翻译三级笔译综合能力分类模拟题语态(一)

翻译三级笔译综合能力分类模拟题语态(一)Ⅰ．Grammar:VoiceMultipleChoices1.

He______intheemergencyroomwhenIarriveda（江南博哥）tthehospital.A.hasbeentreatingB.hastreatedC.hadtreatedD.wasbeingtreated正确答案：D

2.

I'lltakedownyournameandaddressincaseyou______asawitness.A.areneededB.haveneededC.needD.wereneeded正确答案：A

3.

Thedecorationofthehall's______butit'snotyet______withlamps.A.furnished,finishedB.beenfinished,beenfurnishedC.beingfinished,beingfurnishedD.furnish,finish正确答案：B

4.

Largesumsofmoney______eachyearinpaintingthesteelworkofbridges,ships,andotherexposedstructures.A.havespentB.havetobespentC.havetospendD.havetobespending正确答案：B

5.

Peoplewhoseproperty______shouldreporttothepolice.A.hadstolenB.isbeingstolenC.hasbeenstolenD.hadbeenstolen正确答案：C

6.

Menandwomen______equalwagesforequaljobsinChina．A.arepaidB.paidC.beingpaidD.tobepaid正确答案：A

7.

Anewbigoilfieldisreported______inthewestofthecountry.A.tohavebeenfoundB.tobefoundC.foundD.havingbeenfound正确答案：A此句中,bereportedtodosth.是固定用法；此处用完成被动式bereportedtohavebeendone更符合句意。

此句中两处's皆为has的缩略形式，所以用现在完成时的被动形式。

8.

Thedoctorsaidthatthepatienthad______atonce.A.tooperateB.tobeoperatedC.tooperateonD.tobeoperatedon正确答案：D

9.

WhenIreturnedhomefromalongjourney,Ifoundmyhouse______.A.hadbeenbrokeninB.wasbrokenintoC.hadbrokeninD.hadbrokeninto正确答案：A

10.

Theriotissaid______bythegovernment'snegligenceofthepeople'swelfare.A.tohavebeencausedB.beingcausedC.tobecausedD.tocause正确答案：A

11.

Mostenvironmentalproblemsexistbecauseadequatemeasuresforpreventingthem______inthepast.A.wasnottakenB.werenottakenC.didn'ttakeD.haven'ttaken正确答案：B

12.

Bypromotingmoreevenincomedistributioninadevelopingcountry,alowerbirthratewill______.A.beachievedB.achieveC.havebeenachievedD.beachieving正确答案：A

13.

He______theleaderoftheModelGroupinourfactory.A.hasjustbeenappointedB.hasjustappointedC.justappointedD.hasjustbeingappointed正确答案：A

14.

He______toreturnearlierthan3o'clock.A.wasnotexpectedB.didnotexpectC.nottobeexpectedD.wasnotexpect正确答案：A

15.

Ifoundthatmycheatinginyesterday'sEnglishtest______tomyparentsthatveryevening.A.wasreportedB.hadbeenreportedC.hadreportedD.wasbeingreported正确答案：A

Ⅱ．ClozeTestSociology社会学Sociologyisasocialsciencethatstudies

1

societies,theirinteractions,andtheprocessesthat

2

andchangethem.Itdoesthisby

3

thedynamicsofconstituentpartsofsocieties

4

asinstitutions,communities,populations,andgender,racial,

5

agegroups.Sociologyalsostudiessocialstatus

6

stratification,socialmovements,andsocialchange,as

7

associetaldisorderintheformof

8

,deviance,andrevolution.Sociallifeoverwhelminglyregulates

9

behaviourofhumans,largelybecausehumanslack

10

instinctsthatguidemostanimalbehaviour.Humans

11

dependonsocialinstitutionsandorganizationsto

12

theirdecisionsandactions.Giventheimportant

13

organizationsplayininfluencinghumanaction,it

14

sociology'stasktodiscoverhoworganizationsaffect

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behaviourofpersons,howtheyareestablished,

16

organizationsinteractwithoneanother,howthey

17

,and,ultimately,howtheydisappear.Amongthe

18

basicorganizationalstructuresareeconomic,religious,educational,

19

politicalinstitutions,aswellasmorespecialized

20

suchasthefamily,thecommunity,themilitary,peergroups,clubs,andvolunteerassociations.1.

