寒假作业11 完形填空

限时练习：40min完成时间：____月____日天气：寒假作业11完形填空完形填空解题方法：1.细研首句定主旨完形填空首句一般不设空，这是为了给学生提供一个清晰而完整的背景。记叙文首句往往介绍事件发生的时间、地点、人物和起因等细节信息，说明文和议论文一般通过文章首句点明全文的主题。仔细分析文章的首句,往往能获取许多解题信息，从而节省做题时间。研读首句确定文章体裁和题材找文章起点背景和主要内容锁定关键词,获取解题信息2.前瞻后望重语境完形填空题主要考查学生对语境的理解能力，所以空处的前后多有暗示(下文暗示上文的居多)。学生在做题时，一定要从整体上把握文章的内容，弄清文章的结构和文章的内在逻辑关系。前瞻后望联系空处与上下文语境需“前瞻”下文或最后的题目从上文中寻线索需“后望”开头的题目从下文中寻线索需“前瞻后望”中间的题目从上下文中寻线索 3.熟词生义要重视一词多义和熟词生义是近几年中考完形填空中多次出现的词汇活用现象,这往往也是考生容易忽视的地方。备考时应注意单词本义以及根据词根推断单词的生僻意义。 熟词生义注意积累熟词生义词汇结合熟词生义和语境判断正确选项如对选项不把握，可结合排除法和语法知识缩小范围，提高正确率基础过关练阅读下面短文,从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。（A）Onceuponatime,therewasaverybadman.Whenhesawpeople___1___happily,hebecameangry.Whathehatedmostwaswhenpeoplewerepolitetoeachother,sayingwordslike“please”and“thanks”.___2___,hedidn’tusesentenceslike“Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellmehowtogettothebookstore?”Hethoughtallthekindandpolitewordswereuseless.Sohe___3___withaplan.Hedecidedtoinventa___4___whichcouldstealwords.Withthismachine,hewouldbeabletosteal“excuseme”,“please”,“thanks”,“sorry”,and___5___wordswhichpeopleusedtobepolite.Finally,hemadeit.Whenpeoplesaidkindandpolitewords,nothingcameout.Allthosewordswerestolenbythe“bad”machine.Itseemedthatpeoplereallydidn’tneedtobepolite.However,afterafewdays,everyonebegantoarguewithothersandpeoplegot___6___easily.Thebadmanwasgladabouthis___7___.However,thereweresome“special”girls.Theywereunableto___8___,sotheyhadtocommunicatebyusingsignlanguage（手语）.Theywere___9___kindandpolitebecausethe“bad”machinecouldn’tstealgestures(手势).Soonthey___10___whathadbeenhappeningtoeveryoneelse.Theyfollowedthebadman,foundthe“bad”machineandbrokeit.Afterthat,peoplebegantosaykindandpolitewordsagain.1．A．fallingdown B．passingby C．givingup D．takingout2．A．Especially B．Luckily C．Normally D．Suddenly3．A．cameout B．cameup C．cameon D．camein4．A．car B．box C．motor D．machine5．A．similar B．different C．easy D．difficult6．A．bored B．nervous C．angry D．sad7．A．performance B．shame C．business D．success8．A．see B．speak C．walk D．write9．A．still B．already C．almost D．hardly10．A．repeated B．admired C．realized D．accepted（B）Whiletravelingtobigcitiesintheworld,youwillseestatuesofthousandsofcharacters___11___inthestreets.Doyoubelievethattheyareactuallyrealpeopleworkingas___12___artists?Theyoftencoverthemselves___13___withpaint.Theyhavetostandstill(静止的)andkeepeyesopenforseveralhours.Streetartistsneedtobestrong-mindedand___14___.Itisnotaneasyjob,butthere’splentyoffun___15___them.YorgeisoneofthemostfamousstreetartistsinBrazil.Hestandsout___16___hispartner,acutedognamedJaspe.WhenYorgegoestowork,Jaspe___17___onhisarmandkeepsstillaslongasshecan.Mostpeopleare___18___bytheirperfectworktogether.

