Unit4NaturalDIastersDiscoveringusefulstructures课件高中英语人教版

Unit4NATURALDISASTERSDiscoveringUsefulStructures人教版（2019）英语必修一Attribute(定语)1.Heisanhonestboy.2.Weloveourcountry.3.What’syourtelephonenumber?4.Sheisabeautifulgirl.限定；修饰honestourtelephone找出下列句中的定语。beautiful修饰名词和代词的成分，作定语的除了形容词外，还有代词、数词、名词、介词短语。定语:myteacherthreeboysclothesshopthestudentsinclass1.TheTangshanearthquakewasaterribleexperiencethatmygreat-grandmacannotforget.2.Thecouplewholivenexttousvolunteeredtohelpafterthevolcanoerupted.定语从句找出下列句中的定语。3.Thesupplieswhichwereprovidedtothedisasterareawerecollectedfromaroundthecountry.4.MrLiisanarchitectwhosedesignsforthenewtownhavewonpraise.定语从句5.AdoctorwithwhomJamesusedtoworkdiedinthe2016earthquakeinEcuador.HarryPorterisaboywhohasmagicpower.先行词关系词定语从句关系代词关系副词which,who,whom,whose,thatwhere,when，why高考考点所在一.判断相关复合句中包含着定语从句定语从句的位置Parentsarethepeoplewhoyoushouldcareabout.Theboywhotheteacherpraisesistheirmonitor.在主句的后面或插在主句的中间限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别1.意义不同：限制性定语从句用于修饰先行词，不可缺少，否则主句的意思就不完整。非限制性定语从句与主句的关系不是十分密切，只是对先行词作附加或补充性的说明，即使去掉，主句的意思仍然完整、清楚。2.形式不同：非限制性定语从句一般会用逗号隔开。1.People

whotakephysicalexerciseregularlylivelonger.（若把定语从句去掉，句子意义不完整）（限制性定语从句）2.Hisdaughter,whoisinShenzhennow,iscominghomenextweek.(若把定语从句去掉，句子意义仍然完整）（非限制性定语从句）做题技巧：1.确定定语从句2.确定先行词，指人指物还是指时间地点原因3.确定指代先行词的关系词在定语从句中作的成分4.确定关系词Theboys______areplayingfootballarefromClassOne.Theroom

________

windowfacessouthismine.whowhose03Studyingtherules.关系代词Lookatthekites

which

areflyinginthesky.Thepen

(which)

I’musingisprettygood.Theman

who

isspeakingatthemeetingisanovelist.Thewoman

(whom)

theywantedtovisitisateacher.Who’stheboy

that

isreadingabook?Canyoushowmethephoto

(that)

youlikebest?Iknowthegirl

whose

motherisateacher.Thehouse

whose

windowsareclosedismine.which：指物作主语或宾语who：指人，作主语；whom：指人，作宾语whose：指人或物作定语that：指人或物作主语或宾语关系代词指代的先行词在从句中所做成分是否可省略thatwhichwhowhomwhose关系代词的用法人，物物人人(人/物)的主语,宾语主语,宾语主语,宾语宾语定语作宾语可省作宾语可省作宾语可省可省不可省1.Couldyoustillrememberthetimewhenthetrainleft?2.Thisisthefactorywheremyfatherworks?3.Doyouknowthereasonwhyhewaslateforschool?whenthetrainleftthetimethefactorywheremyfatherworks?thereasonwhyhewaslateforschool?whenwherewhy（指时间，作状语）（指地点，作状语）（指原因，作状语）关系副词03Studyingtherules1.Thereason___________hegaveussoundedreasonable.

2.Idon’tknowthereason_______hequarreledwithyou.3.I’llneverforgettheday___________wespenttogether.4.I’llremembertheday_________wemet.5.Thisisthehotel____________wevisitedlastyear.6.Thisisthehotel_________Lincolnoncelived.whythat/whichthat/whichwhenthat/whichwhere技巧：分析关系词在从句中所充当的成分，或从句缺什么成分。考点1：关系代词VS关系副词1.YesterdayIhelpedanoldman______hadlosthisway.2.LiMingistheboy________Iwanttosee.3.Thefactory_____makescomputersisfarawayfromhere.4.Ivisitedascientist______nameisknownalloverthecountry.5.Doyoulikethebook______coverisyellow?6.Heisunlikelytofindtheplace______helivedfortyyearsago.7.Doyouknowthereason______hewaslateagain.who/thatwho/whom/thatwhich/thatwhosewhosewherewhy03Studyingtherules先行词为物/事，只能用that,不能用which的情况(1)不定代词anything,nothing,everything,all,much,few,little,some,none为先行词时。

Finally,thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolentothepolice.(2)先行词被

all,every,no,any,theonly,thevery(恰好，正好),theright,thelast,thesame等这些词修饰时；ThisistheverybusthatI’mwaitingfor.(3)先行词是或者被序数词、形容词或最高级修饰时；

