翻译二级笔译综合能力模拟46

翻译二级笔译综合能力模拟46Section1VocabularyandGrammarThissectionconsistsof3parts.Readthedirectionsfor（江南博哥）eachpartbeforeansweringthequestions.Part1VocabularySelectionInthispart,thereare20incompletesentences.Beloweachsentence,thereare4choicesmarkedbylettersA,B,CandDrespectively.Choosethewordwhichbestcompleteseachsentence.ThereisonlyONErightanswer.Blackenthecorrespondingletterasrequiredonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.1.

Chinaisproudofitsachievementsaccomplishedthrough______effortsthroughalltheseyearssinceitsopeningofitsmarket.A.formidableB.fortuitousC.strenuousD.long正确答案：C[解析]近义词语义辨析。题干意为“中国为经过______努力取得的成就感到自豪”，选项中只有strenuous(艰苦的，奋发的)符合上下文语义和词语搭配，故选C。

2.

Thereasonwhythisarticlewasidentifiedasplagiarismwasthatthetwotheseswerein______agreementexceptforafewdetails.A.substantialB.substituteC.subsidiaryD.subsequent正确答案：A[解析]形近词语义辨析。题干意为“这篇文章被认定为剽窃，原因除了一些细节外，这篇论文与另一篇______雷同”，选项中只有substantial(大量的，相当程度的；本质，实质的)符合上下文语义和词语搭配，故选A。

3.

Likehumans,ratscanalsobecome______todrugsandunabletoextricatethemselves.A.addictedB.adoptedC.adaptedD.disturbed正确答案：A[解析]语义辨析。题干意为“和人类一样，老鼠也会对毒品______”，选项中只有addicted(成瘾，上瘾)符合上下文语义和词语的搭配，故选A。

4.

Whilethepresidentwas______hisspeech,about50protestorsdemonstratedinfrontoftheUSembassy,condemningtheUSmilitarydeploymentintheregion.A.intoningB.utteringC.speakingD.delivering正确答案：D[解析]语用辨析。题干意为“在总统______演讲时，大约50名抗议者在美国大使馆前示威，谴责美国在该地区的军事部署”，选项中只有delivering(发表)符合上下文语义和词语搭配，故选D。

5.

Ifyouwantto______fromthedisease,youmustrestwellandfollowthedoctor'sadvices.A.renderB.recoverC.rebateD.refrain正确答案：B[解析]语义辨析。题干意为“如果你想从疾病中______，那么你必须好好休息”，选项中只有recover(恢复)符合上下文语义和词语搭配，故选B。

6.

Wewereallawedbythe______oftheGreatWallandfeltthatthesceneissecondtonone.A.gratitudeB.grandeurC.gravityD.glare正确答案：B[解析]近义词语义辨析。题干意为“我们都对长城的______感到敬畏，觉得这是无与伦比的”，选项中只有grandeur(壮丽)符合上下文语义和词语搭配，故选B。

7.

Ifeveryoneis______tootherpeople'ssuffering,thenthesocietywillbedifficultforeveryonetolivein.A.indigenousB.indicativeC.indifferentD.indignant正确答案：C[解析]形近词语义辨析。题干意为“如果每个人都对他人的痛苦______，那么这个社会对每个人来说都将是难以生存的”，选项中只有indifferent(漠不关心的)符合上下文语义和词语搭配，故选C。

8.

Theprofessor'snewbookisagreatsellerandhasreceived______fromtheacademiccircles.A.accessoriesB.accusesC.accusationsD.accolades正确答案：D[解析]形近词语义辨析。题干意为“教授的新书很畅销，并且得到了学术界的______”，选项中只有accolades(赞美，表扬)符合上下文语义和词语搭配，故选D。

9.

TheearlyChristianchurchhadmeetingsinsecrecytoescapeRomanimperial______.A.perceptionB.persecutionC.presumptionD.execution正确答案：B[解析]语义辨析。题干意为“早期的基督教会秘密集会以逃避罗马帝国的______”，选项中只有persecution(迫害)符合上下文语义和词语搭配，故选B。

10.

Mr.Simpson'sbookbecomeshisquesttouncovertheirhistory,______withthenarrativeofhisfamily'sdecline.A.scatteredB.spreadC.diversifiedD.interspersed正确答案：D[解析]近义词语义辨析。题干意为“辛普森先生的书帮助他探寻他们的历史，书中还______对他家族衰落的描述”，选项中只有interspersed(点缀，散布)符合上下文语义和词语搭配，故选D。

11.

