河南省郑州市中牟县2024-2025学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题【含答案解析】

中牟县2024—2025学年上学期期中考试高中二年级英语试题亲爱的同学们，漫长而惬意暑假过去三个月了。通过这一段的晨读夜练，你的英语水平一定有了长足的进步和迅猛的提高了吧！相信在惬意的国庆长假后，你一定找到了学习的快乐！快带上“信心、细心、专心”这三位好朋友，开始我们的“开心考一考”之旅吧！么么哒！本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。第Ⅰ卷包括第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节，第Ⅱ卷包括第三部分的第二节和第四部分。考试时间120分钟，满分150分（听力成绩暂不计入总分）。考生应首先阅读答题卡上的文字信息，然后在答题卡上作答，在试卷上作答无效。交卷时只交答题卡。第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhathasDennisdecidedtodo?A.Liveindependently.B.Startanewcompany.C.Staywithhisparents.2.Whatisprobablytheman?A.Adirector.B.Anactor.C.Ahost.3.Whenwilltheelectricitybeonagaintonight?A.At7:00pm.B.At9:00pm.C.At10:00pm.4.Whodidthemangocampingwith?A.Martin.B.Jenny.C.Phoebe.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Howhungrytheyfeel.B.Wherethey’llhavelunch.C.Whatfoodtheywillorder.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Husbandandwife.C.Teacherandstudent.7.Wheredoesthemansuggestgoing?A.Thecinema.B.Thecircus.C.Theamusementpark.听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。8.Whywillthespeakerseatouttonight?A.Theyenjoyfastfood.B.Theydon’tliketocook.C.Theycan’tcookathome.9.Whatdoesthemanwanttoeat?A.Mexicanfood.B.Frenchfood.C.Italianfood.10.Howwillthespeakersgototherestaurant?A.Bybike.B.Bycar.C.Bytaxi.听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。11.WhatattractsTomtowatchHeartlandprobably?A.Thetouchingplots.B.Theexcitingstory.C.Thepeacefullifestyle.12.WhatdoesTomthinkofhisgrandparents’life?A.It’stough.B.It’ssimple.C.It’sboring.13.Wheredoesthewomanlive?A.Inthecity.B.Inthetown.C.Inthecountryside.听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17四个小题。14.WhatmadeMayaBaydrawtoomanytouristssince1999?A.Theconvenientlocation.B.AfamousHollywoodmovie.C.Itsfirstopeningtothepublic.15.WhydidthegovernmentcloseMayaBayforatime?A.Todevelopit.B.Todoresearch.C.Toprotectthenaturallife.16.HowmanytouristscanvisitMayaBayperdaynow?A.300.B.2,000.C.4,00017.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Bookaholiday.B.Readsomemagazines.C.SurftheInternet.听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。18.WhendidAvacreateherfirstbook?A.Attheageof4.B.Attheageof5.C.Attheageof8.19.WhatdidAvadoforhernewbook?A.Shecollectedmoney.B.Shesearchedforsayings.C.Shedrewpicturesforit.20.HowdoesAvausethemoneygettingfromhernewbook?A.Docharity.B.Supportherfamily.C.Learnpainting.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AMexicohasavarietyoffestivalscelebratingcinemaandfilmeventsthattakeplacealltheyear.Herearesomeofthemostimportantones.FestivalSayulitaFestivalSayulitaisatwo-weekgatheringforloversoffilm,food,musicandsurfing.ThepleasantcoastaltowninRivieraNayaritprovidesascenicbackgroundforthisinternationalfestival.Filmswillbeshowninvariousplacesintown.Additionaleventsincludefoodpairings,beach-frontfilmscreenings,lectureseries,andlivemusic.Allshowsandactivitiesofferfreeadmission.RivieraMayaFilmFestivalItshowsfilmsinvarioustheatersallovertheStateofQuintanaRooinsouthernMexico,includingthedestinationsofCancunandIslaHolbox.Directorsthroughouttheglobehaveagreatloveofitonaccountofitsbiggestdraw—thecompetitionforBestMexicanFilm,“PlataformaMexicana”.Screeningsarefreetothepublic.OaxacaFilmFestivalDesignedtobeacompetitiveevent,thisnine-dayfestivalprovidesaplatformforthetalentsofexperiencedfilmmakersaswellasrisingartistsfromeachcontinenttoshowcasetheirworks,Thefestivalisequallydevotedtoincreasingtheaudienceforindependentfilms.LosCabosInternationalFilmFestivalLosCabosInternationalFilmFestivalwelcomesrisingandcelebratedfilmmakersfromaroundtheworldwhowillshowcasetheirfilmworks,suchasindependent,shortsanddocumentaries,toboostmoviemakingintheU.S.,Mexico,andaroundtheworld.1.WhichfestivalattractsfansofthecompetitionforBestMexicanFilm?A.FestivalSayulita. B.RivieraMayaFilmFestival.C.OaxacaFilmFestival. D.LosCabosInternationalFilmFestival.2.Whatdothesefestivalshaveincommon?A.Theyshowfilmsinthecinemas. B.Theyoftenlastaroundtwoweeks.C.Theyofferthepublicfreemeals. D.Theywelcomeworldwidefilmmakers.3.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Anartmagazine. B.Anewsreport.C.Ahistorybook. D.Atraveljournal.【答案】1.B2.D3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个庆祝电影和电影活动的节日。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据RivieraMayaFilmFestival部分的“Directorsthroughouttheglobehaveagreatloveofitonaccountofitsbiggestdraw—thecompetitionforBestMexicanFilm,“PlataformaMexicana”.(世界各地的导演都非常喜欢它，因为它最大的吸引力——最佳墨西哥电影的竞争，“墨西哥平台”)”可知，RivieraMayaFilmFestival会引起墨西哥最佳电影的竞争爱好者的兴趣。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据FestivalSayulita部分的“FestivalSayulitaisatwo-weekgatheringforloversoffilm,food,musicandsurfing.

ThepleasantcoastaltowninRivieraNayaritprovidesascenicbackgroundforthisinternationalfestival.(沙尤利塔节是电影、美食、音乐和冲浪爱好者为期两周的聚会。宜人的海滨小镇纳亚里特为这个国际节日提供了风景优美的背景)”；RivieraMayaFilmFestival部分的“Directorsthroughouttheglobehaveagreatloveofitonaccountofitsbiggestdraw—thecompetitionforBestMexicanFilm,“PlataformaMexicana”.(世界各地的导演都非常喜欢它，因为它最大的吸引力——最佳墨西哥电影的竞争，“墨西哥平台”)”；OaxacaFilmFestival部分的“Designedtobeacompetitiveevent,thisnine-dayfestivalprovidesaplatformforthetalentsofexperiencedfilmmakersaswellasrisingartistsfromeachcontinenttoshowcasetheirworks.(这个为期九天的电影节旨在成为一个竞争激烈的活动，为各大洲经验丰富的电影制作人和新兴艺术家提供了一个展示他们作品的平台)”以及LosCabosInternationalFestival部分的“LosCabosInternationalFilmFestivalwelcomesrisingandcelebratedfilmmakersfromaroundtheworldwhowillshowcasetheirfilmworks,suchasindependent,shortsanddocumentaries,toenhancemoviemakingintheU.S.,Mexico,andaroundtheworld.(洛斯卡沃斯国际电影节欢迎来自世界各地的新兴和著名电影人，他们将展示他们的电影作品，如独立电影、短片和纪录片，以提高美国、墨西哥和世界各地的电影制作水平)”可知，这些节日的共同之处是欢迎世界各地的电影人。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Mexicohasavarietyoffestivalscelebratingcinemaandfilmeventsthattakeplacealltheyear.Herearesomeofthemostimportantones.(墨西哥全年都有各种庆祝电影和电影活动的节日。这里有一些最重要的)”结合文章主要介绍了四个庆祝电影和电影活动的节日。可知，文章选自艺术杂志。故选A。BTomwaspleasedtogetaroleintheschoolplay.Itwasn’tamajorroleandhehadonlyfourorfivelines.However,heworkedhardatperfectingthelines,repeatingtheminfrontofamirroroverandoveragain,ashisdramateacherhadsuggested.Hehadgreatfunrehearsing(排练)withtheolderstudents.Thenfinallythebignightcame.Suddenly,thingsfeltdifferent.Thetheaterwasfullofaudience.Helookedaroundatthoseexperiencedactorsandsawtheconfidencethey’dshownatrehearsalseemedtohavedisappeared.Everyonewasonedge.WhenTomgotonstage,hecouldn’thelphurryingintothewordshehadrepeatedsomanytimesbefore.Hetriedtoslowdownbut,thinkingaboutdoingthat,hesuddenlyrealizedhehadmissedasentence.Withnotimetothinkitover,hecarriedon.Whenhesteppedoffthestage,hishandsfeltsweatyandhisheartwasracing.Hedidn’tthinkaboutwhathehadachieved.Instead,hewasbeatinghimselfupforthemistakethathehadmade.Theaudience,ofcourse,didn’tknowhehadmissedasentence.Infact,noonenoticeditexcepthisdramateacher.