正确答案：HUMAN

2.

正确答案：PRESERVE

3.

正确答案：EXAMINING

4.

正确答案：SUCH

5.

正确答案：OR

6.

正确答案：OR

7.

正确答案：WELL

8.

正确答案：CRIME

9.

正确答案：THE

10.

正确答案：THE

11.

正确答案：THEREFORE

12.

正确答案：INFORM

13.

正确答案：ROLE

14.

正确答案：IS

15.

正确答案：THE

16.

正确答案：HOW

17.

正确答案：DECAY

18.

正确答案：MOST

19.

正确答案：AND

20.

正确答案：INSTITUTIONS

Ⅲ．ReadingComprehensionPassageOne

TheFederalGovernment联邦政府

TheConstitutionWhenAmericabrokeawayfromBritainin1775,shedidnotadoptaBritishConstitution.TheBritishhavealwayshadanunwrittenconstitution,whereaseveryitemoftheAmericanConstitutionisclearlywrittendownandnumbered,andcanonlybechangedbyatwo-thirdsmajorityvoteofCongress.

Yetintheirdifferentways,theAmericanandBritishformsofgovernmentdidhaveonethingincommon.TheywerebothdemocratiC．AsforAmericansociety,itwasmoredemocraticthanBritishsociety,inthatitpaidlessattentiontoclassorwealth.

PoliticalParties

TherearetwomajorpoliticalpartiesintheUSA,theDemocraticPartyandtheRepublicanParty.Thepoliciesofthetwopartiesarenotbasicallyopposedtooneanother.Insidebothpartiestheremoderatesandright-wringers,thoughtheDemocratsstillhavethereputationofbeingsomewhatmoreliberalthantheRepublicans.Votersareinfluencedbyfamilytraditions,butthereareplentyofordinarypeoplewhovoteaccordingtotheirhopes,fearsandbeliefs.

Therearenootherpoliticalpartiesthatcancompetewiththetwobigparties,thoughthereareoccasionallyindependentswhostandforthepresidencyandmanagetocollectquiteafewvotes.Therearenoleft-wingparties.MostAmericansareinfavoroffreeenterprise,believingthatitmayonedayhelpthemfulfilltheAmericanDream.

ThePresidentandCongress

ThePresidentoftheUSAhasmorepowerthananyotherpresidentinthedemocraticworld-excepttheFrenchPresident.Itishewhoformulatesforeignpolicyandprepareslawsforthehomefront.HeisleaderofthenationandCommander-in-ChiefoftheArmedForces.HerepresentstheUSAand,sincetheUSAisasuperpower,theeyesofthewholeworldareonhim.Thefateoftheworldisinhishands,orsomanypeoplebelieve,andonecareless,ill-preparedspeechbyhimcouldprecipitateacrises.

Actually,agreatdealofthePresident'spoweriscontrolledbyCongress,theAmericannamefor"parliament".ItisCongressthatdeclareswar,notthePresident.UnlikethePrimeMinisterofGreatBritain,orofGermany,hecanmakeatreatywithaforeignpower.ButthistreatymustbedebatedandagreedbyCongressbeforeitcomesintoforce.Thesamecontrolappliestolawsathome.Congresshas(onseveraloccasions)refusedtoratifytreatiesorgivenapprovaltolawsproposedbythePresident.TheUSAistheonlycountry,apartfromFrance,whereapresidentcanrulewithaparliament,themajorityofwhosemembersdonotbelongtohisownpoliticalparty.

SomeAmericanshavethefeelingthatidealismhasgoneoutofpoliticsandthatpersonalambitionandmoneyhavetakenitsplace.TheelectioncampaignfrothePresidencyisuniqueintheamountofmoneypouredintoit.Thewooingofvoterslastsformonths.ButbeforethecampaignfortheelectionofthePresidentcanbegin,eachpoliticalpartyhastochooseitscandidateforthePresidency.Thiscanleadtosomeveryclosecontests.Menaspiringtobeelectedasthepartycandidateemploytoppublicrelationsandadvertisingmen,whoinventclevercatchphrasesandsetabout"selling"theirman.Therearewhistlestoptoursbytrain,byplane,bycar.Thecandidatedeliverscountlessspeechesandshakescountlesshands.ThisrazzamatazztypifiesAmericanenthusiasmandextravagance.

