翻译三级笔译综合能力模拟9

翻译三级笔译综合能力模拟9ⅠVocabularyandGrammarThissectionconsistsofthreeparts.Readthedirectionsforeach（江南博哥）partbeforeansweringthequestions.Part1VocabularySelectionInthispart,thereare20incompletesentences.Beloweachsentence,therearefourwordsorphrasesrespectivelymarkedbylettersA,B,CandD.Choosethewordorphrasewhichbestcompleteseachsentence.Thereisonlyonerightanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourMachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.1.

InHongKong,doctorsreportedthat,forunclearreasons,12recovered$ARSpatientshad______weeksaftertheyhadbeendischarged-spurringfearsthatpeoplemightbeinfectiousevenafterthey'dleftisolation.A.recoveredB.relapsedC.reexaminedD.re-diagnosed正确答案：B

2.

Currentdemographictrends,suchasthefallinthebirthrate,shouldfavor______economicgrowthinthelongrun.A.slowB.quickenedC.speededD.accelerated正确答案：D

3.

Allstudentshavefree______tothelibrary.A.passagewayB.entranceC.permissionD.access正确答案：D

4.

Columbushadaccomplishedoneofthemostamazingandcourageous______inhistory.A.performanceB.featsC.eventsD.acts正确答案：B

5.

Accordingtotheweatherforecast,whichisusually______,itwillsnowthisafternoon.A.exactB.preciseC.perfectD.accurate正确答案：D

6.

Thejanitor'slongservicewiththecompanywas______apresent.A.confirmedbyB.recordedwithC.appreciatedbyD.acknowledgedwith正确答案：D

7.

Whattheynevertakeintoaccountisthefrazzledwomanwhoisleadinga______life-tryingtobeagoodmotherwhilehavingtopretendatworkthatshedoesn'thavekidsatall.A.doubleB.hardC.two-wayD.miserable正确答案：A

8.

Untilthefinalvotesarecast,though,assurances______fornothing.A.countB.meantC.giveD.account正确答案：A

9.

Somephilosophersinsistthatonewayto______knowledgeisthroughanempiricalapproach.A.disseminateB.classifyC.testD.acquire正确答案：D

10.

Ifyouthinkherexperienceis______,wewillemployher.A.sustainableB.adequateC.strongD.positive正确答案：B

11.

Thetroubleisthatnotmanystudentsreallyknowhowtomakeuseoftheirtimetoitsbest______.A.benefitB.advantageC.valueD.profit正确答案：B

12.

Readers______happyendingsmayfindtheunvarnishedviewofmodemmother-hoodabitunsettling.A.fondB.preferredC.adaptedtoD.accustomedto正确答案：D

13.

Theexplorertoldtheboysabouthis______intheAfricanforests.A.storiesB.voyageC.adventuresD.trips正确答案：C

14.

Wewereworking______timetogeteverythingreadyfortheexhibition.A.againstB.inC.onD.ahead正确答案：A

15.

Hedrovefastandarrivedanhour______schedule.A.inadvanceB.beforeC.byD.aheadof正确答案：D

16.

Ifyouhearthefire______,leavethebuildingquickly.A.warningB.alarmC.signalD.bell正确答案：B

17.

Thetroopshavebeenonthe______forapossibleenemyattack.A.alarmB.alertC.warningD.notice正确答案：B

18.

Althoughhispeopledidnot______hisefforts,hekepttrying.A.agreewithB.applytoC.approveofD.consentwith正确答案：C

19.

Picasso's______abilitywasapparentinhisearlyyouthwhenhestarteddrawingsketches.A.writingB.artisticC.reasoningD.literary正确答案：B

20.

Wehopethatthemeasurestocontrolprices,______takenbythegovernment,willsucceed.A.whenB.sinceC.afterD.as正确答案：D

Part2VocabularyReplacementThispartconsistsof15sentencesinwhichonewordorphraseisunderlined.Beloweachsentence,therearefourchoicesrespectivelymarkedbylettersA,B,CandD.YouaretoselecttheONEchoicethatcanreplacetheunderlinedwordwithoutcausinganygrammaticalerrororchangingtheprincipalmeaningofthesentence.Thereisonlyonerightanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourMachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.1.