“Welldone,”shesaid,“Actingislikelearningtorideabike.Youmayfalloffafewtimes,yeteachtimeyougetbackon,youdoitbetter.Yourperformancemaynothavebeenperfectbut,foryourfirsttime,itwasgreat.”Thedramateacher’swordsputTom’smindatease.Hecaughtthelookofhisfaceinamirror,whichwassmilingbackathim.Withoutknowingit,heraisedtwohandswithhisthumbs(拇指)up.4.WhatdoyouthinkofTombeforethebignight?A.Hewassorryabouthislimitedlines. B.Heexpectedamajorroleintheplay.C.Hewasdevotedtothecomingplay. D.Hewassureabouttheplay’ssuccess.5.HowdidTomfeelwhenhefinishedtheperformance?A.Relaxed. B.Puzzled. C.Hopeful. D.Regretful.6.WhydidTomraisehishandswiththumbsupintheend?A.Hethoughthehaddoneagoodjob. B.Hehadacceptedhisownimperfection.C.Herespectedhisteacherverymuch. D.Headmiredhisownfaceinthemirror.7.Whatpointdoestheauthorwanttoexpressinthetext?A.Yourmistakescanhelpyoubetteryourself.B.Thereisnoneedtopreparecarefullyahead.C.It’snouseregrettingwhatyouhadmistaken.D.Itisbettertodooncethantopracticetentimes.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了汤姆第一次参加学校戏剧表演的经历。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“However,heworkedhardatperfectingthelines,repeatingtheminfrontofamirroroverandoveragain,ashisdramateacherhadsuggested.Hehadgreatfunrehearsing(排练)withtheolderstudents.Thenfinallythebignightcame.(然而，他努力完善台词，按照戏剧老师的建议，在镜子前一遍又一遍地重复。他和高年级学生一起排练，很开心。最后，重要的夜晚来了)”可知，重要的夜晚到来之前，汤姆全身心投入即将到来的戏剧表演，努力练习台词。故选C项。5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Whenhesteppedoffthestage,hishandsfeltsweatyandhisheartwasracing.Hedidn’tthinkaboutwhathehadachieved.Instead,hewasbeatinghimselfupforthemistakethathehadmade.(当他走下舞台时，他的手汗流浃背，心跳加速。他没有想到自己取得了什么成就。相反，他为自己犯的错误而自责)”可知，汤姆表演结束后感到后悔，为自己犯的错误而自责。故选D项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“‘Welldone,’shesaid,‘Actingislikelearningtorideabike.Youmayfalloffafewtimes,yeteachtimeyougetbackon,youdoitbetter.Yourperformancemaynothavebeenperfectbut,foryourfirsttime,itwasgreat.’(‘干得好，’她说，‘表演就像学习骑自行车。你可能会摔几次，但每次你重新骑上去，你都会骑得更好。你的表演可能并不完美，但对你来说，这是第一次，已经很好了’)”和最后一段中“Thedramateacher’swordsputTom’smindatease.Hecaughtthelookofhisfaceinamirror,whichwassmilingbackathim.Withoutknowingit,heraisedtwohandswithhisthumbs(拇指)up.(戏剧老师的话让汤姆放下心来。他在镜子里看到了自己的脸，那张脸正对着他笑。不知不觉地，他举起双手，竖起大拇指)”可推知，戏剧老师的鼓励让汤姆感到轻松，他看到镜子里的自己在笑，于是不知不觉地举起了双手，竖起了大拇指，这表明他接受了自己的不完美，对自己的表演感到满意。故选B项。【7题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，特别是倒数第二段中老师的鼓励“‘Welldone,’shesaid,‘Actingislikelearningtorideabike.Youmayfalloffafewtimes,yeteachtimeyougetbackon,youdoitbetter.Yourperformancemaynothavebeenperfectbut,foryourfirsttime,itwasgreat.’(‘干得好，’她说，‘表演就像学习骑自行车。你可能会摔几次，但每次你重新骑上去，你都会骑得更好。你的表演可能并不完美，但对你来说，这是第一次，已经很好了’)”可知，作者通过讲述汤姆第一次参加学校戏剧表演的经历，表达了“错误可以帮助你提高自己”这一观点。故选A项。