Bigmoneyisnecessarytosupportapresidentialcandidate'scampaignandthecandidatehimselfmustberichenoughtopayhisshare.Anattractivewifeisanadvantage,too.MoneyisalsoneededtobecometheGovernorofastate,orasuccessfulSenator,ormemberoftheHouseofRepresentatives.YetfromthissmallgroupmanyexcellentmenhavebecomePresident,andthesameistrueofmembersofCongress.

ItisveryunlikelythatthePresidentcouldeverbecomeadictator.Congress,thepressandthepeoplebetweenthemruleoutsuchapossibility.

TheSupremeCourt

PerhapsthemosteffectivesafeguardofdemocracyistheSupremeCourt,foroneofitsobjectsistoprotecttheindividualagainstthegovernment.IthastheauthoritytocancelalawwhichitconsidersviolatestheConstitution.TheCourtsitsforatleastfourdaysaweekandanyindividualwhohasagrievanceagainstthegovernmentcanapplytoitforhelp.

TheSupremeCourtgoeswaybackto1787,thedaysoftheFoundingFathers,andisoneofthecornerstonesofAmericandemocracy.ItgivesjudgementindisputesbetweenStates,orbetweenaStateandtheFederalGovernment,andwithoutinvitationcandeclarealawmadebyCongresstobeunconstitutional.ThegreatJefferson,whodrewuptheDeclarationofIndependence,sawtoit,too,thattherewasaBillofRightswhicheveryAmericancouldthrustunderthenoseofanyonewhotriestorobhimofhisfreedomasademocraticcitizen.1.

OnethingincommonbetweentheAmericanandBritishformofgovernmentisthattheywereboth______.A.constitutionalB.unconstitutionalC.democraticD.interestedinclassandwealth正确答案：C

2.

EveryitemoftheAmericanconstitutionis______.A.notnumberedB.notwrittendownC.challengedbya2/3majorityofCongressD.clearlywrittendownandnumbered正确答案：D

3.

AmericansocietywasmoredemocraticthanBritishsociety,inthat______.A.itpaidlessattentiontoclassandwealthB.ithadmoreliberalpartiesC.itwelcomedsocialismaswellascapitalismD.voterswereneverinfluencedbyfamilytraditions正确答案：A

4.

ThePresidentrepresentstheUSAandonecareless,andill-preparedspeechwould______.A.bringhimanillreputationB.deprivehimofallthepowerherepresentsC.bringaboutacrisisintheworldD.shocktheworldintothewar正确答案：C

5.

WhichofthefollowingcanpreventthePresidentfromdoingexactlywhathelikes.?A.Congress.B.TheArmedForces.C.Thepressandthepeople.D.Congress,thepressandthepeople.正确答案：A

PassageTwo

MassProtestDecriesBushAbortionPolicies群众抗议谴责布什的堕胎政策

byDeborahZabarenko

WASHINGTON(Reuters)—ProtesterscrowdedtheNationalMallonSundaytoshowsupportforabortionrightsandoppositiontoBushadministrationpoliciesonwomen'shealthissuesinoneofthebiggestdemonstrationsinUShistory.

Therewasnoofficialcrowdcount,butorganizersclaimedmorethan1millionpeopleparticipateD．

Pink-andpurple-shirtedprotestersraisedsignsreading"FighttheRadicalRight","KeepAbortionLegal"and"USOutOfMyUterus"andcoveredtheMallfromthefootofCapitolHilltothebaseoftheWashingtonMonument.

SpeakersrangedfromactressesWhoopiGoldberg,AshleyJuddandKathleenTurnertophilanthropistTedTurner,feministiconGloriaSteinemandformerSecretaryofStateMadeleineAlbright.

Goldbergraisedawirecoathanger—asymbolofillegalabortionsinthedaysbeforetheSupremeCourt's1973Roevs.Waderulingrecognizingabortionrights—andtoldthecrowd,"Weareonevoteawayfromgoingbacktothis!"

