翻译三级笔译综合能力分类模拟题11

翻译三级笔译综合能力分类模拟题11Ⅰ.Grammar:PastandPresentParticiplesA、MultipleChoices1.

______withhisreport,（江南博哥）thebosstoldJohntowriteitalloveragain.A.NottosatisfyB.NotbeingsatisfiedC.NotHavingsatisfiedD.Notsatisfying正确答案：B

2.

Allthetickets______out,wewentawaydisappointed.A.beingsoldB.besoldC.havingbeensoldD.weresold正确答案：C

3.

TheUniversityofCalifornia,______in1868,isadministratedbyapresidentandgovernedbyatwenty-four-memberboardofregents.A.foundedB.hasbeenfoundedC.tohavebeenfoundedD.wasfounded正确答案：A

4.

CharacteristicsofOpArtarethecarefully______huesandgeometricpatternsthatcreateopticalillusions.A.arrangingB.arrangedC.beingarrangedD.arrange正确答案：B

5.

Greatly______byhiswords,shejumpedintothecoldwateragain.A.encouragedB.encouragingC.tobeencouragedD.toencourage正确答案：A

6.

Besidestheirsharingtraditionalmaleroles,womenalsoplayrolesentirelydifferentfromthose______bymen.A.playingB.beplayedC.havingplayedD.beingplayed正确答案：D被动语态的现在分词短语beingplayed用作those(roles)的定语，表示“正在被扮演的角色”。

7.

Thepoison,______inasmallquantity,willbeamedicine.A.useB.usingC.usedD.isused正确答案：C

8.

YellowstoneNationalPark,______in1873,isthefirstnationalparkintheworld.A.foundedB.foundingC.havingbeenfoundedD.beingfounded正确答案：A

9.

Inthe1850'sHarrietBeecherStowe'sUncleTom'sCabinbecamethebest"sellerofthegeneration,______ahostofinitiators.A.inspiringB.inspiredC.inspiredbyD.toinspire正确答案：A

10.

Whydoyoustandandwatchthemilk______over?A.boilingB.boiledC.toboilD.beingboiled正确答案：A

11.

Atpresentwehavetogetmostoftheenergy______inindustrybyburningcoaloroil.A.usedB.useC.usingD.uses正确答案：A

12.

______underamicroscope,afreshsnowflakehasadelicatesix-pointedshape.A.SeenB.SeesC.SeeingD.Tosee正确答案：A

13.

Thenumberofpeople______themeetingwassmallerthanwehadexpected.A.attendB.attendingC.attendedD.beingattended正确答案：B

14.

______manyothercountries,theUnitedStateshasdevelopedintoamoderncountryinarelativelyshorttime.A.BeingcomparedwithB.TocomparewithC.ComparedwithD.Comparingwith正确答案：C

15.

Scientistsstillcannotfindany______linkbetweenintelligenceandthequantityorqualityofbraincells.A.convinceB.toconvinceC.convincedD.convincing正确答案：D

16.

JacobLawrenceexecutedmanycyclesofpaintings______significantsocialthemes.A.expressedB.expressingC.expressD.expressionof正确答案：B

17.

______theirfinalmedicalcheck,theastronautsboardedtheirspacecraft.A.ReceivingB.HavingreceivedC.ReceivedD.Havingbeenreceived正确答案：B

18.

Theadvantagesofcomputerizedtypingandeditingarenow______toallthewrittenlanguageoftheworld.A.extendB.extendingC.beingextendedD.beingextending正确答案：C

19.

______,theinhabitantsfled.A.ThecitytakenB.ThecityhavingbeentakenC.HavingtakenthecityD.Thecitybeingtaken正确答案：B

20.

Contrastmaymakesomethingappearmorebeautifulthanitiswhen______alone.A.seenB.isseenC.tobeseenD.havingbeenseen正确答案：A过去分词seen表被动；whenseenalone相当于时间状语从句whenitisseenalone。

21.

Commercialbanksmakemostoftheirincomefrominterest______onloansandinvestmentsinstocksandbonds.A.earnB.earnedC.toearnD.wasearned正确答案：B

22.

Theyoungmanwasfound______halfunconsciousunderthetree.A.tolieB.tohavelainC.lyingD.beinglain正确答案：C

23.