Shebustledaboutwithanassumptionofauthority.A.airB.suppositionC.appearanceD.face正确答案：A

2.

Tabletennisiseasytolearn,and,bythesametoken,boysdon'tneedalotofspacetopracticeit.A.bythesameruleB.symbolicallyC.moreoverD.bylogic正确答案：C

3.

Theoldmansatbeforethefireinatrance,thinkingofhispastfife.A.inaspecialpositionB.inacozystateC.inasleepystateD.inameditativestate正确答案：D

4.

Onlytheēliteofsocietyattendedthereceptionforthenewgovernor.A.thosethoughtofasthebestpeopleB.theintellectualsC.thewhite-collarpeopleD.theofficials正确答案：A

5.

Sheembellishedthesimpledresswithcolorfulembroidery.A.madeB.decoratedC.sewedD.improved正确答案：B

6.

Hefeltcheapaboutrushingtogetinlinebeforetheoldladycarryingheavyparcels.A.feltinferiorandashamedB.feltnotworthwhileofdoingsomethingC.feltbadaboutdoingsomethingD.feltunhappyaboutdoingsomething正确答案：A

7.

Onlyindividualbenefactorsandadhocgrantshavemadepossibletheecologicalsurveysalreadyundertaken.A.additionalB.governmentalC.specialD.organizational正确答案：C

8.

Thedichotomypostulatedbymanybetweenmoralityandinterests,betweenidealismandrealism,isoneofthestandardclichēsoftheongoingdebateoverinternationalaffairs.A.divisionintotwopartsB.combinationoftwopartsC.disparityD.contradiction正确答案：A

9.

Miguel'sperplexityisunderstandable-he'sanall-purposemaintenancemanatamid-town-Manhattanresidentialbuilding.A.alloutB.versatileC.prolificD.capable正确答案：B

10.

Takethestalematebetweentheadministrationandtheoilcompaniesforexample.A.caseB.deadlockC.conflictD.contradiction正确答案：B

11.

Thesenseofmistrustiscompoundedbysmallerannoyancesthatleavethefamiliesfeelingasthoughnooneinauthoritycaresaboutthem.A.offsetB.intensifiedC.diminishedD.annulled正确答案：B

12.

Theveryubiquityofelectroniccommunicationscanhaveasurprisingdownside,notesRichardKohn,amilitaryhistorianattheUniversityofNorthCarolina:awirebecomesaccustomedtofrequentemailfromherhusband,untilhecan'tgettoacomputer.Andthenheranxietyincreases.A.failureB.undersideC.drawbackD.consequence正确答案：C

13.

ThePresidenttookadrubbingfrommuchofthepresswhichhadbreathlesslyreportedthatadealwasinthebag.A.wassuretobemadeB.wasbeingconsideredC.wastheirsecretweaponD.wastheirlastresort正确答案：A

14.

Thisreflectstheprioritybeingattachedtoeconomicoverpoliticalactivity,partlycausedbyagrowingreluctancetoenteracallingblightedbyrelentlesspublicitythatalltoooftenendsindestroyingcareersandreputations.A.divinesummonsB.politicalcareerC.professionD.businesstransaction正确答案：C

15.

Ifyoucan'tdigintothefieldyouhavechosenforyourpursuit,itishardlypossibleforyoutoachieveanythingsignificantinthefield.A.acquireB.requireC.accompanyD.accomplish正确答案：D

Part3CorrectingGrammaticalErrorsThispartconsistsof15sentencesinwhichthereisanunderlinedpartthatindicatesagrammaticalerror.Beloweachsentence,therearefourchoicesrespectivelymarkedbylettersA,B,CandD.YouaretoselecttheONEchoiceandreplacetheunderlinedelement(s)sothattheerroriserasedandcorrected.Thereisonlyonerightanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourMachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.1.

Justlastweek,forexample,theWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)announcedthedisturbingdisclosurethatSARSmaybeprettydeadlierthanpreviouslybelieved.A.veryB.farC.especiallyD.none正确答案：B

2.

Whatdistinguishedherintheothergirlswasherpeculiarhairstyle.A.toB.fromC.thanD.with正确答案：B

3.

Duringmanysectorsarefoundering,the$21billionvideogame-softwareindustryisbooming,addinggamedevelopersatarateof2,500ayearintheUnitedStatesalone.A.WhenB.WhereasC.WouldD.While正确答案：D

4.

