人教版八年级上册英语（新题型）期末学情调研测试卷（含答案）

第第页人教版八年级上册英语（新题型）期末学情调研测试卷第二部分语言知识运用(共20小题；计40分)五、阅读下面短文，从方框内的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(共5小题；每小题2分，计10分)A.isabletoB.successfulexperiencesC.bringoutD.isfamousforE.morethanOnOctober6th,MaLong,35,facedhisyoungcompetitor,LinShidong,inthefinalinBeijing.Bothplayerswereexcellentsotheyhelped_____26_____thebestofeachother.AlthoughMadidn'twinatlast,hesaid,“Idon'tseethisasaloss(失败).”Ma_____27_____hisstrongdefense(防守)andquickcounterattacks(反攻).Whenplaying,he_____28_____stayseriousandmakesmartmoves.Manyofhiscompetitorssaidtheylearnedalotfromhimafterthegame.MajoinedtheChineseteamfor_____29_____15years.In2016,hewonhisfirstOlympicgoldmedalattheRioOlympics.ThiscompetitioninBeijingmightbeMaLong'slastbigcompetition.“Ihopepeopleremembernotonlymy_____30_____butalsomylovefortabletennisandmydreamtowin,”hetoldChinanews.六、补全对话。根据对话内容，从方框中选出最佳选项补全对话。(共5小题；每小题2分，计10分)A:Linda,didyouhearaboutthetrafficaccident(交通事故)ontheroadnearourschoolyesterday?B:No,Lucy._____31_____A:AstudentcalledMikewashit(被撞)whencrossingthestreet.B:Howcome?_____32_____A:Iheardthatwasbecauseheranaredlight._____33_____B:Thatwassadnews._____34_____A:Iagree.B:_____35_____A:Thedrivertookhimtothehospitalintime,sohegetsbetternow.B:I'mgladtohearthat.Howishenow?Doyouknowwhathappened?Andthedriverofthecardidn'tnoticehim.Carsnearourschoolalwaysdriveveryslowly.Infact,peopleshouldfollowthetrafficruleswhencrossingthestreet.七、完形填空。阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(共10小题；每小题2分，计20分)Persiawasaverybigcountry,muchbiggerthanGreece.In490BC,abattle(战斗)betweenthesetwocountriesbrokeoutbecausethePersianswantedtoownAthens,acityinGreece.Beforethebattle,theGreeksoldiers(士兵)_____36_____onthetopofahillcalledMarathon.However,thePersiansoldierswereontheland_____37_____.Therewere48,000Persiansoldiers,butonly10,000Greeksoldiers.TheGreeksweremuch_____38_____innumber,buttheywereverybrave(勇敢的).Togethelp,theGreekssentarunnertoSparta.Therunnerranfortwodaysoverthemountainsto_____39_____Sparta.HeaskedtheSpartanstocomeandhelpthem.ButtheSpartanssaidtheywouldnotfight_____40_____themoonwasfull.Thiswastheir_____41_____,andtheywouldnotchangeit.ThentherunnerhadtorunbacktotheMarathonby_____42_____.Hewasverytiredbut_____43_____toldtheGreeksoldiersthatnohelpwascoming.Aftergettingtheanswer,theGreeksoldierswerenot_____44_____butdecidedtogodownthehilltofightbravely.Toeveryone'ssurprise,theGreekswonthebattleatlast!TheirwinatMarathonisstillfamoustoday_____45_____agreatstoryofbraveryandstrength(毅力).()36.A.celebrated B.waited C.fought()37.A.below B.behind C.beside()38.A.more B.less C.fewer()39.A.tell B.reach C.help()40.A.when B.after C.until()41.A.tradition B.reason C.promise()42.A.themselves B.myself C.himself()43.A.still B.even C.almost()44.A.available B.upset C.bored()45.A.for B.into C.as第三部分阅读理解(共15小题；计30分)八、阅读下面短文，根据短文内容选择最佳选项。(共10小题；每小题2分，计20分)ATheeggtartisadeliciouspastry-baseddessert(酥皮点心)thatpeopleloveallaroundtheworld.Butdoyouknowwhenitappeared?Manyyearsago,peoplefirstmadeeggtartsineitherPortugalorEngland.In1399,eggtartsappearedatabigpartytocelebrateKingHenryIVbecomingthekingofEngland.Evenearlier,inthe1200s,somemembersattheJeronimosMonastery(修士院)inPortugalstartedmakingeggtarts.Theyusedeggyolks(蛋黄)tomakethistastydessertafterseeingsimilarpastriesinFrance.In1820,themembersoftheJeronimosMonasterybegansellingeggtartstoasugarfactorytosustain(支撑)themonastery.Unluckily,in1834,themonasteryhadtoclosebecauseofsomechangesinPortugal.Then,thosememberssoldtheireggtartrecipetotheownerofthesugarfactory,whothenturnedthefactoryintoabakery(aplacesellingbread)tosellthisuncommondessert.Today,youcanstillbuyeggtartswiththesameoldrecipethere.EggtartscametoChinawhensomePortuguesepeoplefirstvisitedGuangzhouin1513.Bythe1940s,teashopsinmanyChinesecitieslikeShanghaiandBeijingstartedservingsomeforeignfoods,suchastheeggtarts.