2024北京丰台区高三（上）期末英语试题和答案

试题PAGE1试题2024北京丰台高三（上）期末英语2024.01本试卷共12页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。笔试(共三部分100分)第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Allmyfriendshadmadethefootballcheerleadingteamexceptme.Mynamewas___1___fromthelist.Istillsatwiththematlunch,stilllaughedattheirjokes,___2___IfeltasifIdidn’tbelong.Ifoughtbacktears,wantingtobestrong.Knowingthatnextyearwouldbringanewroundoftry-outs,Istartedpracticingandwasdeterminedtoseemynameonthelist.However,mydadsuggestedthatIgetinvolvedinaschool-sport-___3___asanyonecouldsignupwithnotry-outs.IhadnoideawhatIwasgettingmyselfinto.Ionly___4___ImightparticipateinituntilImadethecheerleadingteamagain.Onthetrackteam,runningpushedmetoworkharderthanIeverknewIcould.Raceafterrace,Icontinuedtofeelmylungsburningfromthe___5___.IguessedthatIwantedto___6___myselftoseeifIcouldimprovemyrunningtime.Thenextyearwhenspringcamearound,Iwasthrilledtomakethefootballcheerleadingteam,when,incredibly,Ireceivedaletterfromanewcross-countrycoach,___7___metojoinhisrunningteam.Ididn’thaveareasonforchoosingrunningovercheerleading,___8___thefactthatIfollowedmyheart.WhenIcalledthecoachandtoldhimIwouldgiveitatry,Ineverrealizedthatonesimple___9___wouldchangethedirectionofmylife.Withinoneyear,Ibecameoneofthefastestfemalecross-countryrunners.Wecanbewhowewereborntobeorwecanjustfollowthecrowd.AndwhenIchosetobearunner,Ichosetobe_____10_____tomyself.1.A.coming B.missing C.turning D.changing2.A.but B.so C.or D.for3.A.throwing B.cheerleading C.football D.running4.A.recorded B.heard C.figured D.concluded5.A.effort B.diseases C.needs D.interest6.A.accept B.challenge C.express D.treat7.A.sending B.asking C.teaching D.reminding8.A.incaseof B.inspiteof C.ratherthan D.otherthan9.A.decision B.complaint C.evaluation D.expectation10.A.friendly B.tolerant C.true D.respectful第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。TheturtledoveistheUK’sfastest-decliningbirdspecies,accordingtoarecentstudy.Thedata,____11____(record)byalmost1,000volunteers,farmersandcountybirdclubs,showstherearenownearly2,100pairsleft,downfromsome125,000pairsin1970.LossofhabitatsandshootinginsouthernEurope____12____(think)tobedrivingthedecline.Thereishope,however,asthegovernment____13____(work)withlandownerstoallowmorefoodsuppliesinthehabitatsnow.B阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。InMay,theCOMAC919,China’sfirstdomesticallydesignedpassengerplane,____14____(successful)completeditsfirstflight,markingamilestoneinChina’sspacehistory.Sofar,Chinahassolved____15____(difficulty)inmorethan100keytechnologiesandappliedformorethan10,000patents.Inthepast,Chinamainlydepended____16____thetechnologiesfromothercountries,butitisapplyingitsowntoday,helpingtopromotethehigh-quality____17____(develop)ofthecountry’seconomy.C阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AnnaJonesisajournalist,____18____firstbook,Divide-TheRelationshipCrisisBetweenTownandCountry,waslonglistedforthe2022JamesCropperWainwrightPrize.____19____(grow)uponafarmandworkinginthecityhavegivenAnnaarareinsightintorurallife.Annastartedthenon-profitcommunicationsproject“JustFarmers”in2018.Shealsorunsamediaeducationprogramtohelpfarmersfindconfidencetoshare____20____theyhaveexperiencedwiththewiderworld.