Nosuchweaponswereusedandnonebeenfound.A.nonehavebeenB.nonehasC.nootherhasbeenD.noothersbeen正确答案：A

5.

Nothingfuelscynicismforwatchingtwotitanicinstitutionssquabbleovertheirreputations.A.No...asB.Something...likeC.Nothing...likeD.No...than正确答案：C

6.

Iseefourkindsofpressureworkingoncollegestudentstoday:economicpressure,parentalpressure,peerpressure,butself-inducedpressure.A.andB.orC.NilD.with正确答案：A

7.

Thesalesmanagerofthecompanysuggestedmoremoneyistospentinamoreeffectiveadvertisingcampaignandbetterpackagingdesign.A.isspendingonB.willbespentinC.willbespentonD.bespenton正确答案：D

8.

Accordingtosomescientists,thecomputerwilldomuchharmtopeople'shealthassmokinganddragsdo.A.doesmuchharm...smokingB.willdoasmuchharm...cigarettesC.willbedoingasmuchharm...smokingD.doesasmuchharm...cigarettes正确答案：B

9.

ThegeneralmanagerdemandedthejobwillbecompletedbeforetheNationalDay.A.wouldbecompletedB.mustbecompletedC.hadtobecompletedD.becompleted正确答案：D

10.

Inhisspeechattheconference,theChairmansolemnlystatedthattheresponsibilitytoourlivesandthekindofworldinthatweliveisoursandoursalone.A.for...inwhichB.off...forwhichC.of...inwhichD.for...onwhich正确答案：A

11.

Iknewnothingofthemotivesbehindhisrecentmove,andIdon'tknoweitherthepersontoputhimuptotheaction.A.nordidIknow...whoB.notdidIknow...thatC.nordoIknow...thatD.eitherdidIknow...who正确答案：A

12.

Theachievementsofthegreatestmindsinsciencecouldneverhavebeenreachedifithadnotbeenforthepatientandaccurateworkofhundredsofotherpeople.A.hasitnotbeenB.ifithadbeenC.ifhasn'tbeenD.haditnotbeen正确答案：D

13.

Thegovernmenthashardlytakenmeasurestocrackdownonthesecrimeswhennewonesoccurred.A.HardlyhadthegovernmenttakenB.ThegovernmenthadhardlytakenC.HardlythegovernmenthadtakenD.Thegovernmentishardlytaking正确答案：A

14.

Icanstillvividlyremembertopickourstepsinthemountaindownthedeepvalleyonmy21stbirthday.A.picking..,inthemountainsB.picking...onthemountainC.havingpicked...fromthemountainsD.picking...fromthemountains正确答案：D

15.

Thetrafficpolicestoppedthreetrucksheavilyloadingwithmerchandisethatlookedasgrainbags.A.thatwereloading...likeB.loadedwith...likeC.toloadwith...forD.loadedwith...for正确答案：B

ⅡReadingComprehensionThispartconsistsof15sentencesinwhichonewordorphraseisunderlined.Beloweachsentence,therearefourchoicesrespectivelymarkedbylettersA,B,CandD.YouaretoselecttheONEchoicethatcanreplacetheunderlinedwordwithoutcausinganygrammaticalerrororchangingtheprincipalmeaningofthesentence.Thereisonlyonerightanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourMachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.

Asviewedfromspace,theEarth'sdistinguishingcharacteristicsareitsbluewatersandwhiteclouds.Envelopedbyanoceanofairconsistingof78%nitrogenand21%oxygen,theplanetistheonlyoneinoursolarsystemknowntoharborlife.CirclingtheSunatanaveragedistanceof149millionkm(93millionmiles),theEarthisthethirdplanetfromtheSunandthefifthlargestplanetinthesolarsystem.Itsrapidandmoltennickel-ironcoregiverisetoanextensivemagneticfieldwhich,coupledwiththeatmosphere,shieldsusfromnearlyalloftheharmfulradiationcomingfromtheSunandotherstars.MostmeteorsburnupintheEarth'satmospherebeforetheycanstrikethesurface.Theplanet'sactivegeologicalprocesseshaveleftnoevidenceoftheancientpeltingitalmostcertainlyreceivedsoonafteritwasformed.TheEarthhasasinglenaturalsatellite-theMoon.1.

