2025届新教材高考英语全程一轮复习Unit4AdversityandCourage学生用书新人教版选择性必修第三册

UNIT4ADVERSITYANDCOURAGE(一)分类识记单词——用时少·功效高识记单词写对Ⅰ.知其意1．adversityn.________________2．expeditionn.________________3．vigourn.________________4．cupboardn.________________5．stewardn.________________6．stoven.________________7．miserableadj.________________8．cosyadj.________________9．barkvi.&n.________________10．rugbyn.________________11．batn.________________vi.&vt.________________12．nephewn.________________13．corporateadj.________________14．motorn.________________adj.________________Ⅱ.写其形1．___________n．工资2．___________adv.&prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)3．___________n．毯子4．___________n．[pl.]财物；动产5．___________n.&vi.航海；航行6．___________n．海军；海军部队7．___________adj.脾气好的/坏的8．___________adj.真正的；真诚的；可信任的9．___________n．(轮船、飞机等上面的)全体工作人员；专业团队；一群人10．___________adj.深化的；彻底的；细致的11．___________n．消遣；消遣；嬉戏12．___________adj.汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的13．___________n．动机；缘由；目的14．___________n．候选人；应试者15．___________adj.潮湿的；湿气重的核心单词练通1．Friendsarenotbooks,yetbooksarefriends.Friendsmaybetrayyou,whilebooksarealways________(忠诚的).2．WhenMaryconductedtheeveningpartyonthestage,hercolleagueslookedatherwith________(艳羡).3．Shedidthecleaningandwipedawaythedustfromallthe________(家具)thewholemorning.4．ThereisafamoussayingbasedonChinesephilosophy：“________(味苦的)pillsmayhaveblessedeffects.”5．Underthe__________(指导)ofourteacher，wefinishedtheexperimentperfectly.6．Hurryup!Weneedtogettothetopofthemountainbeforethesun________(下沉)inthewest.拓展单词用活Ⅰ.记全记牢1．qualifyvt.(使)具有资格；(使)合格→________adj.符合资格→________n．资格；资格证书2．endurevt.忍耐；容忍→________n．忍耐力；耐久力3．enthusiasticadj.热忱的；热心的→________adv.热心地→________n．热心；热忱4．assignvt.分派；布置；安排→________n．安排；任务5．abandonvt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃；沉迷于→________adj.被抛弃的；无约束的6．selfishadj.自私的→________adv.自私地→________n.自私自利7．perseverevi.坚持；孜孜以求→________n．毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神8．resolvevi.&vt.确定；决心；解决(问题或困难)n．决心；坚决的信念→________n．决议；解决；坚决9．fortunen．财宝；命运；运气→________adj.不幸的→________adv.不幸地；缺憾地10．advertisevt.&vi.公布；宣扬；做广告→________n．广告活动；广告业→________n．广告11．crueladj.残酷的；残忍的→________n．残忍；残酷12．commitvt.犯(错误、罪行等)vi.&vt.(使)担当义务；(使)作出保证→________adj.不遗余力的；坚决的→________n．承诺；保证；奉献Ⅱ.用准用活1．TodayIamas________aboutmyjobasthefirstdayandmy________enablesmetotreatmyjob________．(enthusiastic)2．________，hereceivedalarge________fromhisunclewhoiswarm-heartedandgenerous.(fortunate)3．He________himselftoworkingdayandnight.His________wonhimagreatreputation.(commit)4．Hehaseducational________andhenceheiswell________forthejobasatutor.(qualify)5．①Iwouldliketoapplyforthepositionwhich____________(advertise)inyesterday'snewspaper.②Havingstruggledtofindajobformonths，Maryfinallytookapositionatalocal________(advertise)agency.