2024年北京海淀区高三（上）10月月考英语试题及答案

2024北京海淀高三10月月考英语考生须知1.本卷共8页，包括三个部分，满分为100分。练习时间90分钟。2.考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。3.考试结束后，将答题纸交回。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题分，共分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的、B、、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Onasunnyafternoon,AnthonyPerrysteppedthetrainat69thStreetstation.The20-year-old,whoworkednightsagrocerystore,wasonhisseehis____1____.Ontheplatform,somethingunthinkablehappened:amanfellovertheedgeandontotheelectrifiedtraintracks!AsPerryandotherhorrifiedpassengerswatched,heshookuncontrollablyasthe____2____movedthroughhis“Helphim!”someonecried.“Please,someone!”Perrycouldn’tjuststandthereand____3____.Hesatattheedgeoftheplatformandeasedhimselfdown.____4____allrailsbetweenthemanandhimwereelectrified,hequicklyleapedtowardsthevictim,usingahigh-kneetechniquefromhishighschoolfootballdays.Perrysoonreacheddownandgraspedthewrist.____5____,hefeltapowerfulelectricshockshootthroughhisPerryjumpedback.Hereacheddownasecondtime,andwasshockedagain.Butthethirdtimeheseizedthewristandforearm,andmanagedmovethebodyawayfromthe____6____.“Givehimchestcompressions!”yelledanoldladyontheplatform.Perrywasnoexpert,butafewmomentsheworkedontheheartuntilthevictimregained____7____.Then,first-aidersarrived.Perrylettheprofessionals____8____.Heartstillracingfromtheelectricshocks,heclimbedbackupontotheplatform,grabbedhisthingsandcontinuedontohisgrandfather’s.Theeveningnewsreportedtheincident,____9____anunnamedherowithsavingthelife.____10____deedsdemonstratedthepowerofchoosingcompassionoverpersonal1.A.manager2.A.current3.A.imagine4.A.Hoping5.A.Instantly6.A.trainB.clientC.grandfatherC.waveD.auntB.oxygenB.watchD.bloodC.shoutD.recordB.AssumingB.SlightlyB.crowdsB.balanceB.takeoverB.engagingC.ComplainingC.NormallyC.platformC.consciousnessC.getaroundC.assistingD.RecallingD.SurprisinglyD.rails7.A.strength8.A.lookahead9.A.providingD.controlD.keepawayD.crediting10.A.generousB.gratefulC.courageousD.faithful第二节（共10小题，每小题分，共分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Iwasnotoriginallyattractednature.me,naturewasassociatedwiththeminutesplayingsoccerthe(nice)cutgrass.ButMichigan,naturepresentsitselfinmanyformssuchassleddingasfastasyoucandownthehillorswimmingoneofthefivegreatlakes.Theseexperiencesencouragedme____12____(explore)oneoftherawformsofconnectingwithnature:camping.AlthoughI____13____(spend)alotoftimeoutside,IhadnevercampedorexperiencedallofwhatnatureB阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。InMingaclevercraftsmannamedZhangSijiarevolutionizedscissors.He____14____(combine)thestrengthofironforthehandleswithauniquesword-makingtechnique.____15____heatingandhammeringtheedgeswithsteel,hecreatedbladesthatwereexceptionallystrongandsharp,____16____(make)dailytasksThesescissorsbecameakitchenessential,especiallyforcuttingthroughtoughitemslikechickenorfish.In1628,hisson,ZhangXiaoquan,establishedhisnamesakeC阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。