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIfyouwouldliketovolunteerabroad,you’vecometotherightplace.Hereareavarietyofvolunteeringopportunities,includingmedical,sports,andwildlifeconservationinAfrica,whichcanhelpgainhands-oninternationalworkexperienceandlearnthingsyou’llnevergetoutofatextbook.MedicalandHealthcareProjectsIfyou’reamedicalstudenthopingtogainsomevaluableexperience,wehavesuitableplacementsforyou.Wehaveprojects,whichcanreallyusetheskillsofqualifiedvolunteers,suchasdoctors,nurses,dentistsandawholerangeofprofessions.Ifyouareunskilled,buthaveaninterestandwouldliketoassistinthisfieldthenyoucanalsohelpinmanyprojectareas.SportsCoachingProjectsOursportsvolunteerprojectsinvolvechildrenofdifferentagesandabilities,orsometimesadultsaswell.Therefore,anyonewithsportscoachingskillswillbeputtoverygooduse,tryingtobringontheAfricansportsstarsofthefuture.You’llbeabletohelporganizesportingactivities,teachnewsportstothechildren,coachthemintheirsportssessionsandevenplayfootballagainstthelocalteam-don’texpecttowin!WildlifeandConservationProjectsWildlifeconservationvolunteeringinAfricacanbehardworkattimesasyouhavetodealwiththehuman-wildlifeconflictsandensurelocalcommunitiesbenefitfromconservation.However,therearesomemajorpositives,generallybasedinsomeofthemostamazingnaturalareas.Theygetyoubehindthescenesofplacesthattouristswilloftenpaylargeamountsofmoneytovisitonholiday.Ifyouhaverelevantconservationexperienceorqualifications,oraspartofyourstudies,thenpleasegetintouch.21.InWildlifeandConservationProjects,youwill______.A.payfortheholidayvisitsB.organizecommunityactivitiesC.providemedicalservicesD.handlethehuman-wildlifeconflicts22.Whatbenefitscanyougetfromthethreeprojects?A.Professionaltrainings.B.Qualificationpromotion.C.Workexperience.D.Historicaladventures.23.Thepassageisintendedto______.A.describelifeinAfricaB.sharetravelingmemoriesC.introducevolunteeringprojectsD.explaintheimportanceofworkingabroadBMouthopeninwonderandhorror,LaurentPelletierstaresatthebushcricketthathaslandedinfrontofhimonthepicnictable.“Canweeatit?”heaskshismum.“CanItakeitasatravelcompanion?”Inearly2022,Laurent’sparentsdecidedtoquittheirjobs.Theytooktheirfourchildren,Mia,Léo,Colin,andLaurent,travelledover52,000milesandvisited13countries.Overthemonths,theworldconstantlyunveiled(显露)itself.Thekidsplayedpat-a-cakewithuniformedschoolchildreninBotswana,andwhileinTanzaniatheytriedAfricantraditionaldanceswithlocalsandstayedonabananafarm.InThailand,theytouchedanelephant,callingoutinsurpriseathowroughitfelt.Rarelydidtheytalkaboutwhytheywereabroadinthefirstplace,withoneexception.WhiletravellingalongadustyMongolianhighwaylastsummer,Laurent,whohadseemedunawareofwhatwastocome,asked,“Whatdoesitmeantobeblind?HowwillIcrossthestreet?WillIbeabletodriveacar?”“It’slikewhenyouhaveyoureyesclosed,”hismothersaid.“Itwon’thappenovernight,butslowly,overyears.”Beingblind,shecontinued,didn’tmeantheendoftheworld.Rather,theworldwouldbedifferent.Nothingwouldpreventthemfromdoingmostthings,includingskiing,swimmingorevenbecomingscientistswhoworkedoncuresfortheirdisease.Laurentnodded,thenwentbacktomakinguphisowngamestopassthetime.Thefourkidswillbecomeblind,likelyinadulthood.Theyhaveadiseasecalledretinitispigmentosa(RP),agroupofrelatedeyedisordersthatcauseprogressiveeyesightloss.Byfar,ithasnoeffectivetreatment,anditwillgraduallytakeawaytheireyesight.However,theirparentsstillwanttheirkidstoleadfulllives,whetherthey’reblindornot.Thetriphasreinforced(增强)whattheybelievealltheseyears-thekidswillfindtheirway.Eachday,theirparentswatchthekidschange,physicallyandemotionally.Laurentgrowstallerandneedsmoreindependence.BothLéoandColinbecomemoreconfidentandoutgoing,unafraidtoengagewithstrangers.