新教材高考英语复习特训卷课下天天练（十七）50分阅读提分练

课下天天练(十七)50分阅读提分练姓名________班级________考号________时间：40分钟阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A[2023·甘肃省第二次高考诊断]Sharksareamazingcreatures.Theyareknownasthedeadliesthuntersinthesea.Fortunatelymostarenot,buttherearesomekindsofsharksthatcanbeextremelydangerous.Lookattheseshortdescriptionsoffourkindsofsharks.TheGreatWhiteSharkTheGreatWhiteSharkisoneofthemostfrighteningcreaturesinthesea.Theyliveintropicalandsubtropicalwaters,andtheycangrowupto9meterslong.MostGreatWhiteSharksareactuallygrey,blueorbrownwithawhitebelly,andtheirpowerfulteetharetriangleswithedgeslikesaws.TheWhaleSharkWhaleSharksarethelargestkindofsharkintheworldupto11metersinlength.Theyliveintropicalwatersallaroundtheworld,buttheyarenotdangerous.WhaleSharksarebrownorgreywithwhiteoryellowstripes.Theyoftentravelnearthesurfaceofthesea.TheMakoSharkMakoSharksarefiercepredators.TheyefromthesamefamilyofsharksastheGreatWhiteSharkandtheyareespeciallyfast—theycanswimatspeedsofupto65kilometersperhour.TheyarelargebluishsharksfoundintheAtlanticOcean,PacificOceanandIndianOcean.MakoSharkscangrowupto3meterslong.TheGreatHammerheadSharkTheGreatHammerheadShark'smoststrikingfeatureisitswidethickheadwhichlookslikeahammer.TheaveragesizeofaGreatHammerheadSharkisapproximately3.5meters,butitcangrowupto6meterslong.Thesesharksaverageover500poundsbutcanweighasmuchas1，000pounds.Likemostsharksthefemalesarelargerthanthemales.Theyhaveseveralrowsofteeththathave24to37teethperrow.TheGreatHammerheadSharkhasaverykeensenseofsmell,whichhelpsitfinditsprey.1．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．Sharksusuallyliveinicywaters.B．MakoSharksarefastbutnotdangerous.C．TheGreatWhiteSharkhas24to37sharpteeth.D．WhaleSharksarebiggerthanothersharksinthesea.2．WhyisasharkcalledtheGreatHammerheadShark?A．Becauseofthesizeofitsbody.B．Becauseofthewatersitlivesin.C．Becauseoftheshapeofitshead.D．Becauseofthefunctionofitsteeth.3．Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A．Anewsreport.B．Abookreview.C．Anadvertisement.D．Abiologymagazine.B[2023·长春市高三质量预测四]CHARITYHONORSSON'SMEMORYNonprofitprovidinggiftsto18to39yearsoldisraisingmemoryByPAMKRAOENRAMONA,Calif.—Beforehediedfromcanceratage29,SilasRiverBennettspenthisfinalmonthstakingphotographsoftheworldaroundhim,emailingfriends,buyinggiftsforhissistersandencouraginghisfamilytogivethingstotheneedy.“Whatwasimportanttohimwastohaveasenseofhimselfoutsideofcancer，”saidhismom,LorraineKerzofRamona.Bennettwenttothehospitalinfall2007withseverebackpains.Hewasdiagnosedwithstage4lungcancerthathadspreadtohisbones.Doctorsbelievedthecancerwasenvironmentallycaused,perhapsbyexposuretosomepoisonousgasinthebasementwherehelivedorpoisonsinthepaintsheusedasapainter.Kerzsaidhersonwasamanwithagreatsenseofhumorandaverycreativemind.Hehadan“electricintellect”wholoveddebatingandwatchingJeopardy！