高中英语 阅读、七选五、完型、语法填空 （解析版）

高中英语阅读、七选五、完型、语法填空（解析版）一、阅读理解A体裁主题语境词数难度说明文人与社会——文学、艺术与体育343★★★TheChristmasPig,J.K.Rowling'sfirstchildren'snovelsinceHarryPotterI,isafeel-goodbook,fullofsurprises,whichwilldelightadultsandchildrenalike,notonlyfortheoriginalstory,butalsofortheimaginativescenery,charactersandobjectsthatinteractwiththemaincharacters.IttellsthestoryofJackandthelovehefeelsforDurPig,astuffedtoypigwhohasbeenwithhimsincehewasatoddler.AfterlosinghimonChristmasEve,JackwillembarkonagreatadventuretosaveDurPigwiththehelpoftheChristmasPig,abrand-newreplacementforDurPig.J.K.Rowlingshowsagain,withthisbook,whysheisconsideredoneofthegreateststorytellersofhertime.Shedistinguishesherselfagaininworldbuilding,andyoungerandolderreaderswillbesurprised,chapterafterchapter,bytheoriginalideasthatsheintroducesinthisworldthatJackandhisfriendvisit.TheworldRowlingcreatesisnotcomplexbutitdoesnotunderestimatechildren:itisaworldwithclearlogisticsthattheprotagonists(主人翁)mustfollow,carefullycraftedtoservethestoryandnotitsreaders.ThoselongtimereadersofJ.K.Rowling'sworkswillfindfamiliarpassagesandthemesthattheymaywanttoconnecttotheHarryPotterbooks.Itishardtotellifthosereferencesarethereonpurpose,buttheremaybesomesatisfactioninthinkingthatRowlingmusthavenoticedandenjoyedthemprivatelywhileshewaswritingthem.Parentsaroundtheworldmayhaveadifficulttimeeverynight,onceachapterisfinishedandtheirchildrenmustgotosleep.TheChristmasPigwillkeepreadersturningpageswithagreatandimaginativestory,filledwithcliffhangersattheendofmostchaptersthatwillleavekidsaskingformore.IfsomereviewerssaidthatTheIckaboglackedHarryPotter'smagic,theycanrestassuredthatTheChristmasPighasallthemagicthatJ.K.Rowlingcanprovide,andthat'smorethanenough.1.WhyisJ.K.Rowlingratedasoneofthebeststorytellersofhertime?A.Hercapacityinbuildingcharacters.Herabilitytodesigncomplicatedplots.Hertendencytowritetochildren'staste.Hercreativityinworldbuilding.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“cliffhangers”probablymeaninparagraph5?A.Imagination.B.Suspense. C.Magic. D.Challenge.3.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph4andparagraph5?A.Sheintentionallyincludedreferencestoherpreviousworks.B.Parentshavedifficultyfallingasleepafterfinishingachapter.C.SomereviewersfoundTheIckabogfullofmagic.D.TheChristmasPigisagoodillustrationofJ.K.Rowling'smagic.4.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsJ.K.Rowling'sbook“TheChristmasPig”?A,Critical.B.Objective.C.Enthusiastic.D.Indifferent.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了J.K.罗琳的小说《圣诞猪》的故事大概内容以及特点。1.D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Shedistinguishesherselfagaininworldbuilding,andyoungerandolderreaderswillbesurprised,chapterafterchapter,bytheoriginalideasthatsheintroducesinthisworldthatJackandhisfriendvisit.”可知，J.K.罗琳被认为是她那个时代最会讲故事的人之一是因为她在构建世界方面的创造力，故选D.2.B解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“TheChristmasPigwillkeepreadersturningpageswithagreatandimaginativestory,filledwith”以及后文“attheendofmostchaptersthatwillleavekidsaskingformore”可知，《圣诞猪》的故事让读者不断翻页，让孩子们想要更多，说明在大多数章节的结尾都充满了悬念，让人想要继续读下去。故画线词的意思是“悬念”。故选B。3.D解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“IfsomereviewerssaidthatTheIckaboglackedHarryPotter'smagic,theycanrestassuredthatTheChristmasPighasallthemagicthatJ.K.Rowlingcanprovide,andthat'smorethanenough.”可推知，《圣诞猪》是J.K.罗琳充满魔力的一个很好的例证。