Unit 6 Earth First Understanding ideas 阅读课件-高中英语外研版（2019）必修第二册

Unit6EarthfirstUnderstandingideasSharks:DangerousorEndangered?By

the

end

of

this

class,

you

are

expected

to

be

able

to:guessthe

writingpurposeofthepassagebyanalyzingthemeaning

of

the

title.analyzethestructureofthepassagebysummarizingthemainideaofeachparagraph.briefly

talk

about

howpeople’sattitudestowardsanimalsareaffectedbyfilmsorbookswiththehelpofthephrases

and

expressions

we

learned

during

class.LearningobjectivesWhat'syourfavoriteseaanimal?Doyouknowanythingaboutsharks?Sharethemintheclass.WarmingupThereareoverthreehundreddifferentspeciesofshark.Theunusualthingaboutallthesefishisthefactthattheyhavenobones!Theirentireskeleton(骨架)ismadeupofcartilage(软骨).Differentsharkshavedifferentshapesofteeth.Thegreatwhitesharkhasverysharpteeththatareabletotearbigpiecesofitsprey(猎物).Mostofsharksfeedonseacreatures(生物)likefish,squid(鱿鱼)andcrabs(蟹).Thegreatwhitesharkhasbeenknowntoeatseals(海豹).Sharkshaveexcellentsight.Theyalsohaveaverygoodsenseofhearingandpickupsoundsofstrugglingfishfaraway,soundsthatwouldnotbeheardtothehumanear.Theyalsohaveaverykeensenseofsmellandareattractedbythesmellofbloodcomingfromaninjuredfish.

What'syourfirstimpressionofsharks?

Brainstorm:Whatwillyouthinkofwhenwetalkaboutsharks?dangerouspowerfulscaringman-eatingterrifyinghugecuteintelligentApictureisworthathousandwords.Differentpicturesvoicedifferentfeelings.HaveyoueverseenthefilmJaws?Introducetheplotofthefilm.Director:StevenSpielbergWriters:PeterBenchley(screenplay),

CarlGottlieb

(screenplay)

Pre-readingLookatthetitleandthepictureandpredictwhatwillbetalkedaboutinthepassage.Canyouguessthewritingpurposeofthispassage?Choosetheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage.Ifwecanfigureouttheauthor’spurpose,thenwecanunderstandthetextmoredeeply.作者写作有三个基本目的:说服读者(topersuade)，告知读者(toinform)，娱乐读者(toentertain)。Carefulreading可以通过文章的体裁来大致确定作者的写作目的。例如：P(Persuade):报纸上的社论或广告大多以说服读者为目的；I(Inform):教科书、百科全书、字典、食谱或产品说明书等图书或文章多以告知读者信息为目的；E(Entertain):童话、漫画或小说等图书多以娱乐读者为目的。还可以通过一些问题来确定作者的写作目的：P(Persuade):Didtheauthortrytochangeyourmind?Didtheauthortrytomakeyoudoorbelievesomething?I(Inform):Didtheauthortrytoshareinformationwithyou?Didtheauthorteachyousomethingnew?Didtheauthortellyouhowtodosomething?E(Entertain):Didtheauthortrytomakeyoulaugh?Didtheauthormakeyourelax&enjoythestory?Scanthepassageandchoosetheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage.(2mins)TocriticizePeterBenchley’s

misleading

description

of

sharksinhisbookandadvocatetheprotectionofsharks.Toexplainpeople’smisunderstandingofsharksandraiseawarenessofsharkprotection.Toinformpeopleaboutsharksandrecommendthefilmandthebooktothem.