Allthesecrashesresultfrom______driving—simplynotpayingattentiontotheroadwhenthedriversaredriving.A.distractedB.distributedC.disputedD.diverted正确答案：A[解析]近义词语义辨析。题干意为“这些车祸都是由于司机开车时______造成的，因为他们根本没有注意到路面”，选项中只有distracted(分心)符合上下文语义和词语搭配，故选A。

12.

Thiscommercial______wasthesubjectofcontroversyonthelegislationmeeting.A.statusB.statueC.statuteD.state正确答案：C[解析]形近词语义辨析。题干意为“这项商业______在会议上引起了争议”，选项中只有statute(法规)符合上下文语义和词语搭配，故选C。

13.

Asthepreviousspeecheshadbeentoolong,thechairmanhadtoaskthefollowingspeakersto______theirtalksintofiveminutes.A.repressB.depressC.compressD.impress正确答案：C[解析]形近词语义辨析。题干意为“由于前面的发言太长，主席不得不要求后面的发言者把他们的发言______到五分钟”，选项中只有compress(压缩，精简)符合上下文语义和词语搭配，故选C。

14.

TheWorldBankiscertainlynota______bankanditdoesnotinvolvethetypicalbankingbusiness.A.essentialB.potentialC.quintessentialD.inertial正确答案：C[解析]语义辨析。题干意为“世界银行当然不是______的银行，也不涉及典型的银行业务”，选项中只有quintessential(典型的)符合上下文语义和词语搭配，故选C。

15.

DuringJapan'srevolutioninthe19thcentury,theJapanesedenouncedtheirowntraditionalcultureand______thewesternidealsandvaluesatthattime.A.embracedB.refusedC.dismissedD.laughed正确答案：A[解析]语义辨析。题干意为“在19世纪的日本革命期间，日本人谴责自己的传统文化并______当时西方的理想和价值观”，选项中只有embraced(拥抱，接受)符合上下文语义和词语搭配，故选A。

16.

Themanwasnotoriousforhismisdemeanorinthetown.Onceheevenhadthenerveto______hisbestfriendintobuyinghishouseatahighprice.A.beguileB.despiseC.bewilderD.deceive正确答案：A[解析]语义辨析。题干意为“这个人甚至胆敢______他最好的朋友以高价买下他的房子”，选项中只有beguile(欺骗)符合上下文语义和词语搭配，故选A。

17.

Hisjobisto______theeditsovereachnewversionofthearticles.A.propagateB.propelC.proposeD.proportionate正确答案：A[解析]近义词语义辨析。题干意为“他的工作是在文章的每个新版本上______编辑内容”，选项中只有propagate(传播，宣传)的语义能构成符合英文语用习惯的搭配，故只有A选项符合题意。

18.

InJonathan'ssatirefictions,thepoliticians,leftandright,areall______,onlycaringaboutthemselvesbutneveraboutothers.A.hypocriticalB.hypnoticalC.hypotheticalD.hyperbolical正确答案：A[解析]语义辨析。题干意为“在乔纳森的讽刺小说中，左右两派的政客都是的，只关心自己，从不关心别人”，选项中只有hypocritical(伪善的)符合上下文语义和词语搭配，故选A。

19.

Thereporterwas______inyesterday'snewspaperforhisunprofessionalbehavior.A.abusedB.slanderedC.vilifiedD.criticized正确答案：C[解析]语义辨析。题干意为“这位记者因其非职业行为而在昨天的报纸上受到______”，选项中只有vilified(中伤，轻视)符合上下文语义和词语搭配，故选C。

20.

Wecouldn't______theoldladytotravelbyair,sowehadtodrivefor20hourstotakeherbackhome.A.seduceB.induceC.introduceD.produce正确答案：B[解析]语义辨析。题干意为“我们未能______那位老太太乘飞机旅行，所以我们不得不开20个小时的车送她回家”，选项中只有induce(劝诱)符合上下文语义和词语搭配，故选B。

Part2VocabularyReplacementThispartconsistsof20sentences.Ineachofthemonewordisunderlined,andbeloweach,thereare4choicesmarkedbylettersA,B,CandDrespectively.Choosethewordthatcanreplacetheunderlinedpartwithoutcausinganygrammaticalerrororchangingthebasicmeaningofthesentence.ThereisonlyONErightanswer.Blackenthecorrespondingletterasrequiredonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.1.

Ifthisactivegeneisamutationthatwouldotherwisehavebeenrecessive,itcanleadtodisease.Conversely,ifthesilencedgeneisharmfulinsomeway,imprintingcanbebeneficial.A.ConfusinglyB.ContrarilyC.ComparativelyD.Conceivably正确答案：B[解析]词义辨析。观察两个条件之间的逻辑关系，先从“activegene”和“silencedgene”看出前后是相反相对的关系，再由“beneficial”和“leadtodisease”的语义相悖确定判断，因此替换部分应为“完全相反地，相对地”，B答案最符合。

2.