CYoungchildrenoftenbenefitfromthestructureandroutineofatraditionalclassroomsetting.Ontheotherhand,olderstudentsmayfindthattheylearnbetterwhengiventhefreedomtoexplorematerialattheirownpace(节奏).Inordertoprovidethefullbenefitofonlinelearning,educatorsmustbeawareoftheneedsoftheirstudentsandthereforetailortheirinstruction.Asanyonewhohastriedtolearnfromvideosknows,itcanbedifficulttosearch,obtain,andsumupimportantinformation.Inresponsetothis,HariSubramonyam,aresearchprofessor,andhistwocolleagues,havedevelopedanewappcalledVideoStickerwhichusesartificialintelligence(AI).TheappusesAItoautomaticallyidentifyandarrangeobjectsoutofvideolessonsandplacethemintoanote-takingarea.Inadditiontocapturing(捕捉)images,VideoStickeralsopullsinkeytext,joiningitwiththeimagery.Thisway,studentscaneasilyprocessimagesandtextandaddthoseelementsintheirownexplanations.Asaresult,theappturnsthepassiveexperienceofwatchingavideointoanactiveonewithlotsofenthusiasm(热情)anddetermination,whichhelpsstudentstobetterreadthematerialandremembertheinformation.ThetestofVideoSticker’seffectivenesswasconductedwith10graduateandundergraduatestudents.Duringthetest,thestudentscompleteda75to90-minutenote-takingpartofabiologyclass.Theresearchersreportedpositiveresponsefromparticipants,withparticularpraisetoVideoSticker’sflexibilityindirectivitybetweennotesandvideocontent.Nextup,theteamwillpartnerwithothereducatorstofurtherevaluateandimproveVideoStickerbeforemakingthetoolfullyavailablecommercially.Withmoreandmorepeopleturningtovideosforeducationalcontent,appslikeVideoStickercouldhelptomakethelearningprocesseasierandmoreefficient.Othereducation-basedinnovationswehavespottedrecentlyincludeanappthatletsstudentsuploadmathsproblemsthroughtheirphones,aswellasaplatformforstudentswithlearningdifferencesandatoolthatidentifiesstrugglingreaderssooner.8.WhichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedwordtailorinParagraph1?A.expand B.satisfy C.assess D.adapt9.HowdostudentsfeelwhenlearningonVideoSticker?A.Energeticanddetermined. B.Thoughtfulandfocused.C.Helpfulandencouraged. D.Confidentanddependent.10.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Moremathsproblemscanbeuploaded.B.Moreeducationinnovationtakesshape.C.Morepracticebasesaretobedeveloped.D.Morepeopletendtomakeeducationvideos.11.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Anavailablemethodmakesstudentsbetterstudyefficiency.B.Apieceofimportanteducationinformationbenefitsstudents.C.AnAItoolmakesiteasyforstudentstotakenotesfromvideos.D.Anadvancedappmakesstudentsinteractwellwiththeteachers.【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款名为VideoSticker的应用程序，该程序使用人工智能从视频课程中自动识别和整理对象，帮助学生更好地从视频中记笔记，提高学习效率。【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段中“Inordertoprovidethefullbenefitofonlinelearning,educatorsmustbeawareoftheneedsoftheirstudentsandthereforetailortheirinstruction.(为了提供网络学习的全部好处，教育工作者必须了解他们的学生的需求，并据此tailor他们的教学)”中“therefore”可知，前后句为因果关系，结合“educatorsmustbeawareoftheneedsoftheirstudents”可推知，教育工作者必须了解学生的需求，并据此“调整”他们的教学。划线词tailor与adapt同义，意为“调整”。故选D项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Inadditiontocapturing(捕捉)images,VideoStickeralsopullsinkeytext,joiningitwiththeimagery.Thisway,studentscaneasilyprocessimagesandtextandaddthoseelementsintheirownexplanations.

