22高三一轮复习成果检测卷（综合）-备战2025年高考英语

试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页高三一轮复习成果检测卷（综合）（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）考生注意：1．答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔分别填写在试题卷和答题纸规定的位置上。2.答题时，请按照答题纸上“注意事项”的要求，在答题纸相应的位置上规范作答，在本试题卷上的作答一律无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）注意，听力部分答题时请先将答案标在试卷上，听力部分结束前你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whoarethespeakers?A．Adoctorandapatient. B．Abossandasecretary. C．Asalesmanandacustomer.【答案】B【原文】M:I’mbackfromlunch.Anyphonecalls?W:Yes.AMr.Greencalled.Heaskedyoutocallhimback.M:Okay.Didyoutypethoselettersforme?W:I’malmostfinished.I’mtypingthelastonenow.2．Wherearethespeakers?A．Inthepostoffice. B．Inthebookstore. C．Inthedepartmentstore.【答案】A【原文】W:Hi!IwanttomailthisboxofbookstoParis.M:Sure.Butthere’saweightlimitoffivekilograms,andthatboxlooksbig.W:Oh,Ithinkitweighslessthanfivekilograms.M:Let’ssee…yes,fourkilogramseven.3．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Classarrangements. B．Gradingpolicies. C．Examresults.【答案】B【原文】M:ProfessorJohnson,Iamwonderinghowyouaregoingtocalculateourfinalgrades.W:Theyarebasedonmanythings:homework,attendance,andperformanceinmonthlyexams,midterms,andfinals.M:Whatcountsthemost?W:ActuallyIlookatallofthemandlet’snotforgetclassparticipation.4．Whyisthewomancomplainingabouttheroom?A．Itlacksprivacy. B．Itistooexpensive. C．Itisverysmall.【答案】A【原文】W:Youtoldmeweweregoingtohaveaprivatebathroomwhenyoubookedtheroom.M:Ithas,andit’sfarlessexpensivethanwehadexpected.W:Butthere’sonlyonepublicbathroomonthisfloor,andweneedtoshareitwithfourotherpeople!5．Whatwillthewomanconsiderdoing?A．Takingthedrivingtest. B．Borrowingtheman’scar. C．Buyingasecond-handcar.【答案】C【原文】W:NowthatI’vepassedmydrivingtest,I’mthinkingofbuyingacar.Butthepricesarecrazy.M:Yeah.Howaboutausedcar,likemine?Icouldreachmydealerforyou.W:I’llthinkaboutthat.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7题。6．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Courseschedules. B．After-classactivities. C．Animportantdrama.7．Whatdoesthemaninvitethewomantodo?A．Watchaplay. B．Performinadrama. C．Joinaclub.【答案】6．B7．A【原文】M:Areyouinvolvedinanythingoncampusbesidesstudying?W:Well,I’montheschoolband,andIworkfortheschoolmagazine.

M:Wow.Theycertainlykeepyourhandstied.You’vealreadyhadabusycourseschedule.W:Yeah,Ialsogetinvolvedinsports,andmysparetimeisalmostusedup.Anyway,I’mtryingtofocusonmattersrequiredbymycourseschedules.M:Iguessso.Whynotrelaxyourselfalittlebit?Say,thedramaclubwillputonashowtonight.Theplayiswrittenbysomegraduatesthisyear.Areyouinterested?