FiveBelgianfirmsplantosenda3D____17____(print)artificialhearttotheInternationalSpaceStationby2025tobetterunderstandtheeffectsofagingandheartdiseasesspace.device,whichisonlyafewsquaremillimetresinsize,____18____(use)inkmadeupofcellsandbiomaterialsthatcandevelopintoanycelltheThesecellsorganizethemselvesintoadevelopingcardiacorganoid(心脏类器官),____19____willworkwiththeartificialcirculatorysystem.Theinnovativetechniquewouldfacilitate____20____(investigate)intoheartdiseasesandtrialsofsomepotentialmedicines.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共小题；每小题2分，共22分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的、B、、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ADearandParents,ThisJune,duringFinancialLiteracyMonth,wehavetoshare.In2015,afreeonlinefinancialeducationcoursenamedFutureSmartwasintroducedmiddleschoolstudents,specificallytargetingthisgroupatatimeintheirliveswhenfinancialhabitstakeholdandFastforwardFutureSmart,availableEnglishandSpanish,hasreachedover13,000schoolsacrossall50states.Morethanmillionstudentshavecompletedthecourse,withalmosthalfcomingfromlow-to-moderateincomefamilies.Butwestoppingthere.promisereachfourmillionmorestudentsbytheendof2025.Why?Becausethismomentcallsforbraveaction.Neverbeforehavemoneymanagementandinvestmentdecisionsbeensoeasytoconductatanytimeorplacethroughtheuseofasmartphone.Itistimetostudentsmorecriticalfinancialliteracyeducationencouragethemmakegoodfinancialdecisionsonadailybasistheymaketheirthroughacomplexworld.Fromweighingopportunitycoststodelayinginstantsatisfactionforlong-termfinancialgain,FutureSmarteducatesouryouthusinghands-onsimulations(模拟)tointroduceconceptslikedailyfinancialdecisionsandtherewardsoflong-termplanning.younglearnershowbuildsolidfinancialfoundationsisanimportantstepinbuildingfinanciallyhealthycommunities.Althoughourworkisfarfromcomplete,knowthatFutureSmartworks.Anditworksexceptionallywell.Inthestudyofitskind,supportedbytheMassMutualFoundationandEVERFI,theUniversityofMassachusettsDonahueInstitute(UMDI)recentlyconcludedthat90%ofstudentssawastatisticallysignificantandeducationallymeaningfulincreaseinknowledgeaftertakingtheFutureSmartcourse.more,theseresultswereconsistentacrossallstudentdemographicsincludingrace,age,schoolandsocioeconomicstatus.havealongwaygotoreacheverysinglemiddleschoolstudent,butwewelcomethechallenge.ourteamshavestartedamovementtoprovideequalaccesstofinancialeducation,andweinviteotherstojointolearnmoreandseehowyoucanbringFutureSmarttotheyoungpeopleyourlife.MICHAELHeadofMassMutualUS21.ThecourseFutureSmartPresidentandCo-FounderofEVERFI.A.istwolanguagesB.requiresskillfulsmartphoneoperationC.hasbeenboughtbyanumberofschoolsD.studentsfromlow-to-moderateincomefamilies22.HowdoesFutureSmartintroducefinancialconcepts?A.Byestablishingfinanciallyhealthycommunities.B.managingopportunitiesandrewards.C.simulatingreal-lifesituations.D.Bydelayingfinancialgain.23.Aftertakingthecourse,thestudentsshouldbeableA.improvetheiracademicperformance.B.acceptfinancialchallengesatanytimeC.understandpeoplefromvariousbackgroundsD.buildastablefinancialfoundationforthefutureBAfewdaysago,myhusband,Russ,andIlostourhouseofyearsaCaliforniawildfire.Onthatnight,wehadleaveourhouseandsleepinthebackseatofourFord.Thenextmorning,wehaddrivethreeandahalfhourstofindahotelthathadanavailableroom.Onlythelocaldidweseephotographsofthedestruction.Ourhousehadbeenconsumedbythefirealongwithmostofourneighborhood.Howarewegoingrebuildafterthis?Ithought,roundingacornerinthesidewalkonmywalkbackthehotel.Isitevenpossible?Inoticedsomethingupahead—apairofnickels,shininglikepreciousjewels.Theywerejustnickels,buttheysomehowfeltspecial.Ibentdownandpickedthemup.thesewereluckycoins,IcouldusealltheluckIcouldget.AfewdaysImadeatripthestorebuyessentials.Theenormoustaskofreplacingeverythingwe’dlostputaheavyweightonIwasabouttoleavewhenIfeltthetostopandturnheadtheright.Icouldhardlybelieveit—thereonashelf,wasanickel!maybethisismorethanluck,Ithoughtandputthenickelinpocket.ItoldmyselfthatIhadfoundthenickelsjustbychance.ThenIfoundonenextplatearestaurant—onThanksgiving,noless,whenIwasmissingourhousethanseemedthatanickelappearedwhenevermyspiritsplummeted.WheneverIreachedmybreakingpoint,findanothernickel.Inthegrassatthepark,ornearthetireofcaraparkinglot.Once,changeforaquicklunchwasgivenentirelyinnickels.“I’mthecashiersaid.allwehave.”allIneeded!OneIwassittingthedeskwhenmyphonerang.wasareal-estateagentI’dbeenworkingwith.“Ihaveanewlisting,”shesaid.“Whencanseeit?”AhoursRussandIwerefollowingtheagentdownthedrivewaytowardthehouse.Ithinklong.Becausethere,inthe…24.Afterthewildfire,thecouple________.A.livedintheircarforonenightB.tooksomephotosofthedestructionC.couldhardlytheirThanksgivingdinnerD.savedpreciousitemsfromtheburneddownhouse25.Whatdidfoundnickelsmeantotheauthor?A.Luckforforeseeablefuture.B.Hopeduringchallengingtimes.D.Remindersofwhathadhappened.C.Signsofahugefortunecome.26.Whichwouldbethebestendingforthepassage?A.Ispottedaflashofsilverinthesun,nickels,bothheadsup.B.Ifoundoldnickel,whichseemedtellastoryfromthepast.C.Isawamysteriouslockedbox,andthoughtperhapswasfullofnickels.D.Ilookedupandimaginedsomethingonacloud,agiantnickel,justforme.CThestreetsandroofsofcitiesallabsorbheat,makingsomeurbanareashotterthanruralones.These“urbanheatislands”canalsodevelopundergroundascityheatspreadsdownward,andsubwaytracksandothersubsurfaceinfrastructure(基础设施)alsoconstantlyradiatewarmthintothesurroundingearth.AnewstudyofdowntownChicagoshowsundergroundhotspotsmaythreatentheverysamestructuresthatgivetheheatinthefirstplace.anyonerealizingit,thecityofdowntownwasdeforming,”saysstudyauthorRottaLoria,environmentalHumanstheonlypotentially“Foralotofthingsinthesubsurface,kindof‘outofsight,outofmind’,”Grantageologist.Buttheundergroundworldisfullofcreaturesthathaveadaptedtosubsurfaceexistencesuchasinsectsandsnails.Asthetemperaturebecauseofclimatechangeandurbandevelopment,scientistsarekeepingeyesonthepotentialimplicationsforundergroundecosystems.Butthequestionofhowundergroundhotspotscouldinfrastructurehasgoneunstudied.Becausematerialsexpandandcontractwithtemperaturechange,Rottasuspectedthatheatcomingfromundergroundcouldbecontributingwearandtearonvariousstructures.understandhowundergroundtemperaturedifferencehasthephysicalproperties,heusedacomputermodeltosimulate(模拟)theundergroundenvironmentfromthe1950stonow—andthento2050.Hefoundthatbythemiddleofthissomeareasmayliftupwardbyasmuchas0.50inchorsettlebyasmuchas0.32inch,dependingonthesoilmakeupoftheareainvolved.Thoughthesemaysoundlikesmalldisplacements,Rottasaystheycouldcausecracksthefoundationsofsomebuildings,causingbuildingstofall.Kathrinageoscientistinsaysthesedisplacementpredictionsarefarbeyondherguessesandcouldbelinkedtothesoft,clay-heavysoils.