Asaresult,theappturnsthepassiveexperienceofwatchingavideointoanactiveonewithlotsofenthusiasmanddetermination(除了捕捉图像外，VideoSticker还可以提取关键文本，将其与图像连接起来。这样，学生可以很容易地处理图像和文本，并在自己的解释中添加这些元素。因此，该应用程序将观看视频的被动体验转变为充满热情和决心的主动体验)”可知，学生使用VideoSticker学习时会感到精力充沛，有决心，即“energeticanddetermined”。故选A项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Withmoreandmorepeopleturningtovideosforeducationalcontent,appslikeVideoStickercouldhelptomakethelearningprocesseasierandmoreefficient.Othereducation-basedinnovationswehavespottedrecentlyincludeanappthatletsstudentsuploadmathsproblemsthroughtheirphones,aswellasaplatformforstudentswithlearningdifferencesandatoolthatidentifiesstrugglingreaderssooner.(随着越来越多的人转向视频获取教育内容，像VideoSticker这样的应用程序可以帮助使学习过程变得更容易和高效。我们最近发现的其他基于教育的创新包括一个应用程序，可以让学生通过手机上传数学问题，以及一个有学习差异的学生的平台和一个能更快识别阅读困难者的工具)”可推知，最后一段提到了除VideoSticker之外的其他教育创新，我们可以从这些内容中推断出“更多的教育创新正在形成”。故选B项。11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一款名为VideoSticker的应用程序，根据第三段“TheappusesAItoautomaticallyidentifyandarrangeobjectsoutofvideolessonsandplacethemintoanote-takingarea.(该应用程序使用人工智能自动从视频课程中识别和整理对象，并将它们放入笔记区域)”可知，该程序可以帮助学生更好地从视频中记笔记，提高学习效率。由此可知，文章主要介绍了一款人工智能工具，可以帮助学生从视频中轻松记笔记。故选C项。DBeforetheInternetage,criticalthinkingwasthemostimportantskillofpeople.Butinthedigitalage,accordingtoAnastasiaKozyreva,afamouspsychologist,amoreimportantskilliscriticalignoring.Asresearcherspointout,weliveinanattentioneconomywherecontentproducersontheInternetcompeteforourattention.Theyattractuswithmanyeye-catchingstorieswhileprovidinglittleusefulinformation,sotheycanexpose(使接触)ustoprofit-generatingadvertisements.Therefore,wearenotcustomersbutproducts,andeachlinkweclickisasaleofourtimeandattention.Toprotectourselvesfromthis,Kozyrevaadvocatesforlearningtheskillofcriticalignoring,inwhichreaderscancontroltheirinformationenvironmenttoreduceexposuretoraiseinformation.AccordingtoKozyreva,criticalignoringincludesthreestrategies.Thefirstistodesignourenvironments,whichincludesremovinglow-qualityyethard-to-resistinformationfromaround.Successfuldietersneedtokeepunhealthyfoodoutoftheirhomes.Similarly,weneedtosetupadigitalenvironmentwhereattention-attractingitemsarekeptoutofsight.Likedieting,ifonetriestodependonwillpowernottoclickeye-catching“news”,he’llsurelyfail.So,it’sbettertokeepthemoutofsightatfirst!Thenextistoevaluatethereliabilityofinformation,whosepurposeistoprotectyoufromfalseinformation.Itcanberealizedbycheckingthesourceinthemainstream,newsagencies,whicharetrustworthy.Thelastis:“neverfeedthetrolls.”Trollsaresomepeoplewhospreadfalseinformationonlinetocauseharm.Donotcorrectthem,becausetheydonotcareaboutwhethertheinformationiscorrect.Annoyingothersistheirgoal.So,neverrespondtotheirbadbehaviourwithourattention.Byusingtheabovecriticalignoringskills,wecanmakethemostoftheInternetwhileavoidingfallingvictims(受害者)tothosewhotrytocontrolourattention,timeandminds.12.Whatcanwelearnabouttheattentioneconomyfromparagraph2?A.Itoffersmoreinformation. B.Itfeaturesdepressingstories.C.ItsavestimeforInternetusers. D.Itseeksprofitsfromeachclick.13.Whydoestheauthormentiondietersinparagraph3?A.Todiscussthequalityofinformation. B.Toprovethebenefitsofhealthyfood.C.Toshowtheimportanceofenvironments. D.Toexplaintheeffectivenessofwillpower.14.WhatshouldwedotodealwithInternettrollsaccordingtothetext?A.Turnadeafeartothem. B.Reviewtheirintention.C.Correcttheirbehaviour. D.Sendhardfactstothem.15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Importanceofcriticalthinkinginonlinesearch.B.Skillstopracticecriticalignoringinthedigitalage.C.Benefitsofcriticalignoringintheattentioneconomy.D.StrategiestoimprovecriticalthinkingforInternetusers.【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在数字时代，由于信息过载和注意力经济，批判性思维不再是唯一重要的技能，而更为关键的是“批判性忽视”的技能。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Astheresearcherspointout,weliveinanattentioneconomywherecontentproducersontheInternetcompeteforourattention.Theyattractuswithalotofemotionalandeye-catchingstorieswhileprovidinglittleusefulinformation,sotheycanexposeustoprofit-generatingadvertisements.Therefore,wearenolongercustomersbutproducts,andeachlinkweclickisasaleofourtimeandattention.(正如研究人员指出的那样，我们生活在一个注意力经济中，互联网上的内容生产者在争夺我们的注意力。他们用大量的情感和引人注目的故事来吸引我们，而提供的有用信息却很少，所以他们可以让我们接触到盈利的广告。因此，我们不再是客户而是产品，我们点击的每一个链接都是在销售我们的时间和注意力)”可知，注意力经济可以让我们接触到盈利性广告，并从每次点击中寻求利润。故选D项。【13题详解】推理判断题，根据第三段中“Similarly,weneedtosetupadigitalenvironmentwhereattention-attractingitemsarekeptoutofsight.Likedieting,ifonetriestodependonwillpowernottoclickeye-catching“news”,he’llsurelyfail.So,it’sbettertokeepthemoutofsightatfirst!(同样，我们需要建立一个数字环境，让那些吸引眼球的东西远离我们的视线。就像节食一样，如果一个人试图依靠意志力不去点击引人注目的“新闻”，他肯定会失败。所以，最好一开始就把它们放在视线之外)”可推知，作者在第三段提到节食者，是为了强调我们需要建立一个让那些吸引眼球的东西远离我们的视线的数字环境，以此来表明环境的重要性。故选C项。【14题详解】细节理解题，根据倒数第二段中“Trollsaresomepeoplewhospreadfalseinformationonlinetocauseharm.Donotcorrectthem,becausetheydonotcareaboutwhethertheinformationiscorrect.Annoyingothersistheirgoal.So,neverrespondtotheirbadbehaviourwithourattention,(喷子是一些在网上传播虚假信息以造成伤害的人，不要纠正他们，因为他们不关心信息是否正确。惹恼别人是他们的目标。所以，永远不要用我们的注意力来回应他们的不良行为)”可知，对付网络喷子，我们最好对他们充耳不闻。故选A项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Butinthedigitalage,accordingtoAnastasiaKozyreva,afamouspsychologist,amoreimportantskilliscriticalignoring.(但在数字时代，著名心理学家AnastasiaKozyreva认为，在数字时代，一项更重要的技能是“批判性忽视”)”和第三段中“AccordingtoKozyreva,criticalignoringincludesthreestrategies.(Kozyreva认为，“批判性忽视”包括三种策略)”可知，本文主要讨论了在数字时代练习批判性忽视的技能。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Growingagardenisgreatfun.Flowersbringcolorandsweetsmellsintoourlives.Homegrowncarrotsandtomatoesaredelicious.Whetheryourgardentakesupacornerofyouryard,oracornerofawindowsill(窗台),it’seasytobesuccessfulbyfollowingafewsimpleguidelines.