()46.WhendidHenryIVbecomethekingofEngland?A.In1200. B.In1399. C.In1513.()47.WhydidthemembersoftheJeronimosMonasterybeginsellingeggtartsin1820?A.Toberichandfamous.B.Tocompetewithothermonasteries.C.Tohelpthemonasterysurvive(存活).()48.Whymighttheownerofthesugarfactorybuytheeggtartrecipe?A.Becausetheownerhadmanyeggs.B.Becausetheeggtartsweren'tcommon.C.Becausetheeggtartswereeasytomake.()49.InwhichChinesecitydidtheeggtartsfirstappear?A.Guangzhou. B.Shanghai. C.Beijing.()50.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A.Thehistoryofdifferentmonasteries.B.ThepopularityofeggtartsinPortugal.C.Theappearanceandspread(传播)ofeggtarts.BThesedays,aChinesefemalebarber(理发师),XiaoHua,becameverypopularontheInternet.Whatmakeshersopopular?Shelistenstowhattheconsumerswantandalwaysgivesthemthehaircuttheyaskfor.XiaoHuastartedherbarbershop11yearsago.Theshopisnotverybig,onlyabout20to30㎡insize,whichisabitsmallerthanaclassroom.InFebruary2024,XiaoHuapostedherfirsthaircutvideo.Shedidthistoattract(吸引)moreconsumers.ByOctober,sheposted398morehaircutvideos.Peoplelikewatchinghercuthairforothersbecausesheissogoodatitandalwayslistenscarefullytowhattheconsumerswant.XiaoHuatakeslivevideoswhenshecutsothers’hair.Manyofthepeoplewatchingherlivevideosaretheotherbarberswhowanttolearnfromher.Someofhervideosshowheradviceonhowtocutdifferenthairstyleswell,andothersshowhertalkingwiththeconsumers,makingthemfeelcomfortableandhappy.ThemostimportantreasonwhyXiaoHuaissopopularisthatshealwaysthinksabouteveryconsumer'sfeelings.Shetakesthetimetounderstandwhattheywantandmakessuretheyleavehershophappily.()51.Whichfollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“consumers”?A.Buyers. B.Sellers. C.Actors.()52.HowmanyhaircutvideosdidXiaoHuapostbyOctober2024?A.397. B.398. C.399.()53.WhydomanyotherbarberswatchXiaoHua’shaircutvideos?Totalkwithher.Tolearnhowtocuthairwell.C.Toteachhersomeskills(技巧).()54.HowisXiaoHuaaccordingtothepassage?①understanding②traditional③carefulA.①② B.①③ C.②③()55.WhatisthemainreasonforXiaoHua'spopularityontheInternet?A.Shetrustseveryconsumer.B.Shepostsinterestingvideosonline.C.Shetakesgoodcareofeveryconsumer.CSometimes,thebestideascomefromyoungpeople.Herearethreestoriesofyounginventors(发明者)whochangedtheworldwiththeirsmartinventions.aOnedayin1873,a15-year-oldboynamedChesterGreenwoodwentskating.Hisearsgotverycoldthere,andthenhehadagreatidea.Heaskedhisgrandmothertoputpiecesoffur(皮毛)onawireloophemade.Thenheworethishardwirelooponhisears.Thisinvention,calledearmuffs,kepthisearswarm.Soon,peopleinhishometown,Farmington,startedmakingandsellingearmuffs.For60years,Chester'sinventionofferedjobstomanypeople.bLouisBraillewasayoungboywhocouldn'tsee.In1819,hewenttoaspecialschoolforthechildrenlikehim.Helearnedawaytoreadbytouchingatschool,butwritingwasstillhardforhim.Later,Louisfoundasystem(系统)towriteinthedarkandsuccessfullyimprovedit.Whenhewas15,hemadetheBraillesystem.Today,manypeoplewitheyeproblemsusethissystemtoreadandwrite.cMargaretE.Knightwasaverysmartgirl.Whenshewas12,shevisitedherbrothersatafactory.Shesawamachinehurtaworkerandthoughtshecouldmakethemachineworkbetter.Sheinventedakindofsafetydevice(安全装置)formanyfactories,savingmanylives.Margaretisalsofamousforinventingtheflat-bottomed(平底的)paperbag,whichwestillusetoday.