ThefirstEnglishbookthatIreadwas"ThePrinceandthePauper"byMark

Twain.(4)先行词既有人又有物时；

Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolthathevisited.(5)当主句是以who或which开始的特殊疑问句时，为避免重复,用that

Whoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate?(6)有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词宜用which，另一个宜用that。Thisisthebookthatyouboughtwhichyouhavelost.(1)在非限定性定语从句中，无论如何也不能用that。Thesebooks,whichyoucangetatanycornerofthetownwillgiveyoualltheinformation.(2)关系代词前面出现介词时。Thosedaysinwhichyoucouldtravelwithoutapassporthasgone.That’sthemotelatwhichwestayedseveralyearsago.(3)当先行词本身为指示代词that时。Whataboutthatwhichhadappearedinrecentactivities.(4)先行词后面有插入语时。HereistheEnglishgrammarbookwhich,asIhavetoldyou,willhelpyouimproveyourEnglish.先行词为物/事，只能用which,不能用that的情况(1)先行词指人的不定代词,anyone,one,ones,nobody,anybody,none时；

Ishetheonewhowantstoseeyou?(2)先行词存现句中主语指人的名词时。(在therebe句型中)

Thereisayoungmanwhowantstoseeyou.(3)先行词是指人的those时。

Thosewhohavegoodmannerswillbehighlyrespected.先行词为人，宜用who不宜用that的情况1.Finally,thethiefhandedovereverything______hehasstolen.2.Thisisthebestmovie______I’veeverwatched.3.Wetalkedaboutthethingsandpersons______weremembered.4.Hewastheonlyoneofthestudents______waspraised.5.Thefirstthing______weshoulddoistoworkoutaplan.【实战演练】Iknowthewoman_______daughterismydeskmate.Helikestoliveintheroom______windowfacessouth.whose:定语（“……的”），指人或物whose与ofwhich/ofwhom的互换ThenovelwhosetitleisRedandBlackisveryinteresting.=ThenovelofwhichthetitleisRedandBlackisveryinteresting.=ThenovelthetitleofwhichisRedandBlackisveryinteresting.Thisisthescientistwhoseachievementsarewell-known.考点2：关系代词whose的用法考点3：关系副词where的特殊用法I’vereachedastage

whereIjustdon’tcareanymore.当先行词为point,stage,position,case,situation,condition等，且关系词在从句中作状语时，需要用关系副词where引导定语从句。1.Youreachapointinyourprojectwhereyoujustwanttogetthethingfinished.2.Therearecases

wherethisruledoesnotholdgood.1.Hestillremembersallthedays___B_____hespentwithyourfamily.A.which B.that C.when D.ofwhich2.Iliketeachers____D____classesareinterestingandcreative.A.which B.whom C.who D.whose3.Mygrandmastillrememberthedays____A____shespent________withyouinthecountryside.

A.that;stayingB.during;tostayC.when;stayingD.what;tostay4.Macaoisapopulartouristdestination___A___.

A.thatreceivesmanyvisitorseveryyear. B.thatitreceivesmanyvisitorseveryyear.C.wherereceivesmanyvisitorseveryyear. D.whereitreceivesmanyvisitorseveryyear.5.Lifeislikealongrace___D_____wecompetewithotherstogobeyondourselves.A.which B.what C.that D.where6.Afterworkingfor10years,Ifindteachingisajob____D_____youaredoingsomethingseriousbutinteresting.A.that B.which C.when D.where7.Idon’tknowthereason____C____helooksunhappytoday.A.where B.that C.why D.when8.Therearetimes___C__IwonderwhyIdothisjob.A.as B.while C.which D.when9.Newspapersaremakingtheireffortstoattractreadersinanage_______mostpeoplereadnewsonlineforfree.A.that B.where C.when D.why10.Tobeexact,all________isneededisasupplyofoil.A.thething B.thatC.what D.which11.Shewasangrytoseethebeautifulcoat________shehadboughtthedaybefore________withsnow.A.which;cover B.that;covered C./;covering D.where;covered.12.Youcan’twakeaperson________ispretendingtobeasleep.

A.who B.which C.he D.不填13.Theprizewillgotothewriter________storyshowsthemostimagination.A.that B.which C.whose D.who14.Thisisthefirstbirthdaygift________Ireceived.I’vekeptitmanyyears.A.which B.that C.who D.what15.Thisisthevillagein________hewasbroughtup.A.why B.that C.what D.which易考点4:介词+which

/

whom/whose引导定从关系副词when,where,why可以用适当的介词+which来替代。如：when=in/on/at/during…+which,where=in/on/at…+which,

why=for+which1.Iwon’tforgettheday

when(onwhich)Iwasborn.2.Thisistheroom

where(inwhich)Ilived.3.Idon’tknowthereason

why(forwhich)hehaven’tcometoday.4.Ilovemymotherland,forwhosegoodfutureIwillworkhard.介词+which/whom/whose1.如何选介词