However,thepaironcegotintotrouble.SomeanimalloversthoughtthatYorgeforcedhisdogtogivea___19___inthestreet.Infact,Yorge____20____trainedJaspeatall.Theperformanceoflivingstatueshasbecomeastreetart.Nowitisreallypopularinmanylargecitiesaroundtheworld.11．A．walking B．singing C．standing D．dancing12．A．language B．genius C．paint D．street13．A．clearly B．completely C．suddenly D．correctly14．A．patient B．active C．bright D．honest15．A．of B．as C．for D．on16．A．thanksto B．insteadof C．besides D．without17．A．plays B．eats C．rests D．answers18．A．encouraged B．disappointed C．refused D．surprised19．A．lecture B．performance C．report D．hand20．A．seldom B．sometimes C．never D．often（C）Haveyoueverdreamedofbecomingamarine(海洋的)scientist?Ifyouhave,youmightneedto____21____fortripstoAntarctica(南极洲)!RobKingisamarinebiologistfromAustralia.He____22____Antarctickrill(磷虾).Eachyear,hedoesresearchintheworld’s____23____place—Antarcticawherethetemperatureisbelowzeroallyearround.InJanuary,hereturnedfromhislatestjourneythere,which____24____39days.“Eachyearwe____25____freshsamples(样本)ofAntarctickrillandbringthembacktoourresearchcenterinAustralia,’’saidKing.“Thiswaywecandolong-termresearch,notonlyonkrillbuton____26____thatcanliveforseveralyears.”Littlekrill____27____abigroleinthemarinefoodchain(链条).Theyeatphytoplankton(浮游植物),whiletheyareeatenbyfish,squid,seabirds,penguins,sealsandwhales.AccordingtoKing,Antarctickrillare____28____importantforscientistsbecausetheycanlearnmorefromthemthanotheranimals.However,asclimatechange____29____theSouthernOceanandthetemperatureishigherandhigher,theareaforkrilltoliveandgrowisreducing.“Ourresearchtriestobetterunderstandtheeffectsofclimatechangeonkrill,”saidKing.KingsaidoneofthehighlightsinhiscareerwastravelingtoAntarctica.“TripstoAntarcticaareusuallyonetothreemonthslong,”hesaid.“Beforesettingout,wewouldhavesome____30____,includingsurvival(生存)atsea,firefighting,andhowtoworkwellinateam.It’sreallyagreatexperienceformetoseethebeautyoftheenvironmentthere.”21．A．care B．send C．prepare D．call22．A．studies B．increases C．discovers D．develops23．A．best B．coldest C．hottest D．worst24．A．collected B．lasted C．moved D．offered25．A．putout B．giveaway C．takeafter D．lookfor26．A．ice B．waste C．water D．animals27．A．take B．play C．carry D．make28．A．especially B．lightly C．completely D．hardly29．A．protects B．understands C．cools D．warms30．A．communication B．objects C．training D．magic能力提升练阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（A）（2023·湖北武汉·统考中考真题）Katiesaidgoodbyetoherparentsatthefrontdooroftheircandyshopastheydroveoffforavacation,andKatie___1___she’dbeabletorunitwithAuntMaria’shelp.AuntMariadidn’thaveanyexperienceonbusiness,butsheisalwayscalled“___2___”.AsMariablewintothestore,shesaid,“Allright,Katiemylove,let’sgetthispartystarted.”Katietookherauntovertowherethefamilymadetheirowncandy,suchasfreshfudge(软糖).AuntMaria___3___apieceofchocolatefudge.“Hmm,”shesaid.“It’sgood,butnot___4___.Wecanaddsomethingtomakethatbasictasteexciting.”BeforeKatiecould___5___whatMariameant,thewomanhadgonetothekitchen.Katieheardherwalkingaround,openingdrawersandthefridge.Thenshecamebackwithherhandsfullofthings.She___6___themontheworksurfacewithahappytune(小调).