipsbasedonmutualrespectandunderstanding.Moreover,extracurricularactivitiesprovideaplatformforstudentstodiscoverandpursuetheirpassions.Whetherit’sinarts,science,orcommunityservice,theseexperiencesallowstudentstoexplorevariedinterestsoutsidetheclassroom.___17___Thisexplorationhelpsstudentsdevelopasenseofidentityandpurpose,crucialfortheirpersonalgrowthanddecision-makingskills.Despitethesebenefits,balancingextracurricularactivitieswithacademicresponsibilitiescanbechallenging.Studentsoftenfacethedilemmaofmanagingtheirtimeefficientlytomeetbothacademicandextracurricularcommitments.___18___Timemanagementbecomesanessentialskill,enablingstudentstoprioritizeandmaintainbalanceintheirlives.Furthermore,beinginvolvedinactivitiesoutsideschoolcanexpandastudent’ssocialnetwork.Itoffersopportunitiestoconnectwithpeerswhohavesimilarinterests,fosteringfriendshipsthatextendbeyondschool.___19___Theseconnectionscanleadtoasupportivenetworkthatprovidesencouragementandadviceduringchallengingtimes.Educatorsandparentsshouldencouragestudentstoparticipateinextracurricularactivitiesstrategically.Guidingstudentstochooseactivitiesthatalignwiththeirinterestsandpotentialcareerpathscanenhancetheiroveralleducationalexperience.___20___Thisguidancehelpsstudentsprepareforfutureacademicandcareeraspirations,makingthetransitionsmoother.A.Solearningtosetprioritiesbecomesessential.B.Theybecomeexpertinhandlingdiversereal-worldcases.C.Additionally,itcanimprovestudents’academicperformanceindirectly.D.Therefore,studentsoftenfindtheseexperiencesrewardingandenriching.E.Similarly,such.interactionscanbroadentheirbetterunderstandingoftheworldF.Thisdynamicenvironmentfostersbothpersonalandinterpersonaldevelopment.G.Ultimately,thisguidanceisvitallyimportantforfuturecareersuccessandadaptability.【答案】16.F17.D18.A19.E20.G【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了课外活动对学生个人和社会发展的影响，以及教育者和家长应如何引导学生战略性地参与课外活动。【16题详解】上文“Workingtowardsacommongoalenhancestheirpersonalabilitytocollaborateandcommunicateeffectively.(为共同目标而努力可以提高他们的个人合作和有效沟通能力)”指出共同目标对提升个人能力的作用，F项“Thisdynamicenvironmentfostersbothpersonalandinterpersonaldevelopment.(这种动态的环境促进了个人和人际关系的发展)”中的this指代上文提到的“为共同目标而努力'”这种环境，且F项进一步说明了这种环境对个人和人际关系发展的促进作用，与上文衔接紧密。故选F项。【17题详解】上文“Whetherit’sinarts,science,orcommunityservice,theseexperiencesallowstudentstoexplorevariedinterestsoutsidetheclassroom.(无论是在艺术、科学还是社区服务方面，这些经历都能让学生探索课堂之外的各种兴趣)”指出课外活动可以让学生探索课堂之外的兴趣，D项“Therefore,studentsoftenfindtheseexperiencesrewardingandenriching.(因此，学生往往觉得这些经历很有收获，也很丰富)”是对上文内容的总结，指出学生能从这些课外活动中获得益处，且D项中的“therefore”与上文构成因果关系，衔接自然。故选D项。【18题详解】上文“Studentsoftenfacethedilemmaofmanagingtheirtimeefficientlytomeetbothacademicandextracurricularcommitments.(学生们经常面临高效管理时间以满足学术和课外承诺的两难境地)”指出学生在时间管理上面临的挑战，A项“Solearningtosetprioritiesbecomesessential.(所以学会设定优先级变得至关重要)”中的“so”与上文构成因果关系，指出面对时间管理的挑战，学会设定优先级是必要的，与上文衔接紧密。故选A项。【19题详解】上文“Itoffersopportunitiestoconnectwithpeerswhohavesimilarinterests,fosteringfriendshipsthatextendbeyondschool.(它提供了与有相似兴趣的同龄人交流的机会，培养了超越学校的友谊)”指出课外活动能让学生与有相似兴趣的同龄人建立联系，E项“Similarly,suchinteractionscanbroadentheirbetterunderstandingoftheworld.