ApproximatelyhowmuchoftheEarth'satmosphereisnitrogen?A.One-fourthB.One-halfC.Three-fourthsD.Allofit正确答案：C

2.

WhichofthefollowinghelpstocreatetheEarth'smagneticfields?A.Itsbluewaters.B.Itsnitrogenatmosphere.C.Itsmoltenmetalcore.D.TheMoon.正确答案：C

3.

WhattwofactorshelpprotecttheEarthfromradiation?A.MagneticfieldandatmosphereB.Rapidspinandmolteniron-nickelcoreC.TheSunandtheMoonD.Bluewatersandwhiteclouds正确答案：A

4.

WhydoestheEarthshowalmostnosignsofhavingbeenhitbynumerousmeteorsinthepast?A.Humanshavebuiltovermostofthecraters.B.Mostmeteorsfellintotheoceanandnotonland.C.TheEarth'smagneticfieldrepelledmostmeteors.D.TheEarth'snaturalgeologicactivityhaseliminatedmosttraces.正确答案：D

5.

ThemainideaofthispassageisthatA.therearelife-supportingcharacteristicsontheEarth.B.theEarthispredominantlywater.C.theEarthhasnocommoncharacteristicswithotherplanets.D.theEarthistheonlyplanetwithamoon.正确答案：C

6.

ThisselectionleadsonetobelievethatA.TheEarthnevergetshitbymeteors.B.TheEarthalwaysgetshitbymeteors.C.TheEarthwashitbymeteorssometimeinthepast.D.TheEarthmaybebombardedbymeteorsinthenearfuture.正确答案：C

Sincelifebeganeonsago,thousandsofcreatureshavecomeandgone.Some,suchasthedinosaurs,becameextinctduetonaturallychangingecologicconditions.Morerecentthreatstolifeformsarehumansandtheiractivities.Manhasdrainedmarshes,burnedprairies,dammedanddivertedrivers.Someofthemorerecentcasualtiesofman'sexpansionhavebeenthedodo,greatauk,passengerpigeon,Irishelk,andSteller'sseacow.Sadly,wecannolongerattributetheincreasingdeclineinourwildanimalsandplantspeciesto"natural"processes.Manyspeciesaredyingoutbecauseofexploitation,habitatalterationordestruction,pollution,ortheintroductionofnewspeciesofplantsandanimalstoanarea.AsmandatedbyCongress,protectingendangeredspecies,andrestoringthemtothepointwheretheirexistenceisnolongerjeopardized,istheprimaryobjectiveoftheU.S.FishandWilidlifeService'sEndangeredSpeciesProgram.7.

Whichofthefollowingisaformofman'shabitatalteration?A.GlacialencroachmentB.HurricanesC.DammedriversD.Snowstorms正确答案：C

8.

Whichofthefollowinghasbecomeextinctduetoman'sdestruction?A.AfricanelephantB.IrishelkC.GiantpandaD.WhiteBengal正确答案：B

9.

Whichofthefollowingwouldbealikelythemeforthenextparagraph?A.NaturallychangingecologicalconditionsB.AnimalsthathavebecomeextinctC.AchievementsofthegovernmentEndangeredSpeciesProgramD.Programsthathavedestroyednaturalhabitats正确答案：C

10.

ThetoneofthispassageisA.nationalistic.B.pro-wildlife.C.anti-wildlife.D.feminist.正确答案：B

11.

Accordingtothispassage,A.manisthecauseofsomeanimalextinction.B.animalsoftenbringabouttheirownextinction.C.Congresscanabsolutelyendextinctionofanimals.D.alawismoreimportantthanhumanresponsibility.正确答案：A

12.

WhichofthefollowingisNOTacauseofincreasingdeclineofwildanimalpopulation?A.ExploitationB.PollutionC.HabitatalterationD.Congressionallaw正确答案：D

The"Karat"markingonjewelrytellsyouwhatproportionofgoldismixedwithothermetals,ff14partsofgoldaremixedwith10partsofbasemetal,thecombinationiscalled14-Karat(14K)gold.ThehighertheKaratrating,thehighertheproportionofgoldintheobject.ThelowestKaratgoldthatcanbemarketedintheUnitedStatesis10-Karatgold.JewelrydoesnothavetobemarkedwithitsKaratquality,butmostofitis.ffthereisaKaratqualitymark,nexttoitmustbetheU.S.registeredtrademarkofthepersonorcompanythatwillstandbehindthemark,asrequiredbytheNationalGoldandSilverStampingAct.13.