“Brusselssprouts(甘蓝)?”Katiegaveheraunta___7___look.Shecouldn’tbeserious!Butshewas.Thewoman’shandswerebusy___8___thegreenvegetablesandthenaddingthosesmallpiecesintothefudge.Katie’seyesgrewwideasshewatchedherauntmixthemtogether.Katie___9___asthebelloverthefrontdoorrang,announcingsome____10____.Threeboyscamein.“I’llhavestrawberryfudge,please,”saidthefirstboy.“Oh,how____11____,”laughedMaria.“Imustsuggestyoutrysomethingnew!Trythis!”SheofferedtheboystheBrusselssproutfudge.“It’sfree!____12____!”Surprised,buttoopoliteto____13____,theboysleftwiththefudge.“Theregoourcustomers.Theywilltelleveryonehowstrangeourcandyis,andnobodywillwanttoshophere!”Katiesaidtoherself.Shedidn’tknowwhattodo.Herparentsweregoingtobe____14____.Thesoundofthebellwokeherupfromher____15____.Theboyswereback!Butthistimetherewasacrowdofkidscomingintothestorewiththem.“GivemetwopiecesofBrusselssproutfudge,please.”1．A．promised B．remembered C．pretended D．checked2．A．friendly B．creative C．honest D．lucky3．A．noticed B．bought C．made D．tried4．A．soft B．sweet C．smooth D．special5．A．believe B．change C．question D．explain6．A．stuck B．left C．spread D．swept7．A．strange B．fresh C．black D．hungry8．A．washing B．weighing C．cutting D．cooking9．A．movedon B．lookedup C．brokedown D．cameover10．A．clerks B．policemen C．customers D．businessmen11．A．expensive B．cheap C．funny D．boring12．A．Stay B．Enjoy C．Go D．Help13．A．accept B．argue C．eat D．order14．A．mad B．calm C．relaxed D．silent15．A．mistakes B．memories C．plans D．thoughts（B）（2021·湖北十堰·统考中考真题）Oneday,afarmerwaslookingforawatersourceforhisfarm.So,hewenttohisneighborandaskedhimifhecouldsellhiswell（水井）tohim.Hisneighbor__16__.Thefarmerboughtthewellhappily.Buttheneighborwasacunning（狡猾的）man.Thenextday,asthefarmercametogetwaterfromhiswell,hisneighborcameand__17__tolethimtakeanywater.Thefarmerwas__18__.Heasked,“Whycan’tItakewater?Ialreadyboughtthewell__19__you.”Theneighborreplied,“Isoldyouthewellnotthewater.”Thefarmerwenttotheemperorto_20_

justice（公正）.Heexplainedwhathadhappened.TheemperorcalledonBirbal,his__21__courtier（朝臣）.Birbalaskedthe__22__,“Whydon’tyouletthefarmertakewaterfromthewell?Youdidsellthewelltothefarmer.”Theneighbor__23__,

“Ididsellthewelltothefarmer,butnotthewaterinit.Therefore,hehasnorighttogetwaterfromthewell.”Birbalaskedthemtocomelater.Thenextday,allwenttotheplacewherethewellwas.ThereBirbalsaidtotheneighbor,“Look,youare__24__right,andyousoldthewellnotthewater.__25__yousoldthewellnotthewater,youhavenorighttokeepthewaterinthefarmer’swell.Nowyouhavetwo__26__:Eitheryoupayahighrent（租金）tothefarmer__27__takeitoutimmediately.”Theneighborrealizedthathisplanhad__28__.Hesaid__29__tothefarmerandwenthomequickly.Cheatingwillnotgetyou__30__.Ifyoucheat,youwillpaysoonenough.16．A．believed B．laughed C．prevented D．agreed17．A．refused B．avoided C．complained D．offered18．A．stupid B．surprised C．excited D．interested19．A．with B．for C．from D．to20．A．askfor B．waitfor C．lookfor D．payfor21．A．oldest B．closest C．wisest D．busiest22．A．farmer B．neighbor C．emperor D．courtier23．A．replied B．doubted C．asked D．ordered24．A．carefully B．wisely C．especially D．completely25．A．Since B．Though C．Unless D．Before26．A．decisions B．choices C．methods D．directions27．A．and B．but C．or D．nor28．A．succeeded B．finished C．failed D．changed29．A．no B．hello C．thanks D．sorry30．A．nothing B．anything C．something D．everything知识小结本专题内容的训练能够帮助同学们掌握完形填空的解题方法，提高同学们的解题能力。请重点掌握以下常用方法：1.说明文和议论文一般通过文章首句点明全文的主题。2.注意积累熟词生义词汇，结合熟词生义和语境判断正确选项。如：well*很好地adv.*健康的adj.*水井n.*涌出v.

