2024-2025学年沪教牛津版英语八年级下册语法知识点总结

八下语法知识点总结

语法一：todo不定式

•MymotherandIwillcontinuetovisitVivien.

•Iwantedtohelpdisabledchildren.

•WeneedtohelpchildrenlikeTimandraisetheirspirits.

总结1：______________________________

练习：

We⑴(decide/meet)Vivientoday.We⑵

(want/help)herinsomeway.Whenwearrived,Vivienwasvery

happy.She⑶(begin/talk)tomeaboutherschool.Shesaid,"I⑷

(like/go)toschool,butIdon'thaveanyfriends.Ifeellonely."

Mumgavehersomeadvice.ThenMumaskedmetogiveVivienherpresent,butI⑸

(forget/bring)it!Viviensaid,"It'sOK.I⑹(hope/see)

youagainsoon."

•Doyouknowhowtohelpdisabledpeople?

•Iknowwheretogo.

•Shecanrememberwhattosay.

总结2：______________________________

练习：

1.Hedoesn'tknow________________(wear).

他不知道要穿什么^

2.1didn'tknow_________________(go).

我不知道去哪JlL一

3.1wanttoknow(do).

我想知道如何做的。

4.Shedoesn'tknow_______________(get)totheMuseum.

她不知道如何到达博物馆。」

5.1alwayscan'tremember_________________(say).

我总是不记得要说什么。一

•AnnietaughtTimtosingbeautifulsongs.

•Wewantthemtobehappy.

•Wetaughtthemtotellstories.

总结3：______________________________

练习：

1.Jack(want,bring)himsomecomicbooks.

杰克想让我给他带些漫画书。一

2.Cathy(advise,take)ataxi.

卡西建议他们打车。

3.Mygrandpa(ask,pass)himthesalt.

爷爷让我把盐递给他。

4.Mydad(tell,cook)fordinneryesterdaynight.

我爸昨晚告诉我要做饭。.

5.Mymum(remind,be)latefordinner.

妈妈提醒我晚饭不要迟到。

今1.Theteachertellsusnottobelate.

玲2.Mymumaskedmenottoopenthebox.

玲3.LilyadvisesLucynottostayuplateatnight.

动词不定式做宾语补足语的时候，其否定结构为.

•-WhydidCindyuseabrush?

•-Cindyusedabrushtopaintapictureofapark.

•-Whydidtheygotothehospital?

•"Theywenttothehospitaltohelpthesickchildren.

总结4：____________________________________

语法二：动名词的用法

一、动名词做主语：

Doingsportsisgoodforus.

Writingishelpfulformypassage.

Smilingandnoddingaregoodposturesforgreeting.

总结1:动名词做主语时，单个动名词，动词用。两个或以上动名

词，动词用O

二、动名词做宾语：

总结2：三个结构：动词+v-ing;介词+v-ing;动词+介词+v-ing;

Heenjoystravelingaroundtheworld.

Istayathomeinsteadofgoingout.

Ilookforwardtoreceivinghisletter.

常用直接加ing的动词"

enjoy,keep,finish,practise,mind,miss,avoid,suggest,imagine,consider,deny,

admit...

常见的“动词+介词+动名词”的短语有：

preferdoingAtodoingB比起做B来说更喜欢做A

beusedtodoingsth.习惯做某事

lookforwardtodoing渴望做某事

feellikedoing想做某事

giveupdoing放弃做某事

keepondoing继续做某事

bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事

beworthdoingsth.值得做某事

拓展与复习：下列单词既可以接动词不定式也可以接动名词作宾语，但意思相差

较大。

goontodo/doing;stoptodo/doing;forgettodo/doing;remembertodo/doing;trytodo/doing

语法三&四：被动语态的用法

1.Thecarhitonme.fIamhitonbyacar.

2.Itakehimtothepark.-Heistakentotheparkbyme.

3.Ieattheapples.6Theapplesareeatenbyme.