ThefirmsareChristian-ownedandclaimthelawabridgestheirreligiousfreedom.A.shortensB.promisesC.allowsD.diminishes正确答案：D[解析]词义辨析。本题要抓住“claim(声称)”一词，后常接观点主张，在当下大部分国家中，世俗社会和宗教律法之间都存在冲突，替换部分最可能意为“‘限制，剥夺’他们的宗教自由”。脱离语境可能会选到A，因其也是替换词的义项之一。

3.

Gracetakestheblame,coverstheshame,removesthestigma...shemakesbeautyoutofuglythings.A.spotB.salvationC.stainD.slur正确答案：C[解析]词义辨析。前面的“blame”“shame”，后面的“uglythings”都提示此处的替换部分指的是一些(道德等方面的)污点，因此选A。

4.

Healthsystemsstrengthening—which,inglobalhealthspeak,meansbuildingandreinforcingthestaff—mustcontinuetotakeplace.A.recruitingB.retainingC.recommendingD.registering正确答案：A[解析]形近词辨析。根据前面“strengthening”的提示，其后的替换部分语义为“加入新力量”，注意动宾搭配。

5.

Thissystemhasmonitorcapabilitycoveringtheentireproperty,insideandout.Additionally,teachersandparentsarevigilanttoreportpersonsonthepropertywithoutasecuritybadge.A.resourcefulB.committedC.observantD.conscientious正确答案：C[解析]词义辨析。本题的关键在理解“monitorcapability”，显然“Additionally”提供的暗示是老师和家长所做的事(动宾)具有的特质(形容词，副词)和监控系统有类似的功能，因此替换词此处意为“观察机敏的”。

6.

Thearchaeologistsexcavatedtheruins,coveredthembackupagain,andeverything'sbacktothewayitwas.A.destructionsB.wrecksC.crashesD.eruptions正确答案：B[解析]词义辨析。发掘出再掩埋的，应该是某种需要保护的、具有历史文化意义的东西。B和C在某些情况下有重合，但此处指的是建筑等遗址，而不是撞击。A为“毁坏”，D为“(火山)爆发”。

7.

Suchgamesareusuallyplayedbehindcloseddoorsorinsecludedplacesduetothefactthatmanychildrenknowsuchactivityistabooinmanyhomes.A.subversiveB.divisiveC.forbiddenD.shameful正确答案：C[解析]词义辨析。小孩子玩游戏得背着大人，表达了一种“隐秘”和“规训”之间的冲突，所以替换部分的意思应该为“这种活动是不被允许的，被禁止的”，故选C。

8.

SoleParentSupport(forsingleparentswhoseyoungestchildisunder14years)andaSupportedLivingPaymentareforthosesignificantlyrestrictedbyillnessordisability.A.refinedB.affinedC.definedD.confined正确答案：D[解析]形近词辨析。前面两个大写的法案，尤其是括号中的内容，表明题干中谈及的是对弱势群体的社会保障，因此替换部分也应该是某种因为病和残疾导致的不利处境。从这个意义出发很容易选出答案D。

9.

IntheopeningsceneofStepUp2:TheStreets,someonevibratesunderneathasubwayseat.A.swingsB.fluctuatesC.quiversD.undulates正确答案：C[解析]近义词辨析。A选项一般指的是一端固定的晃动，B表示的是不断的、无规律的程度或价值等的变动，D是波浪状的轻微摆动。题干中(某人)在地铁凳子下，这不是乘客应有的位置，所以肯定是一个戏剧化的场合，但空间有限，应该是“抖动”。

10.

HolChanMarineReservehasnowallowedfishandotherspeciestoregenerate,providinganimportantsanctuaryformarinelifeandanoutstandingunderwaterexperienceforvisitors.A.settlementB.galleryC.memorialD.refuge正确答案：D[解析]词义辨析。从“allowedfishandotherspeciestoregenerate”得到足够的暗示，此处有保护海洋物种再生的重要功能，替换词是海洋生物的避难所。语义清晰，应为“保护地，避难所”。

11.

Thenextstepwillbeprocessingtheresultstodeciphermorecluesabouttheattitudes,beliefsanddemographiccharacteristicsofpeopleengagedinthesepublicconversationsonTwitter.A.followB.searchC.interpretD.reveal正确答案：C[解析]词义辨析。替换部分处于一个不定式中，不定式在另一动词之后常表示其目的或动作的承接。因此应该从“处理数据和______线索”的语义逻辑寻找答案。关乎态度、信仰、个人特征的线索(clues)，都包含在推特海量的对话数据中，因此经过处理，再进行“解读”是最合适的答案。

12.