寒假作业11完形填空（解析版）基础过关练阅读下面短文,从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。（A）Onceuponatime,therewasaverybadman.Whenhesawpeople___1___happily,hebecameangry.Whathehatedmostwaswhenpeoplewerepolitetoeachother,sayingwordslike“please”and“thanks”.___2___,hedidn’tusesentenceslike“Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellmehowtogettothebookstore?”Hethoughtallthekindandpolitewordswereuseless.Sohe___3___withaplan.Hedecidedtoinventa___4___whichcouldstealwords.Withthismachine,hewouldbeabletosteal“excuseme”,“please”,“thanks”,“sorry”,and___5___wordswhichpeopleusedtobepolite.Finally,hemadeit.Whenpeoplesaidkindandpolitewords,nothingcameout.Allthosewordswerestolenbythe“bad”machine.Itseemedthatpeoplereallydidn’tneedtobepolite.However,afterafewdays,everyonebegantoarguewithothersandpeoplegot___6___easily.Thebadmanwasgladabouthis___7___.However,thereweresome“special”girls.Theywereunableto___8___,sotheyhadtocommunicatebyusingsignlanguage（手语）.Theywere___9___kindandpolitebecausethe“bad”machinecouldn’tstealgestures(手势).Soonthey___10___whathadbeenhappeningtoeveryoneelse.Theyfollowedthebadman,foundthe“bad”machineandbrokeit.Afterthat,peoplebegantosaykindandpolitewordsagain.1．A．fallingdown B．passingby C．givingup D．takingout2．A．Especially B．Luckily C．Normally D．Suddenly3．A．cameout B．cameup C．cameon D．camein4．A．car B．box C．motor D．machine5．A．similar B．different C．easy D．difficult6．A．bored B．nervous C．angry D．sad7．A．performance B．shame C．business D．success8．A．see B．speak C．walk D．write9．A．still B．already C．almost D．hardly10．A．repeated B．admired C．realized D．accepted【答案】1．B2．C3．B4．D5．A6．C7．D8．B9．A10．C【主旨】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了人们坚持友善和礼貌的故事。【详解】1．句意：当他看到人们高兴地经过时，他生气了。fallingdown跌倒；passingby路过；givingup放弃；takingout获得。由上句“Whathehatedmostwaswhenpeoplewerepolitetoeachother,sayingwordslike‘please’and‘thanks’”可知，此处表示“看到人们经过的时候”。故选B。2．句意：通常，他不会说“打扰一下，你能告诉我怎么去书店吗？”Especially特别地；Luckily幸运地；Normally通常；Suddenly突然地。由上句“Whathehatedmostwaswhenpeoplewerepolitetoeachother”可知，他讨厌人们讲礼貌，此处表示“通常”。故选C。3．句意：所以他想出了一个计划。cameout出来；cameup出现；cameon加油；camein进来。comeupwith表示“想出、提出”，是固定搭配。故选B。4．句意：他决定发明一种能偷词的机器。car汽车；box盒子；motor马达；machine机器。由下文“Allthosewordswerestolenbythe‘bad’machine”可知，此处表示“机器”。故选D。5．句意：有了这台机器，他就能偷出“对不起”“请”“谢谢”“对不起”以及类似的人们过去用来表示礼貌的词语。similar相似的；different不同的；easy容易的；difficult困难的。由上句“excuseme”“please”“thanks”“sorry”可知，此处表示的都是礼貌用语，此处表示“相似的”。故选A。6．句意：然而，几天后，每个人都开始与他人争论，人们很容易生气。bored无聊的；nervous紧张的；angry生气的；sad难过的。由上文“begantoarguewithothers”可知，人们开始彼此争吵，此处表示“容易生气”。故选C。7．句意：这个坏男人为他的成功感到高兴。performance表演；shame羞愧；business生意；success成功。由上句“everyonebegantoarguewithothersandpeoplegotangryeasily”可知，此时的人们彼此争吵，男人认为他的计划成功了。故选D。8．句意：她们不会说话，所以她们只能用手语交流。see看见；speak说；walk走路；write写。由后文“sotheyhadtocommunicatebyusingsignlanguage”可知，用手语交流，这里表示“不会说话”。故选B。9．句意：她们仍然很友善，很有礼貌，因为“坏”机器不会偷手势。still仍然；already已经；almost几乎；hardly几乎不。由后文“becausethe‘bad’machinecouldn’tstealgestures”可知，她们仍旧很友善。故选A。10．句意：很快她们就意识到其他人身上发生了什么。repeated重复；admired欣赏；realized意识到；accepted接受。由下文“Theyfollowedthebadman,foundthe‘bad’machineandbrokeit.”可知，她们意识到发生了什么，采取行动去破坏机器。故选C。（B）Whiletravelingtobigcitiesintheworld,youwillseestatuesofthousandsofcharacters___11___inthestreets.Doyoubelievethattheyareactuallyrealpeopleworkingas___12___artists?Theyoftencoverthemselves___13___withpaint.Theyhavetostandstill(静止的)andkeepeyesopenforseveralhours.Streetartistsneedtobestrong-mindedand___14___.Itisnotaneasyjob,butthere’splentyoffun___15___them.YorgeisoneofthemostfamousstreetartistsinBrazil.Hestandsout___16___hispartner,acutedognamedJaspe.WhenYorgegoestowork,Jaspe___17___onhisarmandkeepsstillaslongasshecan.Mostpeopleare___18___bytheirperfectworktogether.