“Claymaterialisparticularlysensitive,”says,“Itwouldbeabigissueinallcitiesworldwidethatarebuiltonsuchmaterial.”Likeclimatechangeabovethesurface,undergroundchangesoccur“Theseeffectstookdecadestodevelop,”says,addingthatincreasedundergroundtemperatureswouldlikewisetakealongtimetodissipateontheirown.couldbasicallyturneverythingandgoingremainthere,thetemperaturesignal,forquiteawhile.”Butsaysthiswastedheatcouldalsobereused,presentingopportunitybothcoolthesubsurfaceandsaveoncosts.Still,thisassumptioncouldfailasabovegroundclimatechangecontinuestoboostwarming.Howeverthisheatwillgatherbeneathourfeet.likeclimatechange,”RottaLoriasays.“Maybeweseealways,buthappening.”27.TheauthorquotesRottaLoriainParagraph2mainlyto_______.A.makeapredictionB.highlightafindingD.raiseanassumptionC.drawaconclusion28.Whatcanlearnfromthispassage?A.“Urbanheatislands”extendundergroundtospareecosystems.B.Surfaceclimatechangecontributestothereuseofundergroundheat.C.Undergroundtemperaturesmirrorthephysicalcharacteristics.D.Buildingsmaycollapseasapotentialconsequenceofundergroundheat.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dissipate”Paragraph6probablymean?A.B.C.Develop.D.30.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellus?A.UndergroundclimatechangeisasilentB.Humansfailnoticethedramaticclimatechange.C.Coolingthesubsurfacehelpscontrolurbanheatrises.D.Researchingundergroundheathelpssaveoncosts.DClimateexpertsarehavingadebate:theyareaskingwhethertheUKshouldfocusmoreonadaptingtoclimatechangeortryingtopreventit.DavidFrostholdsthatpreventingclimatechangeisnolongeroption,giventheextenttowhichtheEarthnowappearscertainheatup.Despitethemanypolicieswhichattemptstopclimatechange,itnowseemsunavoidablethattheworldwillpassthe1.5℃or2℃increasesaverageglobaltemperaturethatarelikelyinducechangesintheclimate.DavidFrostisrightinthatoureconomiesaregrowingmuchslowerthanwehadanticipated.emissionscandropifwereduceemissionsperunitofGDPwecreate—buttheycanalsodropiftheGDPisLowergrowthmeansismorefeasible(可行的)forustoachievesuchasZero,butitmakesitlessenvironmentallyachievethosesosoon,becauseweareandhavebeenemittingalotlesscarbonthanwehadanticipated.TheUKauthorityfindsthedebateaboutadaptationdifficult.itisbecausesomeactivistsclaimthatadaptationisnotfeasible.Theysaythatclimatechangewillendhumancivilization,potentiallyleadingtheentireextinctionofthehumanrace.themainstreamviewofmanyscientistsandeconomists,workonclimatechange,thatglobalwarmingcouldleadchangesinourenvironment.Significantpartsoftheworldcurrentlyheavilypopulatedcouldbecomeeffectivelyuninhabitablewhileotherpartscurrentlyunsuitableforhigh-densityhumanhabitationwouldbecomemorehabitable.Meanwhile,highertemperaturesbothclimateandweatherarelikelybecomemorevolatile—includingincreasedfrequencyofstorms,floodingandotherweatherevents.Thesewouldbesignificantchanges,butitwouldbeperfectlyfeasibleforhumanstoadapttothem.Theissueisnotwhetheradaptingwouldbetechnicallyfeasible,butwhetheritwouldbedesirableeitherethicalorpracticalterms.Arewewillingacceptamateriallywarmerworld,withhumanslivingindifferentpartsofit?Arewewillingtoacceptthepossibleextinctionsofcertainspeciesandthegreaterflourishingofthosecurrentlylesssuccessfulandofnewspeciesyettoevolve?Arewewillingaccepttheconsequencesofashiftthepatternsofhumanhabitationacrosstheworld?Itisbynomeansclearonwhatbasisweoughttoethnicallyprivilegetheplantsandanimalsthatflourishunderclimateoverthosethatwouldflourishunderamorevolatileclimate.adaptationbefeasibleandanecessitygiventheextentwhichwarmingisnowunavoidable.SlowerGDPgrowthandthusslowerclimatechangeoughttomakegreateratadaptationmoreattractive.31.Accordingtothepassage,whohesitate(s)toadapttheclimatechange?A.Thegovernment.C.DavidFrost.B.Climateexperts.D.Theactivists.32.Theunderlinedword“volatile”Paragraph5probablymeans________.A.changeableB.predictableC.bearableD.noticeable33.ThequestionsinParagraph6aremainlyaimedat__________.A.expressingdoubtsaboutadaptabilityB.presentingexamplesoffutureclimatepatternsC.highlightingtheconsequencesofhumanactivitiesD.helpingpeopledecideontheiropennesstoadaptation34.Whichofthefollowingmighttheauthoragreewith?A.SlowingclimatechangedeservesgreatB.Globalwarmingispreventabletosomeextent.C.Adaptationtoclimatechangeisbeyondquestion.D.Protectionofthecurrentspeciesshouldbeprioritized.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Adultsareoftenembarrassedaboutaskingforaid.actthatcanmakepeoplefeelemotionallyunsafe.____35____Seekingassistancecanfeellikeyouarebroadcastingyourincompetence.Newresearchsuggestsyoungchildrenseekhelpschool,evenwhentheyneedit,thesamereason.Untilpsychologistsassumedthatchildrendidnotstartcareabouttheirreputationandtheirfriends’thoughtsaboutthemuntilaroundagenine.Butourresearchsuggeststhatasearlyasageseven,childrenbegintoconnectaskingforhelpwithlookingincompetentfrontofothers.Atsomepoint,everychildstrugglesintheclassroom.____36____learnmoreabouthowchildrenthinkaboutreputation,wecreatedsimplestoriesandthenaskedchildrenquestionsaboutthesesituationstoallowkidstoshowcasetheirthinking.Acrossseveralstudies,weasked576children,agesfourtonine,topredictthebehavioroftwokidsaOneofthecharactersgenuinelywantedbesmart,andtheothermerelywantedseemsmarttoothers.Inonewetoldchildrenthatbothkidsdidpoorlyonatest.____37____Thewereequallylikelychooseeitherofthetwokidsastheonewhowouldseekhelp.Butbyagesevenoreight,childrenthoughtthatthekidwhowantedtoseemsmartwouldbelesslikelyaskforassistance.expectationsweretruly“reputational”innature-theywerespecificallythinkingabouthowthecharacterswouldactfrontofothers.Whenassistancecouldbesoughtprivately(onacomputerratherthanperson),childrenthoughtbothcharacterswereequallylikelyaskforit.