看和先行词的搭配看从句谓语动词或形容词与介词的搭配看上下文语义1.YesterdaywepaidavisittothehouseinwhichLuXunoncelived.2.ThefellowtowhomIspokemadenoansweratfirst.3.Tombrokehisglasses,withoutwhichhecouldseenothingatall.Fillineachblankwithaproperprep.+whom/which.1.Thisisthegun__________thehuntershottheantelope.2.Theathletes__________hewillcompetecomefromGreeceandCzechRepublic.3.He’llneverforgettheday__________hewasadmittedtotheOlympicGamesforthefirsttime.4.Agreatnumberofculturalrelicshavebeenfoundinavillage__________therearelotsofoldtemples.5.Theguitar__________Davecomposedourfirstsongisinamusicmuseum.6.Themusicians__________wehavegreatinteresttouredEuropewithus.withwhichagainst/withwhomonwhichinwhichwithwhichinwhom1.MrZhang,whocametoseemeyesterday,isanoldfriendofmyfather.2.Peter,whomyoumetinLondon,

isnowbackinParis.3.Lauracouldn'tcometoourparty,whichwasapity.4.Rome,whichisthecapitalofItaly,hasaverylonghistory.5.MrBrownhaswrittenanovel,whosename

Icompletelyremember.6.Moreandmorepeopleintheworld,aswesee,havecometorealizethesignificanceofpollutioncontrol.7.ThestoryinthebookhappenedinCanada,whereNormanBethunewasborn.8.IleftonSunday,wheneveryonewasathome.考点5：非限制性定语从句：非限制性定语从句引导非限制性定语从句的关系词：as,which,who,whom,whose,where,when…注意：①that,why不能引导非限制性定语从句；②在非限制性定语从句中，whom作宾语不能省略1.Hestillremembersallthedays________hespentwithyourfamily.A.which B.that C.when D.ofwhich2.Iliketeachers________classesareinterestingandcreative.A.which B.whom C.who D.whose3.Mygrandmastillrememberthedays________shespent________withyouinthecountryside.

A.that;stayingB.during;tostayC.when;stayingD.what;tostay4.Macaoisapopulartouristdestination______.

A.thatreceivesmanyvisitorseveryyear. B.thatitreceivesmanyvisitorseveryyear.C.wherereceivesmanyvisitorseveryyear. D.whereitreceivesmanyvisitorseveryyear.5.Lifeislikealongrace________wecompetewithotherstogobeyondourselves.A.which B.what C.that D.where6.Afterworkingfor10years,Ifindteachingisajob___________youaredoingsomethingseriousbutinteresting.A.that B.which C.when D.where7.Idon’tknowthereason________helooksunhappytoday.A.where B.that C.why D.when8.Therearetimes_____IwonderwhyIdothisjob.A.as B.while C.which D.when9.Wewentthroughaperiod________communicationsweredifficultintheruralareas.A.which B.whose C.inwhich D.withwhich10.Theonlything________manyofthepapersfocustheirattentionistheargumentaboutthestatementsmadebytheforeignsecretary.A.which B.that C.onwhich D.onthat11.I’mgoingtovisitthefactory________yourbrotherworkedafewyearsago.A.thatB.inwhereC.inwhich D.what12.Americanwomenusuallyconsidertheirbestfriendassomeone________theycantalkfrequently.A.whoB.whomC.aboutwhich D.withwhom13.Westudyinaschool____fameisknownnationwideanditisaschool_______wecanfullydevelopourpotential.A.which;whereB.whose;whichC.who;that D.whose;inwhich14.Manyyoungpeople3most_________werewell-educated,headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.A.ofwhichB.ofthemC.ofwhom D.ofthose15.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson_____shecouldturnforhelp.A.that B.who C.fromwhom D.towhom考点6：which引导非限制性定语从句1.Lauracouldn'tcometoourparty,whichwasapity.2.Rome,whichisthecapitalofItaly,hasaverylong

history.注意：which引导非限制性定语从句时，放在主句后面，既可以代指主句一整件事情，通常译成“这”；也可以代指主句当中某个先行词(单词或词组），具体由句意确定。易考点7:as引导限制性定语从句as引导限制性定从通常用于thesame...as(和……同样的),such...as(像……一样)的结构中。

Heissuchaperson________welikeverymuch.assuch判别依据：缺成分用as，不缺成分用that1.Ihaveneverseensuchalazymanasyou.2.Ihavethe

samebookashehas.易考点8:as引导非限制性定从VSwhich引导非限制性定从Hewonthegame,aswasexpected．Iwasveryhelpfultohim,

which/asherealized．as和which都可以代指前面的先行词或整个句子，在从句中作主语，或用作及物动词的宾语，如:但下列情况下as和which一般不能互换：1.as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在句首、句末，也可以插入主句中，而which一般放在主句之后，放在后面指代主句一整件事情时有时可以互换，但一般as可强调意料之中，译成“正如”，which则强调意料之外，译成“这”。As

ourteacherpointsout,thatbookisofbene