___16___Lookaroundyourhouse,yard,orapartment.Thinkcarefullyaboutthespaceavailable,aswellasthetimeandeffortyouwanttodevotetoyourproject.Plantsneedsoil,sunshine,andwater.___17___Ifyouareplantingagardeninacornerofyouryard,chooseaspotthatgetslotsofmorningsun.Ifyouliveinanapartment,youmightdecidetoplaceyourcontainergardenonasunnyspotonyourbalconyorwindowsill.Onceyouhavedeterminedthesizeofyourgarden,youarereadytochoosewhattoplant.___18___Whenchoosingplants,considerthesizeandlocationofyourgardenandhowmuchsunitwillget.Sunflowersneedlotsofroomandsunlight.Otherplantsdowellintheshade(阴凉处).___19___Afteryouhavedecidedonyourfavoriteflowersorvegetables,thenextstepistomakeabudget.Makealistofeverythingyouwillneed,includingseeds(种子),soil,containers,andtools.Wheneverythingisready,itistimetoplant!___20___Plantsusuallycomewithalabelwhichincludesinstructionsoncare.Waterconstantlytokeepyoungplantsandseedsslightlywet,especiallyifyouliveinahotclimate.Ifyouplancarefully,choosetherightplants,andtakegoodcareofthem,youaresuretohaveagardeneveryonewillenjoy.A.Plantscan’tlivewithoutsunorwater.B.Theyareingreatneedofcareaswell.C.Therearedifferentkindsofpotstochoosefrom.D.Decidewhetheryouwantflowers,vegetables,orboth.E.Tobegin,determinewhatsizegardenworksbestforyou.F.Whenusingpackagedseeds,followthedirectionsonthepackage.G.Ifyouarenotsurewhattoplant,lookforbooksaboutgardensatthelibrary.【答案】16.E17.B18.D19.G20.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何成功地种植花园，给出了一些简单的指导方针。【16题详解】上文“Whetheryourgardentakesupacornerofyouryard,oracornerofawindowsill(窗台),it’seasytobesuccessfulbyfollowingafewsimpleguidelines.(无论你的花园占据了院子的一角，还是窗台的一角，遵循一些简单的指导就很容易成功)”提出只需要一些简单的指导就很容易打理好花园。E选项“Tobegin,determinewhatsizegardenworksbestforyou.(首先，确定什么大小的花园最适合你)”提出第一条建议，句中“Tobegin”表明其逻辑顺序，同时句中“determinewhatsizegarden”与下文“Lookaroundyourhouse,yard,orapartment.Thinkcarefullyaboutthespaceavailable”相呼应。故选E项。【17题详解】上文“Plantsneedsoil,sunshine,andwater.(植物需要土壤、阳光和水)”说明植物生存的基本条件，B选项“Theyareingreatneedofcareaswell.(它们也非常需要照顾)”承接上文，进一步强调除了基本条件外，植物还需要精心的照顾，同时引出下文“Ifyouareplantingagardeninacornerofyouryard,chooseaspotthatgetslotsofmorningsun.Ifyouliveinanapartment,youmightdecidetoplaceyourcontainergardenonasunnyspotonyourbalconyorwindowsill.(如果你要在院子的一角种植花园，选择一个早晨阳光充足的地方。如果你住在公寓里，你可能要决定把你的容器花园放在阳台或窗台上的阳光充足的地方)”对植物精心照顾举例说明。故选B项。【18题详解】上文“Onceyouhavedeterminedthesizeofyourgarden,youarereadytochoosewhattoplant.(一旦你确定了花园的大小，你就可以选择种植什么了)”提出要选择种植什么，D选项“Decidewhetheryouwantflowers,vegetables,orboth.(决定你要花、蔬菜，还是两者都要)”承接上文，举例说明可以种植的植物，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。【19题详解】根据上文“Onceyouhavedeterminedthesizeofyourgarden,youarereadytochoosewhattoplant.(一旦你确定了花园的大小，你就可以选择种植什么了)”和“Whenchoosingplants,considerthesizeandlocationofyourgardenandhowmuchsunitwillget.Sunflowersneedlotsofroomandsunlight.Otherplantsdowellintheshade(阴凉处).