____38____couldgivechildrenmoreopportunitiestoseekassistanceTheyshouldalsohelpstudentsrealizeaskingquestionsinfrontofothersasnormal,positive____39____ParentscouldpointouthowaquestionkickedavaluableconversationwhichtheentirefamilygottalkandlearnAdultscouldpraisekidsforseekingassistance.Theseresponsessendastrongsignalthatotherpeoplevalueawillingnessaskforaidandthatseekinghelpispartofapathtosuccess.A.Kidscouldbeafraidtoasktheirparentsforhelp.B.Seekinghelpcouldevenbetaughtassociallydesirable.C.InanotherstudywetoldthemthatonlyonekiddidD.Suchreputationalbarrierslikelyrequirereputation-basedsolutions.E.Themomentyouaskfordirections,afterall,yourevealthatyoulost.Butiftheyareafraidtoaskforhelpbecausetheirclassmatesarewatching,learningwillG.thenaskedwhichofthesecharacterswouldbemorelikelytoraisetheirhandinfrontoftheirclasstoasktheteacherforhelp.第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。TheotherdayIwashavingandcatchingupwithBrian,afriendIseeninoverawhenheaskedmethisquestion:“DoyouregretleavingGoogle?”“Ofcourse,Iregretit,”Ianswered.ButIreflectedmoredeeplyonhisquestion,Iarrivedthisrealization:cannotregretsomethingthathastaughtusvaluablelessonsinlife.is,noteverydecisionwemakewillbetherightchoiceforus.Ilearnedlaterthatquittingmyoneandonlysourceofincometostarte-commercebusinessfromnothingwasarecipeforfinancialNo,thatdecisionwasnottherightoneatthetime.PerhapsIshould’vefollowedtheadviceIgivetoday:Buildyourbusinesswhileworkingafull-timejobsothatyoucanworkfromaplaceofButthenagain,IhavelearnedsuchavaluablelessonhadInotacteduponwastrulyimportanttomeatthetime—thefreedomofpursuingmydream,onmyownterms.regretthepastandbechanged.comparethechoiceswemadeyesterdaytoanidealpaththatwethinkweshouldhavetaken—wesimplyimagineittobeabetterpath.Whatisworseisstuckregret,weloseourcontrolovermattersmost:Whatwedowithourtime,amuchbetterlookatregret—amoremindfulway—andcanbeseenaplacewhereaction,reflection,andgratitudemeet.Sowheneveryoufindyourselfcaughtregret,stopandaskyourselfthesetwoquestions:“WhathaveIlearnedfromthis?howhaveIgrownbecauseofit?”Perhapsyoumightjustshiftyourviewpointfromthatofbeingupsetandregretfultobeingappreciativegrateful.40.Whatdidquestionmakethewriterrealize?___________________________________________________________41.Listthewordstheauthorusestodescribetheviewpointpeopleshouldtakewhenfacingregret.___________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainWhenpeoplegetstuckinregret,whatmakesthesituationworseisthatpastchoicesbechanged.___________________________________________________________43.Whathasbeenyourbiggestregretduringyourhighschoollife?Whathaveyoulearnedfromthis?(Inabout40words)___________________________________________________________第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）44.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到中国运动员闪耀巴黎奥运会，并请你介绍此届奥运会上你最喜欢的一名运动员。请你给Jim回信，内容包括：1.简要介绍该运动员；2.该运动员对你的影响。1)1002)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数DearJim,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________LiHua参考答案第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）【答案】1.C2.A3.B4.B5.A6.D7.C8.B9.D10.C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了AnthonyPerry在火车站不顾个人的安危，勇敢地拯救了跌落在铁轨上的受害者的英勇故事。【1题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：20岁的佩里在一家杂货店上夜班，当时佩里正准备去看他的祖父。A.manager经理；B.client客户；C.grandfather祖父；D.aunt姑妈，伯母。根据后文“Heartstillracingfromtheelectricshocks,heclimbedbackupontotheplatform,grabbedhisthingsandcontinuedontohisgrandfather’s.