When______atthedoor,shewasgivenawarmwelcome.A.appearB.appearedC.appearingD.toappear正确答案：C现在分词appearing表主动；whenappearingatthedoor相当于时间状语从句whenshewasappearingatthedoor。

24.

When______aboutsubstances,thescientistsfinditconvenienttoclassifythemintosolid,liquidandgas.A.thoughtB.tothinkC.thinkingD.havingthought正确答案：C现在分词thinking表主动；whenthinkingaboutsubstances相当于时间状语从句whentheyarethinkingaboutsubstances。

25.

______intheelection,hewentbacktohisnativetown.A.TobedefeatedB.DefeatedC.BeingdefeatedD.Defeating正确答案：B

26.

Closedplanefigureslikethesquareortheequilateraltrianglecanbegroupedintoaclass______polygons.A.calledB.tocallC.iscalledD.calledas正确答案：A

27.

Itiseasytoblamethedeclineofconversationonthepaceofmodernlifeandonthevaguechanges______placeinourever-changingworld.A.takingB.totakeC.takeD.taken正确答案：A现在分词短语takingplace相当于定语从句thataretakingplace。

28.

CornoriginatedintheNewWorldandthuswasnotknowninEuropeuntilColumbusfoundit______inCuba.A.beingcultivatedB.beencultivatedC.havingcultivatedD.cultivating正确答案：A

29.

Onhisreturnfromhiscollege,hefoundthehouse______.A.desertingB.desertC.desertedD.tobedeserted正确答案：C

30.

Iwokeupinthenightandheardwater______throughtheceiling.A.drippingB.todripC.beingdrippedD.dripfrom正确答案：A

B、ErrorCorrection1.

Believedtheearthtobeflat,manyfearedthatColumbuswouldfallofftheedgeoftheearth.正确答案：believed→believing

2.

Seeingfromspace,ourearth,withwatercoveringover70%ofitssurface,appearsasa"blueplanet".正确答案：Seeing→Seen

3.

Somanyrepresentativeswereabsent,theconferencehadtobepostponed.正确答案：were→being此句中，somanyrepresentativesbeingabsent为带主语的独立分词结构，表示原因。

4.

Thepancreasisanorganinvolvinginthedigestionoffoodandintheregulationofthesugarlevelinthebloodstream.正确答案：involving→involved

5.

Havethehighestmarksinhisclass,hewasofferedascholarshipbythecollege.正确答案：Have→Having

6.

Thematerialaddingtosteelincreasesthemetal'shardness.正确答案：adding→added

7.

Commercialbanksmakemostoftheirincomefrominterestearningonloansandinvestmentsinstocksandbonds.正确答案：earning→earned此句中，earned意为thatareearned或thathavebeenearned，作定语用，修饰interest。

8.

Ifkeepinginthefridge,thefruitcanremainfreshformorethanaweek.正确答案：keeping→kept

9.

Becauseitsleavesremaingreenlongafterpicking,rosemarybecameassociatedwiththeideaofremembrance.正确答案：picking→beingpicked

10.

Wecansupplementourownideaswithinformationanddatagatheringfromourreading,ourobservation,andsoforth.正确答案：gathering→gathered

11.

Closedplanelikethesquareortheequilateraltrianglecanbegroupedintoaclassiscalledpolygons.正确答案：iscalled→called此句中，过去分词短语calledpolygons作定语，修饰aclass。

12.

Theactualquantityoffolicacidisrequiredinthedailydietisnotknown.正确答案：isrequired→required

13.

Theywerepushedintothebattleunpreparing.正确答案：unpreparing→unprepared此句中，过去分词unprepared当形容词用，意为“未做好准备的”，在本句中作主语they的补足语。

14.

Havingeatenthecherrypie,Istruckseveralpitsandnearlybrokeatooth.正确答案：Havingeaten→Eating

15.

Theboiling-rangecutsmayvarydependedonthetypeofcrudeoilandprocessingschemetobeemployed.正确答案：depended→depending

Ⅱ.ClozeTestArrernteLanguage阿兰达语

TheArrernteregionislargeandtraditional,therearemanydifferent

1

areaswithinit,eachwiththeirowndialect.Languageisstrongly

2

withfamilymembershipandtherelationshipstolandandDreamingsthat

3

withthis.Identifyingasaspeakerofaparticularlanguageor

4

canbeveryimportantforArrerntepeopleinawaythat

5

beyondjusttheactuallanguage.Itisawayofexpressing

6

inaparticularfamily,orassociationtoparticularcountry.Thedifferences

7

dialects,evenwhentheyareonlysmalldifferences,areoftenvery

8

tospeakers.