W:Soundsinteresting.Ihaven’tbeentosuchperformancesforawhile.听下面一段对话，回答第8至第9题。8．Whydoesthewomancometotheman?A．Torequestarepair. B．Toaskforadiscount. C．Togetareplacement.9．Whatistheman’ssuggestion?A．Fixingthewatch. B．Replacingthewatch. C．Findinganotherrepairer.【答案】8．A9．B【原文】M:I’msorry,buttobehonest,it’shardlyworthmending.W:Areyousure?Iknowitcostalotwhenmygrandmotherboughtit.M:Well,youcouldtakeittoanotherwatchrepairerbutyou’dbewastingyourtimebecausetheywouldtellyouexactlythesame,I’mafraid.W:Isee.M:Soreallythebestchoicewouldbetoreplaceit.Asithappens,Ithinkwehaveaverysimilarmodelinstock.Icanchecknowifyoulike.W:No.I’dratherhavethisonefixedifyoudon’tmind.M:OK.I’llseewhatwecando.听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12题。10．WhatcausedJihadBhuttotodropoutofschool?A．Herlackofinterestinstudy.B．Herdesiretoearnmoneyearly.C．Herfamily’sfinancialproblems.11．WhotoldJihadBhuttoabouttheKfarBaraCenter?A．Herfriends. B．Herchildren. C．Aschool’sdean.12．WhendidJihadBhuttogetabachelor’sdegree?A．Attheageof81. B．Attheageof85. C．Attheageof86.【答案】10．C11．A12．B【原文】W:An85-year-oldwomannamedJihadBhuttojustgotabachelor’sdegreefromtheKfarBaraCenterforIslamicStudies.Theoldladydroppedoutofschoolin1948whenshewasonly12yearsoldduetothefactthatherfamilyhadnomoneyforherschooling.However,shealwayslovededucationandreadingbooks.Sheoftenreadbooksinhersparetime.Eventhoughshehadtotakecareofhersevenchildren,shestillreadalot.EveryoneknewaboutBhutto’spassionforlearning,soherfriendstoldherabouttheKfarBaraCenter.Andtheyaskedherifshewantedtojoin.WhenBhuttoheardaboutanopportunityforeducation,shedecidedtodoit.Sheenrolledattheageof81.Fouryearslater,shegraduatedwithabachelor’sdegree.Bhuttotookcoursesinlanguagesandmathematics.Whenshegraduated,peopleaskedtheschool’sdeaniftheyhelpedher.Hesaidno,andonthecontrary,Bhuttohelpedtheotherstudentsinvarioustopics,andteachersoftenmadeheranexampleforthem.听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16题。13．WhenwasMonicaofferedthepositionasalocalnewsreporter?A．In2016. B．In2017. C．In2019.14．WhydidMonicaleaveherfirstjob?A．Shemovedtoanothercity.B．Shetriedtopursueherdream.C．Shewantedtotakeupabetterposition.15．WhatdoesMonicathinkofhersecondjob?A．Impressive. B．Enjoyable. C．Promising.16．WhatinformationdoesthemanwanttogetfromMonica?A．Herprofessionalskills.B．Herworkexperience.C．Hereducationalbackground.【答案】13．B14．A15．C16．B【原文】M:So,Monica,Iseethataftergraduatingfromuniversity,yourfirstjobwas…W:ForalocalpaperinYorkcalledtheYorkHeraldin2016.Actually,Istartedwiththemasatraineeinthebeginning.Thisseemedlikeagoodfirststep.M:Certainly.Andafterthat…W:Theyseemedimpressed,andofferedmeapositionasajuniorlocalnewsreporterthenextyear.Iendedupstayingtwoyearsthereactually.Iwasinchargeofthesportsnewssectionofthenewspaper.M:Isee.Butyoudecidedtoleavethemin2019,right?W:Yes,that’sright.MyhusbandandImovedtoLondon,andsoImanagedtofindapositionwithanationalnewspaperbasedinLondon.M:IsittheLondonWeekly?W:Exactly.Insomeways,itwasastepdownfrommypreviousjob,butitdidoffermemuchbetterprospectsforthefuture.