③IfIhadseenthe________(advertise)intimeIwouldhaveappliedforthejob.6．This________boywas________himselftotakingdrugs.(abandon)7．Itseemsthatwegaveupsomestrengthforgreater________(endure).8．NeverwillZhouYang(ZY)forgethisfirst________(assign)attheofficeofapopularEnglishnewspaper.(二)语境记忆短语——不枯燥·爱好高Ⅰ.记全记牢1．__________________拒绝(某人)2．__________________生火3．__________________放出(热、光、气味或气体)4．__________________保持某人昂扬的心情5．__________________使某人振作起来6．__________________对……厌倦的7．__________________回报某人8．__________________困住；陷于9．__________________对……热忱10．__________________坚持住；等一下；别挂断Ⅱ.用准用活选用左栏短语填空1．Lastyear，neithertheexpertsnorthephysician______________________thecurefortheseveredisease.2．Theircar________________themud,sotheyhadnochoicebuttowaitforrescue.3．Honestlyspeaking,Ican'timaginewhyshe________________yourkindofferyesterday.4．Idohopeshecan________________andacceptthechallengeoflifebravely!5．Nancyandhersisterpickedsomebranches,________________andprepareddinnerintheopenair.·会积累联想拓展·1.“旅行”名词家族①voyage航行；航海②tour(观光)旅行③travel旅行④journey(长途)旅行⑤trip(短途)旅行；外出⑥outing远足2.“真诚；诚恳”家族①sincereadj.真诚的sincerelyadv.真诚地②genuineadj.真诚的；真心的genuinelyadv.真诚地；诚恳地③heartyadj.亲切的；真诚的；热诚的④honestadj.诚恳的；正直的3．你会“打电话”吗？①ringsb.up给某人打电话②callsb.up给某人打电话③givesb.aphone/call/ring给某人打电话④call/ringback回电话⑤holdon别挂断⑥ringoff/hangup挂断(三)仿写用活句式——造佳句·表达高句式背诵句型1Ithappenedthat...碰巧……Well,itsohappenedthatonemorningIboughtanewspaperandreadtheadvertisementabouttheAntarcticexpedition.好吧，一天早晨，我碰巧买了份报纸，看到了这则有关南极探险的招募广告。句型2if引导虚拟条件句Ifitweren'tforseaanimals,wewouldallstarve.假如没有海洋动物，我们都会饿死。句型3keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语Ourdisciplineandteamspiritkeptusoptimisticandhelpedusdealwithourfearsinapositiveandsuccessfulway.我们的纪律和团队精神让我们保持乐观，并帮助我们以主动和胜利的方式处理我们的恐惊。句式仿写1．碰巧我看过贾玲导演的电影，所以我把情节告知了他们。____________________IhadseenthefilmdirectedbyJiaLing,soItoldthemtheplot.2.要不是互联网，我们不行能这么简单地保持联系。____________________，wecouldn'tkeepintouchwitheachothersoeasily.3．你最好每天留出一些时间运动一下以便保持精力充足。Youhadbettersetasidesometimeeverydayforsportssothatyoucan________________．过重难解惑释疑——先练透再写美·互动探究1.enthusiasticadj.热忱的；热心的(1)beenthusiasticabout(doing)sth.对(做)……热忱(2)enthusiasmn.热忱；热忱lack/befullofenthusiasm缺乏/充溢热忱withenthusiasm热忱地(3)enthusiasticallyadv.热忱地；热心地[佳句]Iamnotonlyenthusiasticbutalsoeasytogetalongwith，whichmakesmequalifiedforthevoluntaryworkadvertisedinthenewspaper.我不仅热忱而且简单相处，这使得我适合报纸上所刊登的志愿者工作。[练透]——单句语法填空①Heisselfishandbad-tempered.Thus，hewillneverbeenthusiastic________helpingthoseintrouble.②[2024·天津3月卷]Althoughexhausting,itgavemeenergy,________(enthusiastic)andhappiness.[写美]——读后续写佳句③[2024·全国卷Ⅰ，读后续写]尽管失败了几次，伯纳德和杰克仍旧热忱地做爆米花。BernardandJackstillmadepopcorn________________inspiteofseveralfailures.2.aboardadv.&prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)(1)goaboard上船(飞机、火车等)(2)boardvt.&vi.上船(或火车、飞机、公共汽车等)n.木板；董事会；伙食onboard在船(火车或飞机)上(3)broadadj.宽敞的；广袤的(4)abroadadv.在/到国外；在/到海外goabroad出国[佳句]Theinstanttheyoungcouplewentaboardtheship/boardedtheship，theywereeating，talkingandlaughingloudlyasiftheyweretheonlypeopleintheworld.这对年轻夫妇一上船，他们就吃东西，说话，大笑着，似乎他们是这世界上仅存的人。[练透]——补全句子①Hewastall____________(宽宽的肩膀)andabeardandalways________________(面带微笑).②Accordingtotheairlinerules，wesuggestyou(should)switchoffyourmobilephonebefore________________(登上飞机).[写美]——应用文之告知信③得知你将去国外深造，我写信告知你一些必要的留意事项。____________________________________，I'mwritingtoinformyouofsomenecessarydosanddon'ts.3.envyn．&vt.艳羡；嫉妒(1)envysb.sth.艳羡某人有某物envysb.doingsth. 艳羡某人做某事(2)withenvy 艳羡地；嫉妒地outofenvy 出于嫉妒greenwithenvy嫉妒地眼红[佳句]Honestlyspeaking，IdoenvyyougettingthetitleoftheExcellentGraduateandIshouldfollowyourexample.醇厚说，我真艳羡你获得了优秀毕业生的称号，我应当向你学习。[近义]admire[练透]——单句语法填空①Onlyshehasaccesstosuchpreciousresources，which____________(envy)byherfellows.②Allthegirlsatthedancewatchedher________envywhenshedancedwiththeprince.[写美]——应用文佳句③李明不仅学得快，而且擅长用逻辑思维解决难题，我都有点眼红了。NotonlyisLiMingquickatlearningbutalsoheisgoodatsolvingtoughproblemswithlogicalmind.________________．4.abandonvt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃(1)abandononeselfto...沉湎于……；尽情于……(to为介词)abandondoingsth.放弃做某事(2)withabandon放纵地；放任地(3)abandonedadj.被遗弃的；放纵的beabandonedto沉湎于……[佳句]Iwasabouttoabandonhopewhenmyfathercameandencouragedmetokeeptrying.我刚要放弃希望时，爸爸过来激励我要接着尝试。[近义]desert,giveup[练透]——单句语法填空①Theyoungmanabandonedhimselfto________(drink)alldaybecauseofhisfailure.②However,lastmonth,theseplans________(abandon)becauseoffinancialproblems.③Tenminuteslater,theyarrivedatthat________(abandon)station.[写美]——微写作④感到懊丧，我发觉自己沉湎于玩电脑嬉戏。__________________，Ifoundmyself______________________playingcomputergames.5.guidancen．指导；引导；导航(1)underone'sguidance在某人的指导下provideguidance 供应指导personalguidance 亲自指导(2)guidevt. 指导；指引n. 向导[佳句]IdobelieveIamsuitedforthisvoluntaryworkandcanserveasyourguide.[浙江6月，书面表达]我信任我很适合这份志愿工作，并能担当贵公司的导游。[练透]——单句语法填空①WhenIwasintrouble,heoffered________(guide)tomeonmycareer.②________(guide)bythesun,theywalkedtowardstheirdestinationthroughthewoods.[写美]——应用文佳句③要是我生活在他的时代，听从他的教育就好了！IfonlyIhadlivedinhistimesand__________________________！6.resolvevi.&vt.确定；决心；解决(问题或困难)n．决心；坚决的信念(1)resolvetodo...决心做……resolveondoing... 确定做……(2)resolutionn． 决议；解决；坚决makearesolutiontodo... 下定决心做……[佳句]Culturalrelicsrepresentthewisdomofourancestors，soourcountryhasresolvedtosparenoefforttoprotectthem.文化遗产代表我们祖先的才智，因此我们国家确定不遗余力地爱护它们。[指津]“解决；处理”荟萃：①settle;②handle;③dealwith;④attendto[练透]——单句语法填空①Iresolved____________(turn)downhisinvitationbecausemyteacherassignedtoomuchhomework.②Thestewardhas__________(resolve)manyproblemsontheplaneperfectly，soheiscertainlyqualifiedforhisjob.