故选D。4.C解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“TheChristmasPig,J.K.Rowling'sfirstchildren'snovelsinceHarryPotterI,isafeel-goodbook,fullofsurprises,whichwilldelightadultsandchildrenalike,notonlyfortheoriginalstory,butalsofortheimaginativescenery,charactersandobjectsthatinteractwiththemaincharacters.”可推知，作者对J.K.罗琳的小说《圣诞猪》充满热情。故选C。【知识补充】1.imaginativeadj.想象的2.distinguishv.使出众，使著名，使受人青睐3.underestimatev.低估4.interactwith与……互动5.embarkon从事，着手，开始(新的或艰难的事情)B体裁主题语境词数难度说明文人与自然——自然生态324★★★Manypeoplefeelthatdreamisuniquetohumans.However,manydogownerswilllikelydisagreeonthat.Theyhavenoticedthattheirdogsatvarioustimesduringthesleepmayshakelegs,snort(哼)andsometimesgrowl(低声吼叫)whichgivestheimpressionthattheyaredreaming.Thesethingsmaywonderusaboutwhetherdogsdream.Scientistsconfirmthatdogsprobablydodream:Itturnsoutthatdogbrainsandhumanbrainshavemanysimilaritiesduringsleepcycles.Researchersusedspecialmachinestomeasureelectricalactivityinadog'sbrainandhuman'sbrain.Scientistsalreadyknewthatwhenhumansdream,acertainpartofthebrainisactiveduringsleep.Researchersdiscoveredthatthesamepartofthebrainisactiveinsleepingdogs.Scientistshaveotherdatathatbackupthesefindings.Manypeopledreamthattheyaretryingtomovebutcannot.Interestingly,partofthatexperienceisnotadream.Whenpeoplesleep,thebrainproducesachemicalthatcausesthedreamertobecometemporarilyparalyzed(使麻痹).Researchersthinkthishappenssothatpeoplecannotphysicallyactoutdreamswhiletheyaresleeping.Dogbrainsmakethesamechemical.Inonestudyduringwhichthischemicalwasblocked,sleepingtestdogsperformedphysicalactivities,suchasstandingup,sniffingaroundtheroomforimaginaryrabbits,orchasingimaginaryballs.Becauseofthesesimilarities,researchersbelievethatthecontentofadog'sdreammightcomefromthesamesourceasahuman'sdream.“People'sdreamsareusuallybasedonthingstheydidthatday,”saysDrSamanthaHudspith,“Sothereisreasontobelievethatdogsdreamaboutthethingsthey'vedonethatday.Ofcourse,therewillneverbeawaytoprovethis.Dogscannotdescribetheirdreamsthewaythathumanscan.”5.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“backup”meaninthesecondparagraph?A.Disagree.B.Support.C.Record.D.Show.6.Whathappenedtoasleepingdogwhenthischemicalmentionedinparagraph3wascutoff?A.Itwokeup.B.Itstoppeddreaming.C.Itactedoutitsdream.D.Itcouldn'tmoveitsbody.7.Howisthetextmainlydeveloped?A.Bytellingstories.B.Bygivingexamples.C.Bycomparingdetails.D.Bylistingdifferences.8.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.DoDogsDream?B.WhyDoDogsDream?C.SignsofDogDreamsD.SimilaritiesBetweenHumansandDogs【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。许多人觉得梦是人类独有的。然而许多养狗人注意到狗在睡着时会摇晃腿、打鼾，有时会低声吼叫，因此他们认为狗在做梦。科学家通过实验发现狗可能会做梦，但也无法证明这一点，因为狗无法像人类那样描述自己的梦。5.B解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“Scientistsconfirmthatdogsprobablydodream.”可知，科学家证实狗可能会做梦。下文的研究结果是在解释为什么狗有可能像人一样做梦。由本段最后一句“Scientistshaveotherdatathatbackupthesefindings.”可知，科学家有其他数据支持这些研究结果。因此本段首尾两句相扣，backup与confirm同义，意为“证明，证实”。故选B。6.C解析：推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，在一项研究中阻断这种化学物质的产生，结果是参与睡眠测试的狗开始活动，例如站起来，在房间里嗅想象中的免子，或者追逐想象中的球，即当该种化学物质被抑制后，睡着的狗开始将梦中的活动付诸于实施。故选C。7.C解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Itturnsoutthatdogbrainsandhumanbrainshavemanysimilaritiesduringsleepcycles.”和第三段中的“Dogbrainsmakethesamechemical,”可知，狗的大脑和人的大脑在睡眠时进行的活动有许多相似之处，即产生同样的化学物质。因此本文主要是通过比较的方法来写作的。故选C。8.A解析：主旨大意题。