1streadingHowdoestheauthordevelopthepassagetoexpresshispurpose?Readthepassagecarefullyandsummarizethemainideaofeachparagraph.2ndreadingSharks:Dangerousorendangered?2ndreadingReadparagraphoneandsummarizeitsmainidea.(1min)vt.tomakesomethingstronger,powerfulormoreeffectivestrongadjstrengthnstrengthenv.Mainidea:ThefilmJawsstrengthenedtheideaofsharkasadangerousanimal.2ndreadingReadparagraphtwoandsummarizeitsmainidea.(1min)Mainidea:ThefilmJawsmadepeoplebecomemorescaredofsharksandkillthem.phrasebeafraidoforbefrightenedofsth.scarev.scaredadj.2ndreadingReadparagraphthreeandsummarizeitsmainidea.(1min)Mainidea:Thenumberoflargesharksfellquicklyduetofearofsharksandfinning.phrasebecauseofReadparagraphfourandsummarizeitsmainidea.(2mins)2ndreadingv.to

agree

thatsomethingistrue,especiallyunwillinglySheadmitted(that)shehadmadeamistake.Sheadmittedmakingamistake.Atfirstshedeniedmakingamistake,butshelateradmitted(to)it.Mainidea:Peterfoundthathisbookwaswrongaboutsharks.

2.FinningwouldhaveanunexpectedeffectuponPeterBenchley,themanwhowrotethebookthefilmJaws

wasbasedon.PeterBenchleydidnotexpectthatfinningwouldhaveagreateffectonhim.气温升高会影响到海平面高度、旱情发生频率及更多方面。Ariseintemperaturewillhaveaneffectonsealevels,droughtfrequencyandmore.Paraphrasehaveaneffecton:toaffectorinfluencesomeoneorsomethingReadparagraphfourandsummarizeitsmainidea.(2mins)Mainidea:Peterfoundthathisbookwaswrongaboutsharks.2ndreading

3.In1980,Benchleywasdivingwhenhecameacross

anawfulsight.我们正要出去，突然下起雨来。我在我家乡的一个书店偶然发现了这本书。when:atthat/thistime,usedinanadverbialclauseoftime

Wewereabouttogooutwhenitstartedtorain.Icameacrossthisbookinabookshopinmyhometown.comeacross:tomeet,find,ordiscoversomeoneorsomethingbychanceReadparagraphfourandsummarizeitsmainidea.(2mins)Mainidea:Peterfoundthathisbookwaswrongaboutsharks.2ndreading

4.Hecametoseepeopleasadangertosharks,ratherthantheotherwayround.cometodo:tofinallyreachastateinwhichsth.happensoryoudosth.过了几个月，她终于喜欢上了新老师。Shehadcometolikethenewteacheroverthemonths.ParaphraseHefinallystartedtorealisethatpeopleareadangertosharks,ratherthantheopposite.

ratherthan:insteadof;usedesp.

whenyoupreferonethingtoanother我今晚想待在家，而不是去外面。I’dliketostayathomethisevening

ratherthangoout.2ndreadingReadparagraphfiveandsummarizeitsmainidea.Mainidea:Morepeoplewanttoprotectsharksnow.protect…from/against…phrasetokeepsomeoneorsomethingsafefrominjury,damageorlossIt’s

importanttoprotectyourskinfromtheharmfuleffectsofthesun.VaccinationcanprotectyouagainstCOVID-19.Nowtrytogetthestructureofthepassage.(1min)2ndreadingDangerousEndangeredMorepeoplewanttoprotectsharksfromextinction.Sharks:Dangerousorendangered?Para.1:ThefilmJawsstrengthenedideaofsharkasadangerousanimal.Para.2:ThefilmJawsmadepeoplebecomemorescaredofsharksandkillthem.Para.3:Numberoflargesharksfellquicklyduetofearofsharksandfinning.Para.4:Peterfoundthathisbookwaswrongaboutsharks.Para.5:Morepeoplewanttoprotectsharksnow.Thestructureofthetext

Sharks:dangerousorendangered?Para.1+Para.2dangerousPara.3+Para.4endangeredPara.5Morepeoplewanttoprotectsharksfromextinction.questionanalysisconclusionexposition(说明文)Canyoufindouthowpeople’sattitudestowardssharkshavechanged?Completethechartshowinghowattitudestowardssharkshavechangedwithwordsandexpressionsfromthepassage.