(电击后心脏还在加速跳动，他爬上平台，抓起东西，继续向祖父的房间走去。)”可知，佩里正准备去看他的祖父。故选C。【2题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当佩里和其他惊恐的乘客看到时，电流流过他的身体，他无法控制地颤抖着。A.current气流；电流；B.oxygen氧气；C.wave海浪；大海；D.blood血。根据上句“Ontheplatform,somethingunthinkablehappened:amanovertheedgeandontoelectrifiedtracks!(在站台上，不可思议的事情发生了:一个人从站台边缘掉到电轨上了!)”可知，掉到电轨上，电流会流过他的身体。故选A。【3题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：佩里不只是站在那里看着。A.imagine想象；B.watch看；C.shout呼喊；D.record记录。根据后句“Hesattheedgeoftheplatformandeasedhimselfdown.(他坐在月台边上，慢慢地坐下来)”可知，他准备营救这个人，并不是站在那里看着。故选B。【4题详解】考动查词词义辨析。句意：他以为他和那人之间的铁轨都通电了，于是迅速向受害者扑去。A.HopingB.Assuming假设，认为；C.Complaining抱怨；D.Recalling回忆。根据本句“hequicklyleapedtowardsthevictim(他迅速向受害者扑去)”可知，他认为自己和受害者之间的铁轨都通电了，所以他迅速向受害者扑去。故选B。【5题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他立刻感到一阵强烈的电击穿过他的身体。A.Instantly立刻地；B.Slightly轻微地；C.Normally通常，平常；D.Surprisingly惊人地，出乎意料地。根据上句“____4____allrailsbetweenthemanandhimwereelectrified,hequicklyleapedtowardsthevictim(他以为他和那人之间的铁轨都通电了，于是迅速向受害者扑去)”可知，他立刻感到一阵强烈的电流穿过他的身体。故选A。【6题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但第三次，他抓住了那个人的手腕和前臂，并设法将他的身体从铁轨上移开。A.train火车；B.crowds人群；C.platform平台；D.rails铁路。根据上文“Ontheplatform,somethingunthinkablehappened:amanfellovertheedgeandontotheelectrifiedtraintracks!(在站台上，不可思议的事情发生了：一个人从站台边缘掉到电轨上了!)”可知，受害者掉到了铁轨上，他将受害者的身体从铁轨上移开。故选D。【7题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他在那个人的心脏上按压了一会儿，直到受害者恢复了意识。A.strength体力；B.balance平衡；C.consciousness意识；D.control控制，掌管。根据本句“heworkedontheheart(他对受害者进行胸部按压)”可知，受害者失去了意识，所以进行胸部按压。故选C。【8题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：佩里让专业人士接手。A.lookahead向前看；B.takeover接管；C.getaround规避，逃避；D.keepaway远离，避开。根据上句“Then,first-aidersarrived(随后，急救人员赶到了)”可知，急救人员赶到后，佩里他们接手。故选B。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：晚间新闻报道了这一事件，并称赞一位无名英雄挽救了受害者的生命。A.providing提供；B.engaging参加；C.assisting帮助；D.crediting赞扬。根据本句“anunnamedherowithsavingthelife(一位无名英雄挽救了受害者的生命)”可知，英勇救人的事迹是值得赞扬的，故选D。【10题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说，佩里的勇敢事迹表明了选择同情而非个人安全的力量。A.generous慷慨的；B.grateful感谢的，感激的；C.courageous勇敢的；D.faithful忠实的，忠诚的。根据上文“Butthethirdtimeheseizedthewristandforearm,andmanagedmovethebodyawayfromthe____6____但第三次，他抓住了那个人的手腕和前臂，并设法将他的身体从铁轨上移开。)”可知，佩里在火车站不顾个人的安危，勇敢地拯救了跌落在铁轨上的受害者。故选C。第二节（共10小题，每小题分，共分）【答案】nicely12.toexplore13.hadspent【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是密歇根的大自然鼓励作者探索大自然的故事。【题详解】考查副词。句意：对我来说，大自然就是在修剪整齐的草地上踢几分钟足球。空格处用副词nicely修饰动词cutnicely意为“漂亮地”，故填nicely。【12题详解】考查不定式。句意：这些经历鼓励我去探索与自然联系的一种原始形式：露营。encouragesb.todo是固定短语，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，因此空格处用不定式toexplore，故填toexplore。【13题详解】考查时态。句意：虽然我花了很多时间在户外，但我从来没有露营过，也没有体验过大自然所提供的一切。由Ihadnevercampedorexperienced可知，空格处表示过去的过去发生的事情，所以空格处时态是过去完成时，因此空格处是hadspent。故填hadspent。【答案】14.combined15.By##Through16.making【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了明朝时期张思佳改良了剪刀。【14题详解】考查动词的时态。句意：他将铁制剑柄的优点与独特的制剑技术结合在一起。根据前句中的“InMingDynasty”和上下文时态可知，这里讲述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填combined。【15题详解】考查介词。句意：通过加热和用钢锤击边缘，他创造出了非常坚固和锋利的刀片，这使日常任务变得更容易。根据空后的“heatingandhammeringedgeswithsteel”可知，这里表示方式，应用介词by或者through。置于句首，首字母大写。