Thecomingtogetherofspeakersofdifferentdialectsof

9

inAliceSprings,ingovernmentandmissionsettlements,andoncattle

10

,hasalsoresultedinsomeconfusionaboutthetraditionaldialectdistinctions

11

thearea.Therehavebeenquitelargechangesinsomedialects

12

oldergenerationstoyounger,andtherearemanywordsthatonly

13

oldestspeakersnowknow.Arrerntepeoplestillknowthedifferentfamily

14

,butitissometimeslessclearwhichonesaparticularword

15

in.

Fromtimeimmemorial—thatis,asfarbackas

16

go—theboundariesofthetribeshavebeenwherethey

17

nowfixed.Withinthemtheirancestorsroamedabout,huntingandperforming

18

ceremoniesjustastheirlivingdescendantsdoatthepresentday.

19

hasneverapparentlybeentheleastattemptmadebyonetribe

20

encroachupontheterritoryofanother.1.

正确答案：family

2.

正确答案：connected

3.

正确答案：go

4.

正确答案：dialect

5.

正确答案：goes

6.

正确答案：membership

7.

正确答案：between

8.

正确答案：significant

9.

正确答案：Arrernte

10.

正确答案：stations

11.

正确答案：within

12.

正确答案：from

13.

正确答案：the

14.

正确答案：areas

15.

正确答案：belongs

16.

正确答案：traditions

17.

正确答案：are

18.

正确答案：their

19.

正确答案：There

20.

正确答案：to

PublicEducationintheUnitedStates美国的公立教育

ThenationalsystemofformaleducationintheUnitedStatesdevelopedinthe19thcentury.It

21

fromeducationalsystemsofotherWesternsocietiesinthreefundamentalrespects.First,Americansweremoreinclined

22

regardeducationasasolutiontovarioussocialproblems.Second,becausetheyhadthisconfidencein

23

powerofeducation,Americansprovidedmoreyearsofschoolingforalargerpercentageofthepopulation

24

othercountries.Third,educationalinstitutionswereprimarilygovernedbylocalauthoritiesratherthanbyfederalones.

25

mostnotablecharacteristicoftheAmericaneducationsystemisthelargenumberofpeopleitserves.

26

2002,86percentofAmericansbetweenage25and29hadgraduatedfromhighschool,58

27

hadcompletedatleastsomecollege,and29percenthadearnedatleastabachelor'sdegree.

28

accesstocollegeeducationisanimportantpriorityforUSgovernment.

AftertheAmericanRevolution(1775-1783),the

29

oftheUnitedStatesarguedthateducationwasessentialfortheprosperityandsurvival

30

thenewnation.ThomasJefferson,authoroftheDeclarationofIndependence,proposedthatAmericansgivea

31

prioritytoa"crusadeagainstignorance".JeffersonwasthefirstAmericanleadertosuggestcreatinga

32

offreeschoolsforallpersonsthatwouldbepubliclysupportedthroughtaxes.Hisplansfor

33

educationalandforpubliclyfundedschoolsformedthebasisofeducationalsystemsdevelopedinthe19th

34

.

Untilthe1840sAmericaneducationwasnotasystematall,butadisjointedcollectionof

35

,regional,andusuallyprivateinstitutions.Theextentofschoolingandthetypeofeducationavailabledepended

36

theresourcesandvaluesoftheparticulartownorcity,ontheactivitiesofreligiousgroups

37

tofurthertheirendsthroughschoolsandcolleges,andonmanyotherprivategroups—such

38

philanthropicassociationsandtradeorganizations—thatcreateddifferenttypesofschoolsfordifferentreasons.Most

39

onlyprovidededucationalopportunitiesforboysfromwealthyfamilies.Publicgoverningbodieswererarelyinvolvedin

40

financingorcontrolofschools.21.

正确答案：differed

22.

正确答案：to

23.

正确答案：the

24.

正确答案：than

25.

正确答案：The

26.

正确答案：In

27.

正确答案：percent

28.

正确答案：Expanding

29.