However,thepaironcegotintotrouble.SomeanimalloversthoughtthatYorgeforcedhisdogtogivea___19___inthestreet.Infact,Yorge____20____trainedJaspeatall.Theperformanceoflivingstatueshasbecomeastreetart.Nowitisreallypopularinmanylargecitiesaroundtheworld.11．A．walking B．singing C．standing D．dancing12．A．language B．genius C．paint D．street13．A．clearly B．completely C．suddenly D．correctly14．A．patient B．active C．bright D．honest15．A．of B．as C．for D．on16．A．thanksto B．insteadof C．besides D．without17．A．plays B．eats C．rests D．answers18．A．encouraged B．disappointed C．refused D．surprised19．A．lecture B．performance C．report D．hand20．A．seldom B．sometimes C．never D．often【答案】11．C12．D13．B14．A15．C16．A17．C18．D19．B20．C【主旨】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了街头艺术家。【详解】11．句意：当你去世界上的大城市旅行时，你会看到成千上万的人物雕像站在街道上。walking步行；singing唱歌；standing站立；dancing跳舞。由下文“Theyhavetostandstillandkeepeyesopenforseveralhours.”可知，他们站在街头。故选C。12．句意：你相信他们是真实存在的街头艺术家吗?language语言；genius天才；paint油料；street街头。由下文“Streetartistsneedtobestrong-minded”可知，这里指“街头艺术家”。故选D。13．句意：他们经常全身涂满颜料。clearly清晰地；completely彻底地；suddenly突然地；correctly正确地。由下文“Theperformanceoflivingstatueshasbecomeastreetart.”可知，他们是“活雕像”，所以要全身涂满颜料。故选B。14．句意：街头艺术家需要有坚强的意志和耐心。patient耐心的；active积极的；bright明亮的；honest诚实的。由上文“Theyhavetostandstillandkeepeyesopenforseveralhours.”可知，他们必须一动不动地站着，眼睛睁着好几个小时，这里需要耐心。故选A。15．句意：这不是一件容易的工作，但对他们来说有很多乐趣。of……的；as作为；for对于；on在……上。此处表示“对于他们很有乐趣”，此处用介词for。故选C。16．句意：多亏了他的搭档，一只叫贾斯佩的可爱狗狗，他才脱颖而出。thanksto多亏；insteadof代替；besides在……旁边；without没有。由下文“...bytheirperfectworktogether.”可知，他们是很好的合作伙伴，此处表示“多亏了他的搭档”。故选A。17．句意：当乔治去工作时，贾斯佩靠在他的手臂上，尽可能地保持静止。plays玩；eats吃；rests倚靠；answers回答。由下文“...onhisarmandkeepsstillaslongasshecan.”可知，它靠着主人的手臂，尽可能地保持静止，故选C。18．句意：大多数人都对他们完美的合作感到惊讶。encouraged鼓励；disappointed使失望；refused拒绝；surprised使惊讶。由上文“Hestandsoutthankstohispartner,acutedognamedJaspe.”可知，他和他的小狗是一对搭档，配合完美，这里表示“让人惊讶”。故选D。19．句意：一些动物爱好者认为是乔治强迫他的狗在街上表演。lecture演讲；performance表演；report报道；hand手。由下文“Theperformanceoflivingstatueshasbecomeastreetart.”可知，这里指“表演”。故选B。20．句意：事实上，乔治从来没有训练过贾斯佩。seldom很少；sometimes有时候；never从不；often经常。由本句的“Infact”可知，事实和人们的猜测相反，这里表示从来没有训练过狗这样做。故选C。（C）Haveyoueverdreamedofbecomingamarine(海洋的)scientist?Ifyouhave,youmightneedto____21____fortripstoAntarctica(南极洲)!RobKingisamarinebiologistfromAustralia.He____22____Antarctickrill(磷虾).Eachyear,hedoesresearchintheworld’s____23____place—Antarcticawherethetemperatureisbelowzeroallyearround.InJanuary,hereturnedfromhislatestjourneythere,which____24____39days.“Eachyearwe____25____freshsamples(样本)ofAntarctickrillandbringthembacktoourresearchcenterinAustralia,’’saidKing.