(同样，这样的互动可以拓宽他们对世界的更好理解)”中的similarly与上文构成并列关系，进一步指出这种互动对学生理解世界的积极作用，且E项中的“such”指代上文提到的“与有相似兴趣的同龄人交流的机会”，衔接自然。故选E项。【20题详解】上文“Guidingstudentstochooseactivitiesthatalignwiththeirinterestsandpotentialcareerpathscanenhancetheiroveralleducationalexperience.(引导学生选择符合他们兴趣和潜在职业道路的活动可以增强他们的整体教育体验)”指出教育者和家长应引导学生战略性地参与课外活动，G项“Ultimately,thisguidanceisvitallyimportantforfuturecareersuccessandadaptability.(最终，这种指导对未来职业成功和适应能力至关重要)”中的“thisguidance”指代上文提到的“引导学生选择活动”，且G项进一步强调了这种指导对学生未来职业成功和适应能力的重要性，与上文衔接紧密。故选G项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。It’s11a.m.onaglowingPerthdayandI’mwalkingmyblackLabradorbytheriver.She___21___theneatgrassedgingthefootpath.Aglimpseofthebottlenosedolphinsthatcallthisriverhomewould___22___myday.That’swhenIsuddenlythinkofmyson,Alex.WhenAlexmovedtoNewYork,itlefta___23___inmyheart.ButIwasn’t___24___he’dtriedlivingthere—hewasanenthusiastforlife.Whenhewasyoung,heloveditwhenhisgrandfather___25___FrankSinatraonthecarstereo.NewYork,NewYorkwashisfavoritesong.Nowhe’saNewYorker,___26___withconcreteandglass,livinginafifth-floorapartmentwithhiscompanions.I’malwaysexcitedbyhis___27___calls,givingmeapeekintohislife.Thephotoshe’sshownmeoftheblackcatthatlivesnearhishomearesofunny.Hetoldmeto___28___thecatonInstagram,whereIlearnedthecatwasthewayofdrivingoffmillionsofratsthat___29___hismodestlittlehome.___30___,myworriesaboutratsfeelsmall-scalecomparedwithmyotherpreviousconcerns.Iremembermy___31___backinFebruarywhenAlexwasseriouslyill,and18,000kmawayonlyaddedtomy___32___sorrow.ThequietnessisbrokenbyavideocallfromAlex.Iturnmyphonesohecanseethegentleriverwevisited.Suddenlytheconnection___33___andAlexisgone.Eyesbrimming,IspotMotherdolphinsnurturingtheirbabiesandpassingonlifelessonsjustasI’vedonebefore.NowAlexhas___34___andhastheconfidencetoexplorelifeonhisown.Mysadnessismixedwithpride,evenifhe’shavingallthose___35___alongside.21.A.tastes B.sniffs C.touches D.barks22.A.fill B.enrich C.have D.make23.A.hole B.scar C.memory D.song24.A.surprised B.scared C.delighted D.concerned25.A.read B.wrote C.composed D.played26.A.equipped B.surrounded C.decorated D.packed27.A.urgent B.temporary C.precious D.reliable28.A.catch B.delete C.shoot D.follow29.A.reached B.found C.shared D.abandoned30.A.Instead B.Still C.Also D.Thus31.A.hardships B.barriers C.fears D.despair32.A.protection B.reflection C.connection D.separation33.A.breaksaway B.dropsout C.hangsabout D.takesoff34.A.recovered B.resigned C.matured D.travelled35.A.rats B.cats C.companions D.natives【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.A25.D26.B27.C28.D29.C30.B31.C32.D33.B34.C35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位母亲对远在他乡儿子的思念之情以及她从自然中获得的情感慰藉。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她嗅着沿着人行道整齐修剪的草。A.tastes尝；B.sniffs嗅；C.touches触摸；D.barks吠叫。根据上文“It’s11a.m.onaglowingPerthdayandI’mwalkingmyblackLabradorbytheriver.”可知，我带着我的黑色拉布拉多犬在河边散步，狗通常会用鼻子嗅闻草地。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到那些把这条河当作家园的宽吻海豚会让我这一天变得特别美好。A.fill充满；B