故填By/Through。【16题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意参考上题。分析句子结构，空处应用非谓语动词。根据句意，他创造出了非常坚固和锋利的刀片，这让人们更容易作日程工作，这里表示自然而然的结果，应用现在分词。故填making。【答案】17.printed18.uses19.which20.investigations【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了五家比利时公司计划将一颗打印的人造心脏送入太空。【17题详解】考查名词。句意：五家比利时公司计划在2025年前向国际空间站发射一颗3D打印的人造心脏，以更好地了解太空中衰老和心脏病的影响。print和空后的artificialheart之间是动宾关系，所以应用过去分词，作定语。故填printed。【18题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该设备只有几平方毫米大小，使用的墨水由干细胞和生物材料组成，可以发育成体内的任何细胞。根据上下文时态和句意可知，这里陈述的是现实情况，应用一般现在时。且主语Thedevice为单数，所以谓语应用单数。故填uses。【19题详解】考查定语从句。句意：这些细胞将自己组织成一个发育中的心脏类器官，它将与人工循环系统协同工作。分析句子结构，空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，指代先行词adevelopingcardiacorganoid，指物，且在从句中作主语，所以应用which引导。故填which。【20题详解】考查名词。句意：这项创新技术将有助于对心脏病的调查和一些潜在药物的试验。空处应用名词，和and后的trials一起作宾语。investigation意为“调查”，在这里为可数名词，且空前没有表示数量的限定词修饰，这里应用名词复数。故填investigations。第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共小题；每小题2分，共22分）【答案】21.A22.C23.D【导语】本文是一篇应用文。一门名为FutureSmart的免费在线金融教育课程被介绍给了中学生，该课程专门针对这一群体，旨在教年轻人如何建立坚实的财务基础。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段首句“FastforwardtoFutureSmart,availableinEnglishandSpanish,hasreachedover13,000schoolsacrossall50states.(快进到今天，FutureSmart有英语和西班牙语版本，已经覆盖了美国5013000多所学校。)”可知，FutureSmart课程以两种不同的语言提供。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段首句“Fromweighingopportunitycoststodelayinginstantsatisfactionlong-termfinancialgain,FutureSmarteducatesouryouthusinghands-onsimulations(模拟)introduceconceptslikedailyfinancialdecisionsandtherewardsoflong-termplanning.(从权衡机会成本到为了长期财务收益而推迟即时满足，FutureSmart通过实际模拟教育我们的年轻人，介绍日常财务决策和长期规划奖励等概念。)”可知，FutureSmart通过模拟现实情况引入金融概念。故选C。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段末句“younglearnershowbuildsolidfinancialfoundationsisanimportantstepinbuildingfinanciallyhealthycommunities.(教年轻人如何建立坚实的财务基础是建立财务健康社区的重要一步。)”以及第七段“Althoughourworkisfarfromcomplete,weknowthatFutureSmartworks.worksexceptionallywell.(虽然我们的工作还远未完成，但我们知道FutureSmart是可行的。而且效果非常好。)”可知，FutureSmart课程是为了教年轻人如何建立坚实的财务基础，且效果非常好。所以，学习完课程后，学生应该能够为未来建立一个稳定的财务基础。故选D。答案】24.A25.B26.A【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者住了年的房子被大火摧毁，住在外面的酒店。偶然捡到2枚镍币，后来作者发现每当作者情绪低落的时候就会出现镍币的故事。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Onthatnight,wehadleaveourhouseandsleepinthebackseatofourFord.(那天晚上，我们不得不离开家，睡在我们的福特汽车后座上。)”可知野火过后，这对夫妇在他们的车里住了一夜，故选A。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Inoticedsomethingupahead-apairofnickels,shininglikepreciousjewels.Theywerejustnickels,buttheysomehowfeltspecial.Ibentdownandpickedthemup.thesewereluckycoins,IcouldusealltheluckIcouldget.(我注意到前面有什么东西——一对五分镍币，像珍贵的珠宝一样闪闪发光。它们只是五分硬币，但不知何故，它们让人感觉很特别。我弯下腰把它们捡起来。如果这些是幸运硬币，我可以用我能得到的所有运气。)”以及第六段“Itseemedthatanickelappearedwhenevermyspiritsplummeted.(似乎每当我情绪低落时，就会出现一枚镍币。)”可推知发现镍币对作者来说意味着困难时期的希望。故选B。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段“Itseemedthatanickelappearedwhenevermyspiritsplummeted.(似乎每当我情绪低落时，就会出现一枚镍币。)”可知作者总是在心情低落时捡到你镍币，所以同样在车道上，阳光下又看到了硬币，并且也呼应第四段“Inoticedsomethingupahead-apairofnickels,shininglikepreciousjewels.(我注意到前面有什么东西——一对五分镍币，像珍贵的珠宝一样闪闪发光。)”所以A选项是文章最好的结尾，故选A。【答案】27.B28.DD30.A【导语】本文为一篇说明文