Ifaringisstamped24K,ithasA.204partsofgold,B.24partsofgold.C.twoandfour-tenthspartsofgold.D.10partsofgold.正确答案：B

14.

Goldwhichis10KaratsmproportionA.representsthehighestgradeofgoldintheU.S.B.cannotbesoldintheU.S.C.nevercarriesaKaratqualitymark.D.representsthelowest-gradegoldmarketableintheU.S.正确答案：D

15.

IfgoldismarkedwithaKaratqualitymark,itmustalsoA.bearanationalgoldandsilverstamp.B.beartheregisteredtrademarkoftheentitystandingbehindthemark.C.beara"madeintheUSA"mark.D.bearapercentagemark.正确答案：B

16.

ifthejewelryismarked14partsofgoldmixedwith10partsofbasemetalitwillalwaysbearA.a14Kmark.B.a10Kmark.C.an18Kmark.D.aplatinummark.正确答案：A

17.

ThisparagraphservestheconsumerasA.importantbuyinginformation.B.achallengetobuymoregold.C.adebateovergoldprices.D.adviceaboutbuyingsilver.正确答案：A

18.

TheStampingActisA.aregulationfortax.B.roleoflaw.C.alawthatmakessuchstampingmandate.D.animplement.正确答案：C

Mr.Faugelwasconvincedthatstudentnervousnesshadaffectedtheirscores;toreducetheanxietyofthesestudentswhohadalreadybeentested,hegave22ofthemabetablockerbeforereadministrationofthetest.Theirscoresimprovedsignificantly.Theother8students(whodidnotreceivethebetablockers)improvedonlyslightly.Second-timetest-takersnation-widehadaverageimprovementswhichweresimilartothoseinFaugel'snon-betablockergroup.Betablockersareprescriptiondrugswhichhavebeenaroundfor25years.Thesemedications,whichinterferewiththeeffectsofadrenalin,havebeenusedforheartconditionsandforminorstresssuchasstagefright.Nowtheyareusedfortestanxiety.Thesedrugsseemtohelptest-takerswhohavelowscoresbecauseoftestfright,butnotthosewhodonotknowthematerial.Sincetherecanbesideeffectsfromthesebetablockers,physiciansarenotreadytoprescribethemroutinelyforalltest-takers.19.

Whereistheonlyplaceapersoncanobtainbetablockers?A.SupermarketB.ConveniencestoreC.StationarystoreD.Doctor'soffice正确答案：D

20.

Whyarebetablockersnotprescribedregularly?A.Studentsareexpectedtodopoorly.B.Therearesideeffects.C.Thedrugsareonly25yearsold.D.Theycausetestanxiety.正确答案：B

21.

AccordingtothepassageA.allpeoplecantakebetablockers.B.betablockersamwidelyprescribed.C.betablockersworkonlyontestanxiety.D.betablockersworkonlytoimprovetestscoresifthetest-takertrulyknowsthematerial.正确答案：D

22.

"Re-administration"inthispassagereferstoA.givingthetestagaintopeoplewithoutadministeringbetablockers.B.givingthetestagainmbothgroupsafterbetablockershavebeenadministeredtoonegroup.C.givingthetesttobothgroupsoftest-takersandthengivingthembetablockers.D.givingthebetablockerswithoutretesting.正确答案：B

23.

WhatpossibleuseforbetablockerswasNOTdiscussedinthispassage?A.TestanxietyB.PainreliefC.MinorstressD.Heartconditions正确答案：B

24.

BetablockersworkonsomephysicalandemotionalsymptomsbecausetheyA.foolapersonintoahealthierstance.B.interferewiththeeffectsofadrenalin.C.producesideeffectsworsethanfinesymptoms.D.primarilychangehumanthoughtprocesses.正确答案：B

25.