Filledwithwhimsicalmusic,vibrantcostumesandspectacularscenicelements,thisintriguingtaleaboutacuriousandimaginativeyounggirlhasattractedreadersformanygenerations.A.enchainedB.enchasedC.enthralledD.enchanted正确答案：D[解析]形近词辨析。替换部分之前是对音乐、服装、布景的形容，众多具有积极语义的词如“intriguing”“curious”“imaginative”都能够帮助考生找到替换部分的意思，是一种对正面吸引的自愿投入，故选D。

13.

Publicopinionisfickleandmoresoinanationlikeourswhereilliteracyandbackwardnessstillabound.A.insecureB.impatientC.impulsiveD.inconsistent正确答案：D[解析]词义辨析。国家落后，民众文化水平低，公众思维能力和自我表达能力就比较弱，意见就不能保持前后一致，会“变化无常”。

14.

Thereactionwasinstantandoverwhelming.Socialmediaexploded,radiophone-insandTVdebatescombustedwithfury,andpoliticiansofallpartieslineduptodemandmysacking.A.instantaneousB.inauspiciousC.innumerousD.injudicious正确答案：A[解析]形近词辨析。媒体和各界的反应激烈而迅速，所以选A。

15.

Itistorevivegeneraleconomicgrowthandensurethatenergy—basedoninternationalsupply,productionandinnovation—fullylubricatesthewheelsofwealthcreation.A.inspectsB.loosensC.greasesD.polishes正确答案：C[解析]词义辨析。此处运用比喻手法，说明若要创造财富并恢复经济增长，提供动力的车轮需要跑起来，最需要的是“提供动力和润滑”。

16.

Theresearchisobviouslypainstaking:theauthorincludesalargeglossaryofmorethan100pagesaswellasapronunciationkeyfortheRomannames.A.quantitativeB.inspirationalC.meticulousD.sophisticated正确答案：C[解析]词义辨析。作者收集了大量的资料，100页的词汇表(并带有发音说明)表明工作量非常大且工作细致。A选项不表示数量多，而是“量化”的意思。B和D项与题意不符。

17.

Next,wefocusonseveralareaswheregender-basedviolenceispervasive:inuniversities,urbansettings,duringwarandmilitarizedlocations,andintheglobaleconomy.A.extremeB.widespreadC.intimateD.physical正确答案：B[解析]词义辨析。注意句中的冒号有诠释或举例的作用。冒号后是不同的地点场合，针对特定性别(女性)的暴力到处都存在，推论出替换部分的语义为“处处都有的”。

18.

However,whatisagonizingandunbearableistheduplicityandinsincerityofthesemediawhorefusedtocriticizetheGermanpoliceforitsillegalbehavior.A.hypocrisyB.barbarityC.imparityD.ardency正确答案：A[解析]词义辨析。替换部分之前的“duplicity”、其后所属格结构的逻辑主语“媒体”和后面的定语从句(对媒体的具体行为的描述会帮助确定写作者的态度与观点)都提示媒体的不发声是一种“虚伪”，和B、C、D项的“野蛮”“不配合”“热心”无关。

19.

TheDailyMirror'sjubilantpraiseoftheWolves'performance,crownedbytheclaimtheywerenow"ChampionsoftheWorld",raisedhiseyebrow.A.irrepressibleB.festalC.exultantD.hope-filled正确答案：C[解析]词义辨析。注意形容词jubilant作前置定语和名词praise之间的语义关系，crowned和ChampionsoftheWorld分别说明了赞美的程度和性质，非常热烈、友好，故选C。

20.

TheoriginalinspirationfortheideaofChurchgovernmentwastheself-interestofthemonkJohnofFordon,whohadfabricatedsuchanillustriouspasttoelevatetheprestigeofhisownorder.A.hilariousB.gloriousC.precariousD.vagarious正确答案：B[解析]形近词辨析。elevatetheprestige意为“提升威望”，故编造辉煌的过往符合句意。

Part3ErrorCorrectionThispartconsistsof20sentences.Ineachofthemthereisanunderlinedpartthatindicatesagrammaticalerror,andbeloweach,thereare4choicesmarkedbylettersA,B,CandDrespectively.Choosethewordorphrasethatcanreplacetheunderlinedpartsothattheerroriscorrected.ThereisonlyONErightanswer.Blackenthecorrespondingletterasrequiredonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.1.