正确答案：founders

30.

正确答案：of

31.

正确答案：high

32.

正确答案：system

33.

正确答案：universal

34.

正确答案：century

35.

正确答案：local

36.

正确答案：on

37.

正确答案：seeking

38.

正确答案：as

39.

正确答案：institutions

40.

正确答案：the

Ⅲ.ReadingComprehension

GirlMeetsGame

姑娘玩游戏

byLevGrossman

Ilovevideogames.IplayedmyfirstonewhenIwas7.Ifeelluckytobepartofthefirstgenerationofgamers.Ialsogettobeafirst-generation-garnerparent;myparentsregardedgameswithaprimitive,chimplikesuspicion,butmydaughterLilywillhaveaparentwhounderstandsthemandplaysalongsideher.Acoolparent.

ButwhenLilyplayedherfirstgameafewweeksago,attheageof3,IfoundmyselfwonderingsomethingIneverthoughtIwouldwonder:HowcoolaparentshouldIbe?LilyhasalwaysbeeninterestedintheWeb.Acoupleofweeksago,wefoundaFlashgameonaTeletubbiessiteinvolvingfivebrownbunniesthatneedtobeplacedintheircorrectbunny-shapedholes.Tomyamazement,Lilyshooedmyhandsawayfromthetrackpadandstartedslowlynudgingbunniestowardburrows.Whenthefifthbunnyhithome—andanunseenTinkyWinkyshouted,"Yaaaaaay!"—everyneuroninmydaughter'sbrainseemedtofireatonce.Herskullpracticallyglowed.Sheclimbedoffthechairanddidadance.Thensheclimbedbackupontothechairandsaid,"Daddy?Youcangonow."

Myfeelingsaboutthisareconflicted.I'mnotdisappointedthatLilyislearningtoentertainherself,becauseI'vebeenentertainingherfor3yearsandcoulduseabreakinwhichtoperformsomebasicpersonalhygiene.Allthesame,I'mconfusedaboutwhatgamesmeantoapersonthattiny.Afterall,videogamesdidn'treallyexistwhenIwas3.

Themostobviousquestionsaretheeasiest.BecauseI'mnotpsychotic,Iwouldneverallowmydaughtertoplay—orseeorknowabout—anygameinvolvingviolence.Whensheplaysthebunnygame,Lilyislearningaboutcomputersandrefiningherhand-eyecoordination.Sothat'sallgood,right?Justtomakesure,IcalledSusanGregoryThomas,authorofBuyBuyBaby,ascorchinginvestigativestudyofhowcorporationstargetunderageconsumers.ShealsohappenstobethemosttechnologicallyawaremornIknow.Or,asInowcallher,SusieJoykiller.

Hand-eyecoordination?Maybe.Butshepointedoutthatkidsthatage—withtheirdelicate,stilldevelopingcarpaltunnels—areespeciallyvulnerabletorepetitivestressinjury.O.K.,buthere'ssomethingelse:Lilygetsfrustratedeasily,andthegamerewardsherforstickingwithaproblemtillshesolvesit."Maybeshecouldgetthesamekindofthingfromtryingtomakeacake?"Thomasasked."Therearelotsofotherthingstosolvethathaveamuchricherprotocol."Igetit:that'swhattherealworldisfor.

Thereisapaucityofqualityclinicaldataonlittlechildrenandgames,andThomasexplainsthatvideogamesoftendependonanalogiesandsymbolsthatkidsmaynotunderstandinthewaywethinktheydo."Veryyoungchildrenareastonishinglyconcretethinkers.Ifyoulookatascreenandunderstandthateverythingthathappensonacomputerisametaphorforsomethingrealinfife,itbecomesvery,verymurkyastowhatthey'reactuallygettingoutofthis."Therearealsotroublingcommercialaspectstoalotofgamesforpreschoolers:they'rebasicallyadsforbrandedcharacterslikeDoratheExplorerandArielthemermaid.AndThomaspointsout-inthenicestwaypossible—howpatheticitisthatIwantpeopletothinkI'macooldad.

There'salotmoretothinkaboutthanIthoughttherewas.I'mstillhappythatLilylikesgames,butI'veresolvedtolimitherplayingtime,andI'mnotgoingtoletherplayalone,personalhygienebedamned.SheandIwon'talwaysbeabletoplaygamestogether,afterall;fartoosoonshe'llbefartoocooltohangoutwithme.Butfornow,maybeit'sagoodideaforDaddytostickaround.1.