Shewasreferringtothenine-memberhighcourt,whichhasfrequentlydecidedabortion-relatedcasesonafive-fourvote.

Theabortionissuewasthecenterpieceofthemarch'sbroadprotestagainstthepoliciesofPresidentBush,includinghisstanceonfundinginternationalfamilyplanning.NoUSfundsmaybeusedforanyfamilyplanningagencythatmentionsabortiontopatients.

"VoteThatSmirkOutofOffice,"wasacharacteristicallypoliticalplacardtargetingBush,butDorothySmith,76,ofEldridge,Missouri,carriedanemblemshemadeherself—awirecoathangerdrapedwithasignreading"NeverAgain."

"Icanrememberwhenabortionwasjustascommonasitisnow,butitkilledalotofwomen,"SmithsaiD．

Majorsponsorsincludedstalwartsoftheabortionrightsmovement______NARALPro-ChoiceAmerica,FeministMajority,NationalOrganizationforWomen,PlannedParenthoodFederationofAmerica—aswellastheAmericanCivilLibertiesUnion,theBlackWomen'sHealthImperativeandtheNationalLatinaInstituteforReproductiveHealth.

Some1,400groupsattendedtheevent,includinganinternationalcontingentwithmarchersfrom57countries.Thereweremedicalstudentswhocarriedsignssayingtheyplannedtobethenextgenerationofabortionproviders,andtherewasaTexasgroupmarchingbehindabannerthatread,"OldBroadsforChoice."

AsthemarchwoundfromtheMalltowardtheWhiteHouseandthenturnedontoPennsylvaniaAvenueandtowardCapitolHill,abortionrightsgroupsencounteredantiabortionprotesters.

Theseprotesterscarriedpostersshowingphotographsoffetusesateightweeksgestationandsignsreading"AbortionkillsBabies."

Marchorganizersclaimeddoubletheturnoutofthelastbigabortionrightsmarchin1992,whichdrew500,000,accordingtotheUSParkPolice,whonolongergivesofficialcrowdcounts.Thebiggestdemonstrationwasananti-VietnamWarrallyin1969,whichdrew600,000.ThelargestgatheringontheNationalMallwasthe1976USbicentennialcelebration.

ThoughthemarchwasbilledasnonpartisanandincludedacontingentcalledRepublicansforChoice,muchoftheday'srhetoricwasplainlyaimedatBush,aRepublicanwhoopposesabortioninmostcases.

DemocraticpresidentialcandidateJohnKerryvowedonFridaytochampionabortionrightsifelecteD．HereceivedtheendorsementofPlannedParenthood'sActionFund,theorganization'spoliticalfund-raisingann.

NeitherBushnorKerryattendedthemarch,butUSSen.HillaryRodhamCfinton,aNewYorkDemocratandformerfirstlady,drewroarsofapprovalwhensheexhortedthecrowdtoregistertovote.Volunteerswereonhandtoregisternewvoters.

Bushaddressedananti-abortionmarchinJanuary,sayingtheefforttooverturntheSupremeCourt's1973Roev.Waderuling,whichrecognizedarighttoabortion,was"noblecause."1.

Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Governmentofficialsestimatedthatmorethanonemillionpeopleparticipatedinthedemonstration.B.Thepolicecountedthenumberofpeoplewhoparticipatedinthedemonstrationasmorethanonemillion.C.Theorganizerscalledonmorethanonemillionpeopletoparticipateinthedemonstration.D.Accordingtotheorganizersofthedemonstration,thereweremorethanonemillionpeoplewhotookpartinthedemonstration.正确答案：D

2.

SpeakersatthedemonstrationincludedGloriaSteinemwho______.A.isawomanwhosejobistodesigniconsforcomputersoftwareB.isawomanwhommanyfemalepeopleadmireC.islookedasasymbolforwomen'srightsmovementD.islookedasapersonadoredbythosewhoareactiveinwomen'srightsmovement正确答案：C

3.

Bysaying"Weareonevoteawayfromgoingbacktothis"Goldbergmeantthat______.A.onlyonevotemayleadusthesituationafter1973whenabortionwasconsideredasbelongingtowomen'schoiceB.weareveryclosetotheoldsituationbefore1973whenabortionwasconsideredasillegalC.weneedonemorevotetosupportBush'spoliciesconcerningwomen'shealthD.weneedonemorevotetoopposeBush'santi-abortionpolicy正确答案：B

4.