Onissuessuchasclimatechangeandtrade,ChinahasactedmoreresponsiblethantheTrumpadministration,seekingtoupholdglobalaccordsratherthanchuckgrenadesatthem.A.isactingmoreresponsibleB.actedwithmoreresponsiblyC.hasactedmoreresponsiblyD.hasactedmoreresponsibilities正确答案：C[解析]副词用法。本题中动词后面应该出现的是副词responsibly，而不是形容词responsible，形容词不能修饰副词。

2.

Conversely,aEuropeweakenanddividebytheworld'smostpowerfulcountrywouldexacerbateproblemsfarbeyondtheEU'sborders.A.weakeningordividingB.weakeninganddividedC.weakenedbutdividingD.weakenedanddivided正确答案：D[解析]过去分词的用法。本题中画线部分作Europe的后置定语，意思为“一个被分裂、削弱的欧洲”，因此应该用过去分词表示被动。

3.

InJapan,morepupilscommitsuicideonSeptember1st,justbeforethestartofthenewterm,aswellasonanyotherday.A.likeanydayB.asanyotherdayC.thanonanyotherdayD.onanyotherday正确答案：C[解析]比较级用法。句子前面出现的more提示后面应该有than出现。

4.

AgraduatestudentatOxfordUniversitysayshewas"emotionallyscarredforatleastfiveyears"aftertormentedinmiddleschoolinHongKong.A.beforehavingtormentedB.afterbeingtormentedC.whilehavebeentormentedD.aftertormenting正确答案：B[解析]动名词的用法。在介词after后面跟动词时，动词应该以v.-ing形式出现，本题中依语义，应该用动名词的被动语态。

5.

Stateswiththestrictestlaws,suchasMassachusetts,requiringschoolofficialstoreportallbullyingtothehead,whomust"promptlyconductaninvestigation".A.schoolofficialsrequireB.schoolofficialsarerequiringC.requiresschoolofficialsD.requireschoolofficials正确答案：D[解析]主谓一致。本句中的主语是States，画线部分应该是谓语部分，所以谓语动词要与主语在数上保持一致，故选D。

6.

Lookingathismap,hetriestoworkoutfromwhereshootingswilltakeplace.A.whereB.inwhichC.bywhichD.whereis正确答案：A[解析]宾语从句。本题中在动词workout后面应该跟宾语，因此从句是一个宾语从句。从语义上来看，应该由where来引导该从句。

7.

Historicallybeingdevotedtocatchingparkingoffenders,themetropolicenowhasananti-gangunit.A.devotingtoB.hasdevotedtoC.weredevotingtoD.devotedto正确答案：D[解析]过去分词作状语。句子的主语是police，画线部分是非谓语动词形式，按照语法规则，其逻辑主语应该是句子的主语police。从语义上来判断，画线部分应该用过去分词，意为“从历史上看其主要工作是抓违章停车者”，警察的工作是分配的，所以要用表示被动的过去分词。

8.

Manyweredumpinggroundswhentheapartheidregimeremovedpeopleofmixedraceliketheinnercityinthe1960s.A.aboutB.onC.fromD.within正确答案：C[解析]介词与动词的搭配。from与remove连用意为“从……中除去……”，属于固定搭配。

9.

OnememberwhichlivesinHanoverParkexplainshisinitiationintotheAmericans,probablythelargestgang.A.wholivesB.wholiveC.thatislivingD.withliving正确答案：A[解析]定语从句。由于先行词是人，并且是单数，所以要选A。

10.

Inspiteofmemberspassinandoutofjail,linesblurbetweenprisonandstreetgangs,creatingnewrivalries.A.LestB.ThoughC.IfD.As正确答案：D[解析]连词使用。从本句的语义上来看，前面的从句应该是时间状语从句，故选as作为引导词。

11.

Whenchangestakeplaceinthemarketstheyareinvolvedin,itcanencouragenewentrantsandbattlesforturf,whichleadingtosurgesinviolence.A.isleadingtoviolenceinsurgesB.ledtoinviolencesurgesC.leadingtosurgesinviolenceD.leadstosurgesinviolence正确答案：C[解析]现在分词的用法。本题中已经有主句、从句，因此画线部分是补充信息的附属成分，故选现在分词短语作结果状语。

12.

ThegovernmentisgettingnothingdonebecauseBrexitoccupiesmostoftheirconsiderablecapacityforinternecinewarfare.A.mostofitsconsiderablecapacityB.mostofhisconsiderablycapacityC.theirmostconsiderablycapacityD.mostconsiderablecapacityoftheir正确答案：A[解析]代词指代用法。画线部分是一个原因状语从句，其中的代词their指代的是thegovernment，在本句中该集体名词是单数，所以代词应该用its。

13.