Faugel'sresearchshowedthatbetablockersgiventohissampleA.increasedscoreslessthanthenationalaverage.B.increasedscoresthesameasthenationalaverage.C.decreasedscores.D.increasedscoresmuchmorethanthenationalaverage.正确答案：D

Duringthepastthreeyears,thestaffmembersoftheSmithsonianInstitution'sFamilyFolkloreProjecthaveinterviewedhundredsofpersonsabouttheirfamilyfolklore.TopreparefortheseinterviewswedrewuponouracademicbackgroundsinfolkloreandAmericanstudies,anduponourpersonalbackgroundsasmembersoffamilies,inaddition,wereviewedthemajorinstructionguidesingenealogy,oralhistory,familyhistory,andfolklorefieldwork.Althoughthesepublicationswereallhelpfulinsomeway,nosinglebookwascompletelyadequatesincefamilyfolklorecombinesaspectsofalltheabovedisciplines.Overtimewehavedevelopedguidelinesandquestionsthathaveprovensuccessfulforus;wehopethatthefollowingsuggestionswillbehelpfultoanyonewhowishestocollectthefolkloreofhisorherownfamily.26.

Whatwouldbethetopicoftheparagraphthatwouldfollowthisone?A.HowtogatherfamilyfolkloreB.HistoryoftheSmithsohianInstitutionC.AdescriptionofgenealogyD.Usefulbooksonfamilyfolklore正确答案：A

27.

Whatcanbeinferredabouttheresearcherswhoconductedtheinterviews?A.Theyweremathematiciansandphysicists.B.Theywerehistoriansandsociologists.C.Theyhadchildren.D.Theywrotebooks.正确答案：B

28.

ThepurposeofthispassageistoA.motivateB.berateC.instructD.cajole正确答案：C

29.

TheassumptionofthispassageisthatA.anyonecansuccessfullyinterviewpeopleabouttheirfamilyfolklorewithoutpriortraining.B.AmericanhistoryisinherentinthefamilyfolkloreofAmericans.C.AmericanhistoryandfolkloreofAmericanshavenoconnections.D.noguidelinesareneededintheinterviews.正确答案：B

30.

Accordingtothepassage,whichkindofinstructionalguidewasNOTconsultedasasource?A.ClinicalsociologyB.GenealogyguidesC.OralhistoryD.Folklorefieldwork正确答案：A

Everysummer,JeanPiagetretreatstohiscabinintheAlps,wherehespendsmostofhisdaysanalyzingthemassofresearchdatageneratedoverthepastyearathisCenterforGeneticEpistemology.Duringlongwalksalongthemountaintrails,hemullsoverthelatestexperimentalresults,andinthecoolmountainevenings,heformulateshisconclusions.Withtheapproachoffall,hewilldescendfromthemountain,manuscriptforabookandseveraljournalarticlesinhand.Thistime-honoredprocedureofcarefulobservationfollowedbyseclusionforthoughtandsynthesis,hasenabledhimtobecomethemostprolific,ifnotthemostfamouspsychologistofthecentury.

Piagethasonlybeenwidelyknowninthiscountrysincethe1960s,whenhisworksweretranslatedfromtheiroriginalFrench.ButhehasbeenrecognizedasanexpertinthefieldofcognitivedevelopmentinEuropesincethe1930s.Infact,Piaget'spublishingcareercanbetracedtotheyear1906,whenasachildoften,hepublishedhiscarefulnotesonthehabitsofanalbinosparrowheobservednearhishomeinSwitzerland.Afterhisprecociousdebutasanornithologist,hetookanafterschooljobatthelocalnaturalhistorymuseum,soonbecominganexpertonmollusks.Attheageofsixteenhewasrecommendedforacurator'spositionatthenaturalhistorymuseuminGeneva,butdeclinedinfavorofcontinuinghiseducation.

HestudiednaturalscienceattheUniversityofNeuchatel,obtaininghisdoctorateattheageoftwenty-one.Hisreadingsinphilosophystimulatedanintenseinterestinepistemology-thestudyofhumansacquireknowledge.Convincedthatcognitivedevelopmenthadageneticbasis.Piagetdecidedthatthebestwaytoapproachepistemologywouldbethroughitsbehavioralandbiologicalcomponents.Psychologyappearedtobethedisciplinethatbestincorporatedthisapproach.31.