“Today,myeyesightisgoodandI’mgoingtomakethemostofit,”saysMia.“Tomorrow,wewillrisetothechallenge.”24.Accordingtothepassage,whatdidthefamilyexperienceontheirtrip?A.Theydidthefarmwork.B.Theytookelephantrides.C.Theycompletedzootours.D.Theyenjoyedthefolkdance.25.WhatmadeLaurent’sparentsdecidetoquittheirjobs?A.Theirkids’health.B.Theirworkchallenges.C.Theirfamilydreams.D.Theirpassionfornature.26.Whatdidthetripmainlybringtothekids?A.Strongbodies.B.Socialskills.C.Positivemindset.D.Languageability.27.Whatcanwemainlyconcludefromthispassage?A.Travellingistoseekforaninterestinglife.B.Nothingisimpossibletoadeterminedheart.C.One’spotentialcannotalwaysbeunderrated.D.Treasurewhatyouhaveandlivelifetothefullest.CTooMuchInformationComputerhackers,inordertogetmoresecretinformation,constantlyimproveatbreakingintocyberdefenses(网络防御系统)tostealvaluabledocuments.Sosomeresearchersproposeusinganartificial-intelligencealgorithm(算法)tohopelesslyconfusethem,oncetheybreakin,byhidingtherealdealinamountainofmisleadingdocumentsandinformation.Thealgorithm,calledWordEmbedding-basedFakeOnlineRepositoryGenerationEngine(WE-FORGE),createsdecoysofpatentsunderdevelopment.Ifhackerswereafter,say,therecipeforanewdrug,theywouldhavetofindtherelevantneedleinaseaoffalsedocuments.Thiscouldmeancheckingeachrecipeindetail-andperhapsinvestinginafewdead-endones.“Thenameofthegamehereis,‘Makeitharder,”explainsV.SSubrahmanian,itsdeveloper,DartmouthCollegeCyberSecurityresearcher.“Painthosestealingfromyou.”Subrahmaniansayshetackledthisprojectafterreadingthatcompaniesareunawareofnewkindsofcyberattacksforanaverageof312daysaftertheybegin.“Hackershavealmostayeartodecampwithallourdocuments,patentsandintellectualproperty,”hesays.“Theyhavestolenalmosteverything.It’snotjustthecrownjewels-it’sthecrownjewels,andthejewelsofthecleaninglady,andthewatchofthesecretary!”ThedocumentsproducedbyWE-FORGEcouldalsoactashiddentrapstoconfusehackers,saysRachelTobac,CEOofSocialProofSecurity.Thesedocumentsmightalertsecuritywhenaccessed.Companieshavetypicallyusedhuman-createdfalsecopiesforthisstrategy.Butnowthealgorithmisabletodothatforus.Thesystemproducesconvincingtrapsbysearchingthroughadocumentforkeywords.Foreachoneitfinds,itcalculatesalistofrelatedconceptsandreplacestheoriginaltermwithonechosenatrandom.Theprocesscanproducedozensofdocumentsthatcontainnopatentinformationbutstilllookcredible.Subrahmanianandhisteamaskedcomputerscienceandchemistrygraduatestoevaluaterealandfalsepatentsfromtheirrespectivefields.AndthehumansfoundtheWE-FORGE-createddocumentshighlybelievable.WE-FORGEmighteventuallyexpanditsboundary.BothSubrahmanianandTobacthinkthisresearchwillattractcommercialinterest.“Icoulddefinitelyseeanorganizationinvestinginthistypeofproduct,”Tobacsays.“Ifthiscreatesbelievabledecoyswithoutreleasingsensitivedetailswithinthosetraps,thenIthinkyou’vegotahugewiththere.”28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decoys”inParagraph2referto?A.Misleadingdocuments.B.Originalterms.C.Computeroperatingsystems.D.Cybersecurities.29.InParagraph3,whatSubrahmaniansaysindicates______.A.thegreedinessofhackersB.thewealthofthecompaniesC.theunreliabilityofthenetworkD.thevarietyofintellectualproperty30.WhatcanwelearnaboutWE-FORGE?A.Itwillsoundalarmuponbeingoperated.B.Itisprofitablefortheusersbyavoidingtheirloss.C.Ithasattractedinvestorsforitsapplicationinmanyfields.D.Itcancomposeirrelevantconceptsinthefalsedocuments.DThescientistsbehindanewdatabaseofmorethan400extremeweatherattribution(归因)studieshaveperformedanessentialservice.Thispieceofwork,drawingtogethereverystudyofthistype,oughttocreateagreatersenseofurgencyaroundpolicymakingandcampaigning.Itshowsthatintenseheatwaves,hurricanes,andfloodshaveallbeenmadefarmorelikelybygreenhousegasemissions.Anditspellsoutthealarmingunpredictabilityaswellastheextentofglobalheating’sconsequences.Untiltheearly2000s,whenthefirstattributionstudieswerepublished,itwashardertolinkCO2intheatmospherewithglobalheating’ssensibleeffects.Thankstoagrowingbodyofresearch,nowweknow.Thelastsummer’srecord-breaking“heatdome”(热穹顶)acrosstheglobewouldhavebeenalmostimpossiblewithouthuman-causedclimatechange.“Beautyistruth,truthbeauty,”wrotethepoetJohnKeatsjustover200yearsago.Whenitcomestoclimate,truthcanfeelclosertoterrorthesedays.Butscientistsarerighttoinsistthattherealitymustbefaced.Indeed,thisistheonlywaytoavoidthemostdisastrousoutcomes.Inanewbook,HothouseEarth,ProfBillMcGuirearguesthatwehavereachedastagewhenminimisingdangersshouldberegardedas“climateappeasement”.Likethehistoricalresponsibilityforcarbonemissions,attitudesandexperiencesinthepresentcrisisareunevenlyandunjustlysharedout.Billionsofpeoplearoundtheworld,andaboveallintheglobalsouth,arecaughtupday-to-dayinastruggleforsurvival.Thisdoesn’tmeantheydon’trecogniseglobalheating;subsistence(勉强维持生活)farmersandfishersaremoredirectlyexposedtoenvironmentaldamagethananyoneelse.Butwesterngovernments,businessesandpeoplewhoarerelativelyshelteredfromglobalheating’sworsteffectsshouldrecognisethisastheprivilegethatitis.Withthisyear’sClimateChangeConferencefastapproaching,westerngovernmentsmustfollowthroughontheirpromisesofclimatefinancetoenableagreentransitioninthedevelopingworld.Thepurposeofattributionscienceisnotsimplytowarntheworldaboutwhatishappening,buttoaidpreparationsforwhathasnothappenedyet.Themostalarmingglobaltrend,apartfromstill-risingemissionsthatmeanweareoncoursefor2.5°Cofheating,istheunexpectedspeedwithwhichitisalreadycausingchaos.Givenwhatwenowknowabouttheimpactof1°Cofwarming,itisnoexaggerationtosaythatthistrendisdisastrous.Butalternativesexist,andinsistingonthispointhasneverbeenmoreimportant.Thealarmingfindingsofattributionscientistscangiverisetodesperation-butmustnotbeallowedtoenddeterminationandhope.31.Theattributionstudiesimplythat____.A.policiesaddressingclimateissuesareineffectiveB.itishardtolinkCO2withtheeffectsofglobalheatingC.theextentofglobalheating’sconsequencesisunpredictableD.humansaretoblamefortheincreasedoccurrenceofdisasters32.HowdoesProfBillMcGuirefeelaboutthepresentclimatecrisis?A.Worried. B.Doubtful.C.Optimistic. D.Puzzled.33.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Theglobalsouthisinurgentneedoffinancialsupport.B.Thespeedingupofglobalwarminghasspelledtrouble.C.Globalheatingaffectswesterncountriestoalargerextent.D.Theefforttoreducegreenhousegasemissionhasworked.34.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tourgethepublictofollowthescience.B.Topersuadethescientiststofurthertheirstudy.C.Toassessthecurrentpolicyontheclimatecrisis.D.Toconfirmthepublic’sconcernforglobalheating.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。ThePowerof”Like“Likeitorloveit,socialmediaisamajorpartoflife.Teensspendmorethanhalfoftheirwakinghoursonline.Andmostofwhattheydoisreadandrespondtopostsbyfriendsandfamily.Clickingonathumbs-uporahearticonisaneasywaytostayintouch.