听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20题。17．Whatisthedateofthestory?A．Saturday,May12th. B．Saturday,March12th. C．Sunday,March22nd.18．Whathappenedlastnight?A．Ataxidriversawamanstealingacomputer.B．Athiefstoleacomputerfromtheschool.C．Athiefstoleataxidriver’scomputer.19．WhichistheRIGHTnumbertoringupthepolice?A．4624. B．2464. C．6426.20．WhattimedoesthenewSportsCentreopen?A．At9:30am. B．At3:00pm. C．At9:13am.【答案】17．B18．B19．C20．A【原文】Welcome,everyone.ThisisourSaturdayRadioProgramme.ThisisSaturday,March12th.Nowforthenews:Firstsomebadnews.Someonestoleoneoftheschoolcomputerslastnight.Wedon’tknowwho,butataxidriversawatallmanattheschoolgateataboutmidnight.Themanwaswearingblacktrousersandablackhat.Didyouseehim?Ifyoudid,pleasetelephonethepoliceat6426,that’s6426.Nowforsomegoodnews.ThenewSportsCentreopensatninethirtytomorrowmorning.Intheafternoon,atthreeo’clock,thereisaswimmingmatch.Ifyoucanswim,gothereandtrytowin.Thefirstprizeisaradio.Seeyouthere.Goodbye.第二部分阅读（共两节,满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。ACoveringhugelandsofChileandArgentinaintheSouthernHemisphere,Patagoniaisheavenforfansofoutdooradventures.ElCalafate,ArgentinaEveryday,groupsofbusesdepartElCalafateforthePeritoMorenoglacier—anaccessibleicysight,andoneoftheworld’sfewadvancingglaciers.Aseriesofboardwalksleadtovariousviewpointsthatallowyoutobeamazedatthisshining,blue-whitewallofice.Futaleufú,ChileImagineit:youandtherestoftheraftingcrewarewaitingforthesignalfromtheraftingguidetorowlikeyourlifedependsonit.Hugeriverwavesarehittingtheboatandwhite-watersprayshowersyouheadtofoot.YouwipethewateroutofyoureyesandenjoythesunshinewhenpeopleintheNorthernHemispheresufferfromthefreezingcold,andtherearenumerousguesthouseswhereyoucanbaseyourself.CuevadelasManos,ArgentinaInahiddencanyon,reachablebytouroryourownwheels,aboardwalkleadsyoupastavastoverhangingrockface,decoratedwithancientrockart.ThisUNESCOWorldHeritageSiteisoneofthemostfamousrockartsitesinSouthAmerica,withover800outlinesofhumanhandsandfeetofwildlife.PuntaTombo,ArgentinaYousmellthepenguinsbeforeyouseethem.ThepresenceofnearlyamillionMagellanicpenguins—somehidingunderground,somegoingfishinginthesea,othersstandingaround—isapowerfuleffectonyoursenses.Thelong,narrowpeninsulaalsoattractsgulls,flightlesssteamerducks,andblackoystercatchers.21．WhatcanyoudoinElCalafate,Argentina?A．Carveicywalls. B．Admireglaciers.C．Enjoybustours. D．Decorateboardwalks.22．Inwhichmonthcanyoutakeonthewhite-waterraftingtrips?A．January. B．May. C．August. D．October.23．Whereshouldyougoifyouareinterestedinobservinglivewildlife?A．Futaleufú,Chile B．ElCalafate,ArgentinaC．PuntaTombo,Argentina D．CuevadelasManos,Argentina【答案】21．B22．A23．C【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了位于南半球的巴塔哥尼亚地区及其周边几个适合户外探险的地点。21．细节理解题。根据ElCalafate,Argentina部分中“Aseriesofboardwalksleadtovariousviewpointsthatallowyoutobeamazedatthisshining,blue-whitewallofice.(一系列的木板路通向不同的视角，让你惊叹于这闪闪发光的蓝白色冰墙。)”可知，你可以在阿根廷的埃尔卡拉法特通过一系列的木板路到达不同的观赏点，欣赏这闪闪发光的蓝白色冰墙。故选B。22．推理判断题。