[写美]——写作话题之人际沟通③为了解决冲突，我们应当学会多沟通，把自己放在别人的位置上。____________，weshouldlearntocommunicatemoreandputourselvesinothers'place.7.turnsb.down拒绝(某人)turnin上交；拐入turnout 结果是；证明是；生产；制造turnover 翻身；移交；转变turnoff 关掉turnto 向……求助turnup 出现；到场；开大；调高[佳句]Tomhadtoturndowntheinvitationtothepartylastweekendbecausehewastoobusy.上周末汤姆不得不拒绝参与聚会的邀请，因为他太忙了。[练透]——用turn的相关短语填空①[2024·全国卷Ⅰ]He____________theforestdepartmentforhelpbutwastoldthatnothingwouldgrowthere.②IsincerelyhopeyourtripinChinawill____________amostunforgettableexperienceinlife.[写美]——应用文佳句③一些闻名的中国艺术家将出席展览并表演。SomefamousChineseartistswill________________________．8.句型公式：if引导虚拟条件句Ifitweren'tforseaanimals,wewouldallstarve.假如没有海洋动物，我们都会饿死。虚拟条件句主句与现在事实相反的假设动词的过去式(be动词一般用were)would/could/should/might＋动词原形与过去事实相反的假设had＋过去分词would/could/should/might＋have＋过去分词与将来事实相反的假设(1)动词的过去式(2)wereto＋动词原形(3)should＋动词原形would/could/should/might＋动词原形[佳句]Iftheteachershadn'tgivenmeahand，Iwouldn'thavemadefriendswithmyclassmates.假如老师们没有帮助我，我就不会和我的同学交挚友了。[练透]——单句语法填空①Ifmybrotherwerehere，everything____________(be)allright.②Theymighthavefoundabetterhotelifthey____________(drive)afewmorekilometers.③Ifit____________________(rain)thisafternoon,thebasketballmatchwouldbeputoff.[写美]——应用文佳句④假如我是一名环卫工人，我会让我们的城市更干净，街上没有任何垃圾。________________________withnorubbishlyingonthestreet.●刷题强训·精题细作●(维度1)词形转换1．[2024·全国卷Ⅱ]Usuallytheoffenderwouldappearattheendoftheday,andIwouldreturnthe________(belong).2．Ifyouareseriousaboutourrelationship,youshouldmakea________(commit).3．________(fortunate),theydidn'tseizetheopportunitytofinishthese________(assign)aheadoftime.4．Ittookthecity________(rough)2weekstorestorethegardentoitsformerbeauty.5．Dozensof________(qualify)studentstookpartinthecampaignandpractisedfrequentlyunderthe________(guide)ofsomeexperiencedwritersandteachers.(维度2)固定用法和搭配在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式1．Myheart________(sink)whenIwasinformedthatmymoderatereformsendedupinfailure.2．Overthepastdecade,aglobalpushtoreducehungerandextremepoverty________(mark)somesignificantsuccess.3．Wehaveresolved________(reduce)ourcarbonfootprintbyrestrictingtheamountofcarbondioxideourlifestylesproduce.4．Asisknowntousall，hehasremainedloyal________hispoliticalprinciplesandhewillneverbetrayhismotherland.5．Ourmonitorisenthusiastic________creatingaharmoniouscampusandheoftenlaunchessomecampaignstopromoteit.6．Facedwithchallenges,you'dbetterkeep________agoodstateofmind.7．________acruelmanhewas！Everyonepresentatthemeetingwasshocked.(维度3)依据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或运用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇WhenitcomestotheSilkRoad,ZhangQian,oneofthemostinfluentialexplorersoftheSilkRoad,willcometomymind.ZhangQianwasagreatexplorerduringtheHanDynasty①_____________________(被派去西域两次).