文章第一段描述人们注意到，狗在睡眠中的不同时间可能会摇晃腿、打鼾，有时会低声吼叫，这给人一种它们在做梦的印象。这些事情可能会让我们怀疑狗是否会做梦。根据下文“Scientistsconfirmthatdogsprobablydodream.”可知，文章就狗是否会做梦展开论述。因此“狗是否能做梦?”是文章的最佳标题。故选A。【知识补充】1,similarityn.相似性2.temporarilyadv.暂时地，临时地3.beuniqueto(sb/sth)(某人、地或事物)独具的，特有的【长难句分析】Whenpeoplesleep,thebrainproducesachemicalthatcausesthedreamertobecometemporarilyparalyzed.(第三段第三句)句意：肖人们睡着时，大脑会产生一种使做梦者暂时麻痹的化学物质。分析：本句为复合句。when引导状语从句；thatcausesthedreamertobecometemporarilyparalyzed是关系代词that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词achemical。二、七选五体裁主题语境词数难度说明文人与自我——生活与学习226★★★Doyouthinkyouneedtoshoutatyourselftoforceyourselftofinishyourhomework?Ifso,thinkagain.1Researchshowsthatpracticingself-compassion(自我关怀)improvesourmentalandphysicalwell-beingandsupportslong-termsuccess.Self-compassionisthepracticeofbeingkindandsupportivetoourselves.Theoppositeisbeingself-criticalandmeantoourselveswhenwemakeamistake.2Thesenegativeresponsesarerelatedtodepression,stressandreducedqualityoflife.A2017studyfoundpeoplewhopracticeself-compassiontendtohandlestressbetter.Theirbodieshavelessofastressresponsewhen,forexample,theymeetwithdifficultiesatworkorschool. 3Let'ssaytheydopoorlyonageometrytest.Self-compassionhelpsthemusetheexperiencetomakechangesgoforward,likeseekingoutamathtutor. 4Wecanstartwithmindfulness.Firstofall,practiceobservingourthoughts—aretheyunderstandingorcritical?Don'tjudgeourselvestooseverelythen.Ratherthangettingcaughtupinhowwecouldhavedonebetter,forgiveourselvesandthinkaboutwhattochangewhileremainingrespectful,andlovingtoourselves. 5Wecanreadanovel,playamusicalinstrumentorkickaroundasoccerballwithfriends.Withpractice,wecanlearntotreatourselveswithkindnessandunconditionallove—nottoughlove.A.Sohowdowedevelopself-compassion?B.Itmaybemoreeffectivetobekindtoyourself.C.Itincludeslettinggoofyourstrictself-criticism.D.Mindfulnessisthekeytopracticingself-compassion.E.Butthisapproachdoesnotmakeusfeelorperformbetter.F.Theyhavemoreconfidencetolookforareaswheretheycanimprove.G.Also,showourselveskindnessinwaysthatnourish(滋养)ourspiritandbody.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了通过自我关怀的练习，我们可以学会用善意和无条件的爱来对待自己。1.B解析：前文提到可能通过对自己大吼大叫来促使自己完成作业的这一情况，后文提到研究表明对自己鼓励和关怀有利于自身长期的成功，说明对自己好一点可能在促使自已完成一件事上更加有效果。B项提到善待自己更加有效果，该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选B。2.E解析：前文提到人在犯错误的时候很容易进行自我批评，且后文提到对自己的批评可能会导致抑郁、有压力且可能会影响生活质量。E项提到自我批评并不会让自己感觉良好。该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选E。3.F解析：根据空处前后文可知，练习自我关怀的人能更好地应对压力，而且能够进行自我关怀的人会根据自己的情况做出适当的可以改变自己的行为。F项提到会自我关怀的人会寻求改进自己的机会和方法。该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选F。4.A解析：由该段内容可以判断，该段提到了进行自我关怀的练习方法。A项由问题引出后文中进行自我关怀的方法，起到引出后文的作用，符合文意。故选A。5.G解析：前文提到要与自己和解，要尊重自己、爱自己，后文提到读书运动和演奏音乐都是让自己身心健康的好方法。G项提到了要善待自己，滋养自己。该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选G。三、完形填空体栽主题语境词数难度记叙文人与自我———生活与学习245★★★Atschool,artclassisfun.We1withdifferenttechniquesandgenerallygetcreative.However,afieldtriptoanartgalleryisoften2.Lastyear,myartteacherorganizedatriptoanartexhibition.Thegallerywasfullofolderpeople,whoobviouslydidn'twanttobewith3students.Weallgot4andcouldn'tstopchatting.Ourteacherwasgetting5andkepttellingustobequiet.Thenextdaywecomplainedtoourteacheraboutthe6ofactivitiesforteensatartgalleries.She7thatavisitshouldbebotheducationalandfun.That'swhenIdecidedtogoonlineandlookforartgalleriesthathavespecial8forteens.Eventually,I 