根据Futaleufú,Chile部分中“Hugeriverwavesarehittingtheboatandwhite-watersprayshowersyouheadtofoot.YouwipethewateroutofyoureyesandenjoythesunshinewhenpeopleintheNorthernHemispheresufferfromthefreezingcold,andtherearenumerousguesthouseswhereyoucanbaseyourself.(巨大的河浪打在船上，白色的水花从你的头喷到脚。当北半球的人们在寒冷中受苦时，你可以擦去眼睛里的水，享受阳光，还有无数的宾馆可以让你歇脚。)”可知，当北半球的人们饱受严寒之苦时，你可以在Futaleufú享受阳光，进行漂流。由此可以推断，“白水漂流之旅”应该在南半球的夏季进行，即12月到2月之间。故选A。23．细节理解题。根据PuntaTombo,Argentina部分中“ThepresenceofnearlyamillionMagellanicpenguins—somehidingunderground,somegoingfishinginthesea,othersstandingaround—isapowerfuleffectonyoursenses.Thelong,narrowpeninsulaalsoattractsgulls,flightlesssteamerducks,andblackoystercatchers.(近百万只麦哲伦企鹅的存在——有的躲藏在地底下，有的出海捕鱼，还有的四处闲逛——会给你的感官带来强烈的震撼。这个狭长半岛还吸引着海鸥、无法飞翔的船鸭和黑蛎鹬。)”可知，如果你对观察野生生物感兴趣，你应该去PuntaTombo。故选C。BEarlierthatday,I’dpickedupmycarfromthegarageanddrovenorthoutofthecityinfullconfidence.Whatcouldgowrong?Afteracoupleofhours,Inoticedmybatterylightwason.I’dseensuchlightsbefore.I’dworrytomorrow.Ormaybenot.Gradually,moreandmoredashboard(仪表盘)lightsflashed.Ihadneverseenthatmanyflashatoncebeforeinthisoranyothercar.Thenmyradiocutoutandsuddenlytheheadlightstoo.Finally,theenginedied,andIrolledtotheshoulderoftheroad.Luckily,myhazardlights(危险警示灯)worked.Unluckily,IamoneofthelastpeopleonEarthwithoutamobilephone.Iwaswavingmyarmsinthedarknessfor20minutes.Noonestopped.Thenapassingpickuptruckpulledover!Thedriverwasonhiswayhomefromajobinterview.WhenImentionedthatnooneelsestopped,theyoungmansaid,“Peoplejustdon’tcareanymore.”HelentmehiscellphoneandIcalledforatow(拖车).Soonapolicecarpulledinontheshoulderbehindusandanofficergotout.Heinvitedmetositinthebackofhisvehicle,tostaywarm.Hetoldmethattwopeoplecalledinaboutamanwavingatthesideofthehighway.“Theywerewomenanddidn’twanttostop,”heexplained.“Ican’tblamethem,”Isaid.Halfanhourlater,thetowtruckarrived.Iknewthatoncemywife,mymotherandmychildrenheardaboutmylatestmisadventuretheywouldtalkmeintogettingacellphone.Afterall,whatresponsiblepersonhasnomobile?ButIdon’tknow.Ihadalotofgoodvisitswithnewpeople.Andwhataboutallthosefolkswhocalledforhelponmybehalf?AndtheofficerwhomadesureIstayedwarm?Andthetow-truckdriverwhogotmehomesafely?Isthereabetterwaytodiscoverthekindnessesofsomanystrangers?24．WhatcanwesayabouttheauthorfromParagraph1?A．Hetrustedtohisluck. B．Hehadmanyworries.C．Heescapedfromdeath. D．Hemadeseveralwrongturns.25．Whathelpdidtheyoungmanoffertotheauthor?A．Hegavehimalift. B．Hecomfortedhimwithwords.C．Helethimusehisphone. D．Hecalledthepoliceforhim.26．Howmighttheauthorfeelhearingthepoliceofficer’swords?A．Slightlyhurt. B．Greatlyrelieved.C．Severelyworried. D．Deeplytouched.27．Whatwilltheauthormostlikelydoconcerninghisfamily’sadvice?A．Actonit. B．Putitaside.C．Acceptitpartly. D．Passitontootherdrivers.【答案】24．A25．C26．D27．B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因为自己没有带手机，在自己的汽车出问题后，陌生人对于作者的帮助的经历。24．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Whatcouldgowrong?Afteracoupleofhours,Inoticedmybatterylightwason.I’dseensuchlightsbefore.I’dworrytomorrow.Ormaybenot.