总结被动语态句子结构：____________________________________

如何将主动句变为被动句？

Ieattheapples.fTheapplesareeatenbyme.

1.____________________

2.___________________

不同时态下的被动语态句子结构：

Theappleiseatenbyme.Theapplesareeatenbyme.Iamhitbyacar.

一般现在时的被动语态句子结构：__________________________________

Theappleisbeingeatenbyme.Theapplesarebeingeatenbyme.

现在进行时的被动语态句子结构：__________________________________

Theappleswillbeeatenbyme.

一般将来时的被动语态句子结构：__________________________________

Theapplewaseatenbyme.Theappleswereeatenbyme.

一般过去时的被动语态句子结构：__________________________________

Theapplehasbeeneatenbyme.Theappleshavebeeneatenbyme.

现在完成时的被动语态句子结构：__________________________________

Theapplecanbeeatenbyme.Theapplesshouldbeeatenbyme.

情态动词的被动语态句子结构：____________________________________

语法五：it做形式主语句型&enough的用法

1.ItisnoteasyformetospeakEnglish.

2.Itwaseasyforhimtorepairthecar.

总结1：_____________________________________________

1.Itiskindofyoutohelpme.

2.ItisgenerousofMiketogiveeachofustwopresents.

总结2:：_____________________________________________

1.Danieliskindenoughtohelptheoldsatalltimes.

2.Andyistallenoughtopicktheapple.

总结3：_____________________________________________

练习：

1.Itiswronghimtolaughatthelittlegirl.

A.ofB.forC.toD.with

2.Itisusefulustolearnsomecomputerskills.

A.ofB.forC.toD.with

3.Thechildistall__gettheapplesonthetable.

A.notso,thatB.too,to

C.enough,toD.not,enoughto

4.Ifsnotgoodforyousomanycomputergames.Itisawasteoftime.

A.toplayB.playC.playingD.toplaying

5.1findthiscomputergameplay.

A.enougheasytoB.easyenoughto

C.enougheasilyforD.easilyenoughfor

6.It'scleveryousomanytoyships.

A.of;makingB.of;tomakeC.for;tomakeD.for;making

7.Heisn'ttogotoschool.

A.oldenoughB.enougholdC.bigenoughD.enoughbig

8.It'sveryniceyoutogetmetwoticketstheWorldCup.

A.for;ofB.of;forC.to;forD.for;to

9.Hewasn'twithhisknife.

A.carefulenoughB.enoughcareful

C.carefullyenoughD.enoughcarefully

10.Itisnotyoutolearnthreelanguagesatthesametime.

A.difficultforB.difficulttoC.easyforD.easyof

语法六：it做形式主语句型&enough的用法

一、副词的定义

>Hesingswell.

>Thefoodisreallygood.

>Hedidverywellintheexam.

>Luckily,hewontherace.

总结1：副词是指在句子中表示行为或状态特征的词，用以修饰动词、形容词、

副词或修饰整个句子，充当_____成分。修饰动词时，通常放在动词；修饰

形容词或副词，放在形容词或副词；修饰整个句子时，通常放在____________

二、构成：（一般规律）

形容词类型构成和陶副司的方法

quick—quickly

一般情况

♦low—slowly

happy—happily

以y结尾的形容词

busy—busily

绝大彩数以e结乂polite—politely

的形容词wide——widely

少数以e结尾的形true—truly

客词terrible—terribly

earlyadj.—earlyadv.

特殊情况

highadj.—highadv.

三、在英语中，有些词既可以作形容词，又可以作副词。

如early,much,fast,late,hard,high,little,wide,loud等。

如：1.Thankyouverymuch.(adv.)。

2.Thereismuchwaterintheriver,(adj.)。

3.Sorry,Iamlateforschoolagain.(adj.)。

4.Don'tcomeherelate.(adv.)