()56.Whichofthefollowingcanshowtheunderlinedphrase“wireloop”?()57.WhatcanwelearnaboutGreenwood'sfirstpairofearmuffs?Theywerejustforfun.Theywerepartofahat.C.Greenwooddidn'tmakethembyhimself.()58.WhatdidBraillelearntodoatschoolin1819?A.Read. B.Write. C.Improvesystems.()59.WhatcanweknowaboutthesafetydeviceaccordingtoPassagec?A.Itofferedmanyjobstopeople.B.Itsavedmanypeople'slives.C.Ithelpedworkersdotheirworkbetter.()60.What'sthebesttitleforthethreepassages?A.TheMostFamousInventorsinthePastB.YoungInventorsWhoMadeaDifferenceC.TheHistoryofEarmuffs,BrailleSystemandPaperBagsB卷(共50分)一、短文填空。从下面方框中选出10个单词，将其正确形式填入短文，使短文意思正确、通顺(每词限用一次)。(共10小题；每小题1分，计10分)catchduringexperiencefamousfinalhappenhardhilloneprobablesimplesolve“Youthhasnoprice;seize(抓住)thenightandridetoKaifeng!”Onanordinary(寻常的)day,somethingexciting_____1_____inthecityofKaifeng.Peoplewokeuptofindlotsofsharedbicyclesallaroundthecity.InearlyNovember2024,fouryounggirlsfromZhengzhouwantedtotasteKaifeng's_____2_____soupdumplings.Thenaftertheirclasses,theythought,“WhynotridesharedbicyclestoKaifeng?”Theysaid,“We'reonlyyoung_____3_____,sowewantedtogoonanexcitingtripwithourclosestfriends.”Theypostedthisideaonline,whichquickly_____4_____manypeople'seyes!ManyotheruniversitystudentsinZhengzhoualsowantedtojoininthefunactivities._____5_____,groupsofstudentsstartedridingtoKaifeng,cycling50kilometersearlyinthemorning.Thetriptookaboutfivehourstocomplete._____6_____theirride,thestudentshadalotoffun.Someheld(举着)colorfulflags,andotherssangsongstogether.Whentheywentupthe_____7_____,theyencouraged(鼓励)eachothertokeepgoing.Theridenotonlyofferedthesestudentsanenjoyabletripbutalsotaughtthemhowtofindthe_____8_____whenmeetingdifficulties.Thisfunbikerideshowedthatsometimes,thebestadventures(冒险)comefrom_____9_____ideas.ThestudentsinZhengzhousuccessfullytoldusthateachofuscanturnanordinarydayintoanunforgettable10_____aslongaswewant.二、补全短文。根据短文内容，从短文后的A—F选项中，选出5个适当的选项补全短文。(共5小题；每小题1分，计5分)DidyoueverhearaboutBaduanjin?_____1_____AndithelpsmanyChinesepeoplestayhealthyforaverylongtime.Baduanjin,alsocalledEightPiecesofBrocade(缎),isaformofqigong,whichmeans“energy(精力)work”.Baduanjinstartedmorethan800yearsago._____2_____Overtime,itbecamepopularwithotherordinarypeople,notjustsoldiers.Peopleofallagesandfitnesslevels(健身水平)candoBaduanjin.Theydon'tneedtoprepareanythingspecialwhenpracticingit._____3_____ThereareeightdifferentmovementsinBaduanjin,andeachonefocuseson(集中于)adifferentpartofthebody.HerearesomeofthegoodresultsofdoingBaduanjin:Itcanhelpyoubecomestrongerandhealthier.Itcanhelpyousleepbetter._____4_____ThebestpartaboutBaduanjinisthatit'seasytodo.Youcanpracticeitinapark,athomeoranywhereyoulike.Eachmovementissimpleandeveryonecandoit.BydoingBaduanjin,youcantakegoodcareofbothyourbodyandyourmind._____5_____Itcanmakeyoufeellessupset.It'saspecialkindofexercisefromChina.Atfirst,itwastohelpsoldiersstaystrongandhealthy.ThoughBaduanjinisgoodforyourbody,youcan'tdoitveryoften.So,ifyouwanttostayhealthyandfeelgood,whynotgiveBaduanjinatry?ThekeytoBaduanjinistousedeepbreathing(深呼吸)torelaxyourbodyandmind.