“Thiswaywecandolong-termresearch,notonlyonkrillbuton____26____thatcanliveforseveralyears.”Littlekrill____27____abigroleinthemarinefoodchain(链条).Theyeatphytoplankton(浮游植物),whiletheyareeatenbyfish,squid,seabirds,penguins,sealsandwhales.AccordingtoKing,Antarctickrillare____28____importantforscientistsbecausetheycanlearnmorefromthemthanotheranimals.However,asclimatechange____29____theSouthernOceanandthetemperatureishigherandhigher,theareaforkrilltoliveandgrowisreducing.“Ourresearchtriestobetterunderstandtheeffectsofclimatechangeonkrill,”saidKing.KingsaidoneofthehighlightsinhiscareerwastravelingtoAntarctica.“TripstoAntarcticaareusuallyonetothreemonthslong,”hesaid.“Beforesettingout,wewouldhavesome____30____,includingsurvival(生存)atsea,firefighting,andhowtoworkwellinateam.It’sreallyagreatexperienceformetoseethebeautyoftheenvironmentthere.”21．A．care B．send C．prepare D．call22．A．studies B．increases C．discovers D．develops23．A．best B．coldest C．hottest D．worst24．A．collected B．lasted C．moved D．offered25．A．putout B．giveaway C．takeafter D．lookfor26．A．ice B．waste C．water D．animals27．A．take B．play C．carry D．make28．A．especially B．lightly C．completely D．hardly29．A．protects B．understands C．cools D．warms30．A．communication B．objects C．training D．magic【答案】21．C22．A23．B24．B25．D26．D27．B28．A29．D30．C【主旨】本文主要讲述了一位海洋科学家对南极磷虾的研究，解释了对这种动物研究的重要性以及出发前的准备。【详解】21．句意：如果你有，你可能需要为去南极洲旅行做准备！care关心；send发送；prepare准备；call打电话。根据“Ifyouhave,youmightneedto...fortripstoAntarctica(南极洲)!”可知，是指做好去南极洲旅行的准备，故选C。22．句意：他研究南极磷虾。studies研究；increases增长；discovers发现；develops发展。根据“hedoesresearchintheworld’s…place”可知，是指研究南极磷虾，故选A。23．句意：每年，他都在世界上最冷的地方做研究——南极洲，那里的温度终年低于零度。best最好的；coldest最冷的；hottest最热的；worst最差的。根据“Antarcticawherethetemperatureisbelowzeroallyearround”可知，这是最冷的地方，故选B。24．句意：今年1月，他结束了最近一次历时39天的旅程。collected收集；lasted持续；moved移动；offered提供。根据“hereturnedfromhislatestjourneythere,which…39days”可知，这段旅程持续了39天，故选B。25．句意：每年我们都会寻找南极磷虾的新鲜样本，然后带回我们在澳大利亚的研究中心。putout熄灭；giveaway赠送；takeafter与……相像；lookfor寻找。根据“bringthembacktoourresearchcenterinAustralia”可知，寻找样本然后带回去研究，故选D。26．句意：通过这种方式，我们不仅可以对磷虾进行长期研究，还可以对能存活数年的动物进行研究。ice冰；waste废物；water水；animals动物。根据“notonlyonkrillbuton…thatcanliveforseveralyears”可知，不但对磷虾进行长期研究，还对其他的动物进行研究，故选D。27．句意：小磷虾在海洋食物链中扮演着重要角色。take拿走；play玩，扮演；carry搬；make制作。此处是固定表达playarolein“扮演……角色”，故选B。28．句意：根据金的说法，南极磷虾对科学家来说尤其重要，因为他们可以从磷虾身上学到比其他动物更多的东西。especially尤其；lightly轻轻地；completely完全地；hardly几乎不。根据“becausetheycanlearnmorefromthemthan…otheranimals”可知，此处强调南极磷虾对科学家来说尤其重要，故选A。29．句意：然而，随着气候变化使南大洋变暖，温度越来越高，磷虾生存和生长的区域正在减少。protects保护；understands明白；cools冷却；warms暖和。根据“thetemperatureishigherandhigher”可知，气候变化让南大洋变暖，故选D。30．句意：出发前，我们会进行一些训练，包括海上生存、消防，以及如何在团队中很好地工作。communication交流；objects物体；training训练；magic魔法。根据“includingsurvival(生存)atsea,firefighting,andhowtoworkwellinateam”可知，出发前会进行一些专业的训练，故选C。