____35____Clicking”like“onapostcanincreasethenumberofpeoplewhoseeit.Ifotherpeoplehavelikedapost,newviewerswillbemorelikelytolikeittoo.Manysocialmediasitessharemoreofthehigher-rankedposts.____36____Accordingtorecentstudies,viewingone’sownpostswithalotoflikesactivatestherewardsystemintheirbrains,especiallyforteens.Positiveresponsestoteens’ownphotos(intheformofmanylikes)tellthemthattheirfriendsappreciatethematerialthey’reposting.____37____Seeingsomeoneelse’spopularphoto,however,doesn’tnecessarilyturniton.Morelikely,itmayaffectbehavioralattitudes.____38____Inone2011study,inwhichteensdoingdrivingtaskinalabtookmoreriskswhentheirfriendswerearound,suggeststhatteenswerechangingtheirbehaviortotrytogetsocialapproval.Lastyear,researchersrecruited(招募)32teenstocheckwhethertheymakesimilarchangeswhenusingsocialmedia.Theyfoundthatpopularphotosmightsignaltothemthatwhat’sinthosephotosissociallyacceptable.____39____Thatmeansthatwhatyoulikeonlinehasthepowertoinfluencenotjustwhatotherslike,butevenwhattheydo.Alikeisasocialcue.Teensuseittolearnhowtonavigatetheirsocialworld.Clicking”like“isasimpleactthatcanhavecomplexresults.Alltechuserswillbethoughtfulaboutsocialmedia.A.Asaresult,thatpopularitycanfeedonitself.B.It’snosurprisethatfeedbackfrompeersaffectshowteensbehave.C.Joiningsocialmediacangivepeopleasenseofbeingintheknow.D.Theirbrainsrespondtothoselikesbyturningontherewardcenter.E.Forexample,imagesrelatedtoalcoholmayencourageteenstodrink.F.Andthatcan,inappropriately,makeusfeellesssuccessfulthanthem.G.Butthose”likes“canhavepowerthatgoesbeyondasimpleconnection.第三部分书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。Theidiom“No‘I’inTeam”isbasedonapun(双关语)-Theword“team”doesnotcontaintheletter“i”,whichhighlightstheideathatinsteadoffocusingonthemselvesasindividuals,teammembersshouldworktogethertoachievetheircommongoals.Whenitcomestoachievingsuccess,there’snodenyingthatteamworkplaysacrucialrole.We’veallbeenthere-groupprojectsatschool,workingwithcolleaguesattheofficeorplayingsportswithteammates.Asuccessfulteamagreesandsetsgoalsbasedonoutcomesandresultstocompleteitstasks.It’simportantthateachmemberknowsthedirectiontheteamisworkingtoward,theirresponsibilities,andhowtheyaimtoachievetheteam’scollectivegoals.It’sessentialthatgroupmemberswithintheteamshareworkloadsandhelpeachothertosucceed.Mostly,intypicalworkplaceculture,beingfocusonindividualpursuitsisconsideredplainselfish,butissupportingindividualsintheirownpursuitsreallyanti-team?Evidencesuggeststhatputtingthe“I”backintoteamcanimproveworkplaceproductivityandemployeeengagement.Inthe1990stheHarvardBusinessSchooldidresearch,demonstratingthebenefitsofgivingemployeespaidtimetofollowtheirownindividualpursuits.Sincethen,somenotablecompanieshaveintroducedunstructuredtimeintotheirworkplaces.Globally,85%ofemployeesaredisengagedintheirwork.InDanielPink’sbookDrive,hearguesthatthebestwaytomotivateemployeesisnotthroughthecarrotandstickapproachbutratherthroughallowingandenablingthemtodirecttheirownlives.Whenteamsunderstandwhatmatterstotheindividualswithinthem,theyareabletobetterempathizewitheachotherandhaveeachothers’backs.Thereisan“I”inteamandwhenwestarttoimplementprogramsthatsupportindividualsintheirpursuits,wemayjustfindtheyaremorecreative,moreengagedandmoreproductive.40.Whatideadoestheidiom“No‘I’inTeam”highlight?