Completethechartshowinghowattitudestowardssharkshavechangedwithwordsandexpressionsfromthepassage.Peoplehavealwaysbeenscaredofsharksbecausetheyareconsidered1.____________________.asdangerousanimalsPeoplehaveanormalfearofsharks.PeoplewhosawthefilmJawsbelieved2.____________________________________.Somepeoplestopped3.__________________whileothersstartedto4._______________.Thenumberoflargesharksfellquicklydueto5.__________________________.sharkswerebadanimalsthatatehumansswimmingintheseafishforsharksfearofsharksandfinningPeoplearemorefrightenedofsharks.PeterBenchleyadmittedthathisbook6._________________________________andfought7._________them.Expertshaveprovedthat8._____________________________,andtheyattackusbymistake.Somepeoplebecameinterestedin9._____________________andmorearewillingto10._______________________________.waswrongaboutsharks'behaviourtoprotectsharksdonotseepeopleasfoodunderstandingsharksprotectsharksfromextinctionMorepeopleareagainstfinningandwishtoprotectsharks.Basedonparagraph4,canyouguesshowPeterBenchleyfeltafterdivingin1980?Hemightfeelsadforthesharksbeingkilled;Hemightfeelregretfulfordepictingthegreatwhitesharkasadangerousanimalinhisbook;Hemightalsofeelangryaboutfinning.3rdreadingWhydidthenumberofsharksfallquickly?Thiswasnotonlydueto

fearofsharks,butalso

finning.finning

Peoplecaughtsharksandcutofftheirfins.Whatwillhappentothesharkswithouttheirfins?Thesharksarethrownbackintotheseawheretheydieslowlyandpainfully.AbowlofsharkfinsoupAlifeofashark123JawmakespeopleafraidofsharksPeoplewerescaredandkilledsharksThenumberofsharksfellquicklySHARKS:DANGEROUSORENDANGERED?45MorepeoplewanttohelpPeoplerealisesharksareendngeredBehindthechangesinattitudes,whathaschangedinpeople?Nowretellthepassageaccordingtothechart.Period2Whatotherfilmsorbooksdoyouknowthatfeaturewildanimals?Dothey"paint"agoodorbadpictureoftheseanimals?Sayhowtheanimalsaredescribed.LifeofPi.Itpaintedagoodpictureofthetiger.Itwasdescribeddangerousatfirst,butthetigerandPisurvivedharmoniouslyuntiltheyweresaved.PostreadingThink&ShareWatchavideoandwritedownwhatyouhaveseen.PROTECTWILDLIFEFORAHEALTHYPLANETEachandeveryanimalonearthhasasmuchrighttobehereasyouandme.Theglobeisabigfamily.JustasPresidentXisaid,Weshouldloveanimals,asweloveourselves.Weshouldliveinharmonywitheverycreature.1.Whatmayfollowthelastparagraghofthetext?2.Continuetowritethepassage(notmorethan80words).Youcanusetheexpressionsbelowtohelpyou.

Somestepshavebeentaken...Laworrules...Governmentsororganizations...Experts...

Also,wecan......don’tbuysharkproducts......callonotherstoresistsharksproducts...Assignment1.Weseeawomanswimmingatnightinadarksea.seeawomanswimmingatnight=seeawomanwhoisswimmingatnightswimmingatnight是一个现在分词短语，在句中作宾语补足语，修饰woman，补充更多信息，表示看见一个女人在夜晚游泳。Languagepoints现在分词作宾语补足有两个典型的结构：1)“see/smell/hear/feel/…+宾语+现在分词”表示动作正在进行。2)“have/get/…+宾语+现在分词”，表示

“让……一直做某事”。egDoyousmellsomethingburning?Thefarmershadthetractor(拖拉机)workingdayandnightatharvesttime.强调“烧糊了”这个动作正在进行。强调拖拉机一直在运转。2.Shesurfaces,criesinfear,thendisappearsforever.infear:usedwhenyouareafraidorworriedthatsomethingbadisgoingtohappen