Whydoestheauthorconsiderhimselfasacoolparent?A.Heunderstandshisdaughterandplaysvideogamesalongsideher.B.Hehasadaughterwhocanplayvideogamesattheageofthree.C.Heteachesherdaughtertoplayvideogamesandthenplayswithher.D.Hefeelsluckytobepartofthefirstgenerationofgamers.正确答案：A

2.

Fromthesecondparagraphweknowthat______.A.withthehelpofherfather,Lilyfinallyarrangedthefiverabbitsinthecorrectwaysothattheyformedrabbit-shapedholesB.whenLilysucceededinputtingthefivebunniesmtherightplace,shefeltthegamewasveryeasyandsimplycontinuedtoplaywithitC.winningthegame,LilywassoexcitedandconfidentofherselfthatsheaskedherfathertoletherplayallbyherselfD.whenthefifthbunnybumpedintothedoorofthehomeandanunseenTinkyWinkyshouted"Yaaaaaay!",Lilywasgreatlyamused正确答案：C

3.

WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonfortheauthor'sworryabouthisdaughter'splayingvideogames?A.Manyvideogamesinvolvedviolenceharmfultochildren.B.Hisyoungdaughter'scarpaltunnelsweredelicateandeasytobeinjuredbyrepetitivemovementinplayingvideogames.C.Asanexceptionallyconcretethinker,hisdaughtercouldnotunderstandanalogiesandsymbolsusedbyvideogames.D.Someadsforbrandedcharacterswerenotwelldesignedforyoungchildren.正确答案：D

4.

HowdoyouunderstandthelatterpartofParagraphFive?A.Thegameisbeneficialforitencouragestheplayertopersistinaproblemtillhesucceeds.B.Apartfromvideogames,therearemanyotherthingsforchildrentobeengagedin.C.Ifchildrenlearntodocorrectlyingames,theywillbelikelytoperformwellintherealworld.D.Therealworldisnotsosimpleasgames,andtosucceedinlifeoneneedstoabidebymorerulesthaningames.正确答案：D

5.

Whatwilltheauthordowithhisdaughteratthepresentstage?A.Heisdeterminedtolimithertimeplayingvideogames.B.Hehasdecidednottoallowhertoplayvideogamesanymore.C.Hewillmakesurenottoleaveheralonewhensheplaysvideogames.D.Hewillfirstofallmakesuresheiscleanbeforeshecanplayvideogames.正确答案：C

AnOilGiant'sGreenDream

石油大亨的绿色梦想

byBryanWalsh

Ifyoufilledyourtankwithgasolinetoday,orwarmedyourhomewithnaturalgas,there'sadecentchanceyousentsomemoneytoAbuDhabi.ThecapitaloftheUnitedArabEmirates(UAE)isblessedwithfossilfuels,includingthefourth-biggestreservesofoilintheworld.SellingthatpetroleumatrecordpriceshashelpedAbuDhabiachievethehighestper-capitaGDPintheworld—wealththat'svisibleineveryluxuryhotelrisingfromthedesertorspotlessMercedesprowlingthestreets.AllthosefossilfuelsalsomeanthatAbuDhabicitizenshaveamongthebiggestcarbonfootprintsintheworld,andtheemirate'sexportsareabig,ifindirect,contributiontoglobalclimatechange.

SoitmightcomeasasurprisetolearnthatAbuDhabiisthisweekhostingtheworld'sfirstFutureEnergySummit,athree-daygatheringofmorethan4,000entrepreneurs,analystsandofficialsfromthealternativeenergyworld,includingheavyweightslikegreendesignerWilliamMcDonoughandIcelandicPresidentOlafurGrimsson.(AlsopresentwasPrinceCharles,whogaveaspeechviahologram.)