能力提升练阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（A）（2023·湖北武汉·统考中考真题）Katiesaidgoodbyetoherparentsatthefrontdooroftheircandyshopastheydroveoffforavacation,andKatie___1___she’dbeabletorunitwithAuntMaria’shelp.AuntMariadidn’thaveanyexperienceonbusiness,butsheisalwayscalled“___2___”.AsMariablewintothestore,shesaid,“Allright,Katiemylove,let’sgetthispartystarted.”Katietookherauntovertowherethefamilymadetheirowncandy,suchasfreshfudge(软糖).AuntMaria___3___apieceofchocolatefudge.“Hmm,”shesaid.“It’sgood,butnot___4___.Wecanaddsomethingtomakethatbasictasteexciting.”BeforeKatiecould___5___whatMariameant,thewomanhadgonetothekitchen.Katieheardherwalkingaround,openingdrawersandthefridge.Thenshecamebackwithherhandsfullofthings.She___6___themontheworksurfacewithahappytune(小调).“Brusselssprouts(甘蓝)?”Katiegaveheraunta___7___look.Shecouldn’tbeserious!Butshewas.Thewoman’shandswerebusy___8___thegreenvegetablesandthenaddingthosesmallpiecesintothefudge.Katie’seyesgrewwideasshewatchedherauntmixthemtogether.Katie___9___asthebelloverthefrontdoorrang,announcingsome____10____.Threeboyscamein.“I’llhavestrawberryfudge,please,”saidthefirstboy.“Oh,how____11____,”laughedMaria.“Imustsuggestyoutrysomethingnew!Trythis!”SheofferedtheboystheBrusselssproutfudge.“It’sfree!____12____!”Surprised,buttoopoliteto____13____,theboysleftwiththefudge.“Theregoourcustomers.Theywilltelleveryonehowstrangeourcandyis,andnobodywillwanttoshophere!”Katiesaidtoherself.Shedidn’tknowwhattodo.Herparentsweregoingtobe____14____.Thesoundofthebellwokeherupfromher____15____.Theboyswereback!Butthistimetherewasacrowdofkidscomingintothestorewiththem.“GivemetwopiecesofBrusselssproutfudge,please.”1．A．promised B．remembered C．pretended D．checked2．A．friendly B．creative C．honest D．lucky3．A．noticed B．bought C．made D．tried4．A．soft B．sweet C．smooth D．special5．A．believe B．change C．question D．explain6．A．stuck B．left C．spread D．swept7．A．strange B．fresh C．black D．hungry8．A．washing B．weighing C．cutting D．cooking9．A．movedon B．lookedup C．brokedown D．cameover10．A．clerks B．policemen C．customers D．businessmen11．A．expensive B．cheap C．funny D．boring12．A．Stay B．Enjoy C．Go D．Help13．A．accept B．argue C．eat D．order14．A．mad B．calm C．relaxed D．silent15．A．mistakes B．memories C．plans D．thoughts【答案】1．A2．B3．D4．D5．C6．C7．A8．C9．B10．C11．D12．B13．B14．A15．D【主旨】本文主要介绍了凯蒂的父母去度假时，她和玛利亚阿姨照看她家的糖果店，玛利亚阿姨制作了一些奇怪的糖果，这吸引了很多顾客。【详解】1．句意：当父母开车去度假时，凯蒂在他们糖果店的前门向他们道别，凯蒂承诺在玛丽亚阿姨的帮助下她可以经营糖果店。promised承诺；remembered记得；pretended假装；checked检查。根据“she’dbeabletorunitwithAuntMaria’shelp”可知她承诺会好好经营糖果店。故选A。2．句意：玛丽亚阿姨没有任何商业经验，但她总是被称为“有创造力”。friendly友好的；creative有创造力的；honest诚实的；lucky幸运的。根据下文的描述可知，她制作了一些奇怪的糖果，所以她被认为“有创造力”。故选B。3．句意：玛丽亚阿姨尝了一块巧克力软糖。noticed注意到；bought买；made制造；tried尝试。根据“apieceofchocolatefudge”可知是尝了一块软糖。故选D。