②___________________(不管天气多坏),heneverabandonedhis③________(assign).Hemadegreatcontributionstoopeningtheeast-westrouteconnectingChina'sHanwiththewesternregions.Furthermore,henotonlyintroducedsilkandotherproductstothewestbuthealsobroughtbackmanynewproductsandknowledgeoftechnologiesoftheoutsideworld④__________________________________________________(用倒装句升级加黑体部分).⑤________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(激励我的是他完成探险的毅力和决心).测效果素养提能——先提能再培优·素养落实提能一熟词生义1．[2024·新高考全国卷，读后续写]Jennathrewtheburntpieceintothesinkandputintheothersliceofbread.____________2．Pahlssonandherhusbandsearchedthekitchen,checkingeverycorner,butturnedupnothing.____________3．Thebarkoftheyoungtreewasremovedandsoonitdied.____________提能二读后续写微技能—动作描写之mouth动“嘴”日积月累“嘴”词汇open-mouthed目瞪口呆的，one'smouthwiden咧开嘴，cup/coverone'smouth捂住某人的嘴，mouthdrop/hangwideopen张大嘴巴，one'sheartinone'smouth心惊胆战1.按要求用表“动嘴”的表达补全以下各句①闻到三明治的香味，饥饿的小女孩起先流口水了。__________________________.(mouth作主语)②她刚要拿起三明治咬一口，突然一只手捂住了她的嘴。____________________________.(mouth作宾语)③她的哥哥一把抢走了她的三明治放入自己口中。______________________________．④她抬起头，目瞪口呆地看着他。________________________________________.(合成词)⑤三明治没了，当泪水顺着脸颊流下来时，她咬住她的下嘴唇以免嘴唇颤抖。______________________________．⑥他捂住嘴偷笑。__________________________．2．将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵成文，留意运用合适的连接过渡词汇________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________UNIT4ADVERSITYANDCOURAGE过基础晨读晚练(一)分类识记单词识记单词写对Ⅰ.知其意1．逆境；逆境2.探险；远征；探险队3.精力；力气；活力4.橱柜；壁橱；衣柜5．(轮船、飞机或火车上的)乘务员；服务员6.炉具；厨房灶具7.苦痛的；令人难过的8.温馨的；舒适的9.(狗)吠叫；吠叫声10.橄榄球运动11.球拍；蝙蝠用球板击球；挥打；拍打12.侄子；外甥13.公司的；法人的；社团的14.发动机；马达有引擎的；机动车的Ⅱ.写其形1．wage2.aboard3.blanket4．belongings5.voyage6.navy7．good/bad-tempered8.genuine9．crew10.thorough11.recreation12.rough13.motive14.candidate15.damp核心单词练通1．loyal2.envy3.furniture4.Bitter5．guidance6.sinks拓展单词用活Ⅰ.记全记牢1．qualifiedqualification2.endurance3．enthusiasticallyenthusiasm4.assignment5．abandoned6.selfishlyselfishness7.perseverance8.resolution9.unfortunateunfortunately10.advertisingadvertisement11．cruelty12mitmentⅡ.用准用活1．enthusiasticenthusiasmenthusiastically2．Fortunatelyfortune3．mitment4．qualificationsqualified5．①wasadvertised②advertising③advertisement6．abandonedabandoning7．endurance8.assignment(二)语境记忆短语Ⅰ.记全记牢1．turnsb.down2.makefire3.giveoff4.keepone'sspiritsup5.cheersb.up6.beboredwith...7.paidsb.back8.be/becomestuckin9.beenthusiasticabout...10.holdonⅡ.用准用活1．wasenthusiasticabout2.wasstuckin3.turneddown4.cheerup5．madefire(三)仿写用活句式1．Itsohappenedthat2．Ifitweren'tfortheInternet3．keepyourselfenergetic过重难解惑释疑1．①about②enthusiasm③enthusiastically/withenthusiasm2．①withbroadshouldersworeabroadsmile②boardingtheplane③Learningthatyouwillgoabroadforfurtherstudy3．①isenvied②with③Iamgreenwith