WhichofthefollowingisNOTcorrectaccordingtothepassage?A.ThecrowdconsistedofpeoplewhowereagainstBush'santi-abortionpolicy.B.ThecrowdconsistedofpeoplebothforandagainstBush'santi-abortionpolicy.C.InthemarchtherewasagroupofpeoplefromorsupportingtheRepublicanParty.D.ThegeneralmessageofthedemonstrationwasopposingtheRepublicangovernment'spoliciesonwomen'shealthissues.正确答案：A

5.

Accordingtothispassage,Bush'santi-abortionstancewasmostclearlyshown______.A.inthelastparagraphB.bythetitleofthepassageC.inDorothySmith'swordsD.inJohnKerry'swords正确答案：A

PassageThree

RisingPricesCauseHouse"Apartheid"涨价导致房屋的“种族隔离”

TheGovernmenthasadmittedthatsoaringhousepriceshaveleftpeopleonaverageincomes,suchasteachersandnurses,lockedoutofbuyingtheirfirsthomesacrosslargepartsofsouthernEngland,includingLondonandmostoftheSouthEast.

AspokeswomanfortheDeputyPrimeMinister,JohnPrescott,admittedlastnightthattherewasnowaneffective"housingapartheid",withpeopleintheirownhomespullingfurtherandfurtherawayfromthoseyettogetonthepropertyladder.

Withhousepricesrisingatbetween15and20percentayear,incomes,whicharerisingatbetween5and10percentayear,cannotkeepup.

"Increasinghousingsupplyisanationalpriority.InlargeareasofthewiderSouthEast,housepurchaseremainsoutofreachforfamilieswithaveragehouseholdincomes,"theofficialsaid．

Anewreportouttomorrowwillrevealthefullscaleofthehousingcrisis.ThestudybyCambridgeUniversityforthehousingcharityShelterrevealsthattheGovernmentwillneedtospend￡3.5billionayeartosolvethehousingproblem.

Morethan50,000newhomesareneededeveryyeartohelppeopleonlowerincomestohavetheirownhomes.By2014acitythesizeofLeedswillneedtobebuilt.

Criticspointoutthat,withoutthemoney,millionsofpeopleemployedinthepublicsectorwillbeunabletomovetotheSouthEasttofillvacancies.

Withoutanewinfluxofstaff,manyhospitalsandschoolssaythattheywillstruggletomaintainstandards.TheGovernmentisnowexpectedtoannounceapackageofmeasuresintheBudgettotrytohelpfirst-timebuyers.TheTreasuryisconsideringraisingthepointatwhichpeoplehavetopaystampduty,ataxpaidoneveryhousepurchase.

Thepresentthresholdof￡60,000hasremainedunchangedsince1993,despitehousepricesincreasingby160percentinthattime.

GordonBrown,theChancellor,facesbeingaccusedofmaintainingthethresholdasawayofraisingmoretaxbecauseashousepricesrisemoreandmorepeoplearedraggedintopayingthesurcharge.Morethan75percentofallfirst-timebuyersnowpaythetax.

"TheGovernmenthastoact,"saidAdamSampson,thedirectorofShelter.Thelackofaffordablehousinghasadestabilisingeffectontheeconomyanditscostinhumantermsismassive.

"Successivegovernmentshavespokenaboutthegrowinghousingcrisis.Ithasnowgottothepointwhereitcannotbeignoredanylonger.Housingshouldbegiventhesamepriorityastheotherkeyareasofpubliclife,healthandeducation."

Thereportsaysthatmorethanthree-quartersofallnewhomesareneededintheSouthofEngland,withabout20percentintheNorthandtheMidlands.

Shelter'sfiguresonhousingdemandwillformthebasisofaTreasuryreviewofhousingtobepublishedatthetimeoftheBudgetnextweek.Thereview,byKateBarker,islikelytosaythattensofthousandsofnewhousesareneededandthatplanningrestrictionsshouldberelaxedsothathousingdevelopmentscanbebuiltmoreeasily.