9tofindahugerangeofactivitiesandproposedsometomyteacher.Ialsousedthe10tolearnaboutartists.Recently,IfoundacontemporaryartistcalledMartinBailey.I've11seenartistswhocombinedifferenttechniques,butBaileyistotallydifferent.Hedoesuniqueillustrationswith12householdobjectssuchasumbrellas,headphonesandevencookies.Hisartissimple,butitmakesyouseethings13.Forexample,henoticesthataflowerissimilartoamop(拖把)andputsthis14intolifebydrawingalittlemanwitharealflowermop.It'sreally15!IhopeI'llbeabletogotoanexhibitionofhisworkinthefuture.1.A.dealB.startC.struggleD.experiment2.A.disappointingB.challengingC.excitingD.interesting3.A.noisyB.carelessC.attentiveD.creative4.A.annoyedB.boredC.lostD.worried5.A.weakB.sensitiveC.stressedD.tired6.A.lackB.themeC.resultD.schedule7.A.announcedB.demandedC.suggestedD.agreed8.A.giftsB.pricesC.paintingsD.events9.A.happenedB.determinedC.managedD.expected10.A.activityB.InternetC.tripD.exhibition11.A.alreadyB.neverC.merelyD.obviously12.A.usefulB.fancyC.suitableD.ordinary13.A.clearlyB.directlyC.differentlyD.critically14.A.designB.idea C.plantD.tool15.A.abstractB.amusing C.strange D.practical【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者参加一次艺术展之后，发现艺术课很有趣，并因此而感觉未来可期。1.D解析；根据后半句“differenttechniquesandgenerallygetcreative”可知，这里是指对各种绘画技巧进行试验(experiment)。故选D。2.A解析：根据第二段第一句“Thenextdaywecomplainedtoourteacheraboutthe6ofactivitiesforteensatartgalleries.”可知，大家向老师抱怨艺术展没有青少年的活动，所以应该是令人失望的(disappointing)。故选A。3.A解析：根据下文“Ourteacherwasgetting5andkepttellingustobequict.”可知，学生们是吵闹的(noisy)。故选A。4.B解析：根据前面一句“Thegallerywasfullofolderpeople,whoobviouslydidn'twanttobewith3students.”,结合设空处后面“couldn'tstopchatting”可知，因为学生在画展上感到无聊(bored),所以才一直在聊天。故选B。5.C解析：根据上文可知，老师看到学生在画廊聊天吵闹，担心影响其他人，所以老师感到有压力(stressed),所以一直告诉孩子们不要吵闹。故选C。“That'swhenIdecidedtogoonlineandlookforartgalleriesthathavespecial8forteens”结合本题空格前面的“complainedtoourteacher”可知，“我”向老师抱怨此次活动缺少(lack)青少年活动。故选A。7.D解析：根据下文“That'swhenIdecidedtogoonlineandlookforartgalleriesthathavespecial8forteens.”可知，老师同意(agree)参观活动应该兼顾教育性和趣味性。故选D。8.D解析：句意：就在那时，我决定上网寻找为青少年举办特别活动的艺术画廊。根据上文可知，此次活动缺少青少年活动(event)。故选D。9.C解析：根据下文“findahugerangeofactivitiesandproposedsometomyteacher”可知，作者成功(manage)地找到了适合青少年活动的画廊。故选C。10.B解析：根据前文“That'swhenIdecidedtogoonlineandlookforartgalleries”可知，作者使用网络(Internet)搜索相关信息。故选B。11.A解析：根据后半句“butBaileyistotallydifferent”可知，作者应该是已经(already)了解了许多不同的艺术家，所以才看出Bailey是不同的。故选A。12.D解析：根据后半句“suchasumbrellas,headphonesandevencookies”可知，该艺术家是将普通的(ordinary)物品做成艺术品。故选D。13.C解析：根据前文“Hisartissimple,but”,结合Forexample后面的内容可知，此处表示转折，即他的作品虽然简单，但他的作品可以让你从不同(differently)角度看待它们。故选C。14.B解析：根据空格前“aflowerissimilartoamop”可知，这是对常见事物的一种看法(idea)。故选B。15.B解析：根据上文举的例子可知，这个很有趣(amusing)。故选B。四、语法填空体裁主题语境词数难度记叙文人与社会——文学、艺术与体育239★★★Itwasasuccessfulafternoonall-roundforFranceonSunday.Theteam1(book)itstickettothequarter-finalsofthe2022WorldCupwith23-1victoryoverPoland.Andmembersoftheteamhitanumberofhistoricmarks.France'sgoalkeeperHugoLlorismadehis142ndappearance,3(come)level(平齐的)withLilianThuramashiscountry'smost-cappedplayer.Upfront,OlivierGiroudbecameFrance's4(lead)men'sscorerwithhis52ndgoalforLesBleus,breakingThierryHenry'srecord.5,thestaroftheshowonSundaywasKylianMbappé, 6continuedhisrecord-settingpacewithaforcefuldouble.Atjust23yearsofage,Mbappéisoneofthemostexcitingtalentsinworldfootball,and7(consistent)deliversonthebiggeststageforFrance.Havinghelpedsecurethenation'ssecondWorldCupt