担心；害怕

egThechildrenlookedatherinfear.3.Peoplehavealwaysbeenscaredofsharks,butJawsmadethingsworse.scarev.tomakesomeonefeelfrightened使惊恐，吓唬egYouscaredme.Loudnoisescanscareanimalsorbirds.scaren.asuddenfeelingoffear

惊恐，惊吓egYoureally

gave

us

ascare!scaredadj.frightenedofsomething,ornervousaboutsomething害怕……的;对……感到惊慌（恐惧）的egAtfirst,hewasreallyscared.【拓展】scare

sb.intodoingsth.威胁/恐吓某人做某事scare...away/off把……吓跑bescared(that)害怕……scarev.n.scaredadj.bescaredtodosth.害怕做某事bescaredof(doing)sth.害怕(做)某事【语境应用】根据汉语意思补全下列句子（每空一词）。1)煤气味把我吓了一跳。Thesmellofgas_______________________.2)她轻轻地移动以免把鸟儿吓跑。Shemovedquietlytoavoid_______________________________.3)当小偷进入房子的时候，狗会把他们吓跑。Whenthethievesenterthehouse,thedogwill________________________________________.gavemequiteascaringthebirdsthemintorunningawayscareaway/offscare本课中出现的表示“害怕地”的短语：Peoplehavebeenscaredofsharks,butJawsmadethingsworse.Itmadepeoplefrightenedofsharks,especiallyofthegreatwhiteshark.Somepeoplestoppedswimminginthesea,afraidofthehorriblecreaturefromthefilm.4.Somepeoplestoppedswimminginthesea,afraidofthehorriblecreaturefromthefilm.【分析】形容词短语作状语形容词(短语)作状语，说明句子主语的特点或处于某种状态。形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等，可位于句首、句末或句中,常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。【语境应用】单句语法填空。1)Thelittlematchgirlwaswalkinginthestreet,coldand___________(hunger).2)___________(surprise)andhappy,Tonystoodupandacceptedtheprize.3)Hecamebackafteratrip,___________(tire)buthappy.4)Hemaybelate.___________still,hemaynotcomeatall.他可能会迟到。更糟的是，他可能不会来。hungerSurprisedtiredWorse5.Thiswasnotonlyduetofearofsharks,butalsofinning.dueto:becauseofsomething由于，因为(引导表语或状语)to为介词egTheflightwasdelayed

due

to

badweather.

Theaccidentwasduetohiscarelessness.notonly…butalso…意为“不但……而且……”，连接两个并列成分

【归纳】dueadj.预定的;到期的

beduetodosth.预期做某事,预定要做某事

beduetosth./sb.归因于某事/某人;欠某人……

bedueforsth.应有某物;应得到某物

【联想】表示“由于,因为”的短语还有:becauseof,asaresultof,thanksto,onaccountof,owingto等。

dueto,thanksto,becauseof,owingto共同点：都有“由于”“因为”的意思，都是介词短语，

因此后面不可接从句或动词不定式。不同点：1)dueto一般只用作表语。2)becauseof只能用作状语。3)owingto既可以用作状语，也可以用作表语，平常多用于前一种情况，它引导的状语必须是修饰全句的，因此严格来讲应用逗号和主句分开。4)thanksto只能用作状语，可以表达正面意思，“幸亏”，也可用于讽刺口吻中(近于讽刺口吻的“感谢”)。【语境应用】根据汉语意思完成句子。1)Thepolicemansaidtheaccidentlastnightwas_____________driving.

警察说昨晚的事故是由于粗心驾驶造成的。2)Hisnewbook___________________nextyear.

他的新书预计明年出版。duetocarelessisduetobepublished6.Sharksdon'ttargethumans.targetv.tomakesomethinghaveaneffectonaparticularlimitedgrouporarea

把……作为目标egTheadvertisementwasdesignedtotargetamassaudience.targetn.somethingthatyouaretryingtoachieve,suchasatotal,anamount,oratime〔想要达到的〕目标;指标egShehasalwayssetherselfveryhightargets.targetn.anobject,person,orplacethatisdeliberatelychosentobeattacked