_______________________________________________________________41.Whyisitimportanttoput“I”backintoteam?_______________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.AccordingtoDanilePink,theeffectivewaytomotivatethe85%employeesistosetthegoalthecompanywouldliketheiremployeestoachieve._______________________________________________________________43.Asanindividual,howcanyouplayyourroleinateam?_______________________________________________________________第二节(20分)44.假设你是李华。你的英国笔友Chris第一次去中国同学家中做客。他给你发来邮件，询问去中国家庭做客的社交礼仪。请你用英文给他回邮件，内容包括：1.社交礼仪；2.提出建议。注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearChris,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua参考答案笔试(共三部分100分)第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)【答案】1.B2.A3.D4.C5.A6.B7.B8.D9.A10.C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在足球队落选后，选择参加无需选拔的跑步队，在挑战自我的过程中不断努力，最终成为了一名优秀的越野赛跑选手的故事。【1题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：名单上没有我的名字。A.coming来；B.missing错过，思念；C.turning转身；D.changing改变。根据“Istillsatwiththematlunch,stilllaughedattheirjokes,___2___IfeltasifIdidn’tbelong.”可知，作者的名字没有出现在足球啦啦队名单上。这里missing为形容词，在句中作表语，表示“缺席的；不在的”。故选B。【2题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我仍然和他们一起吃午饭，仍然为他们讲的笑话发笑，但我觉得自己好像不属于这里。A.but但是；B.so因此；C.or或者；D.for因为。根据“Istillsatwiththematlunch,stilllaughedattheirjokes,”和“IfeltasifIdidn’tbelong.”可知，两句之间为转折关系。故选A。【3题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我父亲建议我参加一项学校运动——跑步，因为任何人都可以报名参加，不需要经过选拔。A.throwing投掷；B.cheerleading啦啦队；C.football足球；D.running跑步。根据下文“Onthetrackteam,runningpushedmetoworkharderthanIeverknewIcould.”可知，作者参加了跑步队。故选D。【4题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只是想我可能会参加直到我再次成为啦啦队员。A.recorded记录；B.heard听说；C.figured认为，想；D.concluded推断。根据“ImightparticipateinituntilImadethecheerleadingteamagain.”可知，此处表示作者当时的想法。故选C。【5题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一场又一场的比赛，我仍然感到我的肺在努力燃烧。A.efforts努力；B.diseases疾病；C.needs需要；D.interest兴趣。根据“Onthetrackteam,runningpushedmetoworkharderthanIeverknewIcould.”可知，作者在跑步队很努力。故选A。【6题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我猜我想挑战一下自己，看看我是否能提高我的跑步时间。A.accept接受；B.challenge挑战；C.express表达；D.treat对待。根据“toseeifIcouldimprovemyrunningtime.”可知，作者想挑战自己。故选B。【7题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二年春天来临的时候，我兴奋地加入了足球啦啦队，但令人难以置信的是，我收到了一位新的越野教练的来信，邀请我加入他的跑步队。A.sending发送；B.asking邀请；C.teaching教；D.reminding提醒。根据“Ireceivedaletterfromanewcross-countrycoach,”可知，新的越野教练邀请作者加入跑步队。故选B。【8题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：我没有理由选择跑步而不是啦啦队，除了我跟随自己的心。A.incaseof万一；B.inspiteof尽管；C.ratherthan而不是；D.otherthan除了。根据“Ididn’thaveareasonforchoosingrunningovercheerleading,”可知，除了听从自己的内心，作者没有选择啦啦队，而是选择了跑步。故选D。【9题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我打电话给教练，告诉他我要试一试时，我从未意识到一个简单的决定会改变我的生活方向。A.decision决定；B.complaint抱怨；C.evaluation评价；D.expectation期待。根据“wouldchangethedirectionofmylife.”可知，一个简单的决定改变了作者的生活方向。故选A。【10题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我选择成为一名跑步者时，我选择做真实的自己。A.friendly友好的；B.tolerant宽容的；C.true真实的；D.respectful有礼貌的。根据“Wecanbewhowewereborntobeorwecanjustfollowthecrowd.”可知，作者选择做一个真正的自己，而不是随波逐流。故选C。第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)【答案】11.recorded12.arethought13.isworking【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国衰退最快的鸟类物种斑鸠数量下降的原因，政府正在采取措施保护他们。【11题详解】考查非谓语。句意：由近1000名志愿者、农民和县鸟类俱乐部记录的数据显示，现在只剩下近2100对，低于1970年的12.5万对。分析句子可知，空处应用非谓语形式在句中作定语，且动词record与被修饰词Thedata构成被动关系，故用过去分词形式。故填recorded。