Shewillalsocriticiseacultureofnimbyismwhichhascreptintomany,particularlyrural,towns.Manylocalcommunitiesblocknewhousingeventhoughitisdesperatelyneeded．

AstudyreleasedthisweekendbytheHalifaxrevealedthatfirst-timebuyerscannotgetontothepropertyladderin80percentoftownsandcitiesacrossthecountry.Thebanksaidthatareaswereclassedas"unaffordable"iffirst-timebuyersneededtoborrowmorethan4.27timesthelocalaveragesalarytobuyahome.

Bythatcalculation,100percentoftownsandcitiesinEastAngliawereoutofreachoffirst-timebuyers,while98percentoftownsandcitiesintheSouthWestwereunaffordable.

TheGovernmentissettoannouncelargeamountsofextrafundingforhousebuildingintheBudget.By2006theamountspentwillhaveincreasedby￡900million,or25percent.

Therewillalsobea￡5billionpotofmoneyprovidedforaffordablehousingby2006.1.

Accordingtothepassage,housingapartheid'referstoasituationwhere______.A.housesareonlybuiltinspecificplacesB.housesinsomeplacesbecometooexpensiveforpeopletobuyC.blackpeopleandwhitepeopleliveindifferenthousesinaplaceD.regulationsareenforcedonhousepricing正确答案：B

2.

WhatmightNOTbethereasonforthephenomenonthatpeopleonaverageincomesareunabletobuythehouses?A.Theyhavetopayhighpricestampduty.B.Theirincomesrisetooslowly.C.Housesupplyisdecreasing.D.Housepricesarerising.正确答案：C

3.

Whatmaythegovernmentdotohelpfirst-timebuyers?A.Allowthemtobuyhousesatreducedprices.B.Raisethepointatwhichpeoplemustpaystampduty.C.Lowerthepriceofstampduty.D.Increasetheirincomes.正确答案：B

4.

HowmanypercentofnewhomesareneededinthesouthofEngland?A.About20%.B.Morethan98%.C.About80%.D.Morethan45%.正确答案：C

5.

Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatcultureofnimbyism'means______.A.treasuringthecultureofone'sownlocalityB.expendingnewhousesinone'sownlocalityC.welcomingthesitingofdevelopmentsinone'sownlocalityD.objectingtothesitingofdevelopmentsinone'sownlocality正确答案：D

PassageFour

PresidentGeorgeW.Bush布什总统

GeorgeW.Bushisthe43rdPresidentoftheUnitedStates.HewasswornintoofficeonJanuary20,2001,re-electedonNovember2,2004,andsworninforasecondtermonJanuary20,2005.PriortohisPresidency,PresidentBushservedfor6yearsasthe46thGovernoroftheStateofTexas,whereheearnedareputationforbipartisanshipandasacompassionateconservativewhoshapedpublicpolicybasedontheprinciplesoflimitedgovernment,personalresponsibility,strongfamilies,andlocalcontrol.

PresidentBushwasbornonJuly6,1946,inNewHaven,Connecticut,andgrewupinMidlandandHouston,Texas.Hereceivedabachelor'sdegreeinhistoryfromYaleUniversityin1968,andthenservedasanF-102fighterpilotintheTexasAirNationalGuarD．PresidentBushreceivedaMasterofBusinessAdministrationfromHarvardBusinessSchoolin1975.Followinggraduation,hemovedbacktoMidlandandbeganacareerintheenergybusiness.Afterworkingonhisfather'ssuccessful1988Presidentialcampaign,PresidentBushassembledthegroupofpartnerswhopurchasedtheTexasRangersbaseballfranchisein1989.OnNovember8,1994,PresidentBushwaselectedGovernorofTexas.HebecamethefirstGovernorinTexashistorytobeelectedtoconsecutive4-yeartermswhenhewasre-electedonNovember3,1998.

SincebecomingPresidentoftheUnitedStatesin2001,PresidentBushhasworkedwiththeCongresstocreateanownershipsocietyandbuildafutureofsecurity,prosperity,andopportunityforallAmericans.Hesignedintolawtaxreliefthathelpsworkerskeepmoreoftheirhard-earnedmoney,aswellasthemostcomprehensiveeducationreformsinageneration,theNoChildLeftBehindActof2001.Thislegislationisusheri