(会出什么问题呢？几个小时后，我注意到我的电池灯亮着。我以前见过这样的光。我明天再担心。也许不是)”可知，作者很相信自己的运气，以为自己的车不会出问题，故选A。25．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“HelentmehiscellphoneandIcalledforatow(拖车).(他把手机借给我，我叫了拖车)”可知，年轻人把自己的手机借给作者，故选C。26．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Hetoldmethattwopeoplecalledinaboutamanwavingatthesideofthehighway.“Theywerewomenanddidn’twanttostop,”heexplained.(他告诉我，有两个人打电话来，说一个男人在高速公路边挥手。“她们是女人，不想停下来，”他解释说)”可推知，听到警察的话，作者因为陌生人给警察打电话为自己寻求帮助而深受感动。故选D。27．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Iknewthatoncemywife,my

motherandmychildrenheardaboutmylatestmisadventuretheywould

talkmeintogettingacellphone.Afterall,whatresponsiblepersonhas

nomobile?ButIdon’tknow.Ihadalotofgoodvisitswithnewpeople.Andwhataboutallthosefolkswhocalledforhelponmybehalf?AndtheofficerwhomadesureIstayedwarm?Andthetow-truckdriverwhogotmehomesafely?Isthereabetterwaytodiscoverthekindnessesofsomanystrangers?(我知道，一旦我的妻子、母亲和孩子们听说了我最近的不幸遭遇，他们会说服我买一部手机。毕竟，哪个负责任的人没有手机？但我不知道。我和新认识的人有很多愉快的接触。那那些为我寻求帮助的人呢？那确保我保暖的警官呢？那个把我安全送回家的拖车司机呢？还有更好的方法来发现这么多陌生人的善意吗？)”可知，因为作者没有带手机，作者发现了这些陌生人的善良和帮助。由此推知，作者可能会不采纳家人的建议。故选B。CYourfavoritefoodsmightnottastethesameinthefuture,andtheclimatecrisisisbehindit.InsouthwestSpain,blackIberianpigsforage(觅食)undercenturies-oldoaktrees,aprocessessentialfortheuniquetasteoftheJamonIberico,aspecialcuredham(腌制火腿)madefromtheblack-footedpig.However,accordingtoNationalGeographic,frequentheatwavesandafive-yeardroughthavereducedthenumberofthetrees’acorns(橡子)aswellasthegrassaroundthem.Withoutthesenaturalfoodsources,thepigsrequireextrafeed,whichchangestheham’suniqueflavor.Ittakes30yearsforoaktreestogrowacorns,andalternativefeedslikeoliveswouldmakethemeattastebitterandspicy.Droughtalsoaffectsthetasteoffruits.Watermelonsandcantaloupes(香瓜),forinstance,displaynoticeableflavorchangesduringdroughtconditions.ResearchersattheAgrifoodResearchandTechnologyCenterofAragoninSpainexplainedtotheSpanishonlinenewspaperPublicothatcompounds(化合物)suchassugarsbuildupduringdrought,changingthetasteoffood,eitherpositivelyornegatively.Beyonddrought,risingtemperaturesandsealevelsalsoinfluencefoodflavors.Typically,warmdaysandcoolnightsenhancethesugarandacidcontentinfruits,whichareessentialforoptimal(最佳的)flavor.However,globalwarmingmakesthislesslikely.Forexample,Japaneseapplesarebecominglessacidic,softer,anddrierduetoearlybloomingandhightemperaturesduringgrowth,notedNationalGeographic.Similarly,oysters,whichdobestinamixofsaltandfreshwater,arelosingtheirdistinctflavorsduetotheirincreasinglysaltyenvironmentcausedbyrisingsealevelsandheightenedriversalinity(盐度).Whilethefoodweconsumeisdeeplyinfluencedbytheclimatecrisis,ourfoodchoicesalsocontributetoit.Meatanddairy,especiallyfromcows,significantlyimpacttheclimate.Raisinglivestock(牲畜)accountsforabout14.5percentoftheworld’sgreenhousegasemissionsannually,comparabletotheemissionsfromallcars,trucks,airplanes,andshipscombined.Comparedtoplantprotein,producinganimalproteingenerallyrequiresmoreland,energyandwater.Thismayseemlikeaviciouscircle(恶性循环),butitisnotimpossibletobreak.TheGoodFoodInstitute,aUS-basedthinktankpromotingalternativeproteins,believespeoplewillchoosesuchoptionsiftheyareastastyandaffordableasmeat.Meanwhile,morepeoplehavestartedtotakeaction.AccordingtoTheNewYorkTimes,WillHarris,aUSfarmer,practicesregenerativefarmingbyallowingcowstomovearoundfreelyandreducingchemicaluseandsoildisturbance,whichismoreenvironmentallyfriendly.Inaddition,buyinglocal,in-seasonproduceisusuallybest,asout-of-seasonfruitsandvegetables,especiallythoseflownin,haveahighcarbonfootprint.28．HowdoesclimatechangeaffectJamonIberico’staste?A．Bytransformingthebreedofthepigs. B．Bychangingthepigs’naturaldiet.C．Byspeedinguptheagingprocessoftheham. D．Byaffectingthecuringprocessoftheham.29．Howdoestheauthorillustratetheimpactofclimatechangeonfruits?A．Bydiscussingtheacidcontentsinfruits. B．Bydescribingchangesinfruitsize.C．Bymentioningthechangesinfruitcolor. D．Bystressingthesugarbuildupduringdrought.30．Whatistheprimarypurposeoftheauthorinthelastparagraph?A．Toargueforstricterfarmingregulations.B．Todemonstratethefailuretofightclimatechange.C．Toencouragemoresustainablefarmingpractices.D．Topromotetheconsumptionofimportedfruits.31．Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．TheFlavorsofClimateChange B．TheFutureofFoodProductionC．TheImpactofDroughtonAgriculture D．ClimateChangeandFoodSecurity【答案】28．B29．D30．C31．D【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章主要介绍气候变化对食物的味道的影响。28．细节理解题。根据第二段“Withoutthesenaturalfoodsources,thepigsrequireextrafeed,whichchangestheham’suniqueflavor.(没有这些天然食物来源，猪需要额外的饲料，这改变了火腿的独特风味。)”可知，气候变化改变了猪的自然饮食，结果影响了腌制火腿的口味。故选B。29．细节理解题。根据第三段“compounds(化合物)suchassugarsbuildupduringdrought,changingthetasteoffood,eitherpositivelyornegatively.(糖等化合物在干旱期间会积聚，对食物的味道产生积极或消极的影响。)”可知，作者通过强调干旱期间糖分的积累来说明气候变化对水果的影响。故选D。30．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Meanwhile,morepeoplehavestartedtotakeaction.AccordingtoTheNewYorkTimes,WillHarris,aUSfarmer,practicesregenerativefarmingbyallowingcowstomovearoundfreelyandreducingchemicaluseandsoildisturbance,whichismoreenvironmentallyfriendly.Inaddition,buyinglocal,in-seasonproduceisusuallybest,asout-of-seasonfruitsandvegetables,especiallythoseflownin,haveahighcarbonfootprint.(与此同时，越来越多的人开始采取行动。据《纽约时报》报道，美国农民威尔·哈里斯通过允许奶牛自由活动、减少化学品使用和土壤扰动来进行再生农业，这对环境更友好。此外，购买当地当季农产品通常是最好的，因为当季水果和蔬菜，尤其是那些空运进来的，具有很高的碳足迹。)”可知，作者在这一段鼓励更加可持续发展的农业耕作方式。故选C。31．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Yourfavoritefoodsmightnottastethesameinthefuture,andtheclimatecrisisisbehindit.(你最喜欢的食物在未来可能不会有同样的味道，气候危机是它背后的原因。)”可知，这篇文章主要讲述气候变化对食物的味道的影响。D“气候变化与粮食安全”符合主题，故选D。DSoonafterChatGPTwasintroducedtopublicin2022,researcherstestedwhattheartificialintelligence(AI)chatbotwouldwriteafteritwasaskedquestionswithfalsenarratives.Theresultsweretroubling.ResearcherspredictthatgenerativetechnologylikeChatGPTcouldmakedisinformationcheaperandeasiertoproduceforanevenlargernumberofspreadersofdisinformation.Personalized,real-timechatbotscouldsharefalseinformationinincreasinglycredibleandpersuasiveways,researcherssay,smoothingouthumanerrorslikepoorgrammarandmistranslationsandadvancingbeyondeasilydiscoverablecopy-pastejobs.Andtheysaythatnoavailablestrategiescaneffectivelyfightit.EarlierversionsofChatGPT,whichwascreatedbythecompanyOpenAI,havebeenusedforyearstofillonlineforumsandsocialmediaplatformswithcommentsandunwantedemails.MicrosofthadtostopactivityfromitsTaychatbotwithin24hoursofintroducingitonTwitterin2016aftertrolls(恶意发帖人)taughtittouseracistlanguage.ChatGPTisfarmorepowerful,advancedandcomplex.Suppliedwithquestionsloadedwithdisinformation,itcanproduceconvincing,cleanvariationsonthecontentwithinseconds,withoutdisclosingitssources.Recently,MicrosoftandOpenAIintroducedanewBingsearchengineandwebbrowserthatcanusechatbottechnologytoplanvacations,translatetextsorconductresearch.OpenAIresearchershavelongbeennervousaboutchatbotsfallingintohandsofcriminals.Theyvoicedtheirconcernabouttheirchatbot’scapabilitiestolowercostsofdisinformationcampaignsandaidinthepursuitofmonetarygains,particularpoliticalagendas,and/ordesirestocreatechaosorconfusion.OpenAIusesmachinesandhumanstomonitorcontentthatisfedintoandproducedbyChatGPT.ThecompanyreliesonbothitshumanAItrainersandfeed-backfromuserstoidentifyandfilteroutharmfultrainingdatawhileteachingChatGPTtoproducebetter-informedresponses.OpenAI’spoliciesprohibituseofitstechnologytopromotedishonesty,misleadusersorattempttoinfluencepolitics.Thecompanyoffersafreemoderationtooltohandlecontentthatpromoteshate,self-harmandviolence.32．WhatdoweknowabouttheTaychatbot?A．Itwastakendownshortlyafteritwasreleased.B．ItwasOpenAI’smostadvancedchatbot.C．ItwasintroducedtocompetewithChatGPT.D．Itwasslowinlearningnewcontent.33．HowdoesChatGPTincreasetheriskofdisinformation?A．Itreducestheeffectivenessofdisinformation.B．Itlowersthecostofdisinformationcampaigns.C．Itmakesdisinformationcheaperandconvincing.D．Itspreadsinformationmorequicklythanbefore.34．WhatdoesOpenAIdotopreventthemisuseofChatGPT?A．Sharedatawithothercompanies.B．Encourageuserstogivefeedback.C．Monitorcontentandfollowstrictrules.D．Reviewinformationfromnewusers.35．Whatcouldbethebesttitleofthispassage?A．OpenAIBanstheMisuseofGenerativeTechnologyB．ChatGPTCraftsMisinformationinMoreAreasC．ResearchersSeekSolutionstoCombatAIChatbotsD．ResearchersRaiseAlarmsAboutAIChatbots【答案】32．A33．C34．C35．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是研究人员对人工智能聊天机器人表示担忧，并对其提出警告。32．细节理解题。根据第二段中“MicrosofthadtostopactivityfromitsTaychatbotwithin24hoursofintroducingitonTwitterin2016aftertrolls(恶意发帖人)taughtittouseracistlanguage.(2016年，微软在推特上推出Tay聊天机器人后，24小时内就停止了它的活动，因为有恶意攻击者教它使用种族主义语言)”可知，Tay聊天机器人在发布后不久就被下架了。故选A项。33．细节理解题。根据第一段中“ResearcherspredictthatgenerativetechnologylikeChatGPTcouldmakedisinformationcheaperandeasiertoproduceforanevenlargernumberofspreadersofdisinformation.(研究人员预测，像ChatGPT这样的生成技术可以使虚假信息更便宜，更容易为更多的虚假信息传播者生产)”可知，ChatGPT增加了虚假信息的风险，因为它使虚假信息更便宜，更有说服力。故选C项。34．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“OpenAIusesmachinesandhumanstomonitorcontentthatisfedintoandproducedbyChatGPT.