Havingmorethan800minternetusersmeansthecountryhasanoverabundanceofdata,amostimportantinputforAIservices.A.mostimportantlyinputforAIservicesB.themostimportantinputforAIservicesC.importantlyinputforAIservicesD.mostoftheimportantinputforAIservices正确答案：B[解析]同位语的用法。画线部分从语义上来看，是对data进一步补充信息，意为“用于人工智能服务最重要的数据输入”，作同位语。此同位语是一个典型的名词词组结构(限定词+前置修饰语+名词+后置修饰语)。

14.

Thissortoftechnologicalcapacitycouldleadtoa"techcoldwar",aseachsideseekingtodominatetheotherbyfairmeansandfoul.A.soeachsideseekingtodominateB.everysideseekstodominateC.foreachsidetoseektodominateD.witheachsideseekingtodominate正确答案：D[解析]独立主格结构。画线部分是一个“with+独立主格”，对techcoldwar作进一步解释，在句子中是次要成分。

15.

SurveysinBritainandAmericaconsistentlyshowthatthebiggestworryparentshavefortheirschool-agechildreniswhattheywillbebullied.A.thattheywillbebulliedB.theirbullyingC.whytheyarebullyingD.tobullythem正确答案：A[解析]表语从句。本题中有多个从句，show后面的that从句(宾语从句)中有一个定语从句和一个表语从句，表语从句补充说明worry的具体内容，应该由that来引导。

16.

Still,takingtogether,China'seffortsareshapingatechnosystemquitedifferentfromanyintheWest.A.iftotaketogetherB.takentogetherC.totaketogetherD.bytakingtogether正确答案：B[解析]过去分词。本句中画线部分是非谓语动词形式，其逻辑主语就是句子的主语，从语义上来看是作条件状语，因此应该用过去分词表示被动，意为“如果从整体来看”。

17.

Itwasdawnwhenthebussighedandknelt,andtheydescendedintothecitywherehadbeenthewoman'shome.A.whatwasB.thathadbeenC.inwhichitwasD.inthathadbeen正确答案：B[解析]定语从句。尽管先行词是表示地点的city，但由于从句中没有主语，所以要选用关系代词that来引导，并作从句的主语。

18.

Thegirlsawalookonthewoman'sfacethatinthefutureshewouldthinkofunlesssomeonecrumpledasheetofpaperintoaball.A.whyB.whileC.untilD.everytime正确答案：D[解析]时间状语从句。定语从句中(that从句)有一个时间状语从句，从语义上来看，是每一次看见有人将纸揉成球状她就会想起那张脸，故选D。

19.

Thewomantookashowerthatwassofamiliarinallitsdetails—theheat,thepinescentofthesoap,theprecisediscolorationofthegroutaroundcertaintiles—whichitseemedtowashawayallthathadhappenedtoher.A.whenB.thatC.muchD.if正确答案：B[解析]结果状语从句。shower后面的定语从句中出现了sofamiliar...，并且在两个破折号之间又插入了补充details的内容，形成了干扰，但最后部分的意思明显是表示结果，因此应该是so...that...从句。

20.

Eachpicturewassignedwiththenamethattheteacherscalledoutatcircletimethatwaswrittenwithwoodenlettersonthewallofthebedroom.A.waswritingonwoodenlettersB.waswrittenbywoodenlettersC.waswritingforletterswoodenD.waswritteninwoodenletters正确答案：D[解析]介词辨析。介词in表示用某种语言(文字)书写，故选D。

Section2ReadingComprehensionInthissectionyouwillfindaftereachofthepassagesanumberofquestionsorunfinishedstatementsaboutthepassage,eachwith4(A,B,CandD)choicestoanswerthequestionorcompletethestatement.Youmustchoosetheonewhichyouthinkfitsbest.Blackenthecorrespondingletterasrequiredonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.

Asthefederalgovernmentshutdownapproachesthetwo-weekmark,it'sbecomepainfullyapparentthatthepubliccannolongerrunamokvirtuallyunsupervisedinthenationalparks.What'stheevidenceofthat?Thelitter,vandalismandtrampledground.Thehumanfecesoverflowingthepublictoiletsandtheurinealongtheroads.

Unlikethelastlengthyshutdownin2013,theTrumpadministrationthistimehasoptedtokeepthenationalparksopenbutlargelyunstaffed.Privateconcessionoperatorsandnonprofitgroupshavehelpedwithmaintenancewheretheycan.Somestateshavedippedintotheirowncofferstokeepparksstaffedandoperating—atleastforawhile.Manyotherstates,includingCalifornia,havenot.