(在选择植物时，要考虑花园的大小和位置，以及它能得到多少阳光。向日葵需要充足的空间和阳光。其他植物在阴凉处生长得很好)”可知，本段在讨论如何选择要种植的植物并给出相应建议，G选项“Ifyouarenotsurewhattoplant,lookforbooksaboutgardensatthelibrary.(如果你不确定要种什么，去图书馆找关于花园的书)”与本段主题一致，提出在不确定要种什么植物的情况下，可以去图书馆寻求帮助。故选G项。【20题详解】下文“Plantsusuallycomewithalabelwhichincludesinstructionsoncare.(植物通常带有一个标签，上面包括护理说明)”说明进行植物种植要按标签上的护理说明来，F选项“Whenusingpackagedseeds,followthedirectionsonthepackage.(当使用袋装种子时，请遵循包装上的说明)”与其是并列关系，说明使用袋装种子时要遵循种子包装上的说明，这些都是开始种植时要注意的事项。故选F项。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iwas10yearsintomycareer,happilyworkingasaresearcher___21___somethingunusualhappenedandIhadtomovemyfocustoteachingundergraduateclasses.Itwashardtodroparesearchprogramthathaddefinedmycareerand___22___mypassions.Tostayclosetotheresearchworld,Ibegantoincludejournalarticlesinmyundergraduatecourse,___23___livelydiscussionsaboutthelatestdiscoveries.___24___,mystudentsrarelydevotedtothepapersfully.Mystudentswere___25___withrememberingfacts,buttheylackeddeepunderstandingofhowtheconclusionsweredrawn.Thecreativityofresearch—whatIlovedmostaboutbeingascientist—waslost___26___them.ThischangedthewayI___27___.Ispentmultipleclassesunderstandingasinglepaperwithmystudents,___28___eachfigureandtable.Ithenasked,“Ifyouhadco-authoredthepaper,whatwouldyoudonext?”Some___29___,“Uh…,I’mnotcreative.”ButIencouragedthemtogiveitatry.Aftertakingpartinsomegroupdiscussions,thestudentschangedtheir____30____.Theywere____31____bythevarietyoffollow-upstudiesthattheirclassmateshadthoughtup.Theyargued____32____aboutwhichideaswerebetter,expressingsurprisewhenothergroupsmadedifferentchoices.Iwasexcitedtoseeeachstudent____33____anideaanddiscoversomethingabouttheirownpowersof____34____.WhatIreallywantedmystudentstodowastodeveloptheirowninventivenessandemploytheirimaginations.Ihopedwhattheylearnedabouttheirown____35____wouldbesomethingthatlasts.21.A.though B.since C.when D.before22.A.generated B.followed C.evaluated D.predicted23.A.obtaining B.approving C.expecting D.preparing24.A.Besides B.However C.Otherwise D.Therefore25.A.familiar B.patient C.popular D.comfortable26.A.on B.in C.by D.to27.A.studied B.taught C.thought D.searched28.A.drafting B.drawing C.analyzing D.adopting29.A.committed B.hesitated C.pretended D.complained30.A.thoughts B.choices C.methods D.attitudes31.A.ashamed B.curious C.amazed D.excited32.A.heatedly B.angrily C.politely D.proudly33.A.appealto B.committo C.takeup D.liveoff34.A.devotion B.conclusion C.objective D.invention35.A.progress B.celebrity C.creativity D.occupation【答案】21.C22.A23.C24.B25.D26.A27.B28.C29.B30.D31.C32.A33.B34.D35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者作为老师，在面对本科学生缺乏钻研精神的时候，改变自己的教学方式，带领学生仔细解构论文，激发学生对探究的热情和内在创造力的故事。【21题详解】考