(OpenAI使用机器和人类来监控ChatGPT输入和生成的内容)”以及“OpenAI’spoliciesprohibituseofitstechnologytopromotedishonesty,misleadusersorattempttoinfluencepolitics.Thecompanyoffersafreemoderationtooltohandlecontentthatpromoteshate,self-harmandviolence.(OpenAI的政策禁止使用其技术来促进不诚实、误导用户或试图影响政治。该公司提供了一个免费的审核工具来处理宣扬仇恨、自残和暴力的内容)”可知，OpenAI通过监控内容并严格遵守规则来防止滥用ChatGPT。故选C项。35．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及最后一段中“OpenAI’spoliciesprohibituseofitstechnologytopromotedishonesty,misleadusersorattempttoinfluencepolitics.Thecompanyoffersafreemoderationtooltohandlecontentthatpromoteshate,self-harmandviolence(OpenAI的政策禁止使用其技术来促进不诚实、误导用户或试图影响政治。该公司提供了一个免费的审核工具来处理宣扬仇恨、自残和暴力的内容)”可知，文章主要讲的是研究人员对人工智能聊天机器人表示担忧，并对其提出警告。由此可知，“研究人员对人工智能聊天机器人发出警告”适合作本文最佳标题。故选D项。第二节（共5小题,每小题2.5分,共12.5分）阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whetheryoulikeitornot,fallishere.Soontheweatherwillgetcolder.Theleaveswilldieandthenightswillstretchlongerthanthedays.Anotheryearisdying;that’sjusthowitgoes.Studiessuggestthatifyouaredeeplypreoccupiedwithyourthoughts,intheautumn,youmaybeatmoreriskfordepressioninthewinter.Changingtheclocksinthefallisassociatedwithdepressiveepisodes(changingthembackinspringisnot).36Psychologistssaythatthefeelingsthatoftencropupinautumncomefromourdiscomfortwithchange,andananxietyanduncertaintyaboutwhatthatchangewillbring.37Andofthesethingstheanxiety,thepromiseandeventhecarefulthoughts—makeittheidealseasontobuildresilienceandpracticemindfulness.Psychologistshavealsofoundthatthethoughtofchange,theendingofonething,thebeginningofanother,andperhapsourownmortality,underliesagreatdealofanxiety.Someofusstrugglewith“intoleranceofuncertainty,”morethanothers.Butintoleranceofuncertaintyisapartofbeinghuman;everyonehasitonsomelevel.38Onewaytobuildtoleranceistoleanintoit—tocultivateuncertaintyratherthanrunningawayfromit.39Quietlysitonaparkbenchandwatchatreedropitsleaves,forinstance,examinetherosesinthegardenthatneedpruning...insuchmoments,it’simportanttostopthinking,analyzing,orhavinginternalconversationsaboutworkortroublesorevenwhateveryouarewitnessing.Autumnwillprobablyholdsomewhisperofdecayandmortality.40Ifyouarealwaystryingtoavoiddifficultfeelings,youmightendupalsocuttingyourselfofffromlove,richnessandsweetness.Dr.Wilsonsaid,“thisishowlifeis:sweetandsad,pouredfromthesamevesselinequalmeasure.”A．Anditischangeable.B．Butitisnotthatbad.C．Butembracingthatsadnessisimportant.D．Morerecently,it’sbecomeatimetoappreciateoursurroundings.E．Fallalsobringswithitbright,briskdays,pumpkinpatchesandcozysweaters.F．Itisnowonderthattheseasonhassomanycelebrationstoattempttokeepourspiritsup.G．Anotherstrategyexpertssuggestforsoothinganxietyistostepbackandsimplyobservetheworldaroundyou.【答案】36．F37．B38．A39．G40．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了秋天会出现的情绪波动甚至抑郁，并提出了一些调整方法。36．根据上文“Studiessuggestthatifyouaredeeplypreoccupiedwithyourthoughts,intheautumn,youmaybeatmoreriskfordepressioninthewinter.Changingtheclocksinthefallisassociatedwithdepressiveepisodes(changingthembackinspringis