Withtensofthousandsofparkemployeesfurloughed,thatmeansmanyparkshavenoworkerscollectingentryfeesatthegates,patrollingthecampgroundsoremptyingthegarbagecansandportabletoilets.Butthevisitorskeepcoming.Thelackofmaintenanceandoversightistakingatoll.Therearereportsofillegalcampingandoff-roaddrivinginsensitivehabitatareas.UnsupervisedtouristswereharassingelephantsealsatthePointReyesNationalSeashore,promptingofficialstocloseoffpartofthebeach.

Visitorshavepostedpicturesonsocialmediaofoverflowinggarbagebins.EmptychampagnebottleswereleftstrewnonthegroundatJoshuaTree.Yosemiteofficialshadtorestrictentrytocertainareasoftheparkaftertheaccumulationofhumanurineandfecesbecameahealthhazard.TheNationalParkServicehastheauthoritytoturnawayvisitorsforsafety,healthorenvironmentalprotectionreasons.That'swhattheSequoiaandKingsCanyonNationalParksdidWednesday,whentheyclosedlargesectionsbecauseofconcernsthatvisitorscouldbeendangeredonicyroadsandhikingtrails.

Andthethreatisn'tjusttothenaturalwondersandtopublicsafety.Thenationalparksarefullofculturalandhistoricresourcesthatcouldbedamagedorstolenwithsolittleoversightandprotection.Duringthe2013shutdown,theObamaadministrationorderedthenationalparksystemcompletelyclosed.Thatwasacontroversialdecisionatthetime.Visitorswhohadtraveledgreatdistancestovisittheparkswereturnedaway.Localbusinessesthatrelyonparktourismsuffered.OtherssawtheclosuresasapoliticaltacticbyPresidentObamatodrumupnegativepublicityfortheRepublican-ledshutdown.Butgiventhedamagecurrentlybeinginflictedonthenation'smostmajesticopenspaces,temporarilyclosingsomeparksmightbethebestwaytoprotectthem.

Indeed,asoneformerNationalParkServicedirectorsaid,keepingtheparksopenbutunstaffedislikeleavingtheSmithsonianopenwithoutemployeesmindingthepricelessartifacts.Itinvitesabuseandpracticallyguaranteesdamagetosomeofthenation'smosttreasuredpubliclands.

Yes,it'salosstothetouristswhoplannedtheirvacationsaroundavisittoYosemiteValley,orwhohadhopedtohikethroughtheforestsofSequoiaNationalPark.Yes,therewillbeaneconomiccostforlocalcommunities.Butthatisthecostofagovernmentshutdown.ThepoliticalstalemateinWashington—thefailureofPresidentTrumpandcongressionalleaderstoreachabudgetdealastheyhaggleoverhisinsistenceonacostlyborderwall—hasreal-worldconsequences.

Thenation'smostmagnificentpublicassetsshouldn'tbesacrificedtothispoliticalbattle.It'sworthnotingthatthenationalparksystemalreadystruggleswithan$11-billionbacklogofdeferredmaintenanceandwithmassivecrowdsthatstressexistingcapacity.Therearepotholedroads,crumblingtrails,agingsewersystemsinneedofrepairtopreventcontaminationofnearbystreams.Throwingopenthegatestoallcomerswithlittlecontrolor

oversightonlyexacerbatesthoseproblems.

Americanslovetheirnationalparks,butdon'talwaystreatthemwiththecaretheydeserve.Theparksshouldshutdownuntilthefederalgovernmentreopens.

(选自《洛杉矶时报》

2019年1月3日))1.

Thepubliccannolongerrunamokinthenationalparksforthereasonthat______.A.thefederalgovernmenthasbeenshutdownB.theparksareunsupervisedC.theenvironmenttherehasbeendestroyedD.visitorstotheseparksarenotbehavingproperly正确答案：D[解析]细节题。根据题干关键词定位第1段第1句，最后两句提到公园里垃圾遍地、粪水横流，显然是游客不文明行为导致的，故正确答案为D。

2.

Theword"coffers"underlinedinParagraph2issynonymouswith______.A.resourcesB.fundsC.savesD.banks正确答案：B[解析]语义题。coffers意为“资金”，故正确答案为B。

3.

InParagraph3,theauthormentionsillegalcamping,off-roaddrivingandharassingelephanntsealsinordertoindicatethat______.A.thenationalparksareinamessB.visitorsaredoingharmtothenationalparksC.thegovernmentshutdownhasnegativeeffectsonthenationalparksD.thenationalparksaretakingatollonmaintenance正确答案：C[解析]推断题。举例的目的是为了说明观点，即前一句Thelackofmaintenanceandoversightistakingatoll(缺乏监管和维护正造成损失)，而监管和维护的缺失是政府停摆(governmentshutdown)造成的，故正确答案为C。

4.