—agameshowonTVandtellingstorieswithhisphotographs.AfterBennettdiedinMay2008,Kerzwantedtohonorthecreativespiritandgenerosityofherson,whosenicknamewas“Sy”.TheresultwasSy'sFund,aRamona­basedall­volunteernationalnonprofitthathasfulfilledthewishesofmorethan250peopleaged18to39whoarebattlingcancer.Sy'sFundprovidesthemwithsmallgifts—suchaslaptops,cameras,guitarlessons,orprinters—tolifttheirspiritsandrefocustheirenergiesinapositivedirection.Thegroupraisesmoneythroughthreefundraiserseachyear,suchasgolftournamentsand5Kraces.Thisyear,becauseoftheCOVID­19,they'retryingavirtualfundraiserforthefirsttime.Afterregisteringonline,participantsmustdownloadthe“Let'sRoam”apptotheirphonestodonate.Forthosewhowanttoapplyforawishgrant,visit.Theorganizationisalsoseekingmorevolunteermembers.Fordetails,emailKerzatlorraine@.4．WhydidKerzfoundSy'sFund?A．Becauseshewantedtohonorherson.B．Becauseshewantedtogetridofcancer.C．Becauseshewantedtomakehersonfamous.D.Becauseshewantedtogainmoreprofit.5．WhatcanwelearnaboutSy?A．Hiscancerwascausedbypoisonouspaints.B.Hespenthisfinalmonthspreparingforthefund.C．Hewasenergeticandlivedashortbutcolorfullife.D．Hediedmorethanoneyearafterhewasdiagnosedwithcancer.6．HowdoesSy'sFundhelptheneedy?A．Bysellingsomethingstocancerpatientsatalowprice.B．Byseekingmorevolunteerstotellstories.C．Byaskingparticipantstodownloadanapptothephones.D．Byprovidingcancerpatientswithsmallgifts.7．Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A．Anewspaper.B．Aguidebook.C．Anannouncement.D．Adiary.C[2023·云南省第一次高中毕业生统一检测]ANewZealandcouncilhasannouncedamonth­longroadclosureinordertoallowasealionandherpuptoreachtheoceansafely.JohnWilsonOceanDriveinDunedinwillbeclosedaftertheNewZealandsealionsmadetheirhomeatanearbygolfcourse(球场)andstarted“regularlycrossingtheroadtogettothebeach”，accordingtoapostfromDunedinCityCouncil.“Youcanstillvisittheareaonfootorbybicycle,butpleasegivethesealionslotsofspace，”continuedthepost.Localsapplaudedthedecision，andoneevencalledfortheclosuretobemadepermanent.“Nodogsshouldbeonthebeach，either，”wroteGayleneSmith.“Weneedtoprotectourbeautifulsealife？”Dogsareknowntoattacksealions,andChisholmLinksGolfCourse,wherethesealionshavemadetheirhome,alsopostedadvicetodog­walkersinanupdate.“We'reluckytohavesealionsonourcoastlineandweneedtosharethespacewiththem，asthisiswhatmakesourcoastlinesounique！”wrotethecourseonamedium.ThecouncilwentontoexplainthatNewZealandsealionsareendangered,andareoneoftheworld'srarestspeciesofsealion.Thereareanestimated12，000NewZealandsealionsleft,accordingtotheDepartmentofConservation.Underlocallaw,anyonewhokillsasealioncouldfaceuptotwoyearsinprisonorafineofuptoNZ$250，000.8．WhatdecisionhastheDunedinCityCouncilmade?A．Closinganoceandriveforamonth.B．Closingthenearbybeachtemporarily.C．Forbiddingentryintoagolfcourse.D．Forbiddingwalkingdogsoutside.9．HowdidtheCityCouncilannouncethedecision?A.ByinformingpeopleonTV.B．Bypostingitonamedium.C．Byadvertisinginanewspaper.D．Bysendingoutnotices.10．Whatistheattitudeofthelocalpeopletowardtheclosure?A．Doubtful.B．Supportive.C．Uncaring.D．Critical.11．WhatcanwelearnaboutNewZealandsealionsfromthetext?A．Theyareunderlegalprotection.B．Theyareamonspecies.C．Theyareafraidofhumans.D．Theyarebeingkilledbydogs.D[2023·长春市高三质量预测四]It'shardtoturndownhamburgers,Frenchfries,potatochipsandalloftheotherjunkfoodthatseemtocallouttous.However,eatingtoomuchjunkfoodcanharmyourbody,particularlyifyou'rebetweentheagesof10and19.