ButiftheideaofanAraboilpowerlikeAbuDhabisupportingfossilfuelalternativessoundsabitlikeaheroindealertryingtosellmethadone,thinkagain.VirtuallyaloneamongitsPersianGulfneighbors,AbuDhabihasembarkedonaseriousprograminalternativeenergyresearch,backedwithoilmoney.In2006itlaunchedtheMasdarInitiative(thenamemeans"source"inArabic),amulti-prongedschemethatincludesacollaborativeresearchinstitutewiththeMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,supportforsolarandotherkindsofgreenpowerwithinthecityitselfandacleanenergyinvestmentfundworth$250million.TheideabehindMasdar—whichorganizedtheFutureEnergySummit—isaradicalone:prepareAbuDhabiandtheUAEtomovebeyondfossilfuels."TheUAEwantstobemorethanjustanoil-producingcountry,"saysMarcStuart,theco-founderofthecarbon-tradingfirmEcoSecurities.

Thatwilltakemoney,butthankstorecordoilprices,moneyisonethingAbuDhabidoesnotlack.Atthesummit'sopeningconference,AbuDhabi'sCrownPrinceSheikhMohammadbinZayedA1Nahayaannouncedthatthegovernmentwouldchannelanadditional$15billiontotheMasdarInitiative.Althoughthemoneycomeswithnotimeframe,andofficialswouldn'tsayexactlywherethefundingwillgo,MasdaralsoannouncedthatitwouldjoinRioTintoandBritishPetroleumtobuildtheworld'sfirsthydrogenpowerplant,a500-megawattoperationthatwouldcostatleast$2billion.

Theseareboldplans—especiallyforacitythathadlittlegreenexperienceuntilrecently—butforAbuDbabi,investinginalternativepowerisawaytoremainaworldenergycenterintheeventthatconcernsoverclimatechangecutintothedemandforfossilfuels."Wehavealongtraditionasaglobalenergyleaderandwehavethefinancialresourcestodevelopnewfieldsofenergy,"saidSultanAhmedA1Jaber,Masdar'sCEO."Leadershipentailsresponsibility."

Asthesummit'shostswereonlytooeagertoemphasize,whentheyweren'tannouncinganewhydrogenplant,almosteveryprojectionofenergyuseoverthenextseveraldecadessaysthatfossilfuelsaren'tgoinganywhere.AbuDhabiwilldevelophundredsofmegawattsofcleansolarpower,butitwillexportfarmorepollutingpowerinoil—becausetheworldwillneeditandthereisnothingelsefeasibletoreplaceit."TheWorldFutureEnergySummitisnothinglessthanthefutureoftheworlditself,"saidJonathanPorritt,founderoftheUKsustainabilityorganizationForumfortheFuture,oneofthefewspeakersattheconferencetocallforarapidreductioninfossilfuels.Greendreamsarenice,butweneedagreenrealitysoon.6.

Theoilgiantinthispassagerefersto______.A.theUnitedStatesofAmericaB.AbuDhabi,thecapitaloftheUnitedArabEmiratesC.MercedesD.WilliamMcDonough正确答案：B

7.

Theoilgiant'sgreendreamincludesthefollowingEXCEPT______.A.tousesolarpowerandothercleanenergiestoreplacefossilfuelsB.tomakeAbuDhabiandtheUAEmovebeyondpetroleumC.toengageinprograminalternativeenergyresearchD.toremainaworldenergycenterincaseconcernsoverclimatechangereducethedemandforfossilfuels正确答案：C

8.

WhichofthefollowingistheorganizeroftheFutureEnergySummit?A.MasdarB.UAEC.MarcStuartD.AbuDhabi正确答案：A

9.

Thefirstsentenceofthethirdparagraphimpliesthat______.A.it'swrongtothinkAbuDhabiwillprobablysupportfossilfuelalternativesB.it'swrongtothinkitimprobableforAbuDhabitosupportfossilfuelalternativesC.tothinkofAbuDhabisupportingfossilfuelalternativesisliketothinkofadrugdealertryingtosellmethadoneD.ifyouthinkAbuDhabiislikelytosellmethadone,youshouldthinkagain正确答案：B

10.

WhywillAbuDhabistillexportoilsinceitentailspollutingpower?A.Theworldneedsoilandthereisnothingelsefeasibletoreplaceit.B.AbuDhabihasenoughalternativefuelsforitsownuse.C.Byexportingoil,AbuDhabicanachievethehighestper-capitaGDPintheworld.D.AbuDhabidoesn'twanttopolluteitselfandUAEanymore.正确答案：A

PromotingLocalControlandChoiceforPublicSchoolsinCalifornia

促进对加州当地学校的控制与选择

StevePoiznerispassionateabouteducationalreform.RunningfortheCaliforniaStateAssemblyinthe21stdistricttorepresentSiliconValley,the47-year-oldcandidatesaysaccesstoexcellentpublicschoolsisa"fundamentalcivilright."