4．句意：它很好，但并不特别。soft软的；sweet甜的；smooth顺滑的；special特别的。根据“Theywilltelleveryonehowstrangeourcandyis”可知店里的糖果不特别。故选D。5．句意：凯蒂还没来得及问玛丽亚是什么意思，那个女人就已经去厨房了。believe相信；change改变；question质疑；explain解释。根据“whatMariameant”可知是问玛利亚阿姨她说的话是什么意思。故选C。6．句意：她哼着欢快的曲调把它们铺在工作台上。stuck卡住；left离开；spread传播；swept清扫。根据“themontheworksurface”可知是把拿来的东西放在工作台上，用动词spread。故选C。7．句意：凯蒂奇怪地看了她一眼。strange奇怪的；fresh新鲜的；black黑的；hungry饥饿的。根据“Shecouldn’tbeserious”可知她很奇怪玛利亚阿姨拿甘蓝做什么。故选A。8．句意：这位女士的手正忙着切绿色蔬菜，然后把这些小块加入软糖中。washing洗；weighing称重；cutting切；cooking做饭。根据“thenaddingthosesmallpiecesintothefudge”可知是切这些蔬菜。故选C。9．句意：凯蒂抬头一看，前门的门铃响了，宣布有顾客。movedon继续前进；lookedup向上看；brokedown分解；cameover过来。根据“asthebelloverthefrontdoorrang”可知铃响时，她抬起头看。故选B。10．句意：凯蒂抬头一看，前门的门铃响了，宣布有顾客。clerks职员；policemen警察；customers顾客；businessman商人。根据“Theregoourcustomers”可知是有顾客。故选C。11．句意：真无聊。expensive昂贵的；cheap便宜的；funny有趣的；boring无聊的。根据“Imustsuggestyoutrysomethingnew”可知玛丽亚阿姨认为年轻人要的软糖很无趣，所以建议他尝试一些新东西。故选D。12．句意：它是免费的。请享用吧！stay停留；enjoy享受；go去；help帮助。根据“It’sfree”可知是请他享用甘蓝软糖。故选B。13．句意：男孩们很惊讶，但碍于礼貌没有争辩，带着软糖离开了。accept接受；argue争论；eat吃；order命令。根据“buttoopoliteto”可知他们很有礼貌，所以不想争辩。故选B。14．句意：她的父母会疯的。mad生气的；calm平静的；relaxed放松的；silent沉默的。根据“nobodywillwanttoshophere”可知没有人来糖果店里买糖果，她父母会很生气。故选A。15．句意：铃声把她从思考中唤醒。mistakes错误；memories记忆；plans计划；thoughts想法。根据“Katiesaidtoherself”可知她一直在思考。故选D。（B）（2021·湖北十堰·统考中考真题）Oneday,afarmerwaslookingforawatersourceforhisfarm.So,hewenttohisneighborandaskedhimifhecouldsellhiswell（水井）tohim.Hisneighbor__16__.Thefarmerboughtthewellhappily.Buttheneighborwasacunning（狡猾的）man.Thenextday,asthefarmercametogetwaterfromhiswell,hisneighborcameand__17__tolethimtakeanywater.Thefarmerwas__18__.Heasked,“Whycan’tItakewater?Ialreadyboughtthewell__19__you.”Theneighborreplied,“Isoldyouthewellnotthewater.”Thefarmerwenttotheemperorto_20_

justice（公正）.Heexplainedwhathadhappened.TheemperorcalledonBirbal,his__21__courtier（朝臣）.Birbalaskedthe__22__,“Whydon’tyouletthefarmertakewaterfromthewell?Youdidsellthewelltothefarmer.”Theneighbor__23__,

“Ididsellthewelltothefarmer,butnotthewaterinit.Therefore,hehasnorighttogetwaterfromthewell.”Birbalaskedthemtocomelater.Thenextday,allwenttotheplacewherethewellwas.ThereBirbalsaidtotheneighbor,“Look,youare__24__right,andyousoldthewellnotthewater.__25__yousoldthewellnotthewater,youhavenorighttokeepthewaterinthefarmer’swell.Nowyouhavetwo__26__:Eitheryoupayahighrent（租金）tothefarmer__27__takeitoutimmediately.”Theneighborrealizedthathisplanhad__28__.Hesaid__29__tothefarmerandwenthomequickly.Cheatingwillnotgetyou__30__.Ifyoucheat,youwillpaysoonenough.16．A．believed B．laughed C．prevented D．agreed17．A．refused B．avoided C．complained D．offered18．A．stupid B．surprised C．excited D．interested19．A．with B．for C．from D．to20．A．askfor B．waitfor C．loo