“Junkfoodshapesadolescentbrainsinwaysthatweakentheirabilitytothink,learnandremember.Itcanalsomakeithardertocontrolimpulsivebehaviors，”saidAmyReichelt,abrainandnutritionspecialistatWesternUniversity,Canada.“Itmayevenupateen'sriskofdepressionandanxiety.”Reicheltandtwootherresearchersfoundadolescentsaremoresensitivethananyotheragegrouptoprocessedfoodswithalotoffatandsugar.Adolescentbrainsarestilldevelopingtheabilitytoassessrisksandcontrolactions.Theprefrontalcortexisthepartofthebrainthattellsusweshouldn'teatchipsallthetimeandhelpsusresistthaturge.Butthisregionisthelasttomature—itdoesn'tfullydevelopuntilweareinourearly20s.Meanwhile,teenbrainsgetmoreactivefromrewardsforawhile.Thepartsofthebrainthatmakeusfeelgoodwhenwedosomethingpleasurablearefullydevelopedbytheteenyears.Infact,theseregionsareevenmoresensitivewhenweareyoung.That'sbecausedopamine(多巴胺),anaturalchemicalthatliftsourmoodwhenweexperiencesomethinggood,isespeciallyactiveinadolescentbrains.Therefore,theteenbrainhastwostrikesagainstitwhenitestoresistingjunkfood.“Ithasaheighteneddriveforrewardsandreducedself­regulation，”saidReichelt.So,what'sthebestwaytosaynotojunkfood?Researcherssuggestexercise.Whenweexercise,thebrain'srewardsystembeeslesssensitivetofood.Exercisealsocausethebodytomakeaproteinthathelpsbraincellsgrowandboostsconnectionsbetweentheprefrontalcortexandotherbrainregions.Theprefrontalcortexthuscanworkbettertohelpusmakewisedecisionsandcontrolourimpulses.12．Whatisthemainideaofthesecondparagraph?A．Theeffectsofeatingjunkfood.B．Thecausesoffavouringjunkfood.C．Thetendencyofsharingjunkfood.D．Thebenefitsofavoidingjunkfood.13．Whatisthefunctionoftheprefrontalcortex?A．Itservesasthesenseoftaste.B．Itpromotesteenagers'spirits.C．Itispartlyinchargeofself­control.D．Ithelpsteenagersgrowphysicallymature.14．Whatdoes“it”refertointhethirdparagraph?A.Theprefrontalcortex.B．Theurge.C．Theadolescentbrain.D．Thebody.15．Whyitishardforteenstogiveupjunkfood?A．Junkfoodisdeliciousandnutritious.B．Junkfoodispopularamongyoungpeople.C．Teenagersdon'trealizetheharmofjunkfood.D．Teenagerscanfeeltemporaryexcitementfromjunkfood.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。[2023·南昌市第三次模拟]Intheworkplace,oneofthemostimportantskillstopossessisgoodmunication.__1__；itmeanstheyareabletolistentoothers,aswellassuccessfullyconveytheirownideasandopinions.Whilelisteningandspeakingareimportantineffectivemunication,thereareotherskillsthatarevitaltogoodmunicationintheworkplace.__2__.Thismeansnotonlylisteningwithyourearsbutalsobeingabletoprehendwhatthepersonissaying.Givingco­workersyourfullattentionwhentheyareconveyinganideacangoalongwayinbuildingrelationshipsandfurtheringprogress.Havingempathy(同情)isveryusefulinmunication.__3__.Putyourselfintheotherperson'spositioninsteadofjudgingorcriticizingbasedonyourownbeliefs.Whilethismaybedifficultforsome,empathizingwithotherscanbeveryhelpfulinkeepingintunewithyourownemotionsandideas.Encouragingotherswillheightenconfidenceandappreciationintheworkplace.