"It'ssocriticalforstudentstoexittheschoolsystemwithskillstoallowthemtosurviveinthiscomplexworld,"saysPoizner."Especiallyschoolsinlowincomeareas,kidsarenotgettingwellservedandequippedforhighereducationorthejobmarket.Thereisnobiggercivilrightsissueoreconomicissue."

Thehigh-techbusinessexecutivefromLosGatos,whoalsohasayearofpublicschoolteachingandaWhiteHousefellowshiponhisresume,willfaceoneoffourDemocratsvyingfortheStateAssemblyseatinthissolidlyDemocraticdistrict.

Poiznerknowswinningisanuphillbattle,butheisworkingtobuildagrassrootseffortthatreachesacrosspartylines.PositioninghimselfasamoderateRepublican,Poiznerfocuseshismessageonsolvingthestate'seconomicandeducationalproblems,notpartisanship.Hehopeshisagendaappealstothishighlyeducateddistrict,wheretwo-thirdsofvotershavecollegedegrees.

Educationisahot-buttonissuehere,wherethestate'sschoolsystemisunderenormousstrain."Californiausedtohaveoneofthetop-notchpublicschoolsystemsinthecountry,"saysPoizner."Nowitisoneoftheworst."Morethanthree-fourthsofCalifornia's4thand8thgradersaren'tproficientinreadingandwriting.Studentsscoredsopoorlyonthestate'sHighSchoolExitExamthatthetesthadtobepostponeduntil2006.

WithsixmillionpublicschoolstudentsinCalifornia,Poiznercontendsthatthesystemistoomassivetobefixedfromthetopdown."Whenyoulookatthestructuralchallenges,youwonderwhythelegislaturewouldwanttomicromanagesomethingsocomplexandapplyrulesuniformlyacrossall1,000schooldistricts,"hesays."I'mahugeproponentoflocalcontrol.Whenyoureturnpowerandcontrol,youcantailorprogramstomeettheneedsoflocalconditions."

Othereducationalissueonhisplatform:

·Recruitandretaintop-notchteachersandprincipals

·Increaseteacherpayandstrengthenacademicaccountability

·Provideteacherswithbetterworkingconditionsandstudentsabetterlearningenvironment

·Empowerschoolswiththeresourcesandflexibilitytheyneed

·ReducethebureaucracycloggingCalifornia'seducationalsystemandreinvestthesavingsinunder-fundedareas,suchasper-pupilspendingontextbooks.

·Ensureconsistencyinschooltesting

·Supportsuccessfulmodelsofinnovationandpublicschoolchoice,includinganexpansionofCalifornia'scharterschoolmovement.

PoiznerreceivedhisMBA.fromtheStanfordUniversityGraduateSchoolofBusinessin1980andhisB.S.inElectricalEngineeringfromtheUniversityofTexasin1978.Poizner'sinterestineducationalreformisnotsomethinghelatchedontoasacandidate.Hehaslongbeenanadvocateforschoolchoiceandworkedinthecharterschoolmovement.Charterschoolsareindependentpublicschools,designedandrunbyeducators,parents,communityleadersandeducationalentrepreneurs.Theyoperatefreefromthetraditionalbureaucracyofpublicschools.

InadditiontofoundingtwotechnologycompaniesinCalifornia,Poiznerformedacharitablefoundationin2000focusedonimprovingthequalityofpubliceducationanddonated$2milliontoboostinner-cityschools.HehasbeeninvolvedwithgroupsinCaliforniathatpushedforreform,suchasEdVoice,AspirePublicSchoolsandtheNewSchoolsVentureFund.

In2002,Poiznerwantedtogetafirst-handlookatthepublicschoolsystemsohetaught12thgradeAmericangovernmentinaneastSanJosepublicschoolforayear."It'sarougharea.Iwasthereinthetrencheseveryday.Itwasquiteachallenge,"hesays.Poiznerwasoverwhelmedbytheamountofproblemsthekidsfaced,suchasgangviolence."Itwasarealeyeopener,"hesays."Fromthatexperience,Idevelopedastrongappreciationforthewo