AllthefollowingmeasureshavebeentakentohandletheproblemscausedbytheshutdownEXCEPTthat______.A.partofthePointReyesNationalSeashorewasclosedoffB.certainareasofYosemitewererestrictedforentryC.theNationalParkServiceturnedawayvisitorsD.theSequoiaandKingsCanyonNationalParksclosedlargesections正确答案：C[解析]推断题。根据选项定位第4段，仔细甄别后可知，C与原文(国家公园管理局有权拒绝游客进入景区)不符，因为有权并不等于真的这么做，故正确答案为C。

5.

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueofPresidentObama?______A.Heorderedthegovernmenttocloseallthenationalparksin2013.B.Hisdecisiontoclosethenationalparkswasmuchdisputed.C.HeclosedthenationalparkstoshowthenegativeeffectsoftheRepublican-ledshutdown.D.Hebelievedclosingsomeparksmightbethebestwaytoprotectthem.正确答案：D[解析]推断题。根据选项定位第5段，仔细甄别后可知，D与原文(目前关闭一部分公园也许是最佳的保护方法)不符，因为奥巴马执政时公园是全部关闭的，故正确答案为D。

6.

InParagraph6,"theSmithsonian"ismostlikelya______.A.shopB.museumC.hotelD.library正确答案：B[解析]推断题。本句将theSmithsonian与免费开放但无人值守的公园进行了类比，可知两者应该都是公益场所，更何况其中有“价值连城的工艺品”，可以推断是博物馆，故正确答案为B。

7.

Theword"stalemate"underlinedinParagraph7istheclosestinmeaningto______.A.impasseB.situationC.argumentD.stagnation正确答案：A[解析]语义题。stalemate意为“僵局”，故正确答案为A(僵局)。

8.

AccordingtoParagraph8,thenationalparks______.A.havelimitedfundsformaintenanceB.havelimitedcapacityforincomingvisitorsC.havesewersystemstoberepairedD.havebrokenroadsandtrails正确答案：A[解析]推断题。根据选项定位第8段，仔细甄别后可知，A与原文(110亿美元维修资金未到位)一致，故为正确答案。

9.

Thebesttitleforthepassageis______.A.TheProblemsoftheNationalParksB.GovernmentShutdownCrisisC.TheFutureoftheNationalParksD.TheNationalParks:OpenorShutDown?正确答案：D[解析]主旨题。本文讲述了美国国家公园因政府停摆出现的许多问题，讨论了特朗普总统继续开放公园的举措是否正确，提出了可行的解决方案。根据相关性和全面性的原则，正确答案为D。

10.

Theauthor'sattitudetowardthegovernment'sdecisionis______.A.neutralB.criticalC.indifferentD.supportive正确答案：B[解析]态度题。作者在文章最后一段提出，国家公园应关闭至政府恢复运作，可见作者对特朗普政府的举措持否定意见，故正确答案为B(批评的)。

EveryyearBerryBros&Rudd,Britain'soldestwinemerchant,issuesapocket-sizedpricelist.Readingoldcopiesmakesamateursofqualityquaffwanttotime-travel.In1909acaseof12bottlesofDomainedelaRomanée-Conti1891,Burgundy'smostfamousGrandCru,cost180shillings(about￡1,000,or$1,300,intoday'smoney).InitshistoricLondonstore,whichopenedin1698,asingle18-year-oldbottleofsimilarqualitynowsellsfor￡25,000.

Finewineisexpensivetostore,anditsrarityandhightransactioncostsmakeit—oddlyenough—anilliquidasset.Evenso,itsappreciationwithageandperceivedabilitytodiversifyportfolioshavemadeitpopularwithinvestorsoverthepasttwodecades.Thevalueofwineexchangedyearlybetweenconsumers,connoisseursandcollectors—thesecondarymarket—hasquadrupledto$4bnsince2000,saysJustinGibbsofLiv-ex,awine-tradingplatform.Hereckonsthatjust15%ofthosebuyingwineonhiswebsitearedoingsotodrinkit.Therestseeitasastoreofvalue.

Finewinesaretradedprivately,atauctionsorthroughexchangeslikeLiv-ex,wheremembersbidforlistedcrus.Theequivalentofaninitialpublicofferingcomeswhenestatesreleasetheirlatestvintages.Thewineworldalsohasassetmanagers,whichbuyandsellhundredsof