三、阅读表达。(共10小题；计20分)A.完成图表。根据短文内容，完成图表中所缺信息。(共5小题；每小题2分，计10分)OnaquietMondaymorning,somethingexcitinghappened!ThemembersoftheShenzhou18missioncrew(任务组),YeGuangfu,LiCongandLiGuangsu,camebacktoEarthafterlivingintheTiangongspacestationforsixmonths.Duringtheirtimethere,theydidspacewalkstosetupandfixequipment(修理设备).Theyalsodidmanyscienceexperiments(实验)tolearnmoreaboutspace.Beforetheyleft,Yeandhisteamgaveimportantinformationandtaskstothenextcrew,theShenzhou19team.YeandhisteamweretheseventhgrouptoliveandworkontheTiangongspacestation.TheShenzhou18spacecraftleftthespacestationat4:12p.m.andfollowedaspecialroutinetocomebacktoEarth.Theirtripbacktookmorethanninehours,andtheylandedsafelyat1:24a.m.attheDongfengLandingSite.Whenthecapsule(航天舱)toucheddown,amedicalteamfromJiuquanquicklyarrivedtheretocheckifthesethreehadproblemswiththeirbodies.Then,YeandhisteamflewbacktoBeijingtohavearest.ForYe,thiswashissecondtriptospace.Healreadyspent374daysinspaceovertwomissions,whichisanewrecord(记录)fortheChinese.Theoldrecordof279dayswasfromanotherpersonnamedTangHongbo.Three_____1_____ComeHomeAfteraLongSpaceAdventureTheinformationaboutthetrip:*Beforeleaving,theygavetaskstothenextcrew,the_____2_____grouplivingandworkingontheTiangongspacestation.*TheShenzhou18spacecraftleftthespacestationon_____3_____andlandedsafelyattheDongfengLandingSiteonMondaymorning.Theirroutineafterthetrip:*First,theyexperienceda_____4_____examination(检查)byamedicalteam.*Then,theyflewbacktoBeijingtohavearest.Oneoftheresultsaboutthetrip:*Afterfinishingthetrip,YeGuangfusuccessfully_____5_____therecordoftimeforChinesepeoplestayinginspace.B.任务型阅读。根据短文内容，按要求回答问题。(共5小题；每小题2分，计10分)InNovember2024,DonaldTrumpwonthe2024USpresidentialelection(总统选举)!Hegotmorethanhalfofthe538electoralvotes(选举人票),whichisenoughtobecomethepresident.Buthowdoesthisworkinacountrywithover300,000,000people?IntheUS,peopleuseaspecialsystemcalledtheElectoralCollege.Unlikepeopleinmanyothercountries,Americansdon'tvoteforthepresidentinperson.Theyalwaysvoteforagroupofpeoplecalledelectors.Thenit'stheelectors'turntovoteforthepresident.Beforetheelection,politicalparties(政党)choosetheirbestcandidates(候选人).Thesecandidates,usuallyfromthetwomainparties,travelalloverthecountry,talkingtopeopleandexplainingwhytheyshouldbethenextpresident.OnElectionDay,theelectorsgotospecialplacestovote,ortheycanvoteearlybymail.Aftervoting,peoplecanknowwhichcandidategetsmorelikes.Thecandidatewhogetsthemostelectoralvotesbecomesthenextpresident,startinghisorherjobonthe20thdayofthefollowingyear.Onthisday,thenewpresidentpromisestofollowtherulesintheConstitution(宪法).Sometimes,theElectoralCollegecansurprisepeople.Forexample,in2016,Trumpwontheelectoralvotebutnotthepopularvote,whichmeansmorepeoplevotedforHillaryClinton,butTrumpstillbecamethepresident.Thissystemmakessurethateverystatehastheabilitytojoininchoosingthepresident.Andafewkeystates,calledswingstates,canevendecidethewinner.HowmanyelectoralvotesdidTrumpgetatminimum(最少)in2024?(nomorethan4words)_______________________________________________________________7.WhodomostAmericansvotefordirectly(直接地)accordingtotheElectoralCollege?(nomorethan2words)_______________________________________________________________WhencanTrumpstarthisworkafterbeingelected(当选为)presidentinNovember2024?(nomorethan10words)_______________________________________________________________Wh