常见的副词和形容词形式相同的单词

单词词性及释义示例

（努力的Heisahordworker.

adj.＜困难的Itisahardjob.

hard，坚硬的Thepinenutisveryhard.

。而用力地；努力地Don'thitsohard'.

财：快的；迅速的Thisisafosttrain.

fast

adv.快地；迅速地Don'twalksofast.

。有高的Thatisahighbuilding.

high

adv.在高处Mydadwalksonthecrane,highinthesky.

0%低的TheSunwaslowinthesky.

low

adv.低,向下Theplaneisflyinglowoverthetown.

adj.长的Shehaslongdarkhair.

long

adv.长久地Stayaslongasyoulike.

adj.晚的।迟的Sheisfateforschooleveryday.

late

adv.迟；晚Can1stayup/atetonight?

时早的Let'smakeanearlystarttomorrow.

early

adv.早»较早1wokeupear//thismorning.

。学远1sawheronthe/orsideoftheroad.

far

adv.较远的Helookeddownatthetrafficfarbelow.

adj.身体健康的1amverywdltoday.

well

adv.好।对Thekidsallbehavedwell.

语法七：原因状语从句的用法

一、连接词：as/since/because/becauseof

二、原因状语从句用法

1.Becausenooneelsesawthesealiens,Irefusetobelieveyou.

2.AsIlikecycling,IamgoingtoNorthCountryPark.

总结1：________________________________________

1.Sincenooneelsesawthesealiens,ourfatherrefusedtobelieveus.

2.1takeanothercupofteabecauseIdon'tlikethatone.

总结2：________________________________________

1.Theywenttotheforestbecauseoftheircuriosity.

2.Tinawokeupatmidnightbecauseofaloudnoise.

3.Shedecidedtoexploretheforestbecauseofit.

总结3：________________________________________

练习：

1.Hemadealotofmistakesintheexamhiscarelessness.

A.becauseB.asC.becauseof

2.—About379peoplediedtheearthquakeinLudian,YunnanProvince.

—Whatbadnews!

A.sinceB.becauseofC.because

3.Hedidn'tgotoworktheheavyrain.

A.becauseB.becauseofC.soD.since

4.1didn'tgotothepartynottheweatherbutIdidn'tfeelwell.

A.becauseof;becauseB.because;becauseof

C.because;becauseD.becauseof;becauseof

语法八：过去进行时的用法

一、复习现在进行时句子结构：

Heisdoingexercisesnow.

Heisnotdoingexercisesnow.

Ishedoingexercisesnow?-Yes,heis./No,heisn't/isnot.

Whereishedoingexercisesnow?

现在进行时肯定句：_____________________________________

现在进行时肯定句：_____________________________________

现在进行时一般疑问句&回答：_____________________________________

现在进行时特殊疑问句：_____________________________________

二、总结过去进行时句子结构：

Hewasdoingexercisesyesterday.

Hewasnotdoingexercisesyesterday.

Washedoingexercisesyesterday?-Yes,hewas./No,hewasn't/wasnot.

Wherewashedoingexercisesyesterday?

过去进行时肯定句：_____________________________________

过去进行时肯定句：_____________________________________

过去进行时一般疑问句&回答：_____________________________________

过去进行时特殊疑问句：_____________________________________

三、过去进行时的用法：

1、过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作，常与atthattime/moment,then,

at9:00p.m.yesterday等时间状语连用。

2、过去进行时表示过去某一段时间内持续的动作，常与allday,thosedays,the

wholemoming,from7:00to9:00,yesterdayevening等时间状语连用。

练习：

一、选择合适选项：

()1.Wetheclassroomathalfpastsevenyesterdaymorning.

A.cleanB.cleanedC.havecleanedD.werecleaning

()2.WhenIsawhim,henewspaperinhisroom.

A.readsB.readC.wasreadingD.hasread

()3.WhileIwassinging,Sally.

A.wasdancingB.dances

C.dancedD.weredancing

()4.1waswashingmyclotheswhenthetele