Accordingtothepassage,PiagetwenttothemountainseverysummertoA.collectdataforhisresearch.B.avoidthecityheatandenjoythecoolweather.C.liveinhiscabinwherehecouldanalyzethedatahecollectedthere.D.analyzehisresearchdatahehadcollectedbefore.正确答案：D

32.

ThedataPiagetwasanalyzinginhiscabinintheAlpswasmostlyconcerningA.hisfindingsofthewildlifeinthemountains.B.hisexperimentsontheplantsandwildlifeinthemountains.C.hispastexperimentsonhowhumanbeingsobtaintheirknowledge.D.hisworkingexperienceathisCenter.正确答案：C

33.

Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Whentheweatherbecamecool,hewentdownthemountainandstartedwritingbooksandarticles.B.Whentheweatherwashot,hewentupthemountainandbeganwriting.C.Whentheweatherwascool,hetooklongwalksonthemountaintrails.D.Helikedtowalkinthecoolevening,thinkingabouthisexperiments.正确答案：A

34.

Accordingtothepassage,PiagetmusthavepublishedA.severalarticlesonhisobservationofsparrows.B.afewbooksandarticlesonthedatahehadcollected.C.avarietyofbooksandarticlesonhisexperiments.D.agreatmanybooksandarticlesonhisobservationsandresearch.正确答案：D

35.

Piaget'smainacademicinterestwasinA.howhumanbeingslearnthroughobservations.B.thegeneticandcognitivebasisforhumans'cognitivedevelopment.C.analyzingresearchdatathroughscientificmethod.D.behaviorists'viewsonacquiringknowledge.正确答案：B

36.

PiagetcanbebestregardedasapsychologistwhoA.emphasizesthementalprocesses.B.stressestheimportanceofthebiologicalbasis.C.placesmoreemphasisonthebehavioralcomponents.D.seesobservationsasbeingmoreimportantthanothers.正确答案：A

MyViewsonGambling

Mostoflifeisagamble.Verymanyofthethingswedoinvolvetakingsomeriskinordertoachieveasatisfactoryresult.Weundertakeanewjobwithnoideaofthemoreindirectconsequencesofouraction.Marriageiscertainlyagambleandsoisthebringingintoexistenceofchildren,whocouldprovesadliabilities.Ajourney,abusinesstransaction,evenachanceremarkmayresultimmediatelyorultimatelyintragedy.Perpetuallywegamble-againstlife,destiny,chance,theunknown,calltheinvisibleopponentwhatwewill.Humansurvivalandprogressindicatethatusuallywewin.

Sothegamblinginstinctmustbeanelementalone.Takingriskstoachievesomethingisacharacteristicofallformsoflife,includinghumanity.Assoonasmanacquiredproperty,thechallengehehabituallyissuedtodestinyfoundanadditionalexpressioninahumancontest.Earlymaywellhavestakedhisflintaxe,hisbearskin,hiswife,inthehopeofaddingtohispossessions.Theacquirementofdesirablebutnonessentialcommoditiesmusthaveincreasedhisscopeenormously,whiletheriskofcompletedisasterlessened.

Solongasmanwasgamblingagainstdestiny,theoddswereusuallyinhisfavor,especiallywhenheusedcommonsense.Butasthemethodsofgamblingmultiplied,thechancesofsuccessdecreased.Awageragainstonepersonofferedonaverageevenchancesandnothirdpartyprofitedbythetransaction.Butassoonascommercializedcitylifedeveloped,massgamblingbecomecommon.Thousandsofpeoplenowcompeteforlargeprizes,butwithonlyminutechancesofsuccess,whiletheorganizersofgamblingconcernsenjoybigprofitswith,insomecases,noriskatall.Fewclientsofthebettingshops,footballpools,statelotteries,bingosessions,evencharityraffles,realizefullytheflimsinessoftheirchancesandthefactthatwithoutfantasticlucktheyarecertaintoloseratherthangain.

Littleirreparableharmresultsforthenormalindividual.Thatbigbusinessprofitsfromthesatisfactionofahumaninstinctisacommonenoughphenomenon.Theaveragewage-earner,wholeadsacolorlessexistence,devotesasmallpercentageofhisearningstokeepingalivewithextraordinaryconst