__4__，youhelpothersfeeltheyarewanted,weledandrespectedbyco­workers.Peoplearemuchmorelikelytosparenoeffortiftheyknowtheyarevalued.Bodylanguagecangreatlyimpacthowotherstreatyouintheworkplace.Beingextroverted(外向的)andfriendlyletsco­workersknowyouareopentohearingtheiropinionsaboutprojectsornewdesigns.__5__.Besuretomaintaineyecontactthemajorityofthetimeyouarespeakingwithsomeone,andusehandgesturestohelpyouformclearerthoughts.Smilingoffersencouragementandcreatesanoticeabledifferenceinhowyouaretreated.Peoplewhosmilemoreareseenasmoreapproachableandtrustworthy.Whilemanyofthesegoodmunicationskillsoccurnaturallyinindividuals,somemayneedtobelearnedandpracticedinordertobeesecondnature.A．WhilemunicationisimportantB．BypraisingothersandofferingwordsofencouragementC．Praisingco­workershelpsmunicationgosmoothlyD．ItinvolvesseeingthingsfromthepointofviewofothersE．Peoplevalueco­workerswhocanmunicateeffectivelyF.BeingabletolistentoothersisvitalinthemunicationprocessG．Bodylanguageisalargepartofbeingempatheticandencouraging[答题区]1．________2.________3.________4．________5.________课下天天练（十七）50分阅读提分练第一节A语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自然——海洋生物——四种鲨鱼【语篇解读】鲨鱼是令人惊奇的生物。它们被称为海洋中最致命的猎手。幸运的是，大多数鲨鱼都不是，但有一些鲨鱼是非常危险的。本文介绍了大白鲨、鲸鲨、灰鲭鲨和无沟双髻鲨这四种鲨鱼的有关信息。1．答案与解析：D'考查理解具体信息的能力。根据TheWhaleShark部分的第一句“WhaleSharksarethelargestkindofsharkintheworld”可知，鲸鲨是世界上最大的鲨鱼，即鲸鲨比海里的其他鲨鱼要大。故选D项。2．答案与解析：C'考查理解具体信息的能力。根据TheGreatHammerheadShark部分的第一句可知，无沟双髻鲨最显著的特征是它的宽而粗的头部，看起来像一把锤子。故可知它因其头部的形状而得名。故选C项。3．答案与解析：D'考查推断的能力。本文向我们介绍了四种鲨鱼的有关情况，结合选项可推知该篇文章应该摘自生物杂志。故选D项。B语篇类型：新闻报道主题语境：人与社会——公益活动——慈善机构【语篇解读】本文讲述了LorraineKerz为了纪念儿子，成立了一个慈善机构，帮助需要帮助的人。今年，因为新冠肺炎疫情参与者在网上注册后，必须“Let'sRoam”应用程序到自己的上才能捐赠。4．答案与解析：A考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第二段第六句“AfterBennettdiedinMay2008...whosenicknamewas‘Sy’”可知，Kerz建立Sy'sFund为的是纪念她儿子的创新精神和慷慨。故选A项。5．答案与解析：C考查推断的能力。根据第一段中的“Beforehediedfromcanceratage29...hisfamilytogivethingstotheneedy”可知，在他生命的最后几个月里，他拍摄周围的世界，给朋友发电子邮件，给姐妹们买礼物，鼓励家人给穷人物品。所以可以推测，他精力充沛，生命虽短暂却丰富多彩。故选C项。6．答案与解析：D考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第二段最后一句“Sy'sFundprovidesthemwithsmallgifts—suchas...andrefocustheirenergiesinapositivedirection.”可知，Sy基金会为他们提供一些小礼物，比如笔记本电脑、相机、吉他课或打印机，让他们振作起来，把精力重新集中在积极的方向上。故选D。7．答案与解析：A考查推断的能力。根据文章大标题、小标题，“ByPAMKRAOEN”以及文章最后一段中的最后三句话可推测本文最有可能选自报纸。故选A项。C语篇类型：新闻报道主题语境：人与自然——人与动物——为海狮封闭道路【语篇解读】新西兰但尼丁市议会宣布要封闭道路一个月，目的是让海狮和它的幼崽安全抵达海洋。当地人对此十分支持。8．答案与解析：A考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第一段内容和第二段中的“JohnWilsonOceanDriveinDunedinwillbeclosed”“accordingtoapostfromDunedinCityCouncil”可知，但尼丁市议会做的决定是封闭海洋道路一个月，目的是让海狮和它的幼崽安全抵达海洋。9．答案与解析：B考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第二段中的“accordingtoapostfromDunedinCityCouncil”可知，该决定是通过一个帖子公布的，故选B。10．答案与解析：B考查推断的能力。根据第四段可知，当地人称赞这个决定，甚至有人呼吁永久封闭这个道路，由此可推知当地人是支持这一决定的。11．答案与解析：A考查理解具体信息的能力。根据最后一段最后一句可知，杀害海狮将面临坐牢或被罚款的处罚，由此可知，海狮受到法律的保护。D语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自我——健康——垃圾食品对青少年的危害【语篇解读】我们很难拒绝汉堡包、炸薯条、薯片和所有其他似乎在召唤我们的垃圾食品。然而，吃太多垃圾食品会伤害你的身体，特别是如果你的年龄在10岁到19岁之间。本文主要介绍了垃圾食品对青少年的危害，以及如何拒绝垃圾食品。12．答案与解析：A考查理解段落主旨要义的能力。根据第二段中AmyReichelt所讲的内容可知，垃圾食品对人们有害，比如会削弱人们的思考能力等。故最佳答案应该选A项。13．答案与解析：C考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第三段第三句和第四句“Theprefrontalcortexisthepart...deve