【12题详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：南欧栖息地的丧失和枪击事件被认为是造成这种下降的原因。句子陈述一般事实，应用一般现在时，空处动词与主语构成被动关系，句子应用被动语态，主语LossofhabitatsandshootinginsouthernEurope“南欧栖息地的丧失和枪击事件”是两个方面，故be动词用are。故填arethought。【13题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：然而，还是有希望的，因为现在政府正在与土地所有者合作，允许更多的食物供应到栖息地。根据句中时间状语now可知，句子应用现在进行时，主语thegovernment为单数名词，be动词用is。故填isworking。【答案】14.successfully15.difficulties16.on17.development【导语】本文一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了中国第一架国产客机中国商飞C919成功在5月完成首飞，标志着中国航天史上的一个里程碑。【14题详解】考查副词。句意：5月，中国第一架国产客机中国商飞C919成功完成首飞，标志着中国航天史上的一个里程碑。分析句子可知，空处修饰动词completed，应用副词successfully，在句中作状语。故填successfully。【15题详解】考查名词复数。句意：到目前为止，中国已经解决了100多项关键技术的困难，申请了1万多项专利。根据morethan100keytechnologies可知，此处difficulty指具体困难，应用复数形式。故填difficulties。【16题详解】考查介词。句意：过去，中国主要依赖其他国家的技术，但今天正在应用自己的技术，有助于推动国家经济的高质量发展。dependon“依靠，依赖”为固定短语。故填on。【17题详解】考查名词。句意：过去，中国主要依赖其他国家的技术，但今天正在应用自己的技术，有助于推动国家经济的高质量发展。分析句子可知，空处在句中作宾语，应用名词development，不可数名词。故填development。【答案】18.whose19.Growing20.what【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了安娜·琼斯的第一本书《城乡关系危机的划分》入围2022年詹姆斯·克罗珀·温赖特奖。她从小在农村长大，使得她对农村生活有独特见解，并创立一些项目来帮助农民。【18题详解】考查定语从句。句意：安娜·琼斯是一名记者，她的第一本书《城乡关系危机的划分》入围2022年詹姆斯·克罗珀·温赖特奖。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，且先行词AnnaJones在从句中作定语，故用关系代词whose。故填whose。【19题详解】考查动名词。句意：在农场长大和在城市工作让安娜对农村生活有了难得的了解。分析句子可知，空处应用动名词形式在句中和working一起作并列主语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Growing。【20题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：她还开办了一个媒体教育项目，帮助农民找到信心，与更广泛的世界分享他们的经历。分析句子可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，且指代事情，应用连接代词what作引导词。故填what。第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)【答案】21.D22.C23.C【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了三个非洲的志愿者服务项目。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据文章WildlifeandConservationProjects部分“WildlifeconservationvolunteeringinAfricacanbehardworkattimesasyouhavetodealwiththehuman-wildlifeconflictsandensurelocalcommunitiesbenefitfromconservation.(在非洲做野生动物保护志愿者有时是一项艰巨的工作，因为你必须处理人类与野生动物的冲突，并确保当地社区从保护中受益)”可知，在野生动物和保护项目中，您将处理人类与野生动物之间的冲突。故选D项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Hereareavarietyofvolunteeringopportunities,includingmedical,sports,andwildlifeconservationinAfrica,whichcanhelpgainhands-oninternationalworkexperienceandlearnthingsyou’llnevergetoutofatextbook.(这里有各种各样的志愿服务机会，包括非洲的医疗、体育和野生动物保护，这有助于获得实际的国际工作经验，并学到课本上永远不会学到的东西)”可知，你可以从这三个项目中获得工作经验。故选C项。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Hereareavarietyofvolunteeringopportunities,includingmedical,sports,andwildlifeconservationinAfrica,whichcanhelpgainhands-oninternationalworkexperienceandlearnthingsyou’llnevergetoutofatextbook.(这里有各种各样的志愿服务机会，包括非洲的医疗、体育和野生动物保护，这有助于获得实际的国际工作经验，并学到课本上永远不会学到的东西)”可知，文章主要介绍了三个非洲的志愿者服务项目。故选C项。【答案】24.D25.A26.C27.D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了劳伦特的父母带着他们的四个成年后会失明的孩子去环游世界，体现出一种要珍惜现在所拥有的并尽情享受生活的人生态度。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Thekidsplayedpat-a-cakewithuniformedschoolchildreninBotswana,andwhileinTanzaniatheytriedAfricantraditionaldanceswithlocalsandstayedonabananafarm.

(在博茨瓦纳，孩子们与穿制服的学童一起玩拍蛋糕游戏，在坦桑尼亚，他们与当地人一起尝试非洲传统舞蹈，并住在香蕉农场。)”可知，这家人很喜欢民间舞蹈。故选D项。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Inearly2022,Laurent’sparentsdecidedtoquittheirjobs.Theytooktheirfourchildren,Mia,Léo,Colin,andLaurent,travelledover52,000milesandvisited13countries.(2022年初